US3760463A - Device for closing filled sacks and bags - Google Patents

Device for closing filled sacks and bags Download PDF

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Publication number
US3760463A
US3760463A US00234148A US3760463DA US3760463A US 3760463 A US3760463 A US 3760463A US 00234148 A US00234148 A US 00234148A US 3760463D A US3760463D A US 3760463DA US 3760463 A US3760463 A US 3760463A
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Prior art keywords
neck
plate
opening
slot
stirrup
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00234148A
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W Schneider
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D33/00—Details of, or accessories for, sacks or bags
    • B65D33/16—End- or aperture-closing arrangements or devices
    • B65D33/1616—Elements constricting the neck of the bag
    • B65D33/1625—Small plates or the like made of one piece and presenting slits or a central aperture to jam the neck of the bag
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T24/00—Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc.
    • Y10T24/15—Bag fasteners
    • Y10T24/155—Resilient slot bag tie
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T24/00—Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc.
    • Y10T24/44—Clasp, clip, support-clamp, or required component thereof
    • Y10T24/44641—Clasp, clip, support-clamp, or required component thereof having gripping member formed from, biased by, or mounted on resilient member
    • Y10T24/44769—Opposed engaging faces on gripping member formed from single piece of resilient material
    • Y10T24/44872—Opposed engaging faces on gripping member formed from single piece of resilient material having specific handle structure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T24/00—Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc.
    • Y10T24/44—Clasp, clip, support-clamp, or required component thereof
    • Y10T24/44641—Clasp, clip, support-clamp, or required component thereof having gripping member formed from, biased by, or mounted on resilient member
    • Y10T24/44769—Opposed engaging faces on gripping member formed from single piece of resilient material
    • Y10T24/44906—Opposed engaging faces on gripping member formed from single piece of resilient material having specific surface irregularity on or along engaging face
    • Y10T24/44915—Corrugated or toothed face

