US3765184A - Device and method for the attachment of pipelines to an underwater surface - Google Patents

Device and method for the attachment of pipelines to an underwater surface Download PDF

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Publication number
US3765184A
US3765184A US00183919A US3765184DA US3765184A US 3765184 A US3765184 A US 3765184A US 00183919 A US00183919 A US 00183919A US 3765184D A US3765184D A US 3765184DA US 3765184 A US3765184 A US 3765184A
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Prior art keywords
boom
pipeline
clip
bed
underwater
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US00183919A
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English (en)
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L Menard
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DES PETROLES AND TECHNIQUES LOUIS MENARD CO FR
PETROLES AND TECH LOUIS MENARD
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PETROLES AND TECH LOUIS MENARD
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L1/00—Laying or reclaiming pipes; Repairing or joining pipes on or under water
    • F16L1/12—Laying or reclaiming pipes on or under water
    • F16L1/20—Accessories therefor, e.g. floats, weights
    • F16L1/201—Anchor rods

Definitions

  • a buoyant boom is attached to a floating line to be guided down to the pipeline.
  • the floating line is secured to the pipeline by a clip that can utilize compressed air to penetrate the underwater bed.
  • the buoyancy of the boom can be controlled to regulate both ascent and descent.
  • a sled like base member is attached to the boom by a cardan joint and carries both a source of compressed air and a control panel.
  • a television system can be utilized to monitor the control panel and the actual sinking of inverted L-shaped piles by a vibro-piledriver.
  • the present invention relates to a device for the automatic (pile) driving of anchoring means into an ocean bottom for holding a conduit, such as a pipeline, for example, resting on the bottom, aswell as the method for implementing the attachment.
  • Another method consists of using piles whose circumference surrounding the pipeline is prolonged by two plates each of which is attached by means of an anchor driven in by explosives.
  • the gun permitting this method of anchoring does not, however reduce the work that has to be done underwater and the application of this method is both expensive and laborious.
  • Another method consists of anchoring piles with the help of a vibration-piledriver which is lowered to the ocean bottom.
  • anchoring means one can also use augers, but regardless of the method adopted, the diver is forced to do heavy work so that it is necessary in general to prepare two advance holes for the two anchoring devices, and furthermore, it is necessary in each case, to place a collar and finally, if the terrain constituting the underwaterbottom is inclined, there are considerable place ment difficulties. These difficulties are all the more annoying when the bottom, on which the pipelines must be attached, is a submarine bottom, the means for implementing these methods this involving hoists on the surface vessel which must then be equipped with an antiramming device so as to facilitate intervention on the bottom in case of a surface surge.
  • the primary objective of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for driving anchoring means into an underwater bottom characterized by a base plate for the purpose of putting it into working position on the underwater bottom, a boom to support a device for the driving of an anchoring means, a cardan joint connecting the base plate to the boom, and a ballast equipped with its own control means that comes in one piece with the upper part of the boom.
  • This apparatus makes it possible to eliminate the in conveniences of the methods mentioned above and furthermore offers a series of unexpected advantages such as the ease of access to the place where the anchoring means are to be put down, the instantaneous and stable placement of the apparatus on the underwater bottom itself even if the latter is not properly flat, the relative independence of the apparatus from the vessel, and the possibility of performing a vertical pile driving operation, even in case the apparatus is not set up horizontally.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus of this type, using as anchoring means a hook possessing an upright arm, a head for the purpose of capping the upper portion of the pipeline, and an anchoring shovel which can be moved around an axis attached to the lower end of the upright arm.
  • Such a combination is worthwhile because it enables us to use a simple vibro-piledriver apparatus as the driving device and to accomplish the simple and effective attachment of the pipelines with a single operation of the vibro-piledriver, which at the same time, prevents upward and lateral movement of the pipelines while eliminating any possibility of the withdrawal of the attachment means.
  • Another object of the invention is a device of this type in which the base plate, which, at its base, involves at least one means of attachment to the pipeline so as to place the apparatus in a predetermined position with respect to the pipeline, furthermore comprises at least one passage for the placement and driving of the anchoring means for the attachment of the pipeline.
  • ballast involves a bell whose upper portion comprises an opening with a tube open at its ends, sliding in a tight fashion in the opening, means to make the tube slide in the opening, means for the detection of the water level inside the bell, the means being carried by the sliding tube, a valve controlling the admission of air into the interior of the bell, and water level detection means controlling the opening and closing of the valve.
  • the buoyancy of the ballast depends essentially on the position ofa tube with respect to the water level, and it sufficesto vary its position with respect to a reference marker attached to the bell so as to multiply the positive or negative buoyancy of the apparatus.
  • Another object of this invention is an apparatus of this type, involving means for connection with a surface vessel, including means for the transmission of the energy necessary for the control of the driving device and of the means for the control of the position of the tube sliding in the ballast, as well as a means for surface transmission of the indication of the level of water in the ballast.
  • Another object of this invention is a method of using the placement apparatus described above, according to which a removable clip is attached to the pipeline to be immobilized on the underwater bottom.
