US3748894A - Means and method for an on-line determination of the flash point of lube oil fractions - Google Patents

Means and method for an on-line determination of the flash point of lube oil fractions Download PDF

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Publication number
US3748894A
US3748894A US00263062A US3748894DA US3748894A US 3748894 A US3748894 A US 3748894A US 00263062 A US00263062 A US 00263062A US 3748894D A US3748894D A US 3748894DA US 3748894 A US3748894 A US 3748894A
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signal
flash point
viscosity
oil fractions
lube oil
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00263062A
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English (en)
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W White
C Lynch
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Texaco Inc
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Texaco Inc
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/26—Oils; Viscous liquids; Paints; Inks
    • G01N33/28—Oils, i.e. hydrocarbon liquids
    • G01N33/2888—Lubricating oil characteristics, e.g. deterioration

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Apparatus provides for an on-line determination of the flash point of lube oil fractions.
  • the hydrocarbon is continuously sampled by a viscosity analyzer and a density analyzer which provides signals corresponding to the viscosity and the API gravity of the lube oil fractions.
  • a computer circuit provides a signal corresponding to the flash point of the lube oil fractions in accordance with the viscosity signal and the gravity signal.
  • the apparatus of the present invention substantially overcomes the problems of maintenance and reproducibility while providing an output corresponding to the Cleveland Open Cup flash point of lube oil fractions being analyzed.
  • a flash point analyzer provides an output corresponding to the flash point of lube oil fractions from a unit in a refinery.
  • the analyzer includes circuitry which senses the density and viscosity of the lube oil fractions and provides a density signal and a viscosity signal.
  • a network provides the output corresponding to the flash point of the lube oil fractions in accordance with the density signal and the viscosity signal from the circuitry.
  • FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram of apparatus, constructed in accordance with the present invention, for providing an output corresponding to the Cleveland Open Cup flash point of lube oil fractions from a unit in a refinery being monitored by the apparatus.
  • FIG. 2 is a simplified block diagram of anotherembodiment of the invention.
  • Flash Point k, k,/G k,/VG where V is the Saybolt Universal Viscosity, G is the API gravity at 60 F and k k and k;, are factors.
  • k,, k, and k may have the following values: 437.2, 664.76 and 1975792, respectively, when the viscosity is measured at F.
  • the values for k,, k, and k will differ for different viscosity temperatures.
  • lube oil fractions leaving a unit (not-shown) in a refinery by way of a line 1 is sampled by a viscosity analyzer l0 and a density analyzer 5.
  • Analyzer 10 may be of the type manufactured by the Hallikainen Company which is a continuous viscometer model I077S7 while density analyzer 1 may be a Dynatrol density analyzer series 2006.
  • Density analyzer 5 senses the density of the lube oil fractions and provides a signal E corresponding to the specific gravity of the crude wax distillate in line 1.
  • the API gravity is determined in accordance with the following equation:
  • a divider 6 divides a direct current voltage V which corresponds to the term 141.5, with signal E to provide an output.
  • Subtracting. means 7 subtracts a direct current voltage V, from the output from divider 6 to provide a signal E corresponding to the API gravity G of the lube oil fractions.
  • the specific gravity of a hydrocarbon is a function of the density of the hydrocarbon.
  • Viscosity analyzer 10 provides a signal E, corresponding to the Saybolt Universal Viscosity of the lube oil fractions in line 1.
  • a multiplier 14 multiplies signals E E; with each other to provide a signal corresponding to the term VG in equation I.
  • a divider 21 divides a direct current voltage E corresponding to the factor k;, in equation 1, provided by a source 20 of direct current voltages by the signal from multiplier 14. Divider 21 provides a signal corresponding to the term k lVG in equation 1.
  • Source 20 also provides direct current voltages E and E corresponding to k, and k respectively, in equation 1 as well as voltages V V
  • a divider 22 divides voltage E, by signal E to provide a signal corresponding to the term k,/G.
  • Subtracting means 28 subtracts the signal provided by divider 21 from the signal provided by divider 22 to provide an output to summing means 30.
  • Summing means 30 sums the output from subtracting means 28 with voltage E to provide signal E corresponding to the estimated Cleveland Open Cup flash point.
  • a conventional type recorder 31 records signal E, to provide a record of the flashpoint of the lube oil fractions.
  • a useful parameter is the Watson-Nelson characterization factor F.
  • the factor F may be determined in accordance with an equation 2 and used to estimate the Cleveland Open Cup flash point of the lube oil fractions in accordance with an equation 3.
  • viscosity analyzer 10 provides signal E, to a divider 34.