Definitions

  • 24/305, 24/264 A devi e for closing filled sacks and bags, such as re- [51 Int. Cl B6561 77/ 10 fu sacks, has a flat clamping plate with an opening to [58] Field Of Search 24/305 R, 30.5 P, accommodate the gathered of twisted neck of the sack 24/305 255 and accessible from the outside via resiliently spread- 150/3 able gap in the plate.
  • a carrying grip is formed by the web of a stirrup and two legs of the latter converge to- References Cited wards the sides of the grip in the direction of the plate.
  • Such closing devices are objectionable in objection that they are suitable only for small and light bags, and not for heavy sacks such as refuse sacks.
  • the clamping plate To ensure that the neck of the sack does not slip out of the opening in the case of heavy sacks, the clamping plate must have a powerful clamping action. Accordingly sufficiently strong pressure must be exerted to extend the gap and push the gathered or twisted neck of the sack therethrough.
  • the clamping plate is provided with a stirrup-shaped member having two legs converging toward the clamping plate on either side of the gap, with the insides of the legs leading straight into the gap which in turn leads into the opening.
  • the structure according to the invention not only facilitates fitting the closure on the neck of the sack, but also makes it easy and convenient to lift up the sack and carry it away.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view of the device for use once only, in particular for refuse sacks;
  • FIG. 2 shows the device on a full sack in a sectional view taken on line II II of FIG.1;
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic representation of the device as applied to a full sack, on a reduced scale
  • FIG. 4 is a first detail as modified to FIG.1;
  • FIG. 5 is a second detail as modified to FIG.1;
  • FIG. 6 is a front view of the device for repeated use, suitable for bags and light sacks.
  • FIG. 7 shows a side view of the device illustrated in FIG.6 with the two halves twisted out of the plane of the plate.
  • the device includes a clamping plate, designated 1, consisting of resilient material, with a central opening ⁇ whose inside edge is provided with serrations 2. Said opening serves to accommodate the neck 4 of a refuse sack 4 which is to be closed upon gathering or twisting of the neck.
  • the clamping plate 1 has a gap 5 for introducing the neck 4 of the sack. This gap is partially obstructed by two points 6 acting as barbs which prevent the neck of the sack from moving out of the clamping plate once it is introduced.
  • a stirrup-shaped part 7 which has a web 7a serving as a carrying handle and two legs 7b converging towards the clamping plate to each side of gap 5 at the acute angle a so that their inside surfaces 7c lead straight into the gap 5.
  • the clamping plate is provided with strengthening ribs 9 extending at right angles to its plane, which resist any twisting of the clamping plate from its plane.
  • the neck 4' of the sack On introducing the neck 4' of the sack into the opening 3, the twisted or gathered neck is first drawn through the inside space 8 encompassed by stirrup 7; the neck of the sack is drawn downwardly (F IG.2) by one hand, while the other hand pulls on stirrup 7. Owing to the tensile force applied to stirrup 7, the gap 5 is widened elastically so that the neck 4' can enter the opening 3, whereupon gap 5 and its barbs 6 spring back to their original positions so that the neck 4 of the sack cannot again pass out of the opening 3.
  • the serrations 2 provide an additional safeguard against the neck 4' of the sack slipping out of the clamping plate when the sack 4 is lifted by the stirrup 7 and carried away.
  • the safeguard against withdrawal of the neck 4' is enhanced further by the provision of a stud 11 on one side of the clamping plate 1, onto which the eye 12 of a closing strap 13 fixed to the other side of the plate is secured. As shown in F162 the closing strap 13 holds the neck 4 of the sack in a sharply angled position on the clamping plate.
  • the throat of the gap 5 has arranged therein only a single resilient barb 6.
  • the gap 5 is also barred by only a single barb 6", though of greater length.
  • the barb 6 On introducing the neck 4' of the sack the barb 6" is bent back elastically so as to widen the gap 5.
  • the system of FIGS. 6 and 7 neither the clamping plate 1 nor the stirrup 7 is strengthened with ribs. This makes it possible to bend or twist the clamping plate and stirrup out of the plane of the plate in two opposing directions as shown in FIG].
  • the device according to FIGS.6 and 7 is intended for repeated use as a closure and carrying device for bags and lighter sacks, as for example those used for holding pulverulent or granular substances like chemicals, pharmaceuticals, detergents, etc.
  • the device according to FIGS.6 and 7 is a convenient closure and carrying grip. By twisting same as shown in FIG.7 it may easily be removed and used again without damaging the neck of the sack.
  • a closure for a sack of flexible material having a neck comprising a generally flat plate formed with an opening adapted to receive said neck, and a slot leading to said opening at one side of said plate, a stirrup fixed to said plate and forming a grip at said side, said stirrup having a pair of linear legs converging in the direction of said slot and leading directly thereto for guiding said neck into said opening through said slot, said legs including an acute angle between them; and a resilient barb extending from one of said legs into said opening and normally obstructing said slot while being deflectible upon insertion of said neck through said slot to enable said neck to pass and thereafter blocking withdrawal of said neck through said slot said plate having ribs extending at right angles to its plane to resist twisting of the plate.
  • closure defined in claim 1, further comprising a strap affixed at one end to said plate, and mating formations at said plate and the other end of said strap for engagement upon slinging of said strap around said neck to hold the same at a sharp angle within said openmg.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Bag Frames (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Apparatuses For Manual Packaging Operations (AREA)
  • Package Closures (AREA)

Abstract

A device for closing filled sacks and bags, such as refuse sacks, has a flat clamping plate with an opening to accommodate the gathered or twisted neck of the sack and accessible from the outside via resiliently spreadable gap in the plate. A carrying grip is formed by the web of a stirrup and two legs of the latter converge towards the sides of the grip in the direction of the plate.