  • the end of each arm of the clip has a cable, equipped at its other end with a float which is inflated under the water and which the cable keeps at a certain level below the surface of the water and in a zone where the effect of the water surge is no longer felt.
  • Placement apparatus is slid along the cables, and the descent speed of the apparatus is controlled by the buoyancy of the ballast.
  • Another object of this invention is a method of this type where we roll up the cables on a reel whose assembly is connected to a float which is inflated underwater after the placement of the removable clip.
  • FIG. I is a schematic elevation and front view of the apparatus
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic profile view of the apparatus
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the frame of the ballast of the apparatus
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic inside view of the ballast of the apparatus after the removal ofa portion of the external and internal lateral walls;
  • FIGS. 5a and 5b are the respective plan and elevation views of a detail of the means for the attachment of the device for the control of the ballast;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view showing the devices incorporated in the base plate and at the base of the boom of the apparatus;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of the pendulum mounted in the boom
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the table for the automatic attachment of the apparatus controls
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the apparatus control (piloting) post
  • FIG. 10 is a view illustrating the placement of the removable clip
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic elevation view of the removable clip
  • FIG. 12 is a view of the cross section made along line XII-XII in FIG. 11, with the arms of the clip removed; I
  • the two cables 7, attached to the ends of the arms of a clip 1, are held by an appropriate float 8, FIG. 15, situated at a level below the surface zone which is affected by waves.
  • a supplementary float whose only purpose is to serve as reference marker for the place where the anchoring means of pipeline 121 are being driven in.
  • Hanger or seat 94 is made in one piece with boom by a cardan joint 98, FIG. 6, connecting the brace 132 of hanger 94 to the base of boom 115.
  • the boom 115 can be made up of tubular elements assembled so as to form a prism with a triangular base, for example, the axis of the boom coinciding with the vertical axis of the cardan joint when the boom is vertical.
  • ballast 11 At the top of the boom 115, there is ballast 11 whose inside frame 113 has been shown in FIG. 3. The operation of the members serving the ballast has been shown in FIG. 4.
  • Frame 133 consists preferably of an assembly of perforated panels 134 made of polyester and welded with araldite, for example.
  • three panels 134 ensure the rigidity of the assembly made up of lower ring-shaped panel 135, upper ringshaped panel 136, and central tube 137.
  • the panels 134, as well as tube 137, present large openings so as rapidly to .regulate the flow of water or air introduced into the ballast.
  • the lower panel 135 has likewise large openings in the shape of a portion of a ring, serving to provide direct communication between the internal portion of the ballast and the environment into which it is submerged. Each one of these openings is preferably arranged between two panels 134. Panels 134 and 136 serve as support for wall 138, FIG. 4. of ballast 11.
  • One of the panels 134 also serves as a support for the ballast control mechanisms contained in bores 103, and the upper portion of boom 115 is attached to the upper portion of ballast l1 and serves as support for two tight boxes 56 and 58.
  • ballast 11 has four small lateral upper openings 139, each serving for the ejection of compressed air under the control of an individual electric valve placed in a box such as 103.
  • An upper opening permits the placement of a bearing 42 made of erlaton which traverses a tube 37 made of polyvinyl chloride.
  • a toric joint 43 preferably made of teflon provides tightness for the guidance device of tube 37.
  • This tube is made in one piece with a movement mechanism by means of an erlaton collar 35, more visible in FIGS. 5a and 5b.
  • This collar is kept tight on tube 37 by screw 38.
  • a runner or slider 39 made in one piece with collar 35, is attached by ties 149 to the ends of a loop of cable 31 made of steel and sheathed with nylon.
  • Runner 39 made of stainless steel, for example, has a permanent magnet 40 whose role will be explained later on. This magnet slides in a groove made in the fixed slide 41, FIG. 4.
  • Collar 35 furthermore carries two electrodes 36, each being connected to an electric cable, these cables being shown schematically by casing 54.
  • switches 44 which can be carried by fixed slide 41. These switches, controlled by the passage of the permanent magnet 40, are well known in themselves and therefore are shown only schematically at 44.
  • each one of the circuits shown by cables is supplied, for example, with 24-V alternating current and, with its switch, involves a bulb 46, which is visible on plate 25, FIG. 8.
  • this plate is submerged in a flexible transparent tube 47 filled with oil and it is a part of the on-board table 48, attached to hanger 94, FIG. 6, of the appara tus.
  • the movement of collar 35, upward or downward, is performed with the help of endless cable 31 whose tension is kept constant by an extensible rubber spring 32 attached to copper eyelets 33 and set by cleats 34.
  • the endless cable is moved by an electrical motor which is enclosed in oil inside a tight chamber 140, the oil being kept at thepressure of the surrounding environment by means of a membrane. By means of a reducing gear, the motor moves a drum on which cable 31 is reeled.
  • Chamber 140 is preferably made of polyvinyl chloride.
  • Cable 131 in fact involves several circuits so as, by means of button 124, to bring about the rapid rotation of the motor that moves the cable 31in the rising direction, and, by means of button 125, its slow rotation, and by means of buttons 126 and 127, the rotation of the motor so as to move cable 31 inthe opposite direction, button 126 here controlling the slow rotation and 127 the rapid rotation.
  • the motor is preferably supplied by means of a direct current of 12 or 6 volts.
