US3753646A - New process of textile fabrics dyeing - Google Patents

New process of textile fabrics dyeing Download PDF

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Publication number
US3753646A
US3753646A US00058973A US3753646DA US3753646A US 3753646 A US3753646 A US 3753646A US 00058973 A US00058973 A US 00058973A US 3753646D A US3753646D A US 3753646DA US 3753646 A US3753646 A US 3753646A
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United States
Prior art keywords
solvent
fabric
process according
enclosure
dyeing
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US00058973A
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English (en)
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W Hess
J Gamaury
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SOLTEX SOC CIV
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SOLTEX SOC CIV
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Priority claimed from FR6925648A external-priority patent/FR2061574A1/fr
Priority claimed from FR7001303A external-priority patent/FR2080840A2/fr
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/90—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using dyes dissolved in organic solvents or aqueous emulsions thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B9/00—Solvent-treatment of textile materials
    • D06B9/02—Solvent-treatment of textile materials solvent-dyeing
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/90—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using dyes dissolved in organic solvents or aqueous emulsions thereof
    • D06P1/92—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using dyes dissolved in organic solvents or aqueous emulsions thereof in organic solvents
    • D06P1/922—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using dyes dissolved in organic solvents or aqueous emulsions thereof in organic solvents hydrocarbons
    • D06P1/924—Halogenated hydrocarbons
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/90—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using dyes dissolved in organic solvents or aqueous emulsions thereof
    • D06P1/92—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using dyes dissolved in organic solvents or aqueous emulsions thereof in organic solvents
    • D06P1/928—Solvents other than hydrocarbons
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/916—Natural fiber dyeing
    • Y10S8/917—Wool or silk
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/92—Synthetic fiber dyeing
    • Y10S8/927—Polyacrylonitrile fiber