Description

United States Patent Schneider Sept. 25, 1973 [54] gig FOR CLOSING FILLED SACKS AND FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 883,771 12/1961 Great Britain 24/305 [76] Inventor: Walter Schneider, 8135 Langnau am 1,477,737 4/1967 France I 24/3115 Abis, Zurich, Switzerland 150,515 9/1920 Great Britain 24/264 [22] Filed: Mar. 13, 1972 F K Z I Primary Examiner rancis uge 1211 Appl' 234,148 Assistant Examinerl(enneth J. Dorner Attorney-Karl R. Ross [30] Foreign Application Priority Data July 8, 1971 Switzerland 10035/71 ABSTRACT [52] US. Cl. 24/305, 24/264 A devi e for closing filled sacks and bags, such as re- [51 Int. Cl B6561 77/ 10 fu sacks, has a flat clamping plate with an opening to [58] Field Of Search 24/305 R, 30.5 P, accommodate the gathered of twisted neck of the sack 24/305 255 and accessible from the outside via resiliently spread- 150/3 able gap in the plate. A carrying grip is formed by the web of a stirrup and two legs of the latter converge to- References Cited wards the sides of the grip in the direction of the plate.
I UNITED STATES PATENTS 5/1961 Balderree 24/305 S 3 Claims, 7 Drawing Figures BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION For closing filled sacks and bags, in particular refuse sacks, string is still used to a great extent, despite the fact that such ties are awkward when the sacks are very full and may also easily slip off during carrying if the sacks are smooth on the outside.
Because of this, other methods of closing-filled sacks and bags have been sought and proposed; these methods involve clip-on clamping plates of springy plastics which close the neck of the sack after it has been-gathered or twisted. These devices have an opening from the outside via a gap resiliently extensible to accept the neck of the sack.
Such closing devices are objectionable in objection that they are suitable only for small and light bags, and not for heavy sacks such as refuse sacks.
To ensure that the neck of the sack does not slip out of the opening in the case of heavy sacks, the clamping plate must have a powerful clamping action. Accordingly sufficiently strong pressure must be exerted to extend the gap and push the gathered or twisted neck of the sack therethrough.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to overcome all these disadvantages inherent to the clamping devices known heretofore, according to the present invention the clamping plate is provided with a stirrup-shaped member having two legs converging toward the clamping plate on either side of the gap, with the insides of the legs leading straight into the gap which in turn leads into the opening.
With a clamping device of the latter type, introducing the neck of the sack into the clamping plate is easier because the clamping plate can be fixed on the neck of the sack by pulling. Drawing this clampingdevice onto the sack requires far less effort than pushing-on or sliding-on the known gripless clamping plates. The design in accordance with the invention enables much more force to be applied when fitting the sack closure compared with the known clamping devices, and is therefore particularly suited for closing large and heavy sacks.
The structure according to the invention not only facilitates fitting the closure on the neck of the sack, but also makes it easy and convenient to lift up the sack and carry it away.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING The accompanying drawing shows two embodiment of the invention and two modifications; in the drawing:
FIG. 1 is a front view of the device for use once only, in particular for refuse sacks;
FIG. 2 shows the device on a full sack in a sectional view taken on line II II of FIG.1;
FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic representation of the device as applied to a full sack, on a reduced scale;
FIG. 4 is a first detail as modified to FIG.1;
FIG. 5 is a second detail as modified to FIG.1;
FIG. 6 is a front view of the device for repeated use, suitable for bags and light sacks; and
FIG. 7 shows a side view of the device illustrated in FIG.6 with the two halves twisted out of the plane of the plate.
SPECIFIC DESCRIPTION Referring to FIGSJI and 2, the device includes a clamping plate, designated 1, consisting of resilient material, with a central opening} whose inside edge is provided with serrations 2. Said opening serves to accommodate the neck 4 of a refuse sack 4 which is to be closed upon gathering or twisting of the neck. The clamping plate 1 has a gap 5 for introducing the neck 4 of the sack. This gap is partially obstructed by two points 6 acting as barbs which prevent the neck of the sack from moving out of the clamping plate once it is introduced. Encompassing the gap 5 and integral with plate 1 is a stirrup-shaped part 7 which has a web 7a serving as a carrying handle and two legs 7b converging towards the clamping plate to each side of gap 5 at the acute angle a so that their inside surfaces 7c lead straight into the gap 5. The clamping plate is provided with strengthening ribs 9 extending at right angles to its plane, which resist any twisting of the clamping plate from its plane.
On introducing the neck 4' of the sack into the opening 3, the twisted or gathered neck is first drawn through the inside space 8 encompassed by stirrup 7; the neck of the sack is drawn downwardly (F IG.2) by one hand, while the other hand pulls on stirrup 7. Owing to the tensile force applied to stirrup 7, the gap 5 is widened elastically so that the neck 4' can enter the opening 3, whereupon gap 5 and its barbs 6 spring back to their original positions so that the neck 4 of the sack cannot again pass out of the opening 3. The serrations 2 provide an additional safeguard against the neck 4' of the sack slipping out of the clamping plate when the sack 4 is lifted by the stirrup 7 and carried away.
With heavy sacks the safeguard against withdrawal of the neck 4' is enhanced further by the provision of a stud 11 on one side of the clamping plate 1, onto which the eye 12 of a closing strap 13 fixed to the other side of the plate is secured. As shown in F162 the closing strap 13 holds the neck 4 of the sack in a sharply angled position on the clamping plate.
In the modification of P164, the throat of the gap 5 has arranged therein only a single resilient barb 6.
In the modification detailed in FIGS the gap 5 is also barred by only a single barb 6", though of greater length. On introducing the neck 4' of the sack the barb 6" is bent back elastically so as to widen the gap 5.
ing 3', 5 leading into the opening. Barbs 6" project into the opening at the bottom of a stirrup formed integral with the clamping plate 1, the web 7a serving as a handle, and the two legs of the stirrup 7b converging at an acute angle towards the clamping plate, the inside surfaces of the legs running straight into said openmg.
In contrast with the embodiment of FIGS.1 to 5, the system of FIGS. 6 and 7 neither the clamping plate 1 nor the stirrup 7 is strengthened with ribs. This makes it possible to bend or twist the clamping plate and stirrup out of the plane of the plate in two opposing directions as shown in FIG]. The device according to FIGS.6 and 7 is intended for repeated use as a closure and carrying device for bags and lighter sacks, as for example those used for holding pulverulent or granular substances like chemicals, pharmaceuticals, detergents, etc. For such purposes the device according to FIGS.6 and 7 is a convenient closure and carrying grip. By twisting same as shown in FIG.7 it may easily be removed and used again without damaging the neck of the sack.
What I claim is:
l. A closure for a sack of flexible material having a neck, said closure comprising a generally flat plate formed with an opening adapted to receive said neck, and a slot leading to said opening at one side of said plate, a stirrup fixed to said plate and forming a grip at said side, said stirrup having a pair of linear legs converging in the direction of said slot and leading directly thereto for guiding said neck into said opening through said slot, said legs including an acute angle between them; and a resilient barb extending from one of said legs into said opening and normally obstructing said slot while being deflectible upon insertion of said neck through said slot to enable said neck to pass and thereafter blocking withdrawal of said neck through said slot said plate having ribs extending at right angles to its plane to resist twisting of the plate.
2. The closure defined in claim 1, further comprising a strap affixed at one end to said plate, and mating formations at said plate and the other end of said strap for engagement upon slinging of said strap around said neck to hold the same at a sharp angle within said openmg.
3. The closure defined in claim 1 wherein said plate and said stirrup are monolithically formed in a single piece from resilient material.

