US3779690A - Gaseous mixing device for regenerator heaters - Google Patents

Gaseous mixing device for regenerator heaters Download PDF

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Publication number
US3779690A
US3779690A US00184042A US3779690DA US3779690A US 3779690 A US3779690 A US 3779690A US 00184042 A US00184042 A US 00184042A US 3779690D A US3779690D A US 3779690DA US 3779690 A US3779690 A US 3779690A
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United States
Prior art keywords
air
mixing chamber
channels
gaseous fuel
chamber
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00184042A
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English (en)
Inventor
R Rossow
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Dr C Otto and Co GmbH
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Dr C Otto and Co GmbH
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Priority claimed from DE19702047453 external-priority patent/DE2047453C/de
Application filed by Dr C Otto and Co GmbH filed Critical Dr C Otto and Co GmbH
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Publication of US3779690A publication Critical patent/US3779690A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B9/00—Stoves for heating the blast in blast furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details
    • F23D14/62—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes

Definitions

  • ROLF ROSSOW w MZZaW ATTORNEYS GASEOUS MIXING DEVICE FOR REGENERATOR HEATERS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION There are efforts in the steel industry to increase the temperature of the air blast fed to a blast furnace to the range of about 1,200 to l,300C (i.e., 2,l92 to 2,372F). However, in order to obtain such temperatures, the heater itself must be heated to a temperature of about 1,500C (2,732F) or to even higher temperatures.
  • the combustion chamber is normally a vertical passageway in which blast furnace gas is burned extending from a point at the bottom of the stove to the bottom of the dome and through which the hot products of combustion pass upwardly to the dome and thereafter pass downwardly through brick checkerwork.
  • the burner at the bottom of the combustion chamber which introduces a mixture of air and gas into the combustion chamber, is normally formed from metal; however the durability of such metallic burners is substantially reduced as the temperatures are increased to the desired values.
  • it is necessary for the protection of the metallic burners to provide special measures such as, for example, the provision of water cooled valves and similar devices. Such burners not only increase the susceptibility of the device to operational failures but also are quite expensive.
  • blast furnace gas is no longer sufficient. That is, it is necessary to increase the caloric capacity of the gas by admixture of coke oven gas or natural gas with the blast furnace gas.
  • a refractory gaseous mixing device i.e., burner
  • air heaters such as blast furnace stoves
  • the burner must be able to withstand the adverse conditions caused by the higher temperatures.
  • the present invention resides in the provision of a refractory burner for an air heater including a combustion chamber, a substantially cylindrical mixing chamber extending axially downwardly from the lower end of the combustion chamber and fonned from refractory material, and at least one horizontally-extending gaseous fuel and air admission channel formed from refractory material leading tangentially into the cylindrical mixing chamber for admitting gaseous fuel and air to the mixing chamber.
  • the channels are superimposed and serving alternately as fuel gas and admission channels.
  • the channels there are three superimposed channels of which the intermediate channel serves for the admission of air and the upper and lower channels for the admission of gaseous fuel to the mixing chamber.
  • the channels At the point where the channels intercept the mixing chamber, they have a substantially rectangular cross section, each of the same width.
  • the mixing chamber is formed to have at its upper end a comically-shaped throat.
  • the construction of the burner from refractory materials, especially from firebrick, provides a burner arrangement which is insensitive to influences caused by the high operating temperatures.
  • the introduction of the fuel gas and air streams into the mixing chamber in a tangential direction and the division of the streams before introduction into the mixing chamber provides a homogeneous mixture of the fuel gas and the air and causes complete combustion of the fuel gas mixture consisting of a mixture of blast furnace gas and coke oven or natural gas.
  • fuel gas and air are tangentially introduced into the mixing chamber through the superimposed channels in different streams.
  • good mixing of the fuel gas and the air is obtained upon entering of the gases into the mixing chamber, such mixing being even more intense by providing different speeds for the fuel gas and the air entering the mixing chamber.
  • Complete admixing of the two gases occurs in the mixing chamber wherethe gases are rotated with great turbulence due to the fact that the superimposed streams enter into the mixing chamber, of circular cross section, along a tangential path.
  • the mixture obtained in this manner is so complete that the gases begin to burn shortly before leaving the mixing chamber and the combustion is so intense that even under full load conditions, complete combustion is already obtained at half the height of the combustion chamber above the mixing chamber with only little excess air.
  • FIG. I is a vertical sectional view of a burner formed in accordance with the teachings of the invention and taken substantially along line II of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the burner of the invention taken substantially along line II -II of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the gas admission channels of the burner taken substantially along line IIIIII of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is an elevational plan view of the exit end of the gas admission channels as seen from the mixing chamber of the burner (i.e., along line IVIV of FIG. 1).
  • FIG. I there is shown a generally cylindrical mixing chamber l for air and combustible gas.
  • the wall of the cylindrical mixing chamber 1 is built from firebricks which, at the upper end of the mixing chamber 1, are displaced inwardly to form a conical throat 2.
  • the lower end of the mixing chamber is closed by a bottom 3.
  • the channels Near the bottom of the chamber 1 are three superimposed channels 4, 5 and 6 formed from refractory material.
  • the lower channel 4 and the upper channel 5 are fuel gas admission channels; whereas the intermediate channel 6 is an air admission channel.
  • the channels have substantially rectangular cross sections at the point where they intersect the cylindrical mixing chamber 1, the width of the three channels being the same.
  • the air channel 6 is of circular cross-sectional configuration and has a short feed pipe 7 connecting it to an air admission valve, not shown.
  • the feed pipe 7 is surrounded by a conical hood 8 such that between the feed pipe 7 and the hood 8 an annular space is formed through which the fuel gas is admitted to the fuel gas channels 4 and 5.
  • instead of using two gas channels and a single, central air channel only a single gas and single air channel can be used, one above the other as was explained above.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 The relative positions of the combustion chamber 9, the mixing chamber 1 and the gas admission channels 4, and 6 can be seen clearly from FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 2 it will be noted that the air channel 6, as well as the gas channels 4 and 5 below and above it, intersect the mixing chamber 1 tangentially. Therefore, the gases, as they enter the mixing chamber 1, are imparted a rotational motion as indicated by the arrow 1 1 in FIG. 2. This causes the speed of the gases to be higher near the walls of the combustion chamber than in the center thereof. Depending upon various conditions, the gas speed at the center of the mixing chamber may be zero or may actually have a reverse flow. In order to impede the rotational flow at the walls of the mixing chamber 1, it is provided at its upper end with the conical throat 2.
  • temperatures achieved in the burner are adjustable within the range of l :5.
  • the temperatures at the center of the mixing chamber during the experiments were 600C for the smallest gas flow and about 150C for the largest gas flow. This, of course, is due to the fact that higher gas flows produce a certain cooling effect within the mixing chamber.
  • the combination characterized by an air-gaseous fuel mixing chamber for supplying an air-gaseous mixture to a combustion chamber that in turn discharges a blast of heated air at a temperature of 1,200C and greater to a blast furnace, said combination comprising:
  • a combustion chamber receiving an air-gaseous mixture for combustion therein and upward discharge of a combustion product including a blast of heated air to said blast furnace;
  • substantially cylindrical air-gaseous fuel mixing chamber extending along a vertical axis with the upper end thereof communicating with one end of said combustion chamber, the upper end of said mixing chamber including a conical throat of reduced diameter at its upper end where the throat is connected to and discharges an air-gaseous fuel mixture to said combustion chamber, said conical throat serving to cause rotating gases at the walls of the mixing chamber to move inwardly toward the center thereof;
  • At least two horizontally-extending channels formed from refractory material and separated from each other at the lower end of said mixing chamber, said channels intersecting said cylindrical mixing chamber tangentially in a manner such that one of said channels conducts a gaseous fuel into said mixing chamber for mixture therein with air conducted into said mixing chamber by the other of said channels.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
US00184042A 1970-09-26 1971-09-27 Gaseous mixing device for regenerator heaters Expired - Lifetime US3779690A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19702047453 DE2047453C (de) 1970-09-26 Brenneranordnung an einem säulenförmigen Winderhitzer

