US2130202A - Continuously casting pipe - Google Patents

Continuously casting pipe Download PDF

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US2130202A
US2130202A US151241A US15124137A US2130202A US 2130202 A US2130202 A US 2130202A US 151241 A US151241 A US 151241A US 15124137 A US15124137 A US 15124137A US 2130202 A US2130202 A US 2130202A
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Prior art keywords
mold
tube
mandrel
metal
pipe
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US151241A
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Tama Manuel
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/006—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of tubes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for continuously casting pipes or tubes adapted to be further treated by rolling, drawing and the like.
  • the new method may be 5 utilized for casting tubes or pipes from all suitable metals used in the industry, as steel, copper, brass, aluminium, etc. It is further adapted to produce pipes or tubes having walls of such thicknesses as to be able to be further treated according to usual methods, that is to say, tubes or pipes are intended to be produced having wall thicknesses of about 4-10 mm. and a diameter of about 40-200 mm.
  • the method according to the present invention consists in this, that the metal is poured from above into a mold which, in a well known manner, may be reciprocated in the direction of its 20 longitudinal axis, and that the solidified tube or pipe is drawn off from the mold by means of a conveying device, the solidification heat being substantially conducted away from the interior to the exterior.
  • the new method is further characterized by using an artificially cooled mold and a mandrel of ceramic material as exterior and interior mold respectively.
  • the liquid hot metal is preferably supplied in the direction from the axis to the exterior circumference of the tube or pipe to be formed.
  • the apparatus forming the subject matter of the invention substantially consists of a hollow tube serving to pour in the liquid metal, the lower end of said tube being closed .by a bottom and provided with lateral outlet openings.
  • the pouring in tube advantageously simultaneously serves to carry the ceramic mandrel which 59 preferably consists of graphite.
  • Fig. 1 is an elevation of a casting apparatus partly in section
  • Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 is a detail sectional view showing on a 5 larger scale the upper end of the mold.
  • the liquid metal contained in a ladle l is m poured into an intermediate receptacle 2, consisting of refractory material.
  • the intermediate receptacle 2 is provided with a partition wall 3 provided at the lower end with an opening 4, so that the two compartments 5 and 6 of the re- 15 ceptacle 2 communicate with each other.
  • the metal supplied to the compartment 5 directly flows into the compartment 6.
  • the two compartments 5 and 6 communicate with each other at the bottom only, the slags floating 20 on the upper surface of the metal in the compartment 5 of the receptacle 2 cannot reach the compartment 6.
  • the metal from the compartment 6 flows through a pipe 1 consisting of suit-' able material and provided at the lower end with 5 outlets 8 opening into the mold 9 which is surrounded by a space l0 cooled by water or another liquid.
  • the cooling water is supplied through a socket II and withdrawn through a pipe ii.
  • the water-cooled mold 9 together with the water space I0, the socket H and pipe i2, are, in a well known manner, reciprocated in the longitudinal direction of the pipe to be produced, and this reciprocation may, for instance, be efiected by an eccentric means l3, l4 driven by means of a pulley IS.
  • the rolls l8 are driven by means of a worm l9, fixed upon the shaft of the pulley i5 and engaging a worm wheel 20 connected to one of the rolls H3.
  • the mandrel l6 consists of ceramic material and is intentionally not made of metal to prevent heat from being conducted away from the interior.
  • An essential point in carrying out the new method is the withdrawal of heat to the exterior by the contact of the liquid metal with the cooled walls of the mold 9.
  • the poured in material very quickly shrinks at the point of contact with the wall of the mold 9, so that a hollow space is formed between the pipe or tube l1 and the wall of the mold 9 which hollow space is the greater, the more the tube produced progresses downwardly.
  • heat is disbursed by radiation to the exterior.
  • the mandrel l6 consists of a ceramic material and is not cooled, but on, the contrary is continuously maintained upon higher temperatures by the flowing in metal, practically no heat is conducted away from the interior of the pipe or tube l1. Moreover, in this manner the portions of the tube ll facing the q centre slower solidify than the exterior portions. The metal, therefore, more slowly shrinks at the interior portions than at the exterior portions and sticking of the tube or pipe I! to the mandrel I6 is already prevented by this essential measure, 1. e. by conducting away heat to the exterior only.
  • a further measure for preventing sticking of the tube or pipe I] to the mandrel I6 is the manufacture of the mandrel of graphite, a material upon which, as is well known, most metals have no moistening effect.
  • Fig. 3 shows on a larger scale further details of the most important portions of the casting mold and the mandrel, i. e. the part of the apparatus, at which the tube or pipe is formed.
  • the molten metal is introduced into the casting mold by means of the tube 1 consisting of a material resisting the attack of the metal poured into it.
  • a material resisting the attack of the metal poured into it are known either as ceramic or as metallic materials.
  • the heating of the tube 1 to the temperature of the metal flowing through may, in a well known manner be effected, for instance by means of electric resistances so as to prevent solidification of the metal between the walls.
  • the lower end of the pipe I is provided with a bottom 2
  • is a bolt 22 serving to connect the mandrel l6 consisting of a ceramic material.
  • the mandrel I6 is held by means of a washer 23 and a pin 24.
  • 9 is the wall of the casting mold which, in a well known manner, is made of copper and surrounded by a water space iii to obtain a violent cooling effect.
  • the movement of the casting mold 9 in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the tube 1 may be chosen as desired provided this movement allows the formation of the tube or pipe l1.
  • this movement is so chosen that 11., downward movement of the casting mold 9 cor responds to the feed of the tube or pipe II, whereas the upward movement is relatively fast, as is -mold, a mandrel arranged in said mold in spaced relation to the inner periphery thereof, a tube to support said mandrel and to supply melted metal to be cast, said tube being spaced from the inner periphery of said mold a distance greater than said mandrel to provide an annular space above said mandrel of greater cross section than that of the tube to be cast.
  • a device for continuously casting metal tubes comprising, a water cooled mold, a mandrel arranged in said mold in spaced relation to the inner periphery thereof, said mandrel being composed of a refractory substance and having its greatest diameter at the top thereof, a. tube of less diameter than the mandrel to support said mandrel and to supply metal to be cast, and said tube being closed at its lower end and having openings directly above the closure.
  • a device for continuously casting metal tubes comprising, a water cooled mold, a mandrel arranged in said mold in spaced relation to the inner periphery thereof, a tube of smaller diameter than said mandrel arranged coaxially of said mold, a plate closing the lower end of said tube, a bolt depending from said plate to support said mandrel, and openings in said tube above said plate.
  • a device for continuously casting metal tubes comprising, a mold, means rapidly to conduct heat away from said mold, a mandrel supported in said mold in spaced relation to the inner periphery thereof, said mandrel being of a substance of low heat conductivity so that the exterior surface of a cast tube will cool faster than the interior surface thereof, said mandrel having its greatest diameter at the top, means to introduce melted metal to be cast into said mold above said mandrel, and means to remove a cast tube from said mold below said mandrel.
  • the method of casting continuous lengths of seamless metal tubes which comprises, continu-- ously feeding molten metal into an annular mold between a sleeve and a mandrel, causing said cast tube to cool on its exterior surface and shrink away from said sleeve, later causing said cast tube to cool on its interior surface and shrink away from said mandrel, and finally withdrawing the solidified tube from beneath said mold.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)