Claims (3)

1. A closure for a sack of flexible material having a neck, said closure comprising a generally flat plate formed with an opening adapted to receive said neck, and a slot leading to said opening at one side of said plate, a stirrup fixed to said plate and forming a grip at said side, said stirrup having a pair of linear legs converging in the direction of said slot and leading directly thereto for guiding said neck into said opening through said slot, said legs including an acute angle between them; and a resilient barb extending from one of said legs into said opening and normally obstructing said slot while being deflectible upon insertion of said neck through said slot to enable said neck to pass and thereafter blocking withdrawal of said neck through said slot said plate having ribs extending at right angles to its plane to resist twisting of the plate.
2. The closure defined in claim 1, further comprising a strap affixed at one end to said plate, and mating formations at said plate and the other end of said strap for engagement upon slinging of said strap around said neck to hold the same at a sharp angle within said opening.
3. The closure defined in claim 1 wherein said plate and said stirrup are monolithically formed in a single piece from resilient material.
US00234148A 1971-07-08 1972-03-13 Device for closing filled sacks and bags Expired - Lifetime US3760463A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1003571A CH520025A (en) 1971-07-08 1971-07-08 Device for closing filled rubbish bags

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US3760463A true US3760463A (en) 1973-09-25

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US00234148A Expired - Lifetime US3760463A (en) 1971-07-08 1972-03-13 Device for closing filled sacks and bags

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US (1) US3760463A (en)
JP (1) JPS5143430B1 (en)
AT (1) AT308624B (en)
AU (1) AU463682B2 (en)
BE (1) BE782089A (en)
CA (1) CA992500A (en)
CH (1) CH520025A (en)
DD (1) DD96454A5 (en)
DE (1) DE2209710C3 (en)
DK (1) DK138215B (en)
ES (1) ES179090Y (en)
FR (1) FR2144646B1 (en)
GB (1) GB1321218A (en)
IT (1) IT962812B (en)
NL (1) NL7205892A (en)
SE (1) SE390406B (en)
ZA (1) ZA721802B (en)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3925852A (en) * 1974-10-21 1975-12-16 Rolland E Wood Bag closure device
US4947523A (en) * 1988-09-07 1990-08-14 Edward S. Robbins, III Bag closure devices
US6347822B1 (en) * 2000-07-21 2002-02-19 Hal J. Miller, Jr. Plastic bag holder
US20030082278A1 (en) * 2001-07-23 2003-05-01 Cornelius Chow Closure device and method of manufacture
US20040119306A1 (en) * 2002-12-23 2004-06-24 Pries William H. Plastic bag handle
US20040139582A1 (en) * 2003-01-21 2004-07-22 Kurt Jones T-shirt handling device
US20060143875A1 (en) * 2002-07-11 2006-07-06 Vicky Kunold Device for closing bags
WO2016166392A1 (en) * 2015-04-14 2016-10-20 Jose Antonio Villacorta Atienza Clip system for closing bags
US20170198733A1 (en) * 2016-01-08 2017-07-13 The Boeing Company Mounting clip and related methods
WO2022214711A1 (en) * 2021-04-05 2022-10-13 Pascual Alberto Cuenca Romero Adjustable clamp stop
US11565852B2 (en) * 2019-10-09 2023-01-31 William Buck Garbage can retaining clip apparatus

