US3746463A - Multi-casing turbine - Google Patents

Multi-casing turbine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3746463A
US3746463A US00166221A US3746463DA US3746463A US 3746463 A US3746463 A US 3746463A US 00166221 A US00166221 A US 00166221A US 3746463D A US3746463D A US 3746463DA US 3746463 A US3746463 A US 3746463A
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United States
Prior art keywords
inner casing
casing
outer casing
disposed
nozzle chambers
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00166221A
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English (en)
Inventor
A Stock
H Wittig
L Sangiorgio
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CBS Corp
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Westinghouse Electric Corp
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Publication date
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Publication of US3746463A publication Critical patent/US3746463A/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
    • F01D25/26—Double casings; Measures against temperature strain in casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/02—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages by non-contact sealings, e.g. of labyrinth type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D9/00—Stators
    • F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
    • F01D9/04—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector
    • F01D9/047—Nozzle boxes

Definitions

  • MULTl-CASING TURBINE Inventors: Alvin L. Stock, Wallingford; Herman H. Wittig, Milmont Park; Louis Sangiorgio, Broomall, all of Pa.
  • ABSTRACT A multi-stage axial flow steam turbine having an inner and outer casing, the inner casing being a pressure vessel one end of which is open to the outer casing and the other end being closed by segmented nozzle chambers which are disposed around a rotor.
  • a control stage and a plurality of reaction stages are disposed within the inner casing.
  • the outer casing has a plurality of stages disposed therein so that steam leaving the inner casing flows over the outer peripheral surface of the inner casing and over the nozzle chambers, cooling them before entering the stages disposed in the outer casing.
  • the inner casing is mounted within the outer casing in such a manner as to limit relative axial movement and allow free relative radial movement between the inner and outer casing, which is caused by changes in temperature.
  • a steam pressure sealing device is provided between the nozzle chambers and the inner casing, the sealing device being adapted to allow free thermal expansion of the nozzle chamber with respect to the inner casing.
  • This invention relates to multi-stage axial flow steam turbines, and more particularly to such turbines having an inner and outer casing.
  • a further requirement when the nozzle chambers are placed within the inner casing is that a flexible slipjoint sleeve-type sealing arrangement be installed in the inlet steam piping between the outer casing and the nozzle chambers to allow movement between the outer casing and the nozzle as the temperature of the casings change during startup and load changes.
  • These slip joint arrangements are expensive to manufacture and maintain.
  • This seal is adapted to allow free expansion movement of the nozzl"e chambers with respect to the inner casing.
  • the other end of the inner casing opens into the outer casing, and at least one stage of stationary and rotatable blades is disposed between the inner casing and the rotor downstream of the first mentioned rotatable blades.
  • At least one stage of stationary and rotatable blades is disposed between the outer casing and the r0- tor. The last mentioned blades are so. disposed that steam leaving the blades at the open end of the inner casing flows over the outer surface of the inner casing and the nozzle chambers, cooling the inner casing and nozzle chambers before entering; the last mentioned stage of stationary and rotatable blades.
  • FIG. 1 shows a partial sectional view of an axial flow steam turbine 1 having an outer casing or cylinder 3, an inner casing or cylinder 5 and a rotor 7.
  • a plurality of inlet nozzle chambers 9 are disposed within the outer casing 3.
  • the nozzle chambers 9 are formed in segments and are circumferentially disposed around the rotor 7. As shown in FIG. 4, abutting ends of the nozzle chambers 9 have a tongue and groove arrangement 10 providing an interlock, which allows radial movement of the nozzle chambers relatively to each other, but prevents relative axial movement.
  • the tongue and groove arrangement 10 also provides seal between adjacent nozzle chambers.
  • the nozzle chambers 9 provide an end closure for the inner casing 5.
  • the nozzle chambers 9 each have a nozzle block 11, which contain a plurality of nozzles 13 for directing motive steam against an annular array of circumferentially spaced rotatable blades 15 fastened to the rotor 7 to form the first stage or control stage of the turbine-
  • the inner casing 5 encircles the control stage and a plurality of rotating and stationary arrays of circumfcr entially spaced blades 17 forming a pair of reaction stages downstream of the control stage.
  • the downstream end of the inner casing 5 opens into the outer casing 3.
  • the inner casing 5 is a pressure vessel having a horizontal joint in a plane extending through the axis of the rotor to divide the innercasing into upper and lower halves 21 and 23, respectively.