Description

Sept. 13, 1938. M. TAMA CONTINUOUSLY CASTING PIPES Filed June 30, 1937 Zzvenlonflfamve/ 7677M.
Zz/J/M w @444? 7%QJJM Patented Sept. 13, 1938 UNITED STATES,
2,130,202- CONTINUOUSLY oss'rmo PIPE Manuel Tama, Zurich, Switzerland Application June 30, 1937, Serial No. 151,241 In Germany August 18, 1936 Claims.
The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for continuously casting pipes or tubes adapted to be further treated by rolling, drawing and the like. The new method may be 5 utilized for casting tubes or pipes from all suitable metals used in the industry, as steel, copper, brass, aluminium, etc. It is further adapted to produce pipes or tubes having walls of such thicknesses as to be able to be further treated according to usual methods, that is to say, tubes or pipes are intended to be produced having wall thicknesses of about 4-10 mm. and a diameter of about 40-200 mm.
Under the expression continuously casting the production of tubes or pipes in infinite length is to be understood. By connecting a cutting device to the casting apparatus it is, however, possible to produce tubes or pipes of suitable length for the further manufacture.
Various methods have already been proposed to produce castings of solid cross section and some of these methods have been successful in practice. For the production of hollow castings, however, no methods are known hitherto which have been successful in practice.
The method according to the present invention consists in this, that the metal is poured from above into a mold which, in a well known manner, may be reciprocated in the direction of its 20 longitudinal axis, and that the solidified tube or pipe is drawn off from the mold by means of a conveying device, the solidification heat being substantially conducted away from the interior to the exterior.
3' The new method is further characterized by using an artificially cooled mold and a mandrel of ceramic material as exterior and interior mold respectively. The liquid hot metal is preferably supplied in the direction from the axis to the exterior circumference of the tube or pipe to be formed.
The apparatus forming the subject matter of the invention substantially consists of a hollow tube serving to pour in the liquid metal, the lower end of said tube being closed .by a bottom and provided with lateral outlet openings. The pouring in tube advantageously simultaneously serves to carry the ceramic mandrel which 59 preferably consists of graphite.
One embodiment of an apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention is shown by way of example in the accompanying drawing.
5 In this drawing:
Fig. 1 is an elevation of a casting apparatus partly in section,
Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 is a detail sectional view showing on a 5 larger scale the upper end of the mold.
' The operation of the method and the apparatus may first of all be explained by the aid of Figures 1 and 2.
The liquid metal contained in a ladle l is m poured into an intermediate receptacle 2, consisting of refractory material. The intermediate receptacle 2 is provided with a partition wall 3 provided at the lower end with an opening 4, so that the two compartments 5 and 6 of the re- 15 ceptacle 2 communicate with each other. The metal supplied to the compartment 5 directly flows into the compartment 6. As, however, the two compartments 5 and 6 communicate with each other at the bottom only, the slags floating 20 on the upper surface of the metal in the compartment 5 of the receptacle 2 cannot reach the compartment 6. The metal from the compartment 6 flows through a pipe 1 consisting of suit-' able material and provided at the lower end with 5 outlets 8 opening into the mold 9 which is surrounded by a space l0 cooled by water or another liquid.
The cooling water is supplied through a socket II and withdrawn through a pipe ii. The water-cooled mold 9 together with the water space I0, the socket H and pipe i2, are, in a well known manner, reciprocated in the longitudinal direction of the pipe to be produced, and this reciprocation may, for instance, be efiected by an eccentric means l3, l4 driven by means of a pulley IS.
The metal flowing through the pipe I fills the space between the exterior wall of the mold 9 and the interior mandrel l6. In this manner, a 4( tube or pipe I! is produced which slowly is withdrawn from below by rolls l8.
The rolls l8 are driven by means of a worm l9, fixed upon the shaft of the pulley i5 and engaging a worm wheel 20 connected to one of the rolls H3.
The mandrel l6 consists of ceramic material and is intentionally not made of metal to prevent heat from being conducted away from the interior. An essential point in carrying out the new method is the withdrawal of heat to the exterior by the contact of the liquid metal with the cooled walls of the mold 9. As known from experience, the poured in material very quickly shrinks at the point of contact with the wall of the mold 9, so that a hollow space is formed between the pipe or tube l1 and the wall of the mold 9 which hollow space is the greater, the more the tube produced progresses downwardly. In spite of the fact, that after shrinkage no contact exists any more with the wall of the mold, heat is disbursed by radiation to the exterior.