  • Divider 34 divides a direct current voltage E corresponding to the factor k in equation 3 from source 20 to provide a signal corresponding to the term kg/V.
  • Source 20 provides direct current voltages E, mm which correspond to factors It, through k,, respectively, in equations 3 and 4.
  • Subtracting means 35 subtracts the signal from divider 34 from voltage E
  • Signal E from subtracting means 7 is applied to a multiplier 36.
  • Multiplier 36 multiplies signal E with voltage E, to provide an output corresponding to the term 1: 6 in equation 3.
  • Summing means 37 sums the outputs provided by subtracting means 35 and multiplier 36 to provide a signal E corresponding to the Watson-Nelson characterization factor F.
  • Signal E is applied to a conventional type recorder 42 and to a multiplier 43.
  • Multiplier 43 multiplies signal E with voltage E, to provide a signal, corresponding to 1: in equation 4, to subtracting means 44.
  • Subtracting means 44 subtracts voltage E from the signal provided by multiplier 43 to provide a signal corresponding to the term k,F-k in equation 4.
  • the signal from subtracting means 44 is divided by signal E by a divider 48 to provide a signal corresponding to the term (k F-ks)/G'.
  • Summing means 50 sums the signal from divider 48 with voltage E to provide a signal E corresponding to the estimated Cleveland Open Cup Flash Point of the crude wax distillate in line 1.
  • Recorder 31 records signal E to provide a record of the flash point of the lube oil fractions.
  • the following table shows the relationship between an estimated flash point for lube oil fractions from a unit in a refinery as determined by apparatus of the preferred embodiment, as heretofore described, and the flash point as measured in a laboratory.
  • the numbers in parentheses represent the number of laboratory measurements upon which the average measured flash point is based.
  • a flash point analyzer comprising means for sensing the density of lube oil fractions and providing a first signal representative thereof, means for sensing the viscosity of the lube oil fractions and providing a second signal corresponding thereto, means connected to the density and the viscosity sensing means for providing a signal corresponding to a flash point of the lube oil fractions by combining said first and second signals in accordance with a predetermined emperical relationship relating said flash point with said density and viscosity.
  • An on-line analyzer for providing an output corresponding to a flash point of lube oil fractions from a unit in a refinery, comprising means for sensing the density of the lube oil fractions and providing a first signal representative thereof, means for sensing the viscosity of the lube oil fractions and providing a second signal corresponding thereto, and means connected to the density and the viscosity sensing means for providing the output corresponding to the flash point of the lube oil fractions by combining said first and second signals in accordance with a predetermined emperical relationship relating said flash point with the density and the viscosity.
  • flash point analyzer as described in claim 3 in which the flash point signal means include means connected to the density signal means and to the viscosity signal means for providing a signal corresponding to a WatsomNelson characterization factor F in accordance with the API gravity signal, the Saybolt Universal Viscosity signal and the following equation:
  • F 4 56 V where G is the API gravity, V is the Saybolt Universal Viscosity, and k through k, are factors, and means connected to the F factor signal means and to the AP] gravity signal means for providing the output corresponding to the flash point in accordance with the API gravity signal and the F factor signal from the factor signalmeans in accordance with the API gravity signal, the F factor signal and the following equation:
  • Flash Point IqF-Iq/G k where k, through k. are factors.
  • a method for providing an output corresponding to a flash point of lube oil fractions from a unit in a refinery which comprises the following steps: sensing the density of the lube oil fractions, providing a first signal corresponding to the AP] gravity of the lube oil fractions in accordance with the sensed density, sensing the viscosity of the lube oil fractions providing a second signal corresponding to the Saybolt Universal Viscosity in accordance with the sensed viscosity, and deriving the output corresponding to the flash point of the lube oil fractions by combining said first and second signals in accordance with a predetermined emperical relationship relating said flash point with said API gravity and Saybolt Universal Viscosity.
  • the output providing step includes providing the flash point output in accordance with the API gravity signal, Saybolt Universal Viscosity signal and the following equation:
  • Flash Point k k /G k VG where G is the API gravity, V is a Saybolt Universal Viscosity and k through k are factors.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
US00263062A 1972-06-15 1972-06-15 Means and method for an on-line determination of the flash point of lube oil fractions Expired - Lifetime US3748894A (en)

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US26306272A 1972-06-15 1972-06-15

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JP (1) JPS4993097A (no)
AR (1) AR204614A1 (no)
AU (1) AU475318B2 (no)
BE (1) BE800811A (no)
ES (1) ES415971A1 (no)
FR (1) FR2190273A5 (no)
GB (1) GB1367438A (no)
ZA (1) ZA733805B (no)

