US3752215A - Continuous casting apparatus for shaped metal bodies - Google Patents

Continuous casting apparatus for shaped metal bodies Download PDF

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Publication number
US3752215A
US3752215A US00196972A US3752215DA US3752215A US 3752215 A US3752215 A US 3752215A US 00196972 A US00196972 A US 00196972A US 3752215D A US3752215D A US 3752215DA US 3752215 A US3752215 A US 3752215A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
slag
molten metal
molding cavity
casting molds
improvement
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00196972A
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English (en)
Inventor
K Torikai
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/006—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D23/00—Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D1/00 - B22D21/00
    • B22D23/06—Melting-down metal, e.g. metal particles, in the mould
    • B22D23/10—Electroslag casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B22F2009/0848—Melting process before atomisation
    • B22F2009/0852—Electroslag melting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a continuous method and apparatus for casting hollow metallic shaped body ies (eg. metal tubes, pipes, etc.) or solid metallic shaped bodies (e.g. structural members having irregular cross sections, such as metal rods, rolls, channel materials, etc.), and more particularly to a method and apparatus suitable for the continuous casting of steel materials.
  • hollow metallic shaped body ies eg. metal tubes, pipes, etc.
  • solid metallic shaped bodies e.g. structural members having irregular cross sections, such as metal rods, rolls, channel materials, etc.
  • a molten metal is continuously poured at a predetermined rate into a molding cavity from the upper side thereof, and a solidified metallic shell is continuously formed in the molding cavity by the cooling action of casting molds, whereby a metallic shaped body is continuously formed.
  • the metallic shaped body is continuously drawn downwardly to thereby obtain a metallic shaped body of a desired shape.
  • a slag bath having a relatively large depth, a high temperature and good flowability by means of electric resistance heat.
  • the molten metal is poured into the molding cavity through the slag bath.
  • FIG. l is a schematic illustration, with parts broken away and shown in cross section, of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 2(A) and 2(8) are top views schematically illustrating arrangements for forming hollow shaped metallic articles in accordance with 'the present invention
  • FIGS. 3(A) and 3(8) are top views schematically illustrating arrangements for forming solid shaped metallic ⁇ articles in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIGS. 4-6 are schematic illustrations, with parts broken away and in cross section, of modified embodiments of the present invention.
  • reference numeral I designates-awatercooled outer casting mold
  • 2 designates a watercooled inner casting mold (core).
  • the gap between these casting molds l and 2 forms a molding cavity in which the hollow shaped metallic body is to be continuously cast.
  • Reference numeral 3 designates a nonconsumable electrode arranged above the gap between the casting molds l and 2, i.e. the molding cavity, with the lower end thereof projecting a suitable distance into the cavity.
  • Reference numeral 4 designates a frame for holding the non-consumable electrode 3 and which is constructed to be cooled by water or air.
  • Reference numeral 5 designates a power source slidably electrically connected to the molded body 12 and electrically connected as shown in FIG.
  • Reference numeral 6 designates a tundish for storing molten metal received from a ladle.
  • the tundish 6 is arranged above the casting molds 1 and 2, and provided in the bottom portion thereof,
  • Reference numeral 7 designates a heatresistant protective tube connected to the discharge opening of the nozzle 6a and extending from the discharge opening to a point adjacent the top end of the molding cavity.
  • the protective tube 7 serves to prevent the molten metal, flowing downwardly from the nozzle 6a, from expanding outwardly.
  • FIG. 2(A) there is shown a plan view of the device of FIG. l, but wherein three nozzles 6a are equally spaced around the molding cavity, and wherein three non-consumable electrodes 3 are similarly equally spaced therearound.
  • FIG. 2(B) represents a modification of the arrangement of FIG. 2(A) and shows only two nozzles 6a, but six non-consumable electrodes 3.
  • FIG. 3(A) there is shown a plan view of an arrangement for the formation of a solid shaped metallic body wherein two nozzles 6a and three nonconsumable electrodes 3 are employed.
  • FIG. 3(8) is similar to FIG. 3(A), but shows the use of a total of l2 non-consumable electrodes 3.
  • Reference numeral 8 designates a slag bath located in the upper portion of the molding cavity, and the composition of which may be optional provided that it can be heated by electric resistance and is highly flowable.
  • slag bath 8 may be of the type used in ordinary electroslag melting.
  • Reference numeral 9 designates a metal bath which is formed after the molten metal supplied from the nozzle 6a of the tundish 6 has passed through the slag bath 8 formed in the upper portion of the molding cavity. The upper surface of the metal bath 9 is always maintained at a high temperature by the slag bath 8.
  • Reference numeral l0 designates slag films naturally formed on the surfaces of the casting molds when the slag bath 8 flows downwardly along the surfaces thereof while being cooled.
  • the slag films 10 are relatively small in thickness and highly viscous, and perform a lubricating action between the casting molds and a solidified shell l1 to be described later, a protective action against the constraction of the solidified shell ll and a slow-cooling action.
  • the slag bath 8 is always sufficiently heated by the electric resistance heat and is highly flowable as described above.
  • the temperature and depth of the slag bath 8 and the amount of heat cooled by the casting molds can be freely adjusted by the amount and temperature of cool ing-water supplied to molds l and 2 by cooling-water supplies 1a and 2a, respectively. Therefore, the thickness of the slag films 10 can also be controlled. According to experiments, it has been found that slag films l0 of 0.2 2.0 mm in thickness can be obtained.
  • Reference numeral 11 designates the solitified shell continuously formed as a result of the metal bath 9 being cooled by the casting molds through the abovementioned slag films l0 which are naturally formed on the surface of theV casting molds. Since the solidified shell ll is cooled by the casting molds through the slag films l0 as stated above, the amount of heat absorbed by the casting molds is relatively small and hence the solidified shell is formed relatively slowly and the position-of solidfication thereof will not rapidly change or substantially vary. Further, since the solidified shell is surrounded by the viscous slag films l0, it will not be melt-bonded to the casting molds nor will it tighten the inner casting mold 2 as in previous molding methods.
  • Reference numeral 12 designates a hollow metallic shaped body continuously formed as a result of the solidified shell ll being further cooled by the casting molds.