As the mandrel l6 consists of a ceramic material and is not cooled, but on, the contrary is continuously maintained upon higher temperatures by the flowing in metal, practically no heat is conducted away from the interior of the pipe or tube l1. Moreover, in this manner the portions of the tube ll facing the q centre slower solidify than the exterior portions. The metal, therefore, more slowly shrinks at the interior portions than at the exterior portions and sticking of the tube or pipe I! to the mandrel I6 is already prevented by this essential measure, 1. e. by conducting away heat to the exterior only.
A further measure for preventing sticking of the tube or pipe I] to the mandrel I6 is the manufacture of the mandrel of graphite, a material upon which, as is well known, most metals have no moistening effect.
Finally it is of great importance to use a mandrel i6 which is tapered in such a manner, that its diameter decreases towards the lower end.
Fig. 3 shows on a larger scale further details of the most important portions of the casting mold and the mandrel, i. e. the part of the apparatus, at which the tube or pipe is formed.
Here again the molten metal is introduced into the casting mold by means of the tube 1 consisting of a material resisting the attack of the metal poured into it. Such materials are known either as ceramic or as metallic materials. The heating of the tube 1 to the temperature of the metal flowing through may, in a well known manner be effected, for instance by means of electric resistances so as to prevent solidification of the metal between the walls. The lower end of the pipe I is provided with a bottom 2| and with a plurality of openings 8, through which the metal may flow out. These outlets preferably extend to the bottom 2|, so that no bags whatever are formed, which would prevent the free flow of the metal. Welded to the bottom 2| is a bolt 22 serving to connect the mandrel l6 consisting of a ceramic material. The mandrel I6 is held by means of a washer 23 and a pin 24. In this figure, 9 is the wall of the casting mold which, in a well known manner, is made of copper and surrounded by a water space iii to obtain a violent cooling effect.
The movement of the casting mold 9 in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the tube 1 may be chosen as desired provided this movement allows the formation of the tube or pipe l1.
Preferably, this movement is so chosen that 11., downward movement of the casting mold 9 cor responds to the feed of the tube or pipe II, whereas the upward movement is relatively fast, as is -mold, a mandrel arranged in said mold in spaced relation to the inner periphery thereof, a tube to support said mandrel and to supply melted metal to be cast, said tube being spaced from the inner periphery of said mold a distance greater than said mandrel to provide an annular space above said mandrel of greater cross section than that of the tube to be cast.
2. In a device for continuously casting metal tubes, the combination comprising, a water cooled mold, a mandrel arranged in said mold in spaced relation to the inner periphery thereof, said mandrel being composed of a refractory substance and having its greatest diameter at the top thereof, a. tube of less diameter than the mandrel to support said mandrel and to supply metal to be cast, and said tube being closed at its lower end and having openings directly above the closure.
3. In a device for continuously casting metal tubes, the combination comprising, a water cooled mold, a mandrel arranged in said mold in spaced relation to the inner periphery thereof, a tube of smaller diameter than said mandrel arranged coaxially of said mold, a plate closing the lower end of said tube, a bolt depending from said plate to support said mandrel, and openings in said tube above said plate.
4. In a device for continuously casting metal tubes, the combination comprising, a mold, means rapidly to conduct heat away from said mold, a mandrel supported in said mold in spaced relation to the inner periphery thereof, said mandrel being of a substance of low heat conductivity so that the exterior surface of a cast tube will cool faster than the interior surface thereof, said mandrel having its greatest diameter at the top, means to introduce melted metal to be cast into said mold above said mandrel, and means to remove a cast tube from said mold below said mandrel.
5. The method of casting continuous lengths of seamless metal tubes which comprises, continu-- ously feeding molten metal into an annular mold between a sleeve and a mandrel, causing said cast tube to cool on its exterior surface and shrink away from said sleeve, later causing said cast tube to cool on its interior surface and shrink away from said mandrel, and finally withdrawing the solidified tube from beneath said mold.
MANUEL TAMA.
US151241A 1936-08-19 1937-06-30 Continuously casting pipe Expired - Lifetime US2130202A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1936T0047329 DE702638C (en) 1936-08-19 1936-08-19 Device for continuous casting of metal pipes
DEW107081D DE751356C (en) 1936-08-19 1940-04-09 Device for continuous casting of metal pipes