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4092847A (en) * 1977-06-23 1978-06-06 Texaco Inc. Flash point analyzing means and method
EP0305206A2 (en) * 1987-08-27 1989-03-01 Nippon Oil Co., Ltd. Apparatus for measuring flash point of petroleum intermediate fraction and method for controlling flash point
US4831559A (en) * 1986-07-25 1989-05-16 Phillips Petroleum Company Method and apparatus for periodically determining the flash point of a flammable liquid
US6561010B2 (en) * 1999-11-19 2003-05-13 Battelle Memorial Institute Apparatus and method for fluid analysis
US6594579B1 (en) * 2001-08-06 2003-07-15 Networkcar Internet-based method for determining a vehicle's fuel efficiency
US6662091B2 (en) 2001-06-29 2003-12-09 Battelle Memorial Institute Diagnostics/prognostics using wireless links
US6732031B1 (en) 2000-07-25 2004-05-04 Reynolds And Reynolds Holdings, Inc. Wireless diagnostic system for vehicles
US6732032B1 (en) 2000-07-25 2004-05-04 Reynolds And Reynolds Holdings, Inc. Wireless diagnostic system for characterizing a vehicle's exhaust emissions
US6928348B1 (en) 2001-04-30 2005-08-09 Reynolds & Reynolds Holdings, Inc. Internet-based emissions test for vehicles
US6957133B1 (en) 2003-05-08 2005-10-18 Reynolds & Reynolds Holdings, Inc. Small-scale, integrated vehicle telematics device
US7113127B1 (en) 2003-07-24 2006-09-26 Reynolds And Reynolds Holdings, Inc. Wireless vehicle-monitoring system operating on both terrestrial and satellite networks
US7174243B1 (en) 2001-12-06 2007-02-06 Hti Ip, Llc Wireless, internet-based system for transmitting and analyzing GPS data
US7225065B1 (en) 2004-04-26 2007-05-29 Hti Ip, Llc In-vehicle wiring harness with multiple adaptors for an on-board diagnostic connector
US7228211B1 (en) 2000-07-25 2007-06-05 Hti Ip, Llc Telematics device for vehicles with an interface for multiple peripheral devices
US7477968B1 (en) 2001-03-14 2009-01-13 Hti, Ip Llc. Internet-based vehicle-diagnostic system
US7523159B1 (en) 2001-03-14 2009-04-21 Hti, Ip, Llc Systems, methods and devices for a telematics web services interface feature
US7747365B1 (en) 2001-03-13 2010-06-29 Htiip, Llc Internet-based system for monitoring vehicles
US7904219B1 (en) 2000-07-25 2011-03-08 Htiip, Llc Peripheral access devices and sensors for use with vehicle telematics devices and systems
CN101487808B (zh) * 2008-12-26 2011-08-31 中国人民解放军第五七一九工厂 检测航空润滑油中轻质燃油成分含量的试验方法
US9520005B2 (en) 2003-07-24 2016-12-13 Verizon Telematics Inc. Wireless vehicle-monitoring system
CN108204997A (zh) * 2016-12-20 2018-06-26 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 常一线油闪点在线软测量方法

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3440863A (en) * 1964-08-07 1969-04-29 Shell Oil Co Continuous flash point recording

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3557609A (en) * 1969-03-27 1971-01-26 Texaco Inc Method and apparatus for monitoring the paraffinicity characterization of hydrocarbon mixtures

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3440863A (en) * 1964-08-07 1969-04-29 Shell Oil Co Continuous flash point recording

