US3754584A - Electrode for barking of timber by electric current - Google Patents

Electrode for barking of timber by electric current Download PDF

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Publication number
US3754584A
US3754584A US00219430A US3754584DA US3754584A US 3754584 A US3754584 A US 3754584A US 00219430 A US00219430 A US 00219430A US 3754584D A US3754584D A US 3754584DA US 3754584 A US3754584 A US 3754584A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
timber
electrode
endless band
bark
guiding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00219430A
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English (en)
Inventor
M Bumerl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
VEDECKY LESNICKY USTAV VYSOKE
Original Assignee
VEDECKY LESNICKY USTAV VYSOKE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by VEDECKY LESNICKY USTAV VYSOKE filed Critical VEDECKY LESNICKY USTAV VYSOKE
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Publication of US3754584A publication Critical patent/US3754584A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L1/00—Debarking or removing vestiges of branches from trees or logs; Machines therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/283—With means to control or modify temperature of apparatus or work
    • Y10T83/293—Of tool

Definitions

  • the barking of wood using electric current takes advantage of the higher humidity of the cambial and adjacent layers with respect to the external and internal layers both in just felled timber and in timber weeks and even months after cutting, depending on conditions at which the wood has been stored.
  • the cambial and the adjacent layers contain more humidity and in water dissolved materials than the wood and the external bark layers, their electric conductivity is higher than that of the other layers and passage of electric current causes an increase of temperature of these layers. Due to quickly generated steam and due to the influence of higher temperature and other physical and chemical influences the cohesion of the wood and the bark is reduced.
  • the bark can be easily peeled off or it falls away itself. The separation takes always place in the border layer between the wood and the internal bark layers. By this method timber can be barked the whole year, even at vegetative rest conditions. The barking is perfect and no losses of wood are experienced.
  • the applied electrodes are knives which penetrate through the bark to the cambial layer. These knives can be arranged either in concentric circles or in direction of the wood fibers.
  • the voltage of the supplied electric current depends on the humidity of the wood, on the length of the knife, on the temperature of the layers, on the distance of both electrodes and on the direction, in which the knives penetrate into the bark, whether parallel or perpendicularly to the wood fibers.
  • bark should cover all layers of tissue beyond the cambial layer. It is necessary to provide for this method of barking a perfect and well conductive connection between the electrodes and the layers below the bark, particular the cambial layer. In the course of a steady movement of the short or long wood in its longitudinal direction a steady and perfect contact of the electrodes with the layers below the bark must be maintained.
  • an electrode for barking of wood composed of a number of partial electrodes, adapted for penetrating through the bark and linked together to form an endless band.
  • This endless band of partial electrodes is advantageously guided within a gap between lateral guiding ledges and is supported by a guiding roller and by a tension roller with a tenioning device.
  • the guiding roller, the tension roller and the guiding ledges are advantageously connected to a pressure and feeding device by means of a resilient pressure transmitting device.
  • a contact pressure devices is furthermore provided in the active part of the guiding ledge between the guiding and tension roller.
  • An advantage of this arrangement is a higher efficiency of the barking device enabling a perfect electric contact of the electrodes with the damp tissues below the bark even in the course of the continuous uninterrupted passage of the barked wood through this barking device.
  • FIG. I is an overall elevation of the electrode
  • FIG. 2 a side view in the direction of the arrow indicated in FIG. 1 by S;
  • FIG. 3a a detailed side view showing the interconnection of individual partial electrodes to an endless band
  • FIG. 3b a plan view of the same details
  • FIG. 4 a schematic view of the major parts of a barking device in the direction of the axis of the barked wood.
  • the electrodes according to this invention are supported by a supporting frame 1, (see FIG. 4) and comprise a device 2 for generating pressure and a feeding movement, an electrically insulating insert 3, an encasing 4, guiding ledges 5, a guiding roller 6, a tension roller 7, a tensioning element 8, a resilient pressure transmitting element 9, a contact pressure element 10 and an endless band 11 comprising partial electrodes 12.
  • the partial electrodes 12 are mutually linked to an endless band 11, guided in a gap between guiding ledges 5, and passing over the guiding roller 6 and the tension roller 7.
  • the partial electrodes 12 are by means of the pressure and feeding device 2 subsequently pressed into the bark in the course of passage of the timer 15 through the whole arrangement.
  • the partial electrodes 12 are maintained in their position after they have penetrated through the bark without any relative movement with respect to the wood in the course of passage of the wood through the whole active part of the device between the guiding and tension rollers by means of the contact pressure device 10.
  • the contact pressure device 10, supported on the active part of the guiding ledges 5 enables together with the resilient pressure transmitting device 9, which transmits pressure to the guiding ledge 5, to the guiding roller 6 and to the tension roller 7, to establish and maintain a perfect contact of the partial electrodes 12 with the cambial layer even if there are irregularities of the surface of the treated wood, particularly deviations from a circular cross section and changes of the diameter of the barked wood.
  • the endless band 11 composed of partial electrodes 12, guided in a gap between guiding ledges 5 and over the guiding roller 6 and tension roller 7, is brought to movement after the partial electrodes 12 have penetrated the bark of the barked timber by the forward movement of the timber caused by means, not shown on the drawings.
  • the endless band 11 with the partial electrodes 12 passes thereby over the guiding roller 6 and tension roller 7, whereby the partial electrodes 12 remain within the whole period of passage of the barked timber through the barking device at their place in the bark, taken along by the timber, which they leave only when passing over the tension roller 7.
  • the endless band 11 is composed, as shown in FIG. 3 of partial electrodes 12 linked by straps 13 by means of rivets 14.
  • the length of the partial electrodes 12 can be adjusted to conditions and optimum dimensions depend on the forward speed of the barked timber, on the voltage of the used electric current and on conditions of the timber.
  • the partial electrodes can have the shape of short knives with cutting edges, of needles, of cutting disks and similar.
  • the interconnection of the partial electrodes 12 to an endless band 11 can be accomplished by means of connecting straps, bolts, rivets, V belts and similar. Individual parts of the partial electrodes 12 can be made of metal, plastics and other materials.
  • FIG. 4 shows a barking device in a view in direction of the axis of the barked timber 15.
  • the individual electrodes are arranged on the frame 1 in concentric circles and are pressed by devices 2 generating pressure and a feeding movement towards the timber 15, which rests on supporting rollers 16 and is advanced by a not shown device in its axial direction through the barking device.
  • the electrodes are arranged on the frame l as electrode heads in several concentric circles so that they can be brought into operation subsequently in case the diameter of the timber increases, in order that the distance between adjacent electrodes always remain within a predetermined range.
  • the distance between adjacent electrodes should be between 1 and 3 cm, whereby the time interval of action of the electrodes is between 12 and seconds.
  • the individual electrodes are advantageously arranged adjustable on the supporting frame 1 in order to enable to adjust the electrodes to the correct distance from the worked timber.
  • Electrode for barking of timber by electric current introduced into the border layers between the wood and the bark said electrode composed of a number of partial electrodes with sharp parts for penetrating through the bark, said partial electrodes linked together to form an endless band having an upper strand and a lower strand, said sharp parts forming the external circumference of the endless band, means for free guiding said endless band and means for pressing one strand of said endless band facing the timber to be barked towards the advancing timber.
  • said means for free guiding said endless band comprising lateral guiding ledges, a guiding roller and a tension roller with tensioning means.
  • Electrode as set forth in claim 1, said means for pressing one strand of the endless band facing the timbet to be barked against the advancing timber comprising an adjustable pressure and feeding device and resilient pressure transmitting means.
  • Electrode as set forth in claim 2 comprising in addition a contact pressure device maintaining pressure of the strand of the endless band facing the timber to be barked between its guiding and pressure roller.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
US00219430A 1971-02-15 1972-01-20 Electrode for barking of timber by electric current Expired - Lifetime US3754584A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CS1104A CS148475B3 (fi) 1971-02-15 1971-02-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3754584A true US3754584A (en) 1973-08-28