  • Bolts 25 fasten the inner casing havles together to form a vessel.
  • the inner casing 5 is mounted within the outer casing 3 by a plurality of keys and keyways 27, fitted pins 28, and axial alignment fits is obtained by tongue and groove portions 29 which locate the inner casing 5 axially with respect to the outer casing and yet allow free radial movement of the inner casing with respect to the outer casing, thus providing for differential thermal expansion of the casings as the turbine is brought up to load and during load changes.
  • the nozzle chamber 9 and inner casing 5 are so disposed that the nozzle chamber forms an end closure for the inner casing 5 and a seal 30 is disposed between the inner casing 5 and a circumferential flange portion extending from the nozzle chamber 9 and around the inner casing 5.
  • the seal 30 is a labyrinth seal formed from a seal ring 31 made from a plurality of segments encircling the inner casing. The segments are mounted in a T-shaped groove 32 and biased outwardly by a plurality of leaf springs 33.
  • the nozzle blocks 11 have a plurality of raised circumferential rings 35 which interdigitate with circumferential fins 37 to allow free movement of the nozzle blocks 11 with respect to the inner casing 5.
  • a plurality of labyrinth seals 39, 40 and 41 are disposed on the nozzle blocks and the nozzle chambers adjacent the rotor, to seal the one end of the inner casing and allow free movement of the nozzle blocks relative to the inner cylinder. While only a single embodiment is shown, there are several sealing arrangements which could be utilized to form the seal between the nozzle chambers and the inner casing.
  • an inlet conduit 43 for each inlet nozzle chamber 9 extends through the outer casing 3 and a flexible tubular expansion member 45 is welded to the inlet conduit 43 and to the outer casing 3 forming a seal and a semirigid connection between the outer casing 3 and the nozzle chambers 9, thus eliminating the expensive slip-joint seal utilized to provide differential expansion between the nozzle chambers and the outer casing when the nozzle chambers 9 are fastened directly to the inner casing 5.
  • One end of the inner casing 5 is open to the outer casing 3 and a plurality of annular arrays of circumferentially spaced stationary and rotatable blades 47 are disposed between the outer casing and the rotor to provide a plurality of reaction stages on the closed side of the inner casing 5 so that steam leaving the inner casing passes over the outer peripheral surface of the inner casing 5 and over the outside of the nozzle chamber 9 cooling these portions of the turbine before entering the downstream stages of the turbine. Cooling the inner casing 5 and nozzle chambers 9 reduces the temperature and increases-the allowable unit stress, thus allowing thinner walled structures, which are more economical to manufacture and handle in the field.
  • Reducing the temperature and pressure of the steam before it leaves the inner casing by providing a plurality of reaction stages within the inner casing 5 reduces the temperature and pressure to which the outer casing 3 is subjected and thus, increases the allowable unit stress and reduces the stress due to the smaller pressure differential across the outer casing so that the outer casing can be made much thinner reducing the manufacturing cost, and making the turbine smaller and easier to assemble and disassemble in the field.
  • An axial flow steam turbine comprising in combination I a rotor an outer casing,
  • said mounting means comprising a pair of diametrically opposed tongue and groove portions and a pin extending radially through said tongue and groove portions
  • a flexible tubular expansion member adapted to form a'seal between the outer casing and each inlet conduit
  • each nozzle chamber having a plurality of nozzles for directing steam against an annular array of circumferentially spaced rotatable blades fastened to the rotor
  • the nozzle chambers being formed in segments and disposed circumferentially around the rotor to provide an end closure for one end of the inner casing
  • a turbine as set forth in claim I wherein a plurality of stages of rotatable and stationary blades are disposed between the inner casing and the rotor downstream of the first mentioned rotatable blades.
  • mounting means further comprises a pair of diametrically opposed keys and keyways which cooperate with the tongue and groove portions to locate the inner casing axially and allow free radial movement of the inner v casing with respect to the outer casing.
  • An axial flow steam turbine comprising in combination a rotor an outer casing
  • a flexible tubular expansion member adapted to form a seal between the outer casing and each inlet conduit
  • each nozzle chamber having a plurality of nozzles for directing steam against an annular array of circumferentially spaced rotatable blades fastened to the rotor
  • the nozzle chambers being formed in segments and disposed circumferentially around the rotor to provide an end closure for one end of the inner casing
  • each nozzle segment having a circumferentially extending flange portion extending over said inner casing, said seal being disposed between said flange portion and said inner casing,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
US00166221A 1971-07-26 1971-07-26 Multi-casing turbine Expired - Lifetime US3746463A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US16622171A 1971-07-26 1971-07-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3746463A true US3746463A (en) 1973-07-17

