US3746086A

US3746086A - Heat exchangers

Info

Publication number: US3746086A
Application number: US00175675A
Authority: US
Inventors: S Pasternak
Original assignee: Peerless of America Inc
Current assignee: Peerless of America Inc
Priority date: 1971-08-27
Filing date: 1971-08-27
Publication date: 1973-07-17
Anticipated expiration: 1990-07-17
Also published as: JPS5310297B2; DE2241407C3; JPS4857242A; GB1351105A; CA952097A; DE2241407A1; DE2241407B2

Abstract

A heat exchanger embodying an elongated tubular member with integral fins, in the form of spines, projecting outwardly therefrom in rows, with the transversely adjacent fins in adjacent rows being disposed different distances from an end of the tubular member.

Description

' United States Patent Pasternak 1 July 17, 1973 [5 HEAT EXCHANGERS 3,229,722 l/1966 Kritzer .1 132 39 K [75] Inventor: Stephen F. Pasternak, Park Ridge, 33 1 5 3 [73] Assigneez 2:321:82 ofilAmerlca, Incorporated, Primary Examiner charles J Myhre g Assistant ExaminerTheophi1 W. Streule, Jr. [22] Filed: Aug. 27, 1971 AttorneyRoot & OKeeffe [21] Appl. No; 175,675

B TR [52] US. Cl. 165/181, 113/118 B, 29/1573 B [57] A 8 ACT [51] II}!- Cl F281 l/20 A heat exchanger embodying an elongated tubular [58] Field 01 Search 165/181, 182, 179; member with integral fins in the form of spines 29/1573 B; 113/118 B; 138/3 jecting outwardly therefrom in rows, with the transversely adjacent fins in adjacent rows being disposed [56] References C'ted different distances from an end of the tubular member.

. UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,202,212 8/1965 Kritzer 165/179 11 Claims, 5 Drawing Figures Patented July 17, 1973 HEAT' EXCHANGERS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to heat exchangers and, more particularly, to heat exchangers of thetype embodying outwardly projecting fins.

It is a primary object of the present invention to afford a novel heat exchanger of the finned type, and a novel method of making such a heat exchanger.

Another object of the present invention is to afford a novel finned heat exchanger, wherein the fins are formed by cutting or gouging them from wall portions of the heat exchanger.

Another object is to afford a novel finned heat exchanger wherein the fms are formed by cutting or gouging them from the ribs of ribbed tubular stock.

Heat exchangers embodying spines formed from outwardly projecting ribs on a tubularrnember have been disclosed in R. W. Kritzer United States Letters Patent Nos. 3,202,212 and 3,229,722. Heatexchangers of the type disclosed in the aforementionedKritzer patents have proven to be very effective. However, it is an object of the present invention to afford improvements over heat exchangers of the type disclosed in the aforementioned Kritzer patents.

Another object of the present inventionis to afford a novel finned heat exchanger having fins in the form of outwardly projecting spines constituted and arranged in a novel and expeditious manner.

Another object of the present invention is to afford.

a novel finned heat exchanger which is practical and efficient in operation and which may bereadily and economically produced commercially.

Other and further objects of the present invention will be apparent from the following description and claims and are illustrated in the accompanying drawings which, by way of illustration, show' preferred embodiments of the present invention andthe principles thereof and what I now consider'to be the best mode in which I have contemplated applying these principles. Other embodiments of the invention embodying the same or equivalent principles may be used and structural changes may be made as desired by those skilled in the art without departing from the present invention and the purview of the appended claims.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a length of heat exchanger element embodying the principles of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a fragmentary, side elevational view of a portion of the heat exchanger element shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged, somewhat diagrammatic, fragmentary, sectional view taken substantially on the line 3-3 in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view similar to FIG. 1, but showing a modified form of the present invention; and

FIG. 5 is a fragmentary, side elevational viewof a portion of the heat exchanger element shown in FIG. 4.

DESCRIPTION OF THE'EMBODIMENTS SHOWN HEREIN the drawings as one end portion of an elongated tubular member 2, to illustrate the presently preferred embodiment of the present invention, and to illustrate the presently preferred method of making heat exchangers in accordance with the principles of the present invention.

As will be discussed in greater detail hereinafter, in the preferred practice of the present invention the heat exchanger element 1 preferably is formed from a suit able length of tubular stock, such as the tubular member 2, working from one end portion A of the tubular member 2,. FIG. 1, toward the other end B thereof, and severing the heat exchanger 1 from the remainder B-C of the tubular member 2 upon completion of the forming ,of the desired length of heat exchanger, such as, for example, the length A-C.

