US3778663A - Electric lamps and discharge devices - Google Patents

Electric lamps and discharge devices Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3778663A
US3778663A US00235758A US3778663DA US3778663A US 3778663 A US3778663 A US 3778663A US 00235758 A US00235758 A US 00235758A US 3778663D A US3778663D A US 3778663DA US 3778663 A US3778663 A US 3778663A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
wire
seal
sleeve
molybdenum
alloy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00235758A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
E Beeson
K Furmidge
H Stanyon
J Speller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thorn Electrical Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Thorn Electrical Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thorn Electrical Industries Ltd filed Critical Thorn Electrical Industries Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3778663A publication Critical patent/US3778663A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J5/00—Details relating to vessels or to leading-in conductors common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J5/50—Means forming part of the tube or lamps for the purpose of providing electrical connection to it
    • H01J5/54—Means forming part of the tube or lamps for the purpose of providing electrical connection to it supported by a separate part, e.g. base
    • H01J5/62—Connection of wires protruding from the vessel to connectors carried by the separate part

Definitions

  • Molybdenum is commonly used in lead-in conductors to internal components such as filaments and discharge electrodes in incandescent lamps, in discharge lamps and in other electron discharge devices. Often,
  • the molybdenum is in the form of a thin foil extending through a glass-to-metal seal which may be a pinchseal.
  • Molybdenum is chosen where fuzed silica or quartz is the material from which the envelope of the device is made, because molybdenum and silica or quartz, although having different coefficients of thermal expansion, will by the flexibility of the thin foil and atomic surface bond form a hermetic seal.
  • Caps are frequently fitted to the exposed ends of lead-in conductors for strength and in order to establish electrical contact with an external supply lead, normally through a socket. In such a case, the cap contributes to mechanical supporting of the lamp. At the same time, the cap can be beneficial in assisting dissipation of heat away from the glass-to-metal seal.
  • an electrical device including a glass-to-metal seal, wherein an electrical conductor leading out of the seal is accommodated within a metal sleeve forming a component of a terminal cap, the conductor and sleeve being brazed together and the interior of the sleeve being filled with brazing alloy.
  • a terminal cap of this construction has a high thermal capacity and is particularly effective in promoting heat flow away from the seal and the lead-in conductor. A substantial reduction in the operating temperature of the seal is possible thereby and improved resistance to failure of the leadin conductor through oxidation may be achieved.
  • the metal sleeve is copper or a copper-rich alloy to give good thermal conductivity with resistance to oxidation and the braze is a high silver content copper brazing alloy.
  • the lead-in conductor includes a molybdenum foil in electrical contact at one end with a refractory metal wire, e.g. tungsten, which leads into the device.
  • a refractory metal wire e.g. tungsten
  • the molybdenum foil is in electrical contact with one or more outer lead wires normally also molybdenum.
  • These wires extend out from the seal, which may be a pinch seal, and are accommodated within the braze-filled sleeve. To ensure that oxidation of these wires is prevented, it is arranged that they are wholly surrounded by the brazing alloy, including their ends.
  • the terminal cap is completed by an outer insulating sleeve of ceramic bonded to the metal sleeve by means of a refractory cement. It is preferred to slot the ceramic sleeve longitudinally to enable it to embrace the end of the pinch seal so as to produce a strong, rigid structure. Electrical contact with a supply lead is then by way of the end of the terminal cap.
  • An advantage of filling the metal sleeve with brazing alloy is that as it freezes its surface assumes a part-spherical meniscus concavity well adapted to make a snug seating for a contact pin of an electrical socket. By this means, good electrical and thermal contact can be achieved so that heat generated in the device is conducted away from the seal through the cap to the socket, which acts as a heat sink to dissipate the heat generated.
  • FIG. I is a side elevation, partially in section of an end of a lamp envelope embodying the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the end of the lamp envelope shown in FIG. 1.
  • the drawings illustrate an end portion of a tubular envelope 10 of an electric lamp.
  • the envelope 10 is of quartz and is hermetically sealed, at its ends by pinch seals 11.