  • the assembly of the slide 41, the collar 35, cable 31, andtightchamber 140 is preferably arranged on a removable plate 49 which 'is introduced into the ballast and which is maintained with the help of blocks or wedges 51. It is attached to the ballast by an inoxidable steel bolt 52 going through wedge 53.
  • Relay 62 thus placed in operation brings about the excitation of an electromagnetic relay 63 which is supplied with 24 volts, one of whose contacts closes a circuit supplied with 220 volts and controlling electric valve 64.
  • the electric valve controls the opening of a compressed air circuit 55 coming from two bottles 114, placed on either side of seat 94, FIG. 6.
  • the air released at 61 increases the captive air volume of the ballast and causes the water level to drop. Electrodes 36 are no longer in contact with the water and circuit 54 is opened, bringing about the de-excitation of relays 62 and 63 and consequently the stoppage of electric valve 64 which, by virtue of this fact, cuts off the air flow.
  • tight boxes 56 and 58 contain, respectively, on the one hand, the relay 62 and its supply 65 and, on the other hand, relay 63 and electric valve 64, both of them supplied by compressed air circuit 55.
  • Container 56 can be made or erlaton, and the passages of cables 54 and 57 into its lid are maintained tight by means of glueing with araldite.
  • the lid can be bolted onto the body of the container and the tightness of the junction is ensured, for example, by a toric joint.
  • Chamber 58 is preferably made of stratified polyvinyl chloride. It is filled with oil that is kept at the pressure of its ambient environment by means of a membrane. 7
  • the passages for electric cables 57 and 59, as well as the passages of the air pipelines 55 and 61, are made tight by a polyester resin.
  • the chambers 56 and 58 are suspended from rings 71 which come in one piece with boom 115 by means of elastic rubber springs with the help of a mounting similar to the one shown at in FIG. 6.
  • Boom 115 carries, in its lower portion and above cardan joint 98, a container 97, FIG. 6, suspended from elastic rubber springs 99 between collars 100 and the boom.
  • FIG. 7 shows a pendulum control means. Body 101 is magnetized and, depending upon the inclination of the boom, makes it possible to close one or the other of the four switches 102 which are distributed over a circle at an interval of 90.
  • Each switch 102 controls the marker 91 which is assigned to it and'which is on the on-board table 48, FIG. 8.
  • Each switch controls, in parallel with the marker 91 assigned to it, an electric valve contained in the boxes 103, FIG. 4.
  • the selected opening 139 arranged in the upper portion of the lateral wall 138 of the ballast, releases a flow of compressed air from circuit 55, 55a the moment the electric valve in the box 103 corresponding to the selected opening is moved. The thrust produced by the reaction if the air straightens out the boom in the proper direction.
  • a vibro-piledriver 104 placed in its bell 105 as shown in FIG. 1, is kept at the head of the boom by a finger 106 which butts into a'plate 107 welded on the boom.
  • a camera whose lens is placed in the axis of the port-hole of the tight caisson 77, makes it possible, by means of the cable 17, to transmit the coaxial images observed.
  • Caisson 77 is suspended from a rubber extensible spring 85, stretched between collars 86 and frame 87.
  • This table is made of transparent polyvinyl chloride so as not to conceal the rear plan which is in the field of vision of the camera.
  • control lamps 46 which indicate the buoyancy
  • lamps 91 which indicate the vertical position of the boom
  • bathymeter 88 which enables the operator to follow and control the descent of the apparatus, and the markers 89 and 90.
  • Marker 89 lights up the moment hanger 94, astride pipeline 121, activates a pedal 95, FIG. 6, carrying a magnet whose function is to close a contact, not shown here, establishing the circuit of the marker 89.
  • Marker 90 lights up the moment pedal 111 FIG. 6, is activated at the end of the course of the vibropiledriver, that is to say, when the latter has completely driven in the hook 110, FIG. 1.
  • the central control post which is located on the surface, on board a ship, is connected to the apparatus by a rope 114, FIG. 15, combining the cables 131 and 17 and pipelines for the electric and hydraulic power supply.
  • These pipelines are up of two pipelines with a large diameter for control of the vibro-piledriver device 104, FIG. 1, controlled by the handle 130 of the central control post, FIG. 9; two pipelines with average cross section for the control of jack 108, FIG. 1, controlled by handle 129, FIG. 9; one pipeline for the drainage of the leaks from device 104, FIG. 1; and one pipeline for the control of the hydraulic anvil 109, controlled by handle 128, FIG. 9.
  • the rope 231 furthermore involves a coaxial cable 17, FIG. 8, for the video circuits and an electrical cable 18 involving the conductors with singlephase 220-volt current and l2-volt direct current.
  • a neoprene joint 22 guarantees the tightness of the lid of box 20.
  • the apparatus thus made enables us to use a new method for the attachment of pipelines to an underwater bottom.
  • the method may, be used with any kind of commercially available clips designed to serve as a means for anchoring two guide cables that are stretched by means of one or more floats.
  • the means described below can, with regard to the method itself, be replaced by any kind of clip 1, two cables 7, and at least one float 8, FIG. 15.
  • a diver descends down to the pipeline 121 to be attached to the ocean bottom and ties clip 1 to the tube.
  • a clip such as shown in greater detail in FIGS. 11 and 12.
  • the curved-backends of arms 3 and 4 of the clip are tapered so as to facilitate the penetration of the ends into the ground and furthermore involve an internal channel 6 which comes out on the oblique sections 3a and 4a, which give the ends the desired tapered form.
  • Connection 5a can receive connection 10, FIG.
  • valve 13 equipped with a valve 13 and connected by tube 72 to a compressed air container 9.
  • the opening of valve 13 makes it possible to inject compressed air into the bottom on which rests the pipeline 121, as shown in FIG. 10, thus facilitating the penetration of the ends of the clip 1. We can thus achieve a good tie-up, even when the pipeline is already sunk into the ground.
  • a rubber extensible spring 73 can also be attached to the ends of arms 3 and 4 of clip 1, FIG. 15.
  • Reels 74 are then unwound as the float 8 rises.
