US3753038A - Method and apparatus for operating row-column matrix panels and devices - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for operating row-column matrix panels and devices Download PDF

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US3753038A
US3753038A US00097307A US3753038DA US3753038A US 3753038 A US3753038 A US 3753038A US 00097307 A US00097307 A US 00097307A US 3753038D A US3753038D A US 3753038DA US 3753038 A US3753038 A US 3753038A
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row
conductor
discrete
column
character
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US00097307A
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English (en)
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D Liddle
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Techneglas LLC
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Owens Illinois Inc
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Assigned to OWENS-ILLINOIS TELEVISION PRODUCTS INC. reassignment OWENS-ILLINOIS TELEVISION PRODUCTS INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: OWENS-ILLINOIS, INC., A CORP. OF OHIO
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/28—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels
    • G09G3/288—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels using AC panels
    • G09G3/296—Driving circuits for producing the waveforms applied to the driving electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/28—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels
    • G09G3/288—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels using AC panels
    • G09G3/297—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using luminous gas-discharge panels, e.g. plasma panels using AC panels using opposed discharge type panels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
    • G09G5/22—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators characterised by the display of characters or indicia using display control signals derived from coded signals representing the characters or indicia, e.g. with a character-code memory
    • G09G5/32—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators characterised by the display of characters or indicia using display control signals derived from coded signals representing the characters or indicia, e.g. with a character-code memory with means for controlling the display position