Theheat, exchanger element 1 embodies, in general, an elongated tubular body portion 3 having elongated

fins

4, 5 and 6 projecting outwardly, in rows, from elongated, outwardly projecting

ribs

7, 8 and 9, respectively, which extend longitudinally of the tubular member 2 in parallel spaced relation to each other. Each of the fins 4-6 embodies an elongated base portion 10 and an outer free end portion 11. As will be discussed in greater detail presently, the fins 4-6 are formed from the tubular body member 2, and the base portions 10 thereof are integral with the adjacent, underlying portion of the-tubular body portion 3 of the finished heat exchanger.

The tubular'member 2 shown in the drawings is substantially rectangular in transverse cross section, embodying a top wall 12 and a bottom wall 13 disposed in substantially parallel relation to each other, and two oppositely disposed

side walls

14 and 15 extending between the respective longitudinal edges of the

walls

12 and 13 in substantially perpendicular relation thereto. Openings 16 extend longitudinally through the tubular member 2. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the tubular member 2 is shown in FIGS. l-3 as being rectangular in transverse cross section and as having a plurality of openings 16 extending therethrough merely by way of illustration and not by way of limitation, and tubular members having shapes other than rectangular and having a single opening extending longitudinally therethrough may be afforded without departing from the purview of the present invention.

The tubular member 2, from which the heat exchanger 1, shown in the drawings, is made, may be formed of any suitable material, such as, for example, aluminum, and, preferably, in addition to the three ribs 7-9, which project outwardly from the top wall 12, embodies three

similar ribs

17, 18 and 19 on the bottom wall.l3.

ples of the present invention, is shown in FIGS. l-3 of In making the heat exchanger 1, a tubular member such asthe tubular member 2, and embodying the ribs 7-9 and 17-19 extending the full length thereof, may first be. formed. Thereafter, the fins 4-6 may be successively formed on the ribs 7-9 from one end portion of the tubular member 2, such as the end portion A, toward the other end B thereof. The fins 4-6 may be cut or gouged from theribs 7-9, respectively, from which they extend, by means of a suitable cutting tool, such as the cutting tool 20 shown in FIG. I.

The cutting tool 20 embodies three

elongated cutting surfaces

21, 22 and 23, disposed in laterally offset relation to each other in position to be moved longitudinally of the ribs 7-9, respectively. The two

cutting surfaces

21 and 23, which are the two outermost cutting surfaces on the cutting tool 20, are disposed in uniplanar relation to each other. Preferably, the cutting edges 24 of the cutting surfaces 21-23, which are disposed at the lower ends of the respective cutting surfaces 21-23, are disposed in unilinear relation to each other.

In the cutting tool 20, the cutting surface 22, which is disposed between the

cutting surfaces

21 and 23, projects outwardly to the right, as viewed in FIG. 1, from the cutting edge 24 thereof a greater distance than the

cutting surfaces

21 and 23 project from their respective cutting edges 24, to thereby dispose the main body portion of the cutting surface 22 forwardly of the

cutting surfaces

21 and 23 in the direction of travel of the cutting tool 20 during a cutting operation, which is from left to right, as viewed in FIG. 1. The cutting surfaces 21-23 are of such width, and are so disposed relative to each other, that each may be moved longitudinally along a respective one of the ribs 7-9 during a cutting operation of the tool 20.

In the operation of the cutting tool 20, it reciprocates through a series of spaced cutting strokes from the end A toward the end B of the tubular member 2, with the cutting surfaces 21-23 cutting and raising fins 4-6 from the ribs 7-9, respectively. Referring to FIG. 3, which is a somewhat diagrammatic view through the rib 8 and one of the fins 5 thereon, the fins 4-6 are formed on each of the ribs 7-9, respectively, by passage of the cutting surfaces 21-23, respectively, along successive, parallel paths of travel, such as the paths of

travel

25 and 26 shown on the rib 8 in FIG. 3. As the cutting edges 24 move downwardly along the successive paths of travel, the main body portions of the cutting surfaces 21-23 turn the metal thus severed from the underlying respective one of the ribs 7-9 upwardly into outwardly projecting position. Actually, because of the spacing of the

successive cut lines

25 and 26 along the outer surfaces of the ribs 7-9, after the initial tins 4-6 are formed on the ribs 7-9, sloping end portions like end portions 27 shown in FIG. 3, are initially formed upon the outer end portions of each of the tins 4-6. However, the cutting operation causes the fins 4-6 to compress longitudinally so that, as a practical matter, the tapers 27 substantially disappear on fins of usual thickness, to thereby afford a relatively smooth-sided appearance for the outer ends of the fins 4-6 similar to that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