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT An anhydrous dyeing process comprising (at) achieving a fabric padding in a dyeing bath having a small capacity and containing at least one polar organic solvent July 30, France chosen so that i dissolves h i g agents used Jan. 12, 1970 France 7001303 i y at room temperature (solvent fabric in a closed enclosure filled with vapors of an- [52] US. Cl. 8/85, 8/21 B, 8/54, other solvent C, nommiscible with A, having a boiling 8/l62 8/177 8,178 8/139 point lower than solvent A and in which the coloring Int.
  • Cl 4 agents d are i l then sending the textile [58] Field at surch 8/93 material into another closed enclosure, brought to the 8/85 boiling temperature, of solvent C, in which solvent C is evaporated and recovered; (d) then, after cooling and [56] cued quick rinsing in a convenient solvent to remove the UNITED STATES PATENTS non-fixed particles of coloring agents and residual 3,667,898 6/1972 Bergman et al;.. 8/94 quantities of solvent A, circulating the fabric in a last 2,134,559 12/1939 Mellor et a1..
  • the present invention relates to new techniques for the dyeing in anhydrous medium of textile materials having various forms such as fibers, yarns, wicks, cables, woven and non-woven fabrics, jerseys, having cellulosic fibers, or fibers with an anionic or basic character, or mixtures of those various types of fibers.
  • this process is applicable only to a limited class of coloring agents having a lipophilic character when dissolved in the apolar solvent and is not commonly usable, especially for the dyeing of textile fibers having a basic character, as coloring agents of acid or metal-bearing acid types, the most commonly used in this case are practically insoluble in such a solvent and moreover have an hydrophilic characten
  • the use of such hydrophilic coloring agents is contemplated in the described process only in the dispersed or emulsified form which is not applicable to the coloring agents of acid or metal-bearing acid type. It is also essential according to the described operative method that the apolar solvent used for treatment in vapor state be the same or of the same type as the one used in the coloring agents dispersion or dissolution.
  • Solvent A is chosen mainly from aliphaticamides, especially non-substituted amides such as formamide, a non-toxic product easily available commercially.
  • a solvent A it is possible to use an aliphatic polyalcohol, as for example ethylene glycol.
  • solvent B an aliphatic monoalcohol such as methanol, ethanol, and isoprcpanol may be used.
  • Solvent C is constituted preferably of an halogenated hydrocarbon such as trior perchlorethylene. It is also possible to use in each case mixtures of amides, mono-alcohols, polyalcohols and halogenated hydrocarbons.
  • solvents A and A and B are chosen in such a way that they are miscible in any proportion and their boiling points are sufficiently far from one another to allow a separated recovery.
  • solvents A, A and C must be non-miscible in order to avoid contamination of the solvent C liquid phase in the process third phase.
  • Those solvents may, however, form azeotropes, as is the case for mixtures of perchlorethylene-ethylene glycol.
  • Solvents B and C may be miscible or not, in any proportion and it matters little whether they may form an azeotrope, since solvent B must be wholly removed before the passing of the textile material through the solvent C vaporization enclosure.
  • fabric is contacted during a very short time, generally at room temperature, with a small quantity of dyeing bath, without having to take into account the ability of the dyeing agent to be absorbed by fibers, the concentration of such agents or, in the case of coloring agents mixture, the affinity differences for fibers that they may present between them in dyeing conditions.
  • a small quantity of dyeing bath without having to take into account the ability of the dyeing agent to be absorbed by fibers, the concentration of such agents or, in the case of coloring agents mixture, the affinity differences for fibers that they may present between them in dyeing conditions.
  • fabric goes through an enclosure filled with the vapors of solvent C.
  • the fabric reaches a temperature at which coloring agents are in all cases quite soluble in solvent A and/or A and are absorbed by the fibers.
  • the enclosure is preferably provided at its top with cooling tubes which condense solvent C and a heat source at the bottom of said enclosure intended for evaporating such solvent. So a condensation of solvent C takes place on fibers; at this stage, the properties of solvent C not to dissolve coloring agents and not to be miscible with solvent A and/or A are essential. Without this double property solvent C would carry coloring agent away during condensation, which would involve a decreasing in quantity of coloring agent and the risk of obtaining a bled dyeing. It is sometimes advantageous, in some cases, to add to solvent C an anhydrous organic compound, the vapors of which allow to improve coloring agent fixing as, for example, glacial acetic acid.
  • the fabric After passing into another heated enclosure, contiguous to the previous one and brought to the same temperature, in which are removed the last traces of solvent C carried away by the fabric, the fabric is cooled by passing it around a cool drum and is then introduced for quick rinsing in a pad containing an organic solvent mixcible with solvent A and/or A able to dissolve quickly in cold state and non-fixed coloring agent particles.
  • solvent B there is used advantageously one of the organic compounds defined hereinabove as being usable as solvent B.
  • this solvent is evaporated in a heat enclosure, joined to the rinsing pad and provided with a collecting device.
  • this device is preferably connected to the one of the first enclosure in order to collect together the totality of this solvent recovered in the whole of operation.
  • the process described hereinabove is very advantageously applicable to natural or synthetic fibers having a basic character such as polyamides and wool. But it may also be extended to other textile products which may be dyed, for example, to the materials having threads or fibers obtained from polymers containing more than 85 percent of acrylonitrile, of cellulose esters, as, for example, triacetate, natural (as cotton, flax) or regenerated (such as viscose rayon) cellulosic fibers, etc.
  • coloring agents able to be used depends upon the nature of the material to be dyed and is extremely large. So, it is possible to quote, for example:
  • dyeing agents having an anionic character, which have one or several solubilizing groups such as sulfonic and carboxylic groups, preferably in free acid form and possibly complexed by a metal;
  • coloring agents having a cationic character, positively charged, for example, by the presence in their molecule ofa carbenium ion or of an atom of quaternary nitrogen;