Definitions

  • Gaseous discharge display/memory panels to which the invention particularly applies are disclosed in Baker et al. U.S. Pat. No. 3,499,167 and include a thin gaseous discharge medium under pressure bonded by dielectric charge storage members and a pair transverse row and column conductor arrays forming a cross point matrix for supplying operating potentials to discrete discharge sites in the gaseous medium.
  • Such operating potentials include a periodic sustaining potential applied to all conductors in an array and discrete discharges at selected discharge sites (the cross points of the matrix conductor array, e.g., crossing points of column and row conductors) are manipulated on and off by selectively applied.
  • relatively high voltage pulses added to the periodic sustaining potential.
  • the sustaining voltage is of such amplitude that it is insufficient by itself to initiate a discharge at any of the cross points.
  • Such panels have an inherent electrical memory constituted by the storage of charges produced by an initial discharge on the dielectric charge storage members which stored charges constitute electrical potentials opposite the applied potentials which created them and hence terminate the discharge.
  • the potentialdue to store charges being in the same polarity direction of the succeeding half cycle of applied sustaining potential, aid in initiating the next discharge so that for each cycle of applied sustaining potential therewill be at least two discharges. Since the charges collect rapidly, each discharge lasts for a fraction of a half cycle of applied potential so that light production is a sequence of short flashes.
  • the repetition rate is high enough (for a 50 lcH sustainer there will be 100,000 flashes per second) that the light appears continuous to the human eye.
  • a sequence of discharges once initiated and maintained by the sustaining voltage may be terminated, e.g., a selected site turned off, in a similar manner by applying an erase signal voltage to selected columns and row conductors locating an on site (one at which a sequence of discharges has been initiated which is to be turned off (termination of the sequence of discharges).
  • the application of such erase or off signal voltage pulses may be in the manner disclosed in Johnson et al. pplication Ser. No. 699,170, filed Jan. 18, 1968.
  • the objective is to modify the amount of charge stored so that the potential or field due to the stored charge is insufficient when added to the field due to applied potential to produce a discharge on the following half cycle.
  • Gas discharge panels of the type described above require relatively high operating voltages, the magnitude of which depends upon, among other things, the discharge gap or distance between dielectric storage surfaces, gas mixture and pressure, and thickness of the dielectric.
  • the sustaining voltage is in the range of about 250 to 350 volts peak-to-peak at a frequency or period rate of 30 to 50 kH and a high voltage discharge manipulating pulse preferably of about the same amplitude.
  • each column conductor and each row conductor may use a separate voltage pulse, the initiation of a discharge at a selected site or matrix cross point being determined by the coincidence of voltage pulses on the column and row conductors, half of the voltage on the selected column conductor and half of the high voltage, but of opposite relative polarity, on the row conductor, in the respective arrays in algebraic adding relation to the sustaining voltage.
  • the periodic sustaining voltage is applied in a similar fashion: one-half is applied to all column conductors and one-half, out of phase, is applied to all row conductors.
  • the row and column pulses may be multiplexed.
  • the number of wires to the panel increases proportionately.
  • the degree of resolution is increased by reducing the spacing between conductors (assuming the same size display area) the number of wires to the panel increases in an inversely proportional manner.
  • a signal is produced which effects a lateral shifting of the positions of writing information upon the panel at least one column conductor and, simultaneously, a vertical shifting at least one row conductor.
  • the shifting is done for therow and column conductors simultaneously.
  • the spaces between lines of textual material receive less use than the spaces between the row conductors, it is preferable to shift more in the direction of the column conductors than in the direction of the row conductors. Accordingly, there is a shifting back and forth between the shift in the direction of the row conductors and then back again to an initial position than there is in the vertical direction along the column conductors.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a portion of a gas discharge display panel to which the invention is particularly applicable.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the alphanumeric character use or incidence rate, based on English language textual material, ofa N X M (5 X 7) dot pattern, the numbers in circles being the percent on" time of discharge sites in a character block (N X M large).
  • FIG. 3 is a simplified diagrammatic illustration of the panel of FIG. 1 and FIG. 3A is a block diagram of circuitry for operating same as well as the circuitry for shifting the N X M pattern in accordance with the invention.
  • a gas discharge display panel 10 is constituted by a pair of support plate members 11 and 12, respectively, each of which has on opposing surfaces thereof row and column conductor arrays 13 and 14 which cooperate to define a matrix locating the discharge sites, and a pair of thin dielectric members 15 and 16, respectively, overlying or coated on the conductor arrays and the support plates. Plates 11 and 12 are joined by a spacer sealant means 17 to thus define a thin gas discharge chamber containing a gaseous medium under pressure which produces a copious. supply of charges during discharge at any selected cross point, such charges being collected on and stored within the discrete areas on the surfaces of the dielectric members 15 and I6, respectively.
  • the gas chamber is under about 10 mils thick (dielectric surface to dielectric surface) and, preferably, the spacing is in the order of 4 to 6 mils.