  • a lead-in conductor extends into the envelope 10 through the pinch seal 11 and makes contact with an inner conductor 12, for example of tungsten.
  • the conductor 12 is electrically connected to a filament, and in discharge lamps, the conductor 12 forms an electrode at which discharge takes place.
  • the conductor 12 is electrically connected within the pinch seal 11 to one end of a molybdenum foil 13 which is embedded within the seal 11.
  • the conductors 14 must be capable of withstanding the temperatures used while forming the pinch seal 11 and molybdenum clad with platinum has been found to be particularly suitable in this respect and to possess adequate thermal conductivity.
  • the conductors 14 may be flat, circular, elliptical or may have some other cross section to which a reliable pinch seal can be made.
  • the outer ends of the conductors 14 are received in a cap 15 whose function is to co-operate with an electrical socket both to provide mechanical support for the lamp and to establish an electrical connection with the lead-in conductor.
  • the cap 15 includes an inner conductive member in the form of a copper sleeve 16 which either abuts, as shown, or embraces the end of the pinch seal 11.
  • the conductors 14 extend axially along the tube and are soldered or brazed thereto using a high silver content copper brazing alloy 17. In this way, good thermal and electrical coupling between the conductors l4 and the sleeve 16 is achieved and the braze-filled copper sleeve or alloy has a high thermal capacity.
  • a meniscus concavity 18 forms which is of part-spherical contour well adapted to provide a snug seating for a rounded contact pin of the associated electrical socket. Good heat transfer from the lamp to the socket is thereby obtained via the cap 15.
  • Ths socket is designed to act as a heat sink for dissipating the heat generated in the lamp and the arrangement ensures that the temperature of the molybdenum components is kept to a minimum.
  • the outer ends of the conductors 14 are cropped to such a length that their ends are wholly within the brazing alloy, due allowance being made when cropping for shrinking of the alloy as it freezes.
  • the conductors l4 terminate below the meniscus concavity 18, oxidation of the molybdenum at their exposed, unclad ends is prevented.
  • the cap is completed by the addition of an outer insulating sleeve 19 of ceramic material.
  • the ceramic sleeve 19 is longitudinally slotted at 20 so as to fit over the end of the pinch seal.
  • the ceramic sleeve 19 is secured in place by cementing to the pinch seal 11 and to the cop per sleeve 16 using a heat-resistant cement.
  • lead-out conductor means electrically connected to a conductor inside said envelope, said conductor means comprising a molybdenum foil and a molybdenum wire welded to said foil, said wire extending outwardly through the end of said flattened end seal, said foil and its welded junction with said wire being embedded within said seal, and a pintype terminal fitted to said end seal, said terminal comprising a hollow cylindrical metal sleeve which sur rounds the outwardly-extending molybdenum wire and abuts the end of said end seal to form a well therewith,
  • brazing alloy substantially filling said well, said alloy contacting said end of said end seal and being in thermal and electrical contact with said wire, and a cylindrical ceramic sleeve cemented to the outer surface of said hollow metal sleeve, said ceramic sleeve having a longitudinally-slotted portion which embraces the end of said end seal.
  • said metallic sleeve is made from material containing a major proportion of copper and said brazing alloy is a silver content copper-brazing material.

Landscapes

  • Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Common Detailed Techniques For Electron Tubes Or Discharge Tubes (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
US00235758A 1971-04-07 1972-03-17 Electric lamps and discharge devices Expired - Lifetime US3778663A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB898171 1971-04-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3778663A true US3778663A (en) 1973-12-11

Family

ID=9863058

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00235758A Expired - Lifetime US3778663A (en) 1971-04-07 1972-03-17 Electric lamps and discharge devices

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3778663A (ja)
JP (2) JPS5433347Y2 (ja)
AU (1) AU463891B2 (ja)
CA (1) CA965138A (ja)
DE (1) DE7212987U (ja)
GB (1) GB1327363A (ja)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3868531A (en) * 1972-09-13 1975-02-25 Philips Corp Electric incandescent lamp and method of manufacturing same
US4050763A (en) * 1976-08-16 1977-09-27 Gte Sylvania Incorporated Base and socket means for an electron tube
EP0406948A1 (en) * 1989-07-04 1991-01-09 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Electric lamp
US20040080253A1 (en) * 2002-10-23 2004-04-29 Jurkovic Paul J. Seal and flag assembly for lamp base sidewire welding