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US2130202A true US2130202A (en) 1938-09-13

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US151241A Expired - Lifetime US2130202A (en) 1936-08-19 1937-06-30 Continuously casting pipe
US387010A Expired - Lifetime US2277375A (en) 1936-08-19 1941-04-05 Continuous casting of metal tubes

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US387010A Expired - Lifetime US2277375A (en) 1936-08-19 1941-04-05 Continuous casting of metal tubes

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CH (1) CH228475A (en)
DE (2) DE702638C (en)
FR (1) FR825711A (en)
GB (1) GB496151A (en)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2466612A (en) * 1946-07-02 1949-04-05 American Smelting Refining Continuously casting hollow metal shapes
US2597046A (en) * 1948-06-25 1952-05-20 Sendzimir Tadeusz Method of producing tubular and sheet metals
US2609574A (en) * 1949-06-25 1952-09-09 Continuous Metalcast Co Inc Apparatus for the continuous casting of metal rods
US2659121A (en) * 1952-06-05 1953-11-17 Continuous Metalcast Co Inc Pouring box for continuous casting machines
US2739707A (en) * 1951-04-07 1956-03-27 Ethel M Burke Apparatus for continuously extruding metal
US2856658A (en) * 1956-08-13 1958-10-21 Koppers Co Inc Method of continuous casting
US2941266A (en) * 1956-03-15 1960-06-21 Eisenwerke Gelsenkirchen Ag Continuous casting process and apparatus
US3078527A (en) * 1959-09-17 1963-02-26 Continental Can Co Production of ingots with filled core channels
US3200456A (en) * 1961-09-12 1965-08-17 Babcock & Wilcox Co Continuous casting method and apparatus
US3398780A (en) * 1965-07-01 1968-08-27 Phelps Dodge Copper Prod Continuous casting of tubes
US3486550A (en) * 1965-07-01 1969-12-30 Phelps Dodge Copper Prod Continuous casting of tubes
US3837390A (en) * 1971-05-13 1974-09-24 Steel Corp Continuous casting machine embodying a self-aligning and flexing guide-roll rack
US3965965A (en) * 1974-12-19 1976-06-29 Technicon Instruments Corporation Method and apparatus for continuous casting of metal tubing