  • piston 29, FIG. 14 moves toward the outside, releasing rod 30. Since the highpressure air exerts a greater force than the spring 24, piston 75 compresses the sring, releasing the wedging blocks 76, FIG. 13, which block the guide cables 7.
  • the level at which the reels, supporting the guide cables 7, are submerged is so selected as to avoid any disturbance caused by waves, and float 70 only acts as a signaling device here.
  • This hook preferably in its upper portion has a shovel 112, FIG. 16, which is capable of moving away from the plane containing the axis of the riser a so that, due to the action of the underwater currents or any other action, hook 110 cannot be shifted and release the pipeline which it mustkeep in place.
  • shovel 112 is made in one piece with axis 113, traversing the end of riser 110a.
  • the edges 112a can have a certain inclination.
  • the diver attaches the bearings 12 of hanger 94 around cables 7, FIG. 15, and the operator submerges the apparatus from his control station 19.
  • the television screen enables him to read all of the indications furnished by the control lamps of the placephases of the operations described above and consequently to trigger the release of the vibro-piledriver only after he has made sure that the boom is vertical and that the placement of the apparatus is correct on the basisof the fact that marker 89 is lit up. Moreover, if, following the release of the vibro-piledriver, the boom should assume a bad inclination, the operator could begin this operation all over again and in any fashion whatsoever act upon the vertical position of the boom, as described earlier.
  • the diver then increases the buoyancy of bell 105 of the vibropiledriver by opening cock 214, FIG. 1. thus releasing a circuit of high-pressure air.
  • the diver can then disengage cables 7 from bearings 12, FIG. 15 and give weight back to the vibro-piledriver assembly by partially emptying bell 105 with the help of cock 117.
  • a valve 79, FIG. 13, enables him to make the float 8 heavier and to bring it back down in preparation for attaching the removable clip at the next site.
  • means for guiding the vibro-piledriver device, moving parallel to the axis of the boom can be any whatsoever and the materials indicated as constituting the various parts of the apparatus can be replaced by equivalent materials.
  • the vibro-piledriver device can be'replaced by any other control device and especially by a rotation control member, the invention residing in the means described above, which serve as mobile support for said device supported by the boom.
  • the invention residing in the means described above, which serve as mobile support for said device supported by the boom.
  • Apparatus for the placement and anchoring of underwater pipelines to the bed of a body of water comprising:
  • means for connecting the boom to a pipeline comprising a first means connecting the pipeline to the float and a second means for sliding the boom on the first means
  • ballast tank means connected to the upper portion of the boom, and
  • control means for remotely controlling the buoyancy of the ballast tank means and of the embedding means, whereby the apparatus can be easily moved from anchor point to anchor point along the pipeline.
  • Apparatus as in claim 1, where the means connecting the pipeline to the float include a clip member and at least one line, whereby the boom can be connected to the line and slid into place adjacent the pipeline.
  • Apparatus as in claim 1, where the means for connecting the pipeline to the underwater bed include a substantially inverted L-shaped pile.
  • Apparatus as in claim 1 further including a sled like base member capable of being removably mounted over the pipeline and connected to the boom by a cardan joint.
  • Apparatus as in claim 1 further including means mounted on the boom for detecting departures from verticality in any direction and means operatively connected thereto for vertically aligning the boom by thursts of compressed air.
  • the means for embedding the connecting means is a vibro-piledriver device having a jack placed under a bell, the bell having a high-pressure air intake valve so as to increase its buoyancy and an air evacuation valve so as to reduce it, the boom supporting the vibro-piledriver device and having a locking mechanism and a stop in its upper portion cooperating with the locking mechanism which is controlled by the jack of the vibro-piledriver device, the jack having a hydraulic anvil cooperating with the connecting means, so that, during the unlocking of the locking mechanism, the assembly of the vibropiledriver, anvil, and anchoring means will fall parallel to the boom.
  • Apparatus as in claim 2 where the clip member is hollow and a source of compressed air can be connected to the clip so as to permit the compressed air to be blown through the hollow interior of the clip, thereby facilitating connection of the clip to a partially embedded pipeline.
  • a method of anchoring an underwater pipeline to a bed of a body of water comprising the steps of:
  • Apparatus for the placement and anchoring of underwater pipeline to the bed of a body of water comprising:
  • a remotely controlled ballast tank means connected to the upper portion of the boom;
  • control means for remotely controlling the buoyancy of the ballast tank means and of the embedding means, whereby the apparatus can be easily moved from anchor point to anchor point along the pipeline.
  • the remotely controlled ballast tank means further includes a sliding collar member and a pair of electrodes mounted thereon for determining the relative position of water in the ballast tank and generating a signal to the control means.
  • ballast tank means contains an internal framework surrounding a perforated cylindrical tube capping the boom and radially perforated panels serving as support for the outside walls of the tank.
  • the remotely controlled ballast tank means has an opening in its upper wall, a tube with both ends open sliding in a sealing fashion in the opening, means to make the tube slide in the opening, a valve for the admission of air into the interior of the ballast tank means, and water level detection means controlling the closing of the valve.
  • ballast tank means contains a thick slide carrying a series of contacts closing or opening an electrical circuit including an indicator marker in case of the passage of the means for the detection of the water level opposite the contact.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
US00183919A 1971-03-08 1971-09-27 Device and method for the attachment of pipelines to an underwater surface Expired - Lifetime US3765184A (en)

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FR7107866A FR2128893A5 (it) 1971-03-08 1971-03-08

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US (1) US3765184A (it)
JP (1) JPS513121B1 (it)
CA (1) CA951922A (it)
DE (1) DE2152964A1 (it)
FR (1) FR2128893A5 (it)
GB (1) GB1376633A (it)
IT (1) IT946773B (it)
NL (1) NL7116698A (it)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3841105A (en) * 1973-04-09 1974-10-15 G Cannon Method and apparatus for anchoring underwater pipelines
US4126191A (en) * 1977-06-03 1978-11-21 Raymond International Inc. Gas discharge type underwater hammer with liquid purge and reflood control
US4127006A (en) * 1975-10-03 1978-11-28 Oosterkamp Johannes F Method and equipment for installing marine pipelines to extremely great water depth
US4146345A (en) * 1976-10-29 1979-03-27 Saipem, S.P.A. Apparatus for and method of supporting pipelines suspended over depressions in the sea bed
US4175269A (en) * 1974-05-15 1979-11-20 Dimetri Rebikoff Underwater TV surveillance of pipelines
US8395779B2 (en) * 2011-06-08 2013-03-12 The Boeing Company Laser surveillance system
ITMI20111779A1 (it) * 2011-09-30 2013-03-31 Saipem Spa Metodo e sistema per fissare una tubazione sul letto di un corpo d'acqua

