US3752079A - Method for fighting dust and noxious gases after blasts in mines - Google Patents
Method for fighting dust and noxious gases after blasts in mines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3752079A US3752079A US00051735A US3752079DA US3752079A US 3752079 A US3752079 A US 3752079A US 00051735 A US00051735 A US 00051735A US 3752079D A US3752079D A US 3752079DA US 3752079 A US3752079 A US 3752079A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- dust
- blasts
- water
- blast
- cartridges
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title abstract description 32
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title abstract description 25
- 230000001473 noxious effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 17
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 24
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 15
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 8
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrous oxide Inorganic materials [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 4
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000005374 Poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000206 health hazard Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004682 monohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940086066 potassium hydrogencarbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
- E21F5/16—Layers of hygroscopic or other salts deposited on floors, walls, or the like, for binding dust; Deposition of such layers
Definitions
- the objective of the present invention is to fight effectively dust and harmful gases forming after blasts in mines, especially underground.
- Large quantities of dust and harmful gases originate, as is known, from blasting in coal, ore and mineral mines. Dust and noxious gases are a great nuisance and a health hazard to miners. Accordingly, blasts were often carried out when only a reduced number of men were at work or at the end of a shift. This, however, delayed the working of the mine.
- the method of this invention removes dust and harmful gases rising afier the blasting in mines.
- This method based on the'use of salts, is distinguished from the prior art by the use of finely powdered calcium chloride and /or magnesium chloride to seal ofi blast-holes.
- the fineness of the material used in accordance with the invention is preferably such that more than percent by weight are finer than l min and 60 percent by weight finer than 0.3mm.
- the water content of the calcium chloride or magnesium chloride respectively may be between 55 and percent by weight, i.e., hexa-, tetra-, di-, mono-hydrates and practically anhydrous substances can be employed.
- wetting agents in particular non-ionic wetting agents like alkyl-phenol-polyglycolether may be added.
- alkaline reacting substances such as calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, dolomite, sodium hydroxide, sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, urea and similar substances also proved useful.
- Calcium chloride or magnesium chloride treated with ammonia, thus reacting alkaline may also be used.
- oxidizing agents like manganese dioxide, potassium permanganate, has advantageous effects.
- sodium chloride or another metal salt may be admixed with the materials introduced into the blast-holes.
- the materials cited, to be used in accordance with the invention are preferably employed in cartridges measuring to 30 cm made of plastic materials, e.g., polyethylene. Their caliber will be adapted to the caliber of the blast-holes. Once filled, both ends of these plastic hoses or pipes are hot-sealed or closed with a clasp etc. Cartridges may be bent or straight. The bent shape facilitates sealing of the blast-hole. Every cartridge contains about 200 to 300 gms. of the material in accordance with the invention.
- the cartridges of the present invention have good storage and transportation properties. The use of these cartridges, as compared with processes known hitherto, does not necessitate additional efforts.
- blasts are prepared in the usual way. Blasts may be carried out in rock, coal, ores or minerals. Explosive charges are introduced into the blast-holes, and afterwards the material in accordance with the invention. Materials not contained in cartridges are introduced into the blastholes by means of a pneumatic device. If the materials of this invention are used in cartridges, they may be introduced by hand into the blast-holes. The quantity of material used is nearly the same, whether filled into cartridges or not. To ensure perfect sealing of the blastholes the cartridges, in accordance with the invention, may have a bent shape. Their shape may also be straight if used with an appropriate lock.
- Another way would be to slit them open a little before introducing them into the blast-hole, so that part of the powder can leak out inside the blast'hole, thus sealing it off.
- the explosive charge may be ignited as usual.
- the finely powdered calcium chloride or magnesium chloride apparently combine with the large amounts of water steam forming after the blast. In this way the steam is condensed much faster into water drops which contain liquid calcium chloride or magnesium chloride. This mixture is instrumental in quickly agglomerating the dust, thereby forming, particles too big to reach the lungs, also precipitating the dust where it rises. It was also found that nitrous gases dissolve much better in the forming solution than in water stream or small drops that consist of water only. To increase the solubility of nitrous gases in the forming solution, additional alkaline reacting substances may be introduced into the blast-holes in addition to calcium chloride or magnesium chloride. The quantities of alkaline substances may be varied for best absorption of nitrous gases. 2-10 percent of alkaline substances, contained in the material introduced into the blast-holes after the explosives, are generally sufficient to reduce, within a few minutes,'the concentration of nitrous gases, contained in the air after blasts, far below the harmful limit.
- a further advantage if the material is used in accordance with the invention, is the absorption of the precipitated dust which is retained, having been wetted by a solution of hygroscopic salts. On account of its content of hygroscopic salt the water in the precipitated layer remains bonded, preventing the dust from rising again after further blasts. This danger exists if the dust was precipitated by water only which would eventually evaporate. Moreover, humidity of air in mines will not increase if materials are used in accordance with the invention.
- the agent i.e the water or the calcium chloride powder
- the agent i.e the water or the calcium chloride powder
- cartridges consisting of polyethylene tubes. Both ends of these tubes were heatsealed. Each cartridge contained 250g. of water or calcium chloride powder, respectively.