It will be remembered that the main body portion of the cutting surface 22 is disposed forwardly of the main body portions of the

cutting surfaces

21 and 23. Thus, in the formation of the fins 4-6, although the bases 10 of the immediately transversely adjacent fins 4-6 in the adjacent rows thereof extending along the ribs 7-8 are disposed in unilinear relation to each other, the outer free end portions 11 of each of the fins 5 on the central rib 8 projects forwardly away from the end B of the tubular member 2 a greater distance than the

fins

4 and 6 on the ribs 7 and 9, respectively.

With this construction of the heat exchanger 1, the free end portions 11 of the ribs 5 in alternate ones of the rows afforded along the ribs 7-8 project forwardly out of uniplanar relation to the

fins

4 and 6 disposed immediately transversely adjacent thereto, to thereby afford obstructions extending transversely across the passageways between the fins 4-6 spaced longitudinally of the body member 3. This construction is effective to increase the static drop through the heat exchanger 1,

when air flow thereacross is in a direction transverse to the length of the surface from which the ribs 4-6 project. It is also effective to increase the turbulance of the air thus flowing across the heat exchanger 1, and to increase the heat transfer capacity of the heat exchanger 1 for the same volume of air passing across such a surface, as compared to a heat exchanger construction wherein the immediately transversely adjacent fins are all disposed in uniplanar relation to each other.

After thus forming the fins 4 along the desired length of the tubular member 2, such as the length A-C, the tubular member 2 may be severed transversely to its length at the point C to thereby afford a finished heat exchanger element having fins 4-6 spaced along the length thereof. The heat exchanger 1 is shown in the drawings as having fins 4-6 projecting outwardly from only the top wall 12 thereof, and, if desired, it may be so formed. However, if desired, fins, similar to the fins 4-6 may be cut from other sides of the tubular member 2, such as, for example, from the ribs 17-19 on the bottom wall 13.

In FIGS. 4 and 5 a modified form of the present invention is shown, and parts which are the same as parts shown in FIGS. 1-3 are indicated by the same reference numerals, and parts which are similar to, but substituted for parts shown in FIGS. 1-3 are indicated by the same reference numerals with the suffix a added thereto.

The heat exchanger 1a shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is the same in construction as the heat exchanger shown in FIG. 1, except that the bases 10 of the

fins

4 and 6 disposed on the ribs 7 and 9 are not in alignment with the bases 10a of any of the fins 5a disposed on the rib 8.

In the cutting tool 20a, the entire cutting surface 22a, including the cutting edge 24a thereof is disposed forwardly of the

cutting surfaces

21 and 23. Preferably, the cutting surface 22a projects forwardly of the

cutting surfaces

21 and 23 half the distance that the fins 4-6 are spaced longitudinally of the ribs 7-8, so that the immediately transversely

adjacent fins

4 and 6 on the ribs 7 and 9 are disposed in uniplanar relation to each other, with the adjacent fins 5a on the rib 8 disposed midway therebetween.

With this construction, the transverse passageways afforded between adjacent pairs of

fins

4 and 6 spaced longitudinally of the ribs 7 and 9 are partially blocked by fins 5a disposed midway therebetween, to thereby afford a narrowed, tortuous path through the fins 4-6 transversely to the length of the heat exchanger la.

It is to be observed-that although only three rows of fins are shown on the heat exchangers 1 and 1a, that is merely by way of illustration and not by way of limitation, and that heat exchangers embodying a greater number of finned ribs spaced transversely thereacross may be afforded and formed without departing from the purview of the present invention. Also, if desired, fins in rows other than alternate rows, such as, for example, alternate adjacent pairs of rows, and the like, may be offset from each other without departing from the purview of the present invention.

From the foregoing it will be seen tht the present invention affords a novel heat exchanger of the finned type, wherein the fins are in the form of spines.

Also it will be seen that the present invention affords a novel method of forming such a heat exchanger.

In addition, it will be seen that the present invention affords a novel finned heat exchanger which is practical and efficient in operation, and which may be readily and economically produced commercially.

Thus, while I have illustrated and described the preferred embodiments of my invention, it is to be understood that these are capable of variation and modification, and I therefore do not wish to be limited to the precise details set forth, but desire to avail myself of such changes and alterations as fall within the purview of the following claims.