  • anionic coloring agents generally called direct coloring agents.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 illustrate, in a non-limitative way, some devices which may be used for achieving the process according to the invention. Those devices are all described in conjunction with the variant including solvent B used, but they are easily adaptable to more general techniques in which solvent B is not used, only by suppressing the elements contemplated for this use.
  • 0 represents the initial roll of the fabric to be dyed.
  • the fabric After passing into impregnation pad 1 containing the coloring agent(s) and solvent(s) A, A and B at room temperature, the fabric passes into the heated enclosure 2 from which solvent B vapors evolve, then into the enclosure 3 filled with solvent C vapors evolve, then into the enclosure 3 filled with solvent C vapors which are condensed by the cooling tubes 3.1 and reevaporated by the heated floor 3.2.
  • the fabric is then passed through solvent C, vaporization enclosure 4, and then about a cooling roll 5 prior to passage to rinsing pad 6 (for example with 3 rolls) containing solvent B at room temperature, playing the part of the rinsing agent.
  • rinsing solvent B in the enclosure 7 vapors coming from enclosures 2 and 7 being collected after condensation and recycled
  • dyed fabric is wound on final mandrel 8.
  • the device of FIG. 2 is substantially the same except for location of elements.
  • the device of FIG. 3 is more specifically intended for the dyeing of fibers other than the ones having a basic character and for the utilization of non-acid coloring agents. Indeed, in those cases, the time necessary for vaporization treatment, that is for textile contact with solvent C may be longer than in the other applications. So this increasing of vaporization times must normally need either the use of a longer enclosure 3, or a decreasing of speed of textile material travel in said enclosure. However, those disadvantages can be avoided in substituting for a part of textile course in enclosure 3 a winding thereof on a perforated mandrel 9. Dyeing operation takes place, in such conditions, In a semicontinuous way, roller 9 having, after a convenient residence time of textile in vaporization enclosure 3, to be unwound for traveling through devices 4, 5, 6 and 7.
  • EXAMPLE l A continuous dyeing of a polyamide 6 linen of I00 g/m and cms wide was made by means of a coloring agent C.l. Acid blue No. 129 in free acid form and using as solvents:
  • a ethylene glycol B 2 ethanol C perchlorethylene After having passed the fabric in padding tank 1 with two rolls, filled with 30 l. of a mixture, at room temperature, of 500 parts by volume of ethylene glycol and 500 parts volume of a 20 g/l solution of the precited coloring agent in ethanol, the fabric was passed successively through enclosure 2 brought to 60C, this temperature being practically sufficient to evaporate all solvent B at the enclosure outlet (this because of the presence in said enclosure of an air stream), which is collected thereafter. Then the fabric passes in enclosure 3 filled with perchlorethylene vapors, then in chamber 4, both being maintained at 120C. After passing on cooling roller 5 maintained at about 20C by internal cold water circulation, rinsing was made in tank 6 with 3 rollers, of 72 1.
  • EXAMPLE 2 This example was operated under the same conditions and in the same device as in Example 1, achieving the dyeing in a continuous way of a twill 100 percent wool of 210 g/m in a width of 140 cms and using:
  • EXAMPLE 3 This example was worked according to the same process as in Example 1, operating in a continuous way the dyeing of a fabric of natural silk of 85 glm 'in width of 120 cms. There was used:
  • solvents a mixture of ethylene glycol and glycerol (solvent A);
  • Dyeing bath contained, at room temperature, 1000 parts (volume) of the mixture of precited A and B solvents (at the rate of 250 parts of methanol per 250 parts of ethanol and 330 parts of ethylene glycol per 170 parts of glycerol) and I5 parts of coloring agent. After a dyeing time of only two minutes, there was obtained a fabric having a very bright orange color and not showing any bleeding during washings of the type ":1 according to the European mode of dyeing fastness.
  • EXAMPLE 5 In the same way as in Example 4 a wool fabric was dyed by padding in a 50 g/kg formamide solution of Light Supracid Green BL in free acid form, then vaporization during two minutes in perchlorethylene vapors, drying and water rinsing.
  • EXAMPLE 9 A cotton fabric is impregnated with a bath constituted with 2 parts of Light Diazoll Blue R, 50 parts of formamide (solvent A) and 50 parts of methanol (solvent B). Then after having squeezed it between two rollers and having removed methanol, by drying at moderate temperature, fabric is vaporized during two minutes in perchlorethylene vapors (solvent C); then it is dried and rinsed with soapy water. A very bright blue shade is obtained in this way and has the usual fastness of direct coloring agents.
  • EXAMPLE 10 A fabric of cellulose triacetate is dyed by means of acid coloring agents in solution in formamide in the same way as in Example 9 using, in the vaporizing enclosure, vapors of a mixture of perchlorethylene (48 percent) and trichlorethylene (52 percent) such that the the boiling temperature is near lC. In such conditions padding bath being constituted with 2.5 percent by weight in formamide of Light Solid Acid Blue BRL in free acid form, there is obtained a good smooth and solid shade.
  • a process for the continuous dyeing of textile materials in an anhydrous medium comprising:
  • said first solvent comprises a polar solvent in which said dyeing agent is insufficiently soluble at room temperature but is soluble in hot state.
  • a process according to claim 2 wherein a second solvent miscible in any proportion with said first solvent with a boiling point lower than said first solvent and able to dissolve said dyeing agent at any temperature is used with said first solvent, said process having a further stage coming immediately after stage (a) and consisting of passing impregnated fabric in a shut enclosure, brought to such a temperature that, at outlet, said second solvent is removed, vapors of this solvent being collected for recovery.
  • a process according to claim 8 wherein said monoalcohol is methanol, ethanol, isopropanol or a mixture thereof.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
US00058973A 1969-07-30 1970-07-28 New process of textile fabrics dyeing Expired - Lifetime US3753646A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR6925648A FR2061574A1 (en) 1969-07-30 1969-07-30 Dyeing fibres, yarns, tows, woven, non-woven - or knitted fabrics
FR7001303A FR2080840A2 (en) 1970-01-12 1970-01-12 Dyeing fibres, yarns, tows, woven, non-woven - or knitted fabrics