Family

ID=5344536

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00219430A Expired - Lifetime US3754584A (en) 1971-02-15 1972-01-20 Electrode for barking of timber by electric current

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3754584A (fi)
AT (1) AT318224B (fi)
CA (1) CA946941A (fi)
CS (1) CS148475B3 (fi)
DE (1) DE2207073C3 (fi)
FI (1) FI55785C (fi)
FR (1) FR2125921A5 (fi)
NO (1) NO130046B (fi)
SE (1) SE391889B (fi)
SU (1) SU431011A1 (fi)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4148346A (en) * 1976-06-14 1979-04-10 Scarnecchia O Vincent Method of and apparatus for drying and debarking logs

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2655960A (en) * 1950-03-14 1953-10-20 Michael F Murray Tree felling apparatus, including a prime mover-dynamo power plant
US2707007A (en) * 1953-06-08 1955-04-26 Shuff Hugh Wrap-around chain-driven cutters for removing bark from trees
US3566938A (en) * 1966-03-09 1971-03-02 Rotenburger Metallwerke Gmbh Chain cutter for debranching and debarking trees

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2655960A (en) * 1950-03-14 1953-10-20 Michael F Murray Tree felling apparatus, including a prime mover-dynamo power plant
US2707007A (en) * 1953-06-08 1955-04-26 Shuff Hugh Wrap-around chain-driven cutters for removing bark from trees
US3566938A (en) * 1966-03-09 1971-03-02 Rotenburger Metallwerke Gmbh Chain cutter for debranching and debarking trees

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4148346A (en) * 1976-06-14 1979-04-10 Scarnecchia O Vincent Method of and apparatus for drying and debarking logs

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2207073B2 (de) 1977-10-27
DE2207073A1 (de) 1972-08-31
FI55785B (fi) 1979-06-29
FI55785C (fi) 1979-10-10
SE391889B (sv) 1977-03-07
CA946941A (en) 1974-05-07
NO130046B (fi) 1974-07-01
CS148475B3 (fi) 1973-02-22
AT318224B (de) 1974-10-10
FR2125921A5 (fi) 1972-09-29
DE2207073C3 (de) 1978-06-29
SU431011A1 (fi) 1974-06-05

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