I claim:

1. A heat transfer element comprising a. a tubular member having an elongated wall,

b. a plurality of fins projecting outwardly from said wall in a plurality of laterally spaced rows,

0. said fins in each of said rows 1. having base portions extending transversely to their respective row, and 2. having free end portions projecting outwardly of said base portions,

d. said free end portions of said fins in certain of said rows projecting toward one end of said wall a greater distance than do said free end portions of immediately transversely adjacent fins in the other of said rows.

2. A heat transfer element as defined in claim 1, and

in which a. said base portions of said fins in said certain rows are disposed in substantially longitudinal alignment with said base portions of said immediately transversely adjacent fins'in said other rows.

3. A heat transfer element as defined in claim 1, and

in which a. said base portions of said tins in said certain rows are disposed in substantially parallel relation to a longitudinal projection of said base portions of said immediately transversely adjacent fins in said other rows.

4. A heat transfer element as defined in claim 1, and

in which a. said laterally spaced rows are alternately said cer tain rows and said other rows.

5. A heat transfer element as defined in claim 4, and

in which a. said base portions of said fins in said certain rows are disposed in substantially longitudinal alignment with said base portions of said immediately transversely adjacent fins in said other rows.

6. A heat transfer element as defined in claim 4, and

in which a. said base portions of said fins in said certain rows are disposed in substantially parallel relation to a longitudinal projection of said base portions of said immediately transversely adjacent fins in said other rows.

7. A heat transfer element as defined in in which a. said tubular member 1. is substantially rectangular in transverse cross section, and 2. has two substantially parallel outer faces, and

b. said rows of fins are disposed on at least one of said faces.

8. A heat transfer element as defined in claim 7, and

in which a. said laterally spaced rows are alternately said certain rows and said other rows.

9. A heat transfer element as defined in claim 8, and

10. A heat transfer element as defined in claim 8, and

11. A heat transfer element as defined in claim 8, and

in which a. said one face has a plurality of outwardly projecting, substantially parallel spaced ribs thereon, and

b. said rows of fins are disposed on respective ones of said ribs.

claim 1, and

Claims

1. A heat transfer element comprising a. a tubular member having an elongated wall, b. a plurality of fins projecting outwardly from said wall in a plurality of laterally spaced rows, c. said fins in each of said rows 1. having base portions extending transversely to their respective row, and 2. having free end portions projecting outwardly of said base portions, d. said free end portions of said fins in certain of said rows projecting toward one end of said wall a greater distance than do said free end portions of immediately transversely adjacent fins in the other of said rows.

2. turning said fins outwardly into outwardly projecting position wherein said free end portions of said fins on alternate ones of said rows project further toward one end of said tubular member than the free end portions on immediately transversely adjacent fins in the outer of said rows.

2. having free end portions projecting outwardly of said base portions, d. said free end portions of said fins in certain of said rows projecting toward one end of said wall a greater distance than do said free end portions of immediately transversely adjacent fins in the other of said rows.

2. A heat transfer element as defined in claim 1, and in which a. said base portions of said fins in said certain rows are disposed in substantially longitudinal alignment with said base portions of said immediately transversely adjacent fins in said other rows.

2. has two substantially parallel outer faces, and b. said rows of fins are disposed on at least one of said faces.

3. A heat transfer element as defined in claim 1, and in which a. said base portIons of said fins in said certain rows are disposed in substantially parallel relation to a longitudinal projection of said base portions of said immediately transversely adjacent fins in said other rows.

4. A heat transfer element as defined in claim 1, and in which a. said laterally spaced rows are alternately said certain rows and said other rows.

5. A heat transfer element as defined in claim 4, and in which a. said base portions of said fins in said certain rows are disposed in substantially longitudinal alignment with said base portions of said immediately transversely adjacent fins in said other rows.

6. A heat transfer element as defined in claim 4, and in which a. said base portions of said fins in said certain rows are disposed in substantially parallel relation to a longitudinal projection of said base portions of said immediately transversely adjacent fins in said other rows.

7. A heat transfer element as defined in claim 1, and in which a. said tubular member

8. A heat transfer element as defined in claim 7, and in which a. said laterally spaced rows are alternately said certain rows and said other rows.

9. A heat transfer element as defined in claim 8, and in which a. said base portions of said fins in said certain rows are disposed in substantially longitudinal alignment with said base portions of said immediately transversely adjacent fins in said other rows.

10. A heat transfer element as defined in claim 8, and in which a. said base portions of said fins in said certain rows are disposed in substