US3771507A - Fuel injection systems - Google Patents

Fuel injection systems Download PDF

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Publication number
US3771507A
US3771507A US00185090A US3771507DA US3771507A US 3771507 A US3771507 A US 3771507A US 00185090 A US00185090 A US 00185090A US 3771507D A US3771507D A US 3771507DA US 3771507 A US3771507 A US 3771507A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
pressure
fuel
area
plunger
fuel pressure
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00185090A
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English (en)
Inventor
B Silvester
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Associated Engineering Ltd
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Associated Engineering Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Associated Engineering Ltd filed Critical Associated Engineering Ltd
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Publication of US3771507A publication Critical patent/US3771507A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/16—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for metering continuous fuel flow to injectors or means for varying fuel pressure upstream of continuously or intermittently operated injectors
    • F02M69/18—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for metering continuous fuel flow to injectors or means for varying fuel pressure upstream of continuously or intermittently operated injectors the means being metering valves throttling fuel passages to injectors or by-pass valves throttling overflow passages, the metering valves being actuated by a device responsive to the engine working parameters, e.g. engine load, speed, temperature or quantity of air

Definitions

  • a fuel injection system for injecting pressurised fuel into an inlet duct or manifold of an engine includes a fuel-flow metering Sept. 30, Great Blltall'l Orifice is fed the pressurised fuel and 521 US. Cl 123/139 AW, 123/140 MP which is exposed its downstream Side to the [51] Int. Cl.
  • This invention relates to a fuel injection system and to a fuel pressure regulator therefor.
  • a fuel injection system for injecting pressurised fuel into an inlet duct or manifold of an engine, including a fuel-flow metering orifice to be fed with the pressurised fuel and to be exposed on its downstream side to the pressure obtaining in the inlet duct, and including a fuel pressure regulator arranged to regulate the fuel to a pressure which exceeds the inlet duct pressure by an amount which increases with increasing inlet duct absolute pressure.
  • the supply of fuel to the orifice is periodically interrupted for predetermined times to control the flow of fuel.
  • the interruption of fuel supply is effected by a solenoid operated injector valve.
  • a fuel pressure regulator for use in a fuel injection system of the type arranged to inject pressurised fuel into an air duct or manifold of an engine, including a member having an area subject to the pressure of fuel to be regulated, the fuel pressure generating a force on the member tending to move it to open an aperture so as to reduce fuel pressure, and another area in the regulator exposed to the pressure of the air in the duct, the said other area being connected to the member in a manner which would generate a greater force on the member than the opposing force generated on the member by the first-mentioned area if both areas were subject to the same pressure.
  • the two areas are directly connected but the said other area is greater than the first-mentioned area.
  • a valve for regulating the pressure of liquid fuel fed to the injector in a fuel injection system ,of an internal combustion engine, has a body in which are formed fuel inlet and outlet passages 11, 12, respectively.
  • the passages 11, 12 are joined by a bore 13 which terminates in a larger concentric bore 14 adjacent the outlet passage 12.
  • the junction of the bores 13, 14 is a shoulder having a sharp corner 15.
  • a hollow cylindrical plunger 16 is an accurate sliding fit in the bore 13 and is urged towards the blind end 17 of the bore 13 by a low rate pre-compressed helical spring 18.
  • the spring 18 reacts against a thimble 19 mounted on the end of an adjusting screw 20.
  • the latter is screwed into an end cap 21 which is held to the body 10 by a nut 22 to close the outlet end of the bores 13, 14.
  • the plunger 16 has a circumferential groove 23 formed with a sharp corner 24 which aligns with the sharp corner when the plunger 16 is in contact with the blind end 17 of the body 10.
  • the groove 23 communicates with the inlet passage 11 by longitudinal grooves 25 formed in the plunger 16.
  • Fuel having passed through the regulating aperture escapes through the larger bore 14 and outlet passage 12.
  • the interior of the plunger 16 and the end space 28 of the bore 14 adjacent the end cap 21 is vented to inlet manifold pressure through a bore 26 in the adjusting screw 20 which is locked by a lock nut 27.
  • the plunger 16 is sealed to the body 10 by a rubber-like or other suitable diaphragm 29.
  • the diaphragm 29 is held against an end face of the body 10 by a spacer sleeve 40, which is trapped by a further rubber-like diaphragm 41 and the end cap 21.
  • the diaphragm 29 is held against the right hand end face of the plunger 16 by a shouldered sleeve 42 screwed into the plunger 16, and the further diaphragm 41 is sealed by a shouldered sleeve 30, screwed into the shouldered sleeve 42.
  • the plunger 16 Downstream of the regulating aperture the plunger 16 has a reduced diameter portion 31. Any backpressure obtaining in the outlet passage 12 will act on the difference in area between the plunger 16 at the sharp shoulder 24 and at the reduced diameter portion 31 to produce force tending to urge the plunger 16 towards the left in the FIGURE. Simultaneously the outlet back-pressure acts on the diaphragm 29 to produce a force on the plunger 16 tending to move the latter to the right. By careful selection of the inner and outer diameters of that part of the diaphragm 29 exposed to the outlet back-pressure, it is possible to equate the opposing forces on the plunger 16 due to the outlet back-pressure. By this means the pressure regulating valve will adjust the pressure on its inlet passage 11 to a value which is substantially independent of any variations in the pressure of the fuel passing through the outlet passage 12.
  • the space 43 between the diaphragms 29 and 41 is connected by a passage 44 and pipe 45 to a source of pressure which is sufficiently constant in comparison with the fuel and inlet manifold pressures.
  • a source of pressure may be a container having a high vacuum sealed within, or in some cases could be atmospheric pressure.
  • the effective cross-sectional area of the diaphragm 29 is equal to the cross-sectional area of the sharp corners l5 and 24. It will also be apparent that the effective cross-sectional area of the diaphragm 41 and the attached plunger 16 which is exposed to the inlet manifold pressure is greater than the cross-sectional area of the sharp comer 15.
  • the pressure of fuel in the inlet 11 will move the plunger 16 until the force on the plunger due to fuel pressure balances the net force on the plunger due to other causes.
  • the force due to the fuel equals the fuel pressure multiplied by the cross-sectional area of the shoulder 15.
  • the net force due to other causes equals the force due to the spring 18 (substantially constant) plus the pressure in the space 43 multiplied by the difference in effective cross-sectional areas of the diaphragms 29, 41 (also substantially constant) plus the inlet manifold pressure multiplied by the effective cross-sectional area of the diaphragm 41 and plunger 16.
  • any other suitable type of axially-free seal could be used such as the sleeve 42 having an enlarged left-hand end and sliding in a corresponding bore in the body 10.
  • the areas subject to fuel pressure and inlet manifold pressure respectively could be of equal size but the area subject to the inlet manifold pressure could be connected to the plunger 16 by a force-multiplying lever or equivalent system.
  • a fuel pressure regulator for use in a fuel injection system arranged to inject fuel into a duct in an engine, said regulator comprising,
  • a surface in said regulator having a second area ex-- posed to the pressure of air in said duct and positioned to generate a force on said member in response to said air pressure urging said member to close said aperture and thereby increase said fuel pressure
  • the surface having said second area transmits to said movable member a force which is greater in proportion to the pressure exerted by said air on said second area than the force generated by said fuel on said member in proportion to the fuel pressure to which said first area is exposed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
US00185090A 1970-09-30 1971-09-30 Fuel injection systems Expired - Lifetime US3771507A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB4659470 1970-09-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3771507A true US3771507A (en) 1973-11-13