  • Transversely oriented row and column conductor arrays 13 and 14 are supplied with operating potentials for selectively effecting discharges within the thin gas chamber between selected cross points.
  • the conductors in the arrays are extended to alternate edges of their respective plates for connecting to sources of operating potentials.
  • the gas is one which is under relatively high gas pressure so as to localize the discharges within the chamber and to confine charges produced on discharge to within the volume of gas in which they are created.
  • the gas may be a mixture of 99.9 percent atoms of neon and about 0.] percent atoms of argon and at a pressure preferably from about 0.2 atmosphere to about I atmosphere.
  • Other gas compositions and pressures may be used.
  • the outer matrix cross points between the lines labeled BR-l and BR-Z and the lines labeled BC I and BC-2 are maintained in an on state as described in Baker et al. US. Pat. No. 3,499,167, It is for this reason that several conductor lines in these border areas are commonly connected together and to common operating potentials and hence are not directly involved in the practice of the present invention.
  • the gaseous discharge display/memory panel 10 is shown in a simplified form having 20 row conductors R-l, R-2, R-3, R-20 and 31 column conductors C-1, C-2, C-3, C-3l, the crossing points of the row and column conductors in the panel matrix defining addressable discrete discharge sites, each of which is selectively addressable by application of proper potentials to any selected row conductor and any selected column conductor.
  • N is the number of discrete horizontal or row discharge sites or elemental character points and M is the number of discrete vertical or column discharge sites or elemental character points the incidence rate or usage rate for specific character points varies.
  • the specific shape of the characters is decided upon, e.g., the specific placements of points of light, or energized discharge points and the size of the N X M character block
  • the usage rate is determined by the analyzing incidence rate of each specific alphanumeric character in the language (English, French, German, Russian, etc.).
  • a specific example of the results of such an analysis of English language textual material is illustrated in the N X M character block shown in FIG.
  • N is five and M is seven; there being 35 discrete points available to compose each character, the character block being five (along a row conductor) sites wide and seven sites (along a column conductor) high.
  • the numbers at each position denote percent on time of discharge sites in 1 the character block for a generally average location of textual material within the panel. It will be appreciated that for other languages, non-typical English languages etc., the use or incidence rate may be different than those illustrated.
  • the upper left corner site on the first row is on" 39 percent of the time; first site in the second row is on 68 percent of the time and so on.
  • the outer border points are on" a higher percentage of the time than the next inner border points wherein a number of points are on" less than l0 percent of the time.
  • these percentages illustrate the general incidence rates for an average character block of N X M size where N is five and M is seven.
  • the panel is illustrated as one having row conductors, R-l, R-Z, R-3, R-Bt), and 65 column conductors C-l, C-2, C-3, C-65.
  • Each row conductor has its own individual pulser RP-l, RP-Z, RP-3, RP-30.
  • each column conductor is provided with its own voltage pulsing circuit CP-l, CP-2, CP-3, CP-65, which supply pulse potentials to the column conductors which are of an opposite polarity relative to the pulse potentials supplied by the row pulser circuits RP-l, RP-2, RP-3, RP-30, respectively.
  • sustainer potentials are applied from the sustaining potential supplies 50 and 51, sustainer supply 50 being of onehalf the magnitude necessary sustaining voltage and applied through the row pulser circuits RP-I, RP-Z, RI -30.
  • one-half the sustaining voltage for the column conductors is supplied from sustaining supply source 51 which in this embodiment illustrated is 180 out of phase relative to sustainer supply and is applied through an erasing switch to the column pulsers CP-l, CP-Z, 'CP-S, CP-65.
  • operating potential from the row pulsers RP and the column pulsers CP may be supplied in any desired fashion by supplying logic trigger pulses to these pulsing circuits.
  • pulsing circuits are well known and a typical example is the transformer type pulsing circuit disclosed in Johnson U.S. Pat. No. 3,5l3,327, it being understood that solid state type pulsing circuits may be used within the context of the present invention.
  • Information to be entered on panel 10' may be supplied from a computer or from a typewriter keyset or any data source 60 of information of an alphanumeric character which it is desirec to write in pages of text material upon panel 10.
  • the data from source 60 is applied in the form coded data signals on six data lines 61 to a character generator 63 (sometimes called read only memory") and which may be a part of source 60, the output from character generator 63 is composed of seven lines 64-1, 64-2, 64-3. 64-7, which, it will be noted, defines the height of the character block and corresponds to M in the N X M matrix.
  • the five column data lines 62 from decode counter 65 step one column in sychronism with clock 66, to be described later.
  • Decode counter counts to six and resets for the next block. It will be noted clock generator 66 supplies pulses to decode counter 65 which supplies five output lines 62 with pulses to step ROM 63 five times (the N in the character block) and the six is for the space between character blocks.
  • the lines 64-1, 64-2, etc. carry pulses corresponding with the character to be ap plied to the panel.
  • CP-65 in this embodiment are each pulsed individually and, in this embodiment, in sequence regardless of whether there are any pulses on any row conductors (a space between words is the same as a character).