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL8002155A (en) * 1980-04-14 1981-11-16 Louis Cornelis Schuurman CARRYING BRACKET FOR BAGS, IN PARTICULAR BAGS.
GB2131682B (en) * 1982-12-15 1986-01-22 David John Farnworth Handle
FR2596363B1 (en) * 1986-03-26 1989-02-03 Wallaert Didier OBJECT FOR THE TRANSPORT OF BAGS, IN PARTICULAR GARBAGE BAGS
DE3924981A1 (en) * 1989-07-28 1991-02-07 Peter Lucht Metal wire closure for bags and sacks - has closing hook and carrying handle

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB150515A (en) * 1919-08-05 1920-09-09 William Henry Stevens Improvements in garment supporting clasps
US2981990A (en) * 1957-09-20 1961-05-02 Jr Henry N Balderree Bag closure seal
GB883771A (en) * 1958-07-04 1961-12-06 Evanco Engineering Company Wal Improvements in and relating to securing devices for bags or like wrappings
FR1477737A (en) * 1966-03-11 1967-04-21 Clip for closing bags in a flexible material

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB150515A (en) * 1919-08-05 1920-09-09 William Henry Stevens Improvements in garment supporting clasps
US2981990A (en) * 1957-09-20 1961-05-02 Jr Henry N Balderree Bag closure seal
GB883771A (en) * 1958-07-04 1961-12-06 Evanco Engineering Company Wal Improvements in and relating to securing devices for bags or like wrappings
FR1477737A (en) * 1966-03-11 1967-04-21 Clip for closing bags in a flexible material

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3925852A (en) * 1974-10-21 1975-12-16 Rolland E Wood Bag closure device
US4947523A (en) * 1988-09-07 1990-08-14 Edward S. Robbins, III Bag closure devices
US6347822B1 (en) * 2000-07-21 2002-02-19 Hal J. Miller, Jr. Plastic bag holder
US20030082278A1 (en) * 2001-07-23 2003-05-01 Cornelius Chow Closure device and method of manufacture
US20060143875A1 (en) * 2002-07-11 2006-07-06 Vicky Kunold Device for closing bags
US20040119306A1 (en) * 2002-12-23 2004-06-24 Pries William H. Plastic bag handle
US20040139582A1 (en) * 2003-01-21 2004-07-22 Kurt Jones T-shirt handling device
WO2016166392A1 (en) * 2015-04-14 2016-10-20 Jose Antonio Villacorta Atienza Clip system for closing bags
US20170198733A1 (en) * 2016-01-08 2017-07-13 The Boeing Company Mounting clip and related methods
US10273991B2 (en) * 2016-01-08 2019-04-30 The Boeing Company Mounting clip and related methods
US11565852B2 (en) * 2019-10-09 2023-01-31 William Buck Garbage can retaining clip apparatus
WO2022214711A1 (en) * 2021-04-05 2022-10-13 Pascual Alberto Cuenca Romero Adjustable clamp stop

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Publication number Publication date
GB1321218A (en) 1973-06-27
AU463682B2 (en) 1975-07-31
NL7205892A (en) 1973-01-10
BE782089A (en) 1972-10-16
SE390406B (en) 1976-12-20
ES179090Y (en) 1973-06-01
IT962812B (en) 1973-12-31
FR2144646B1 (en) 1974-12-13
DK138215C (en) 1979-01-15
JPS5143430B1 (en) 1976-11-22
CA992500A (en) 1976-07-06
ZA721802B (en) 1973-01-31
DK138215B (en) 1978-07-31
DD96454A5 (en) 1973-03-20
AT308624B (en) 1973-07-10
FR2144646A1 (en) 1973-02-16
DE2209710B2 (en) 1974-02-21
CH520025A (en) 1972-03-15
DE2209710A1 (en) 1973-01-18
AU4173272A (en) 1973-11-08
ES179090U (en) 1972-12-01
DE2209710C3 (en) 1974-09-12

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