Family

ID=10441873

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00185090A Expired - Lifetime US3771507A (en) 1970-09-30 1971-09-30 Fuel injection systems

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3771507A (Direct)
AU (1) AU3394271A (Direct)
CA (1) CA937471A (Direct)
DE (1) DE2148500A1 (Direct)
FR (1) FR2108747A5 (Direct)
GB (1) GB1320187A (Direct)
IT (1) IT938694B (Direct)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2736317A1 (de) * 1976-08-18 1978-02-23 Cummins Engine Co Inc Kraftstoffsystem fuer motoren mit verdichtungszuendung
US4497300A (en) * 1978-12-13 1985-02-05 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine
US20120312395A1 (en) * 2010-02-10 2012-12-13 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fluid pressure regulation apparatus and fuel supply apparatus
US9777637B2 (en) 2012-03-08 2017-10-03 General Electric Company Gas turbine fuel flow measurement using inert gas

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2908792A1 (de) 1979-03-07 1980-09-11 Bosch Gmbh Robert Steuereinrichtung fuer brennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere ladedruckabhaengiger vollastanschlag fuer aufgeladene fahrzeug-dieselmotoren
JPS56132454A (en) 1980-03-24 1981-10-16 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Fuel injector

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2924206A (en) * 1956-07-12 1960-02-09 Gen Motors Corp Fuel injection system
US3319613A (en) * 1965-06-03 1967-05-16 Electronic Specialty Co Fuel injection system
US3543739A (en) * 1967-10-11 1970-12-01 Brev Etudes S I B E De Fuel feed device for an internal combustion engine
US3596640A (en) * 1968-04-05 1971-08-03 Brico Eng Fuel injection systems for internal combustion engines

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2924206A (en) * 1956-07-12 1960-02-09 Gen Motors Corp Fuel injection system
US3319613A (en) * 1965-06-03 1967-05-16 Electronic Specialty Co Fuel injection system
US3543739A (en) * 1967-10-11 1970-12-01 Brev Etudes S I B E De Fuel feed device for an internal combustion engine
US3596640A (en) * 1968-04-05 1971-08-03 Brico Eng Fuel injection systems for internal combustion engines

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2736317A1 (de) * 1976-08-18 1978-02-23 Cummins Engine Co Inc Kraftstoffsystem fuer motoren mit verdichtungszuendung
US4095572A (en) * 1976-08-18 1978-06-20 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Fuel system for compression ignition engine
US4497300A (en) * 1978-12-13 1985-02-05 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine
US20120312395A1 (en) * 2010-02-10 2012-12-13 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fluid pressure regulation apparatus and fuel supply apparatus
US8695571B2 (en) * 2010-02-10 2014-04-15 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fluid pressure regulation apparatus and fuel supply apparatus
US9777637B2 (en) 2012-03-08 2017-10-03 General Electric Company Gas turbine fuel flow measurement using inert gas

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA937471A (en) 1973-11-27
DE2148500A1 (de) 1972-04-06
IT938694B (it) 1973-02-10
AU3394271A (en) 1973-04-05
FR2108747A5 (Direct) 1972-05-19
GB1320187A (en) 1973-06-13

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