  • any of conductors 64-1, 64-7 have a pulse thereon forming a part of a character to be entered upon the panel, the row conductors to which those pulses have been applied via decode and switch circuit 70, discrete discharges are effected in accordance with the application of voltage pulses on the respective row conductors by means of row pulsers RP-l, RP-2, RP-3, RP-30.
  • row pulsers RP-l, RP-2, RP-3, RP-30 row pulsers
  • the information is written upon the panel by pulsing in sequence each column conductor C-l, C-2, C-3 to the last column conductor C-65.
  • the read only memory 63 takes the data on line 65 from the computer along with the column position information (relative to the text material being entered) lines 62 and converts this into the information to be applied to the row conductors.
  • jitter displacement or motion is illustrated for one discrete discharge point, as for example, the topmost left-hand corner point located by row conductor R-l and column conductor C-l in FIG. 3. (In FIG.
  • the row conductors are labeled RA, RB, RC and RD while the column conductors are labeled CA .and CB.
  • a signal is produced which will effect a shift or displacement in the entering of the information downwardly and to the right to point 2 as located by column conductor CB and row conductor RB.
  • the jittering displacement may be initially leftward andthen downward or strictly downward or strictly latterally as desired in accordance with the format for entering the information onto the panel. For example, if a larger border area is left around the panel then there may be more leftward shifting than rightward shifting. By the same token, if there are more or less unused row conductor lines between lines of textual material, there may be more or less vertical shifting, respectivley, as the case may be.
  • the basic invention involved in the present application is the introduction of a shifting motion, sometimes herein called, jitter motion or displacement, so as to equalize the usage rate for the discrete discharge points in the panel.
  • the format or scheme of jitter displacement described diagrammatically in connection with FIG. 3A is introduced by using the form feed or bulk erase signal or counterpart thereof.
  • the first bulk erase signal is applied (and is usually of two cycles of sustainer to effect efficient erasure) to switch 60 to open this switch to thereby remove one-half the sustainer potential from source 51 from all of the column conductors so that any discharge points which have been in a sustained or on state are thereby turned off.”
  • the sustainer potential from both source 50 and 51 are applied to the respective row and column conductors by way of the pulser circuits RP for the row conductors and CP for the column conductors.
  • the writing rate for entering data upon the panel is controlled essentially by clock 66 and this may be operated in synchronism with a signal (not shown) from data source 60.
  • the system is arranged so that initially on the first page of textual information, the first row line R-1 and the next six row lines (to row conductor No. 7) corresponding to M in the N X M character matrix, are utilized for the entry of information in the manner described herein. However, it will be noted that the next three lines 8, 9 and 10 are included within this group.
  • the pulsers associated with this group of row conductors RP are each provided with the output of an associated AND gate 70-1, 70-2, 70-10, each of which receives a common input on bus conductor 7l-A which, in turn, receives its output from carriage return or textual line signal counter circuit 72.
  • the next group of row conductors, namely, row conductors 11-20 have their respective AND gates 70-10 70-20 connected to receive as a common input output signals appearing on lines 7l-B on carriage return or line counter 72.
  • the next and each following or succeeding group of 10 row conductors are connected to receive the signal voltage appearing on output lines 7l-C of carriage return counter 72.
  • shift register 90 its application of pulses in sequence to column pulsers CP-l, CP-2, CP-65, is, in general, conventional andexcept for the addition of an additional pulse on alternate bulky erase or sometimes called form feed signals from the data source 60 to signify the entry of a new page of information upon the panel.
  • the output from clock 66 is applied through gate 96 as input or shifting pulsesto shift register 90.
  • gate 96 has as a second input a singal corresponding to the carriage return signal applied to counter 72. This signal is used to prevent the stepping of shift register 90 and resets the shift register at its initial position, corresponding to the left-hand side of the panel for entry of information thereto (the carriage return signal could also be used simply to reset shift register 90).
  • counter 95 The function of counter 95 is tosupply all the form feed signals an additional signal to shift register prior to the entry thereto of information from the clock 66 so that shift register 90, instead of starting to supply an output pulse on output line numbered 1, in effect applies its first output pulse to line 2 thereof on the first form feed or bulk erase signal.
  • the jitter displacement or motion format diagrammatically illustrated in FIG. 3A is carried out by the apparatus just described.
  • alphanumeric characters are written in a p'lurality of N X M cross point positions where N equals the number of row conductors assigned per character position and M equals the number of column conductors assigned per said character positions, comprising the steps of,
  • a gas discharge display panel having a rowcolumn conductor cross point matrix for exciting a thin gaseous medium and wherein pages of textual material constituted by alphanumeric characters are entered as successive lines of text material with spacing at least between successive lines of said text material, the improvement comprising means for introducing a discrete displacement of at least one conductor position to each successive page of alphanumeric textual material.
  • said means for introducing a discrete displacement includes a counter means for counting such successive page of textual material by way of counting each full page erase signal.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
US00097307A 1970-12-11 1970-12-11 Method and apparatus for operating row-column matrix panels and devices Expired - Lifetime US3753038A (en)