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3779690A true US3779690A (en) 1973-12-18

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US00184042A Expired - Lifetime US3779690A (en) 1970-09-26 1971-09-27 Gaseous mixing device for regenerator heaters

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US (1) US3779690A (https=)
JP (1) JPS515802B1 (https=)
BE (1) BE773059A (https=)
FR (1) FR2108576A5 (https=)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3891384A (en) * 1973-11-05 1975-06-24 Bloom Eng Co Inc Stove burner
US4281983A (en) * 1979-04-06 1981-08-04 John Zink Company Premix burner system for low BTU gas fuel

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2465712A (en) * 1944-10-21 1949-03-29 Clarkson Alick Louvered air register for oil burners
US2769411A (en) * 1951-11-06 1956-11-06 Rosenblad Corp Fuel combustion process and apparatus
US2945459A (en) * 1953-05-23 1960-07-19 Babcock & Wilcox Co Pulsating combustion method and apparatus

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2465712A (en) * 1944-10-21 1949-03-29 Clarkson Alick Louvered air register for oil burners
US2769411A (en) * 1951-11-06 1956-11-06 Rosenblad Corp Fuel combustion process and apparatus
US2945459A (en) * 1953-05-23 1960-07-19 Babcock & Wilcox Co Pulsating combustion method and apparatus

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3891384A (en) * 1973-11-05 1975-06-24 Bloom Eng Co Inc Stove burner
US4281983A (en) * 1979-04-06 1981-08-04 John Zink Company Premix burner system for low BTU gas fuel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2047453A1 (de) 1972-03-30
BE773059A (fr) 1972-01-17
DE2047453B2 (de) 1973-01-11
FR2108576A5 (https=) 1972-05-19
JPS515802B1 (https=) 1976-02-23

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