Cited By (35)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4092847A (en) * 1977-06-23 1978-06-06 Texaco Inc. Flash point analyzing means and method
US4831559A (en) * 1986-07-25 1989-05-16 Phillips Petroleum Company Method and apparatus for periodically determining the flash point of a flammable liquid
EP0305206A2 (en) * 1987-08-27 1989-03-01 Nippon Oil Co., Ltd. Apparatus for measuring flash point of petroleum intermediate fraction and method for controlling flash point
EP0305206A3 (en) * 1987-08-27 1989-12-06 Nippon Oil Co., Ltd. Apparatus for measuring flash point of petroleum intermediate fraction and method for controlling flash point
US6810718B2 (en) * 1999-11-19 2004-11-02 Battelle Memorial Institute Apparatus and method for fluid analysis
US6561010B2 (en) * 1999-11-19 2003-05-13 Battelle Memorial Institute Apparatus and method for fluid analysis
AU779313B2 (en) * 1999-11-19 2005-01-13 Battelle Memorial Institute An apparatus for machine fluid analysis
US9224249B2 (en) 2000-07-25 2015-12-29 Hti Ip, L.L.C. Peripheral access devices and sensors for use with vehicle telematics devices and systems
US6732031B1 (en) 2000-07-25 2004-05-04 Reynolds And Reynolds Holdings, Inc. Wireless diagnostic system for vehicles
US6732032B1 (en) 2000-07-25 2004-05-04 Reynolds And Reynolds Holdings, Inc. Wireless diagnostic system for characterizing a vehicle's exhaust emissions
US7904219B1 (en) 2000-07-25 2011-03-08 Htiip, Llc Peripheral access devices and sensors for use with vehicle telematics devices and systems
US7228211B1 (en) 2000-07-25 2007-06-05 Hti Ip, Llc Telematics device for vehicles with an interface for multiple peripheral devices
USRE47422E1 (en) 2000-07-25 2019-06-04 Verizon Patent And Licensing Inc. Internet-based system for monitoring vehicles
US7747365B1 (en) 2001-03-13 2010-06-29 Htiip, Llc Internet-based system for monitoring vehicles
US7523159B1 (en) 2001-03-14 2009-04-21 Hti, Ip, Llc Systems, methods and devices for a telematics web services interface feature
US7532963B1 (en) 2001-03-14 2009-05-12 Hti Ip, Llc Internet-based vehicle-diagnostic system
US7477968B1 (en) 2001-03-14 2009-01-13 Hti, Ip Llc. Internet-based vehicle-diagnostic system
US7480551B1 (en) 2001-03-14 2009-01-20 Hti Ip, Llc Internet-based vehicle-diagnostic system
US7532962B1 (en) 2001-03-14 2009-05-12 Ht Iip, Llc Internet-based vehicle-diagnostic system
US6928348B1 (en) 2001-04-30 2005-08-09 Reynolds & Reynolds Holdings, Inc. Internet-based emissions test for vehicles
US6662091B2 (en) 2001-06-29 2003-12-09 Battelle Memorial Institute Diagnostics/prognostics using wireless links
US20040039502A1 (en) * 2001-06-29 2004-02-26 Wilson Bary W. Diagnostics/prognostics using wireless links
US6941202B2 (en) 2001-06-29 2005-09-06 Battelle Memorial Institute Diagnostics/prognostics using wireless links
US6594579B1 (en) * 2001-08-06 2003-07-15 Networkcar Internet-based method for determining a vehicle's fuel efficiency
US6988033B1 (en) 2001-08-06 2006-01-17 Reynolds & Reynolds Holdings, Inc. Internet-based method for determining a vehicle's fuel efficiency
US7174243B1 (en) 2001-12-06 2007-02-06 Hti Ip, Llc Wireless, internet-based system for transmitting and analyzing GPS data
US6957133B1 (en) 2003-05-08 2005-10-18 Reynolds & Reynolds Holdings, Inc. Small-scale, integrated vehicle telematics device
US8452486B2 (en) 2003-07-24 2013-05-28 Hti Ip, L.L.C. Wireless vehicle-monitoring system operating on both terrestrial and satellite networks
US20070069947A1 (en) * 2003-07-24 2007-03-29 Reynolds And Reynolds Holdings, Inc. Wireless vehicle-monitoring system operating on both terrestrial and satellite networks
US9520005B2 (en) 2003-07-24 2016-12-13 Verizon Telematics Inc. Wireless vehicle-monitoring system
US7113127B1 (en) 2003-07-24 2006-09-26 Reynolds And Reynolds Holdings, Inc. Wireless vehicle-monitoring system operating on both terrestrial and satellite networks
US7447574B1 (en) 2004-04-26 2008-11-04 Hti Ip, Llc In-vehicle wiring harness with multiple adaptors for an on-board diagnostic connector
US7225065B1 (en) 2004-04-26 2007-05-29 Hti Ip, Llc In-vehicle wiring harness with multiple adaptors for an on-board diagnostic connector
CN101487808B (zh) * 2008-12-26 2011-08-31 中国人民解放军第五七一九工厂 检测航空润滑油中轻质燃油成分含量的试验方法
CN108204997A (zh) * 2016-12-20 2018-06-26 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 常一线油闪点在线软测量方法

Also Published As

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DE2330191B2 (no) 1974-12-12
DE2330191A1 (de) 1974-01-03
FR2190273A5 (no) 1974-01-25
JPS4993097A (no) 1974-09-04
ES415971A1 (es) 1976-02-16
GB1367438A (en) 1974-09-18
AU5684673A (en) 1974-12-12
BE800811A (fr) 1973-12-12
AR204614A1 (es) 1976-02-20
ZA733805B (en) 1974-10-30
AU475318B2 (en) 1976-08-19

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