  • the hollow metallic shaped body l2 is drawn out of the casting molds downwardly by pinch rolls or other conventionally known suitable drawing means (not shown) provided below the casting molds, at a rate suitable to maintain the surface of the metal bath 9 at a constant level.
  • Reference numeral 13 designates secondary cooling means provided below and adjacent the casting molds. By the water supplied through pipes 13a and 13b and jetting from the cooling means 13, the hollow metallic shaped body l2 is cooled and the slag'films l0 attached to the inner and outer peripheral surfaces thereof are removed in the vicinity of the outlet end of the molding cavity.
  • the cooling of the hollow metallic shaped body l2by the secondary cooling means 13 does not have any detrimental effect on the slag films 10 at the portion where the molten metal starts to form the solidified shell 1 l, but rather brings about such desirable result as increasing the thickness of the solidified shell ll at the lower portion of the molding cavity and shortening the range in which the molten metal is solidified. Where the thickness of the shaped body to be cast is large, this secondary cooling is necessary because the amount of heat absorbed by the casting molds from the molten metal is relatively small as stated above.
  • a start piece is first inserted into the molding cavity from the lower side thereof as in conventional methods, and the material to form the slag bath 8 is heated in a separate crucible by electric resistance heat to form a molten slag.
  • the molten slag thus formed is poured into the upper portion of the molding cavity to form the slag bath 8. It is preferable that the depth of the slag bath is generally on the order of about 30-80 mm. The temperature can be easily adjusted and the heat capacity can be maintained at a suitable level.
  • the molten metal is fed from the nozzle 6a of the tundish 6 into the molding cavity at a predetermined rate and the start piece is continuously lowered. Thereby, the molten metal moves down through the slag bath 8 and forms the metal bath 9. ln this case, part of the slag bath 8 has already been cooled by the casting molds and the viscous slag films l0 have been formed on the surfaces of the casting molds. Therefore, the metal bath 9 formed in the manner described is cooled through the slag films 10 and continuously forms the solidified shell 11. The solidified shell 11 is further cooled by the casting molds and the hollow metallic shaped body l2 is continuously formed and drawn out downwardly by the drawing means.
  • the shape of the solidified shell 1l will not be caused to change rapidly due to a rapid change of the axial temperature gradient or other thermal conditions, and hence the position of solidification of the shell can be easily controlled.
  • the slag films 10 present between the solidified shell and the hollow metallic shaped body l2 and the casting molds provide lubrication between the casting molds and the solidified shell ll, protect the solidified shell ll against contraction and cause the solidified shell 11 to cool slowly. Therefore, the solidified shell ll is formed relatively slowly and the position of solidification thereof does not shift as stated above.
  • the hollow metallic shaped body 12 formed and drawn in the manner described has the slag l0 detached from the inner and outer surfaces thereof and is further cooled by the jets of water from the secondary cooling means, and is thus taken out as a finished product.
  • the continuous casting system of the present invention is characterized by the following advantages:
  • the cooling speed of the molten metal is relatively slow as compared with conventional methods and hence a rapid shifting and the solidifying position does not occur. That is, it is easy to control solidification conditions and, therefore, the inner casting mold 2 is not tightened by the solidified shell l1 and the solidified shell 1l is not split or cracked, and the danger of the molten metal becoming blown out is eliminated.
  • the hollow metallic shaped body l2 can be smoothly drawn out, thus eliminating the formation of flaws and other defects occurring on the surface of the shaped metallic body.
  • the present invention provides a novel solution to all of the heretofore unsolved problems previously set forth.
  • FIG. 4 Another embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 4 and diers from that shown in FIG. l in that cooling means 14 is provided integrally at the lower portion of the casting molds for cooling that portion of the solidified shell ll by injecting air or water into a slight gap formed by the contraction thereof.
  • cooling means 14 is provided integrally at the lower portion of the casting molds for cooling that portion of the solidified shell ll by injecting air or water into a slight gap formed by the contraction thereof.
  • Such an arrangement has the advantage that the cooling speed of the shaped body l2 can be automatically adjusted in proportion to the size of the gap. ln this case, the hot air or aqueous vapoi generated in the gap does not have any detrimental effect on the solidified shell l1 and the shaped body l2, since the solidified shell ll and the shaped body -12 are surrounded and protected by the slag films l0.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 are adapted particularly for continuous casting of shaped bodies of small thicknesses and differ from the embodiment of FIG. l in that a graphite lining l5 is provided on a portion only (in case of FIG. 5) or on the entire surface (in case of FIG. 6) of the inner wall of each casting mold, thereby to further slow down the cooling speed of the molten metal.
  • a graphite lining l5 is provided on a portion only (in case of FIG. 5) or on the entire surface (in case of FIG. 6) of the inner wall of each casting mold, thereby to further slow down the cooling speed of the molten metal.
  • the cooling speed of the molten metal is further reduced by the graphite lining l5 as mentioned above, there is the additional advantage that the position of solidification and the cooling speed may be easily controlled, even when the shaped body is thin. Hence the casting of a thin shaped body can be easily achieved.
  • an apparatus for continuously casting shaped metallic bodies including casting molds forming therebetween a molding cavity and means positioned above said molding cavity for pouring molten metal therein, said molten metal solidifying by contact with said casting molds; the improvement comprising a slag bath positioned in the upper portion of said cavity; means for maintaining said slag bath at a high temperature and in a liquid state, said means comprising at least one nonconsumable electrode means mounted in at least one predetermined position dependent upon the shape of said shaped bodies for heating said slag both by electric resistance heat; and means separate from said electrode means for depositing said molten metal directly on top of said slag bath, whereby said molten metal passed through said slag bath.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
US00196972A 1970-11-12 1971-11-09 Continuous casting apparatus for shaped metal bodies Expired - Lifetime US3752215A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP45099057A JPS4937617B1 (xx) 1970-11-12 1970-11-12

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US3752215A true US3752215A (en) 1973-08-14

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US00196972A Expired - Lifetime US3752215A (en) 1970-11-12 1971-11-09 Continuous casting apparatus for shaped metal bodies

Country Status (8)

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US (1) US3752215A (xx)
JP (1) JPS4937617B1 (xx)
BE (1) BE774294A (xx)
DE (1) DE2156382C3 (xx)
FR (1) FR2113847B1 (xx)
GB (1) GB1369043A (xx)
IT (1) IT940549B (xx)
NL (1) NL152471B (xx)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3921703A (en) * 1972-06-15 1975-11-25 Rheinstahl Huettenwerke Ag Water-cooled sliding mold for electro slag remelting
US4177058A (en) * 1977-09-22 1979-12-04 Institut Elektrosvarki Imeni E.O. Patona Akademii Nauk Ukrainskoi Ssr Method for producing a non-split metal workpiece formed as a cast hollow billet with a bottom part
WO2001062418A1 (en) * 2000-02-23 2001-08-30 General Electric Company Hollows casting systems and methods
WO2001062419A1 (en) * 2000-02-23 2001-08-30 General Electric Company Clean melt nucleated casting systems and methods with cooling of the casting
CN110340316A (zh) * 2019-07-11 2019-10-18 张家港高合特种合金材料有限公司 一种易偏析合金管的制备方法及装置
CN113926865A (zh) * 2020-06-29 2022-01-14 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 铸坯夹渣预报方法、机清控制方法、计算设备及存储介质

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2191477A (en) * 1938-08-16 1940-02-27 Kellogg M W Co Method for manufacturing cast metal bodies
US2380238A (en) * 1944-01-21 1945-07-10 Kellogg M W Co Method and apparatus for producing cast metal bodies
US2380109A (en) * 1943-07-29 1945-07-10 Kellogg M W Co Method and apparatus for casting metal bodies
US3124855A (en) * 1964-03-17 Baier
US3318363A (en) * 1965-03-18 1967-05-09 Oglebay Norton Co Continuous casting method with degassed glass-like blanket
US3331430A (en) * 1964-09-10 1967-07-18 Kennecott Copper Corp Continuous casting apparatus for casting hollow billets
US3610319A (en) * 1968-02-12 1971-10-05 Boehler & Co Ag Geb Apparatus for the production of hollow ingots of metal by electric slag refining
US3627293A (en) * 1969-03-14 1971-12-14 Leybold Heraeus Verwaltung Apparatus for purifying metals by pouring through slag
US3683997A (en) * 1971-06-09 1972-08-15 Metsubishi Jukogyo Kk Electroslag remelting process

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2369233A (en) * 1943-01-26 1945-02-13 Kellogg M W Co Method and apparatus for producing metal
US2445670A (en) * 1944-02-03 1948-07-20 Kellogg M W Co Apparatus for producing cast metal bodies
DE1289254B (de) * 1964-12-04 1969-02-13 Suedwestfalen Ag Stahlwerke Verfahren zur Vermeidung der Aufkupferung von Strangguss aus dem Kokillwenwerkstoff
CA847777A (en) * 1967-07-12 1970-07-28 Grigorievich Voskoboinikov Viktor Method of casting metals and alloys in a mold, and a device for effecting same

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3124855A (en) * 1964-03-17 Baier
US2191477A (en) * 1938-08-16 1940-02-27 Kellogg M W Co Method for manufacturing cast metal bodies
US2380109A (en) * 1943-07-29 1945-07-10 Kellogg M W Co Method and apparatus for casting metal bodies
US2380238A (en) * 1944-01-21 1945-07-10 Kellogg M W Co Method and apparatus for producing cast metal bodies
US3331430A (en) * 1964-09-10 1967-07-18 Kennecott Copper Corp Continuous casting apparatus for casting hollow billets
US3318363A (en) * 1965-03-18 1967-05-09 Oglebay Norton Co Continuous casting method with degassed glass-like blanket
US3610319A (en) * 1968-02-12 1971-10-05 Boehler & Co Ag Geb Apparatus for the production of hollow ingots of metal by electric slag refining
US3627293A (en) * 1969-03-14 1971-12-14 Leybold Heraeus Verwaltung Apparatus for purifying metals by pouring through slag
US3683997A (en) * 1971-06-09 1972-08-15 Metsubishi Jukogyo Kk Electroslag remelting process

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3921703A (en) * 1972-06-15 1975-11-25 Rheinstahl Huettenwerke Ag Water-cooled sliding mold for electro slag remelting
US4177058A (en) * 1977-09-22 1979-12-04 Institut Elektrosvarki Imeni E.O. Patona Akademii Nauk Ukrainskoi Ssr Method for producing a non-split metal workpiece formed as a cast hollow billet with a bottom part
WO2001062418A1 (en) * 2000-02-23 2001-08-30 General Electric Company Hollows casting systems and methods
WO2001062419A1 (en) * 2000-02-23 2001-08-30 General Electric Company Clean melt nucleated casting systems and methods with cooling of the casting
KR100718406B1 (ko) * 2000-02-23 2007-05-14 제너럴 일렉트릭 캄파니 주조 장치 및 주조 방법
CN110340316A (zh) * 2019-07-11 2019-10-18 张家港高合特种合金材料有限公司 一种易偏析合金管的制备方法及装置
CN113926865A (zh) * 2020-06-29 2022-01-14 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 铸坯夹渣预报方法、机清控制方法、计算设备及存储介质
CN113926865B (zh) * 2020-06-29 2024-03-08 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 铸坯夹渣预报方法、机清控制方法、计算设备及存储介质

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4937617B1 (xx) 1974-10-11
IT940549B (it) 1973-02-20
DE2156382A1 (de) 1972-06-29
GB1369043A (en) 1974-10-02
FR2113847B1 (xx) 1974-05-31
NL152471B (nl) 1977-03-15
DE2156382C3 (de) 1975-10-02
FR2113847A1 (xx) 1972-06-30
DE2156382B2 (de) 1975-02-13
NL7115533A (xx) 1972-05-16
BE774294A (fr) 1972-02-14

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