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00166221A Expired - Lifetime US3746463A (en) 1971-07-26 1971-07-26 Multi-casing turbine

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3746463A (fr)
BE (1) BE786674A (fr)
CA (1) CA960147A (fr)
DE (1) DE2231034A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES404588A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2147609A5 (fr)
IT (1) IT962769B (fr)
NL (1) NL7208750A (fr)

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4362464A (en) * 1980-08-22 1982-12-07 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Turbine cylinder-seal system
US4661043A (en) * 1985-10-23 1987-04-28 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Steam turbine high pressure vent and seal system
US4772178A (en) * 1987-01-28 1988-09-20 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Thermal shield for the steam inlet connection of a steam turbine
US4936002A (en) * 1989-04-03 1990-06-26 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Method of modifying integral steam chest steam turbines
US5149247A (en) * 1989-04-26 1992-09-22 Gec Alsthom Sa Single hp-mp internal stator for a steam turbine with controlled steam conditioning
US5628617A (en) * 1996-08-12 1997-05-13 Demag Delavel Turbomachinery Corp. Turbocare Division Expanding bell seal
US5676521A (en) * 1996-07-22 1997-10-14 Haynes; Christopher J. Steam turbine with superheat retaining extraction
WO1999051857A1 (fr) * 1998-04-06 1999-10-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Turbomachine comportant un boitier interne et un boitier externe
US6237338B1 (en) * 1998-06-04 2001-05-29 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Flexible inlet tube for a high and intermediate pressure steam turbine
CN100362214C (zh) * 2003-03-05 2008-01-16 通用电气公司 用于旋转机器主配合密封的装置
JP2008075645A (ja) * 2006-08-21 2008-04-03 Toshiba Corp 蒸気タービン
US20080317591A1 (en) * 2007-06-19 2008-12-25 Siemens Power Generation, Inc. Centerline suspension for turbine internal component
US20090053048A1 (en) * 2007-08-22 2009-02-26 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Steam turbine
US20090068001A1 (en) * 2007-08-22 2009-03-12 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Steam turbine
US20090269190A1 (en) * 2004-03-26 2009-10-29 Thomas Wunderlich Arrangement for automatic running gap control on a two or multi-stage turbine
US20100031671A1 (en) * 2006-08-17 2010-02-11 Siemens Power Generation, Inc. Inner ring with independent thermal expansion for mounting gas turbine flow path components
CN1573018B (zh) * 2003-05-20 2010-09-15 株式会社东芝 蒸汽涡轮机
US20120070269A1 (en) * 2010-09-16 2012-03-22 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Steam turbine
US20130058779A1 (en) * 2011-09-07 2013-03-07 General Electric Company Turbine casing assembly mounting pin
US10196938B2 (en) 2015-05-05 2019-02-05 Rolls-Royce Plc Casing assembly
JP2019049218A (ja) * 2017-09-08 2019-03-28 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 蒸気タービンのシール装置及びこのシール装置を備える蒸気タービン
US10359117B2 (en) * 2017-03-06 2019-07-23 General Electric Company Aspirating face seal with non-coiled retraction springs
US10711629B2 (en) 2017-09-20 2020-07-14 Generl Electric Company Method of clearance control for an interdigitated turbine engine
US11028718B2 (en) 2017-09-20 2021-06-08 General Electric Company Seal assembly for counter rotating turbine assembly
US20220251974A1 (en) * 2019-05-16 2022-08-11 Safran Aero Boosters Sa Compressor housing for a turbine engine
US11428160B2 (en) 2020-12-31 2022-08-30 General Electric Company Gas turbine engine with interdigitated turbine and gear assembly