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE752454C (en) * 1938-09-16 1952-09-04 Siegfried Junghans Process for the production of casting streams from metals and device for carrying out the process
DE846280C (en) * 1941-12-06 1952-08-11 Wieland Werke Ag Process for the continuous casting of metal pipes
DE843138C (en) * 1943-09-24 1952-07-07 Wieland Werke Ag Cooled mandrel for continuous casting of metal hollow rods
DE977028C (en) * 1949-07-09 1964-12-10 Babcock & Wilcox Co Process for the continuous casting of iron and equipment for carrying out the process
DE1142990B (en) * 1951-07-11 1963-01-31 Boehler & Co Ag Geb Continuous casting mold
DE962924C (en) * 1952-03-29 1957-05-02 Eisenwerke Gelsenkirchen Ag Device for feeding the liquid metal during continuous casting
US2864137A (en) * 1952-10-25 1958-12-16 Helen E Brennan Apparatus and method for producing metal strip
US3331430A (en) * 1964-09-10 1967-07-18 Kennecott Copper Corp Continuous casting apparatus for casting hollow billets
US3375863A (en) * 1966-03-16 1968-04-02 Anaconda American Brass Co Apparatus for continuous casting metal tubes
US3477494A (en) * 1966-09-01 1969-11-11 Aluminum Co Of America Continuous casting molten metal feed device
US3511304A (en) * 1967-09-13 1970-05-12 American Smelting Refining Float control valve for continuous casting
DE1758902A1 (en) * 1968-08-31 1971-04-01 Kabel Metallwerke Ghh Mandrel holder for continuous casting systems for the horizontal casting of pipes
US3776296A (en) * 1971-04-19 1973-12-04 Universal Oil Prod Co Method for continuously casting a hollow billet
US3735803A (en) * 1971-04-19 1973-05-29 Universal Oil Prod Co Method of and apparatus for continuously casting a hollow billet
FR2557820B1 (en) * 1984-01-10 1987-05-07 Pont A Mousson LIQUID METAL SUPPLY DEVICE FOR VERTICAL CONTINUOUS CASTING INSTALLATION OF A METAL TUBE, PARTICULARLY IN CAST IRON

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH199539A (en) * 1936-08-18 1938-08-31 Manuel Tama Method and device for the continuous casting of metal pipes.

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2466612A (en) * 1946-07-02 1949-04-05 American Smelting Refining Continuously casting hollow metal shapes
US2597046A (en) * 1948-06-25 1952-05-20 Sendzimir Tadeusz Method of producing tubular and sheet metals
US2609574A (en) * 1949-06-25 1952-09-09 Continuous Metalcast Co Inc Apparatus for the continuous casting of metal rods
US2739707A (en) * 1951-04-07 1956-03-27 Ethel M Burke Apparatus for continuously extruding metal
US2659121A (en) * 1952-06-05 1953-11-17 Continuous Metalcast Co Inc Pouring box for continuous casting machines
US2941266A (en) * 1956-03-15 1960-06-21 Eisenwerke Gelsenkirchen Ag Continuous casting process and apparatus
US2856658A (en) * 1956-08-13 1958-10-21 Koppers Co Inc Method of continuous casting
US3078527A (en) * 1959-09-17 1963-02-26 Continental Can Co Production of ingots with filled core channels
US3200456A (en) * 1961-09-12 1965-08-17 Babcock & Wilcox Co Continuous casting method and apparatus
US3398780A (en) * 1965-07-01 1968-08-27 Phelps Dodge Copper Prod Continuous casting of tubes
US3486550A (en) * 1965-07-01 1969-12-30 Phelps Dodge Copper Prod Continuous casting of tubes
US3837390A (en) * 1971-05-13 1974-09-24 Steel Corp Continuous casting machine embodying a self-aligning and flexing guide-roll rack
US3965965A (en) * 1974-12-19 1976-06-29 Technicon Instruments Corporation Method and apparatus for continuous casting of metal tubing

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH228475A (en) 1943-08-31
GB496151A (en) 1938-11-25
US2277375A (en) 1942-03-24
DE702638C (en) 1941-08-06
DE751356C (en) 1951-05-15
FR825711A (en) 1938-03-11

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