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JPS52127321U (it) * 1976-03-25 1977-09-28
JPS52152127U (it) * 1976-05-14 1977-11-18
JPS53111933U (it) * 1977-02-15 1978-09-06
IT1166864B (it) * 1979-05-29 1987-05-06 Saipem Spa Apparecchiatura perfezionata per il supporto di tubazioni sospese su avvallamenti situati anche a grandi profondita' del mare e metodo perfezionato per l'installazione di essa
GB2176153B (en) * 1985-06-10 1988-10-12 Nobuhiko Miyanagi Underwater ground working apparatus
GB2582767B (en) * 2019-04-01 2021-10-27 Subsea 7 Norway As Controlling movement of subsea pipelines
CN115534151B (zh) * 2022-11-03 2023-08-22 浙江矽盛电子有限公司 一种太阳能电池用的单晶硅棒制造切断装置

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US3280782A (en) * 1965-05-24 1966-10-25 North American Aviation Inc Marine anchor
US3479830A (en) * 1967-04-20 1969-11-25 Global Divers & Contractors In Anchoring machine
US3517520A (en) * 1968-06-20 1970-06-30 Shell Oil Co Method of connecting underwater pipelines
US3568455A (en) * 1968-12-23 1971-03-09 Robert E Mclaughlin Method of laying pipe in or on a bed of particle material or in a trench

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US3280782A (en) * 1965-05-24 1966-10-25 North American Aviation Inc Marine anchor
US3479830A (en) * 1967-04-20 1969-11-25 Global Divers & Contractors In Anchoring machine
US3517520A (en) * 1968-06-20 1970-06-30 Shell Oil Co Method of connecting underwater pipelines
US3568455A (en) * 1968-12-23 1971-03-09 Robert E Mclaughlin Method of laying pipe in or on a bed of particle material or in a trench

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3841105A (en) * 1973-04-09 1974-10-15 G Cannon Method and apparatus for anchoring underwater pipelines
US4175269A (en) * 1974-05-15 1979-11-20 Dimetri Rebikoff Underwater TV surveillance of pipelines
US4127006A (en) * 1975-10-03 1978-11-28 Oosterkamp Johannes F Method and equipment for installing marine pipelines to extremely great water depth
US4146345A (en) * 1976-10-29 1979-03-27 Saipem, S.P.A. Apparatus for and method of supporting pipelines suspended over depressions in the sea bed
US4126191A (en) * 1977-06-03 1978-11-21 Raymond International Inc. Gas discharge type underwater hammer with liquid purge and reflood control
US8395779B2 (en) * 2011-06-08 2013-03-12 The Boeing Company Laser surveillance system
ITMI20111779A1 (it) * 2011-09-30 2013-03-31 Saipem Spa Metodo e sistema per fissare una tubazione sul letto di un corpo d'acqua
WO2013046184A1 (en) * 2011-09-30 2013-04-04 Saipem S.P.A. Method and system for securing a pipeline to the bed of a body of water
US9243721B2 (en) 2011-09-30 2016-01-26 Saipem S.P.A. Method and system for securing a pipeline to the bed of a body of water
AU2012317208B2 (en) * 2011-09-30 2016-10-20 Saipem S.P.A Method and system for securing a pipeline to the bed of a body of water

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NL7116698A (it) 1972-09-12
CA951922A (en) 1974-07-30
FR2128893A5 (it) 1972-10-27
DE2152964A1 (de) 1972-09-14
GB1376633A (en) 1974-12-11
JPS513121B1 (it) 1976-01-31
IT946773B (it) 1973-05-21

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