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5435907U (ja) * 1977-08-15 1979-03-09
DE3934348A1 (de) * 1989-10-14 1991-04-25 Heraeus Instr Gmbh Elektrische entladungslampe
JPH0583354U (ja) * 1992-04-17 1993-11-12 本田技研工業株式会社 エンジンの吸気装置
DE102005048446A1 (de) 2005-10-07 2007-04-12 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Lampe

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3001096A (en) * 1959-07-02 1961-09-19 Gen Electric Terminal structure for double-ended lamps
US3001097A (en) * 1959-07-02 1961-09-19 Gen Electric Lamp base and terminal structure
US3448322A (en) * 1966-12-15 1969-06-03 Gen Electric Direct filament enclosed incandescent lamps and contact means therefor

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4324076Y1 (ja) * 1965-09-30 1968-10-09

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3001096A (en) * 1959-07-02 1961-09-19 Gen Electric Terminal structure for double-ended lamps
US3001097A (en) * 1959-07-02 1961-09-19 Gen Electric Lamp base and terminal structure
US3448322A (en) * 1966-12-15 1969-06-03 Gen Electric Direct filament enclosed incandescent lamps and contact means therefor

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3868531A (en) * 1972-09-13 1975-02-25 Philips Corp Electric incandescent lamp and method of manufacturing same
US4050763A (en) * 1976-08-16 1977-09-27 Gte Sylvania Incorporated Base and socket means for an electron tube
EP0406948A1 (en) * 1989-07-04 1991-01-09 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Electric lamp
US5039905A (en) * 1989-07-04 1991-08-13 U.S. Philips Corporation Welding connection for an electric lamp
US20040080253A1 (en) * 2002-10-23 2004-04-29 Jurkovic Paul J. Seal and flag assembly for lamp base sidewire welding
US6791250B2 (en) 2002-10-23 2004-09-14 Eye Lighting International Seal and flag assembly for lamp base sidewire welding

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU4080572A (en) 1973-10-11
JPS4727080U (ja) 1972-11-27
DE7212987U (de) 1972-08-24
CA965138A (en) 1975-03-25
GB1327363A (en) 1973-08-22
AU463891B2 (en) 1975-07-24
JPS5433347Y2 (ja) 1979-10-15
JPS54128381U (ja) 1979-09-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP3264189B2 (ja) 高圧金属蒸気放電ランプ
US6075314A (en) Metal-halide lamp with specific lead through structure
CA1181050A (en) Discharge lamp with mount providing self centering and thermal expansion compensation
JP2002304969A (ja) シュラウド付きの電球
US3778663A (en) Electric lamps and discharge devices
US3500105A (en) Incandescent lamp having a ceramic screw type base
US4126810A (en) Ceramic base for glass halogen lamps
US3448322A (en) Direct filament enclosed incandescent lamps and contact means therefor
EP0440402B1 (en) Discharge lamp
US3315216A (en) Lamp base and terminal structure
US5932969A (en) Discharge lamp
US4771207A (en) Discharge lamp assembly
EP0009970A1 (en) High-intensity discharge sodium lamps
US6590340B1 (en) High pressure discharge lamp with tungsten electrode rods having first and second parts
EP1040509A1 (en) High-pressure gas discharge lamp
JP3627367B2 (ja) セラミック放電灯
US2142841A (en) Insulating leading-in conductor
JP3407555B2 (ja) 光照射装置
EP0150503B1 (en) Incandescent lamp having two lead-in conductors sealed within one end thereof
GB1561919A (en) High pressure vapour discharge lamp
US7501766B2 (en) Lamp having an envelope with an oxidation resistant seal employing a unidirectional carbon fiber mat infiltrated with SiC
HU182834B (en) Electric current lead-in, preferably for discharge vessel of high-pressure gas-discharge light-sources
HU196014B (en) Current input wire of electric discharge lamp
US3249798A (en) Fuse in lead-in of incandescent lamp filament
JPH0711403Y2 (ja) 大出力白熱電球