- a cartridge adapted to seal off a blast hole and to suppress dust and harmful gases generating during blasting which consists essentially of an elongated plastic tube containing finely-divided solid particles of an alkaline earth metal salt selected from the group consisting of calcium chloride and magnesium chloride, said tube being closed at both ends.
- the cartridge of claim 1 additionally containing an alkaline reacting compound.
- the cartridge of claim 1 additionally containing an oxidizing agent.
- the cartridge of claim 1 additionally containing sodium chloride.
- the cartridge of claim 1 additionally containing a wetting agent.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE1933729A DE1933729C3 (de) | 1969-07-03 | 1969-07-03 | Besatzverfahren zur Bekämpfung des Staubes und der schädlichen Gase bei der Schießarbeit im Bergbau |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3752079A true US3752079A (en) | 1973-08-14 |
Family
ID=5738740
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00051735A Expired - Lifetime US3752079A (en) | 1969-07-03 | 1970-07-01 | Method for fighting dust and noxious gases after blasts in mines |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3752079A (fi) |
| JP (1) | JPS4942564B1 (fi) |
| BE (1) | BE751623A (fi) |
| CS (1) | CS171686B2 (fi) |
| DE (1) | DE1933729C3 (fi) |
| ES (1) | ES379983A1 (fi) |
| FI (1) | FI52617C (fi) |
| FR (1) | FR2050102A5 (fi) |
| GB (1) | GB1300634A (fi) |
| PL (1) | PL80703B1 (fi) |
| SE (1) | SE381254B (fi) |
| ZA (1) | ZA704551B (fi) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3837280A (en) * | 1972-01-26 | 1974-09-24 | Kalk Chemische Fabrik Gmbh | Tamping cartridge made of filled, elongated polymeric tubing |
| US9416245B2 (en) | 2014-08-28 | 2016-08-16 | Metcalf Excavation, Inc. | Chemical composition for dust suppression and soil stabilization |
| US11021956B1 (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2021-06-01 | E. Dillon & Company | Mine safety dust and method of production |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2931587C2 (de) * | 1979-08-03 | 1982-06-09 | Chemische Fabrik Kalk GmbH, 5000 Köln | Verfahren zur Bekämpfung des Staubes und der schädlichen Gase bei der Schießarbeit in Betrieben des Berg- und Tunnelbaus mit geringen Wetterfeuchten |
| HU185544B (en) * | 1982-06-04 | 1985-02-28 | Mecseki Szenbanyak | Method and mechanism for breaking by firedampproof blasting of large charge carried out in mine areas impossible to supervise |
| ES2045097T3 (es) * | 1987-01-14 | 1994-01-16 | Cube Overseas Trading Ltd | Un inhibidor para reducir los efectos nocivos en el area circundante a la detonacion de una bomba. |
-
1969
- 1969-07-03 DE DE1933729A patent/DE1933729C3/de not_active Expired
-
1970
- 1970-05-22 FI FI701446A patent/FI52617C/fi active
- 1970-05-23 ES ES379983A patent/ES379983A1/es not_active Expired
- 1970-05-28 GB GB25746/70A patent/GB1300634A/en not_active Expired
- 1970-06-08 FR FR7020997A patent/FR2050102A5/fr not_active Expired
- 1970-06-08 BE BE751623D patent/BE751623A/xx unknown
- 1970-06-12 CS CS4150A patent/CS171686B2/cs unknown
- 1970-06-15 PL PL1970141363A patent/PL80703B1/pl unknown
- 1970-07-01 US US00051735A patent/US3752079A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1970-07-01 JP JP45057218A patent/JPS4942564B1/ja active Pending
- 1970-07-02 ZA ZA704551A patent/ZA704551B/xx unknown
- 1970-07-03 SE SE7009307A patent/SE381254B/xx unknown
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3837280A (en) * | 1972-01-26 | 1974-09-24 | Kalk Chemische Fabrik Gmbh | Tamping cartridge made of filled, elongated polymeric tubing |
| US9416245B2 (en) | 2014-08-28 | 2016-08-16 | Metcalf Excavation, Inc. | Chemical composition for dust suppression and soil stabilization |
| US11021956B1 (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2021-06-01 | E. Dillon & Company | Mine safety dust and method of production |
| US11359491B1 (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2022-06-14 | E. Dillon & Company | Mine safety dust and method of production |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE751623A (fr) | 1970-11-16 |
| DE1933729B2 (de) | 1973-11-15 |
| SE381254B (sv) | 1975-12-01 |
| JPS4942564B1 (fi) | 1974-11-15 |
| DE1933729A1 (de) | 1971-01-14 |
| PL80703B1 (fi) | 1975-08-30 |
| FI52617C (fi) | 1977-10-10 |
| CS171686B2 (fi) | 1976-10-29 |
| GB1300634A (en) | 1972-12-20 |
| ES379983A1 (es) | 1973-04-01 |
| ZA704551B (en) | 1971-03-31 |
| FI52617B (fi) | 1977-06-30 |
| FR2050102A5 (fi) | 1971-03-26 |
| DE1933729C3 (de) | 1974-06-20 |
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