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US3753646A true US3753646A (en) 1973-08-21

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US00058973A Expired - Lifetime US3753646A (en) 1969-07-30 1970-07-28 New process of textile fabrics dyeing

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US (1) US3753646A (fr)
JP (1) JPS496513B1 (fr)
BE (1) BE754133A (fr)
CH (2) CH1146070A4 (fr)
DE (1) DE2037729A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1286734A (fr)
IL (1) IL35016A (fr)
NL (1) NL7011294A (fr)
SE (1) SE368970B (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4234311A (en) * 1979-06-27 1980-11-18 Bruckner Apparatebau Gmbh Processes for removing impurities from textile materials

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4047889A (en) * 1976-01-09 1977-09-13 Martin Processing, Inc. Process for the rapid, continuous and waterless dyeing of textile and plastic materials

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2184559A (en) * 1936-02-06 1939-12-26 Celanese Corp Treatment of textile and other materials
US2384001A (en) * 1941-07-15 1945-09-04 British Celanese Coloration of textile materials
US3512913A (en) * 1965-07-26 1970-05-19 Bexford Ltd Dyeing polyethylene terephthalate film
US3524718A (en) * 1965-07-09 1970-08-18 Geigy Ag J R Processes for the continuous dyeing and printing of cellulose ester fiber material
US3617211A (en) * 1969-07-08 1971-11-02 Allied Chem Phenyl glycol and short-chain halogenated hydrocarbon dye composition
US3667898A (en) * 1969-05-26 1972-06-06 Dow Chemical Co Process for dyeing textile materials from organic solvent media

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB921065A (en) * 1961-01-05 1963-03-13 Courtaulds Ltd Improvements in the colouring of textile fibres of polyalkylenes
GB1103860A (en) * 1965-09-30 1968-02-21 Ici Ltd Dyeing process

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2184559A (en) * 1936-02-06 1939-12-26 Celanese Corp Treatment of textile and other materials
US2384001A (en) * 1941-07-15 1945-09-04 British Celanese Coloration of textile materials
US3524718A (en) * 1965-07-09 1970-08-18 Geigy Ag J R Processes for the continuous dyeing and printing of cellulose ester fiber material
US3512913A (en) * 1965-07-26 1970-05-19 Bexford Ltd Dyeing polyethylene terephthalate film
US3667898A (en) * 1969-05-26 1972-06-06 Dow Chemical Co Process for dyeing textile materials from organic solvent media
US3617211A (en) * 1969-07-08 1971-11-02 Allied Chem Phenyl glycol and short-chain halogenated hydrocarbon dye composition

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
White, W.A.S., American Dyestuff Reporter, July 31, 1967, pages (P591) 18 to (P597) 24. *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4234311A (en) * 1979-06-27 1980-11-18 Bruckner Apparatebau Gmbh Processes for removing impurities from textile materials

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2037729A1 (de) 1971-02-04
GB1286734A (en) 1972-08-23
CH535866A (fr) 1972-11-15
IL35016A0 (en) 1970-09-17
BE754133A (fr) 1970-12-31
IL35016A (en) 1974-05-16
SE368970B (fr) 1974-07-29
NL7011294A (fr) 1971-02-02
CH1146070A4 (fr) 1972-11-15
JPS496513B1 (fr) 1974-02-14

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