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5104288A (en) * 1990-12-10 1992-04-14 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Dual plane bolted joint for separately-supported segmental stationary turbine blade assemblies

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT76744B (de) * 1912-03-12 1919-06-10 Ljungstroems Angturbin Ab Befestigung von Dampfturbinenteilen, insbesondere von Radialturbinenteilen, im Turbinengehäuse oder -mantel.
US1625541A (en) * 1923-12-21 1927-04-19 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Elastic-fluid turbine
GB661822A (en) * 1948-09-17 1951-11-28 Westinghouse Electric Int Co Improvements in or relating to high temperature apparatus such as a steam turbine
FR1126806A (fr) * 1954-07-19 1956-12-03 Licentia Gmbh Turbine à vapeur axiale à haute pression ou turbine à gaz axiale avec admission centrale, comportant une ou plusieurs garnitures de carter pour chacun de deux groupes d'étages traversés en sens contraires et présentant des pressions d'admission différentes
DE1004202B (de) * 1954-01-27 1957-03-14 Siemens Ag Hoechstdruck-Hoechsttemperaturturbine mit eingesetztem Innengehaeuse
US2823891A (en) * 1953-05-20 1958-02-18 Westinghouse Electric Corp Steam turbine
US3659956A (en) * 1970-12-14 1972-05-02 Gen Electric Welded inlet pipe and nozzle box construction for steam turbines

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT76744B (de) * 1912-03-12 1919-06-10 Ljungstroems Angturbin Ab Befestigung von Dampfturbinenteilen, insbesondere von Radialturbinenteilen, im Turbinengehäuse oder -mantel.
US1625541A (en) * 1923-12-21 1927-04-19 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Elastic-fluid turbine
GB661822A (en) * 1948-09-17 1951-11-28 Westinghouse Electric Int Co Improvements in or relating to high temperature apparatus such as a steam turbine
US2823891A (en) * 1953-05-20 1958-02-18 Westinghouse Electric Corp Steam turbine
DE1004202B (de) * 1954-01-27 1957-03-14 Siemens Ag Hoechstdruck-Hoechsttemperaturturbine mit eingesetztem Innengehaeuse
FR1126806A (fr) * 1954-07-19 1956-12-03 Licentia Gmbh Turbine à vapeur axiale à haute pression ou turbine à gaz axiale avec admission centrale, comportant une ou plusieurs garnitures de carter pour chacun de deux groupes d'étages traversés en sens contraires et présentant des pressions d'admission différentes
US3659956A (en) * 1970-12-14 1972-05-02 Gen Electric Welded inlet pipe and nozzle box construction for steam turbines

