US3749804A - Method for determining the depth of immersion of electrodes in a reduction furnace - Google Patents

Method for determining the depth of immersion of electrodes in a reduction furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
US3749804A
US3749804A US00218766A US3749804DA US3749804A US 3749804 A US3749804 A US 3749804A US 00218766 A US00218766 A US 00218766A US 3749804D A US3749804D A US 3749804DA US 3749804 A US3749804 A US 3749804A
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United States
Prior art keywords
furnace
electrodes
currents
measuring
wall
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00218766A
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English (en)
Inventor
J Thomas
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication date
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D11/00—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces
    • F27D11/08—Heating by electric discharge, e.g. arc discharge
    • F27D11/10—Disposition of electrodes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D11/00—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
    • H05B7/02—Details
    • H05B7/144—Power supplies specially adapted for heating by electric discharge; Automatic control of power, e.g. by positioning of electrodes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the maximum of the vertical induction field is determined by.-means of a magnetic probe movable up and down vertically on the furnace wall.
  • the measuring result does not provide a reliable determination of the positionof the maxim um, because currents produced by the alternating induction fields of the furnace currents in the furnace wall and the steel building structure and because the field produced. by the horizontal currents in the furnace and located outside the ironfumace wall encounters difficulty because of high temperatureand the security of the furnace masonry;
  • the position of the reaction center is determined by detecting the currents produced by the magnetic fields in the furnace wall; these currents are detected by measuring the potential distribution occurring on the oven jacket.
  • the potential differences arisingat several pairs of measuring points distributed across the furnace wall are measured and indicated.
  • these potential differences are directed to a process computer.
  • the process computer adjusts the potential difference at the pairs of measuring points to those values which correspond to the required immersion depth of the electrodes.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates in schematic representation a reduction furnace with electrode rods extending therein whcih is typical of the furnace used in carrying out the method of the invention
  • FIG. 2 illustrates schematically a projection of the wall of the furnace of FIG. 1 showing the current formation therein;
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the furnace of FIG. 1 connected to an electrical apparatus for carrying out the method of the invention
  • - arcing furnace or resistance furnace comprises a conical furnace' shellconsisting of a steel furnace wall 1 and 1:5,
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the measuring of vertically distributed potential as well as an apparatus for adjusting the elevation of the electrodes.
  • a reduction furnace such as an a heat insulating masonry portion 2. Also shown'as part of the furnace are three electrodes 3 connected to a three-phase current network indicated by the letters U, V, W.
  • the reaction products or burden4 are placed in the furnace shell'and are melted and brought into reaction by a light arc and/or resistance heating.
  • the liquid reaction product is drawn off through a tap port 5 in the side of the furnace shell.
  • the current paths in the furnace are indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 1.
  • the magnetic alternating fields generated by this current distribution induces in the furnace wall currents whose approximate formation is sketchedin FIG. 2 on the planar projectionof the furnacewall'. Since the magnetic fields are rotating fields, this current formation moves with the circuit frequency W along: the furnace wall'..As FIG. 2 shows, there are locations in'the furnace at which the current is atnull, whereas below and above these nulllocations, the current run in respective opposite directions.
  • the position of thenull-locations6 is dependent upon the depth'of immersion of the electrodes.
  • contact members are welded to the outer surface of the fumace'wall:
  • a measuring device 8 or a computer 10 is connected via a twisted measuring leads 7 and a switch device 9 having a number of switches corresponding to the pairs of measuring locations.
  • the measuring device 8 indicates thevoltages on the measuring points proportional to the alternating currents in the tor means in the computer 10 compares'the measured values to reference values that correspond to the correct position of the electrodes and the computer 10 sends a signal to the electrode control apparatus 11 which in turn adjusts the elevation of electrodes 3 until the voltage at the measuring point pairs corresponds to the values thereof co'rrespondingto the correct position of the reaction center.
  • a method of determining the immersion depth of electrodes in a reductionfumace in which the electrodes are supplied with electric energy during furnace operation comprising'the steps of causing furnace currents to flow from said electrodes, causing magnetic fields to be set up in the wall of said furnace as a result of said furnace currents, inducing currents in said furnace wall as a result of said magnetic fields, measuring at various points in the furnace wall the voltage caused by said induced currents in said furnace wall and utilizing said measured voltage values to control the immersion depth of said electrodes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Control Of Heat Treatment Processes (AREA)
US00218766A 1971-01-25 1972-01-18 Method for determining the depth of immersion of electrodes in a reduction furnace Expired - Lifetime US3749804A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2103216A DE2103216C3 (de) 1971-01-25 1971-01-25 Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Eintauchtiefe von Elektroden in einem Reduktionsofen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3749804A true US3749804A (en) 1973-07-31

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00218766A Expired - Lifetime US3749804A (en) 1971-01-25 1972-01-18 Method for determining the depth of immersion of electrodes in a reduction furnace

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3749804A (de)
JP (1) JPS5123928B1 (de)
CH (1) CH573582A5 (de)
DE (1) DE2103216C3 (de)
GB (1) GB1380493A (de)
SE (1) SE362703B (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3909242A (en) * 1972-10-09 1975-09-30 Elkem Spigerverket As Method for determining operating conditions in electrical furnaces
US4213955A (en) * 1977-11-23 1980-07-22 Union Carbide Corporation Computerized process and apparatus for use with a submerged arc electric furnace to produce metallurgical products
US5331661A (en) * 1992-02-27 1994-07-19 Sandia Corporation Method and apparatus for controlling electroslag remelting
CN106679555A (zh) * 2017-02-09 2017-05-17 内蒙古鄂尔多斯电力冶金集团股份有限公司 一种矿热炉电极位置测量装置及方法

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2619905A1 (fr) * 1987-08-25 1989-03-03 Pechiney Electrometallurgie Procede et dispositif de mesure de la position des lignes de courant et des pointes d'electrodes dans un four electrique polyphase, a arc submerge
NO306836B1 (no) 1998-03-18 1999-12-27 Elkem Materials Fremgangsmåte for bestemmelse av spissposisjon for forbrukbare elektroder som anvendes i elektriske smelteovner
DE102016219261B3 (de) * 2016-10-05 2017-10-05 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zur Positionsbestimmung der Spitze einer Elektroofen-Elektrode, insbesondere einer Söderberg-Elektrode

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3209060A (en) * 1963-06-12 1965-09-28 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electrical apparatus
US3622678A (en) * 1968-05-14 1971-11-23 Ass Elect Ind Electrode feed arrangements

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3209060A (en) * 1963-06-12 1965-09-28 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electrical apparatus
US3622678A (en) * 1968-05-14 1971-11-23 Ass Elect Ind Electrode feed arrangements

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3909242A (en) * 1972-10-09 1975-09-30 Elkem Spigerverket As Method for determining operating conditions in electrical furnaces
US4213955A (en) * 1977-11-23 1980-07-22 Union Carbide Corporation Computerized process and apparatus for use with a submerged arc electric furnace to produce metallurgical products
US5331661A (en) * 1992-02-27 1994-07-19 Sandia Corporation Method and apparatus for controlling electroslag remelting
CN106679555A (zh) * 2017-02-09 2017-05-17 内蒙古鄂尔多斯电力冶金集团股份有限公司 一种矿热炉电极位置测量装置及方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2103216B2 (de) 1977-07-28
SE362703B (de) 1973-12-17
DE2103216A1 (de) 1972-08-10
CH573582A5 (de) 1976-03-15
GB1380493A (en) 1975-01-15
JPS5123928B1 (de) 1976-07-20
DE2103216C3 (de) 1978-03-16

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