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CA (1) CA959958A (it)
DE (1) DE2160752A1 (it)
FR (1) FR2117661A5 (it)
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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USB361347I5 (it) * 1973-05-17 1975-01-28
US3903516A (en) * 1973-06-26 1975-09-02 Ibm Control logic for gas discharge display panel
US3931537A (en) * 1973-02-27 1976-01-06 Nippon Electric Company Limited Matrix electrode gas discharge display panel having terminals spaced wider than electrodes
US3976995A (en) * 1975-05-22 1976-08-24 Sanders Associates, Inc. Precessing display pager
US4132984A (en) * 1976-05-20 1979-01-02 Liquid Xtal Displays Inc. Liquid crystal display
EP0009675A1 (de) * 1978-10-03 1980-04-16 International Business Machines Corporation Gasentladungsbildschirm mit senkrecht zueinander ausgerichteten Leitungszugssätzen
JPS5629279A (en) * 1979-08-18 1981-03-24 Fujitsu Ltd Plate type display unit
USRE32365E (en) * 1975-05-22 1987-03-03 Sanders Associates, Inc. Precessing display pager

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3962700A (en) * 1974-12-30 1976-06-08 Ibm Corporation Alphanumeric gas display panel with modular control
JPS5584987A (en) * 1978-12-20 1980-06-26 Ricoh Kk Display control system for dottmatrix display unit

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2971116A (en) * 1957-11-04 1961-02-07 Rca Corp Television camera system
US3335220A (en) * 1964-06-04 1967-08-08 Itt Camera tube target protection system employing variable raster size to prevent burn-in
US3499167A (en) * 1967-11-24 1970-03-03 Owens Illinois Inc Gas discharge display memory device and method of operating
US3513327A (en) * 1968-01-19 1970-05-19 Owens Illinois Inc Low impedance pulse generator

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2971116A (en) * 1957-11-04 1961-02-07 Rca Corp Television camera system
US3335220A (en) * 1964-06-04 1967-08-08 Itt Camera tube target protection system employing variable raster size to prevent burn-in
US3499167A (en) * 1967-11-24 1970-03-03 Owens Illinois Inc Gas discharge display memory device and method of operating
US3513327A (en) * 1968-01-19 1970-05-19 Owens Illinois Inc Low impedance pulse generator

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3931537A (en) * 1973-02-27 1976-01-06 Nippon Electric Company Limited Matrix electrode gas discharge display panel having terminals spaced wider than electrodes
USB361347I5 (it) * 1973-05-17 1975-01-28
US3914642A (en) * 1973-05-17 1975-10-21 Northern Electric Co Electrical luminescent display devices
US3903516A (en) * 1973-06-26 1975-09-02 Ibm Control logic for gas discharge display panel
US3976995A (en) * 1975-05-22 1976-08-24 Sanders Associates, Inc. Precessing display pager
USRE32365E (en) * 1975-05-22 1987-03-03 Sanders Associates, Inc. Precessing display pager
US4132984A (en) * 1976-05-20 1979-01-02 Liquid Xtal Displays Inc. Liquid crystal display
EP0009675A1 (de) * 1978-10-03 1980-04-16 International Business Machines Corporation Gasentladungsbildschirm mit senkrecht zueinander ausgerichteten Leitungszugssätzen
JPS5629279A (en) * 1979-08-18 1981-03-24 Fujitsu Ltd Plate type display unit
JPS612948B2 (it) * 1979-08-18 1986-01-29 Fujitsu Ltd

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FR2117661A5 (it) 1972-07-21
DE2160752A1 (de) 1972-06-22
IT945291B (it) 1973-05-10
GB1373301A (en) 1974-11-06
CA959958A (en) 1974-12-24

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