Cited By (42)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4362464A (en) * 1980-08-22 1982-12-07 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Turbine cylinder-seal system
US4661043A (en) * 1985-10-23 1987-04-28 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Steam turbine high pressure vent and seal system
US4772178A (en) * 1987-01-28 1988-09-20 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Thermal shield for the steam inlet connection of a steam turbine
US4936002A (en) * 1989-04-03 1990-06-26 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Method of modifying integral steam chest steam turbines
US5149247A (en) * 1989-04-26 1992-09-22 Gec Alsthom Sa Single hp-mp internal stator for a steam turbine with controlled steam conditioning
US5676521A (en) * 1996-07-22 1997-10-14 Haynes; Christopher J. Steam turbine with superheat retaining extraction
US5628617A (en) * 1996-08-12 1997-05-13 Demag Delavel Turbomachinery Corp. Turbocare Division Expanding bell seal
EP0952311A1 (fr) * 1998-04-06 1999-10-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Turbomachine avec un carter interieur et un carter extérieur
US6607352B1 (en) 1998-04-06 2003-08-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Turbo machine with an inner housing and an outer housing
CN1119510C (zh) * 1998-04-06 2003-08-27 西门子公司 具有内壳和外壳的透平机
WO1999051857A1 (fr) * 1998-04-06 1999-10-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Turbomachine comportant un boitier interne et un boitier externe
US6237338B1 (en) * 1998-06-04 2001-05-29 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Flexible inlet tube for a high and intermediate pressure steam turbine
CN100362214C (zh) * 2003-03-05 2008-01-16 通用电气公司 用于旋转机器主配合密封的装置
CN1573018B (zh) * 2003-05-20 2010-09-15 株式会社东芝 蒸汽涡轮机
US20090269190A1 (en) * 2004-03-26 2009-10-29 Thomas Wunderlich Arrangement for automatic running gap control on a two or multi-stage turbine
US7686575B2 (en) * 2006-08-17 2010-03-30 Siemens Energy, Inc. Inner ring with independent thermal expansion for mounting gas turbine flow path components
US20100031671A1 (en) * 2006-08-17 2010-02-11 Siemens Power Generation, Inc. Inner ring with independent thermal expansion for mounting gas turbine flow path components
JP2008075645A (ja) * 2006-08-21 2008-04-03 Toshiba Corp 蒸気タービン
US8790076B2 (en) 2007-06-19 2014-07-29 Demag Delaval Turbomachinery, Inc. Centerline suspension for turbine internal component
US8430625B2 (en) * 2007-06-19 2013-04-30 Siemens Demag Delaval Turbomachinery, Inc. Centerline suspension for turbine internal component
US20080317591A1 (en) * 2007-06-19 2008-12-25 Siemens Power Generation, Inc. Centerline suspension for turbine internal component
US8142146B2 (en) 2007-08-22 2012-03-27 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Steam turbine
EP2028346A3 (fr) * 2007-08-22 2010-03-10 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Turbine à vapeur
US20090068001A1 (en) * 2007-08-22 2009-03-12 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Steam turbine
US8152448B2 (en) 2007-08-22 2012-04-10 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Steam turbine having a nozzle box arranged at an upstream side of a steam passage that divides a space between a rotor and a casing into spaces that are sealed from each other
US20090053048A1 (en) * 2007-08-22 2009-02-26 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Steam turbine
JP2009047122A (ja) * 2007-08-22 2009-03-05 Toshiba Corp 蒸気タービン
US20120070269A1 (en) * 2010-09-16 2012-03-22 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Steam turbine
JP2012062828A (ja) * 2010-09-16 2012-03-29 Toshiba Corp 蒸気タービン
US9133711B2 (en) * 2010-09-16 2015-09-15 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Steam turbine
US20130058779A1 (en) * 2011-09-07 2013-03-07 General Electric Company Turbine casing assembly mounting pin
US8992167B2 (en) * 2011-09-07 2015-03-31 General Electric Company Turbine casing assembly mounting pin
CN102996189A (zh) * 2011-09-07 2013-03-27 通用电气公司 涡轮机壳体组件安装销
CN102996189B (zh) * 2011-09-07 2016-03-16 通用电气公司 涡轮机壳体组件安装销
US10196938B2 (en) 2015-05-05 2019-02-05 Rolls-Royce Plc Casing assembly
US10359117B2 (en) * 2017-03-06 2019-07-23 General Electric Company Aspirating face seal with non-coiled retraction springs
JP2019049218A (ja) * 2017-09-08 2019-03-28 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 蒸気タービンのシール装置及びこのシール装置を備える蒸気タービン
US10711629B2 (en) 2017-09-20 2020-07-14 Generl Electric Company Method of clearance control for an interdigitated turbine engine
US11028718B2 (en) 2017-09-20 2021-06-08 General Electric Company Seal assembly for counter rotating turbine assembly
US20220251974A1 (en) * 2019-05-16 2022-08-11 Safran Aero Boosters Sa Compressor housing for a turbine engine
US11946384B2 (en) * 2019-05-16 2024-04-02 Safran Aero Boosters Sa Compressor housing for a turbine engine
US11428160B2 (en) 2020-12-31 2022-08-30 General Electric Company Gas turbine engine with interdigitated turbine and gear assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE786674A (fr) 1973-01-25
CA960147A (en) 1974-12-31
NL7208750A (fr) 1973-01-30
FR2147609A5 (fr) 1973-03-09
IT962769B (it) 1973-12-31
ES404588A1 (es) 1975-11-16
DE2231034A1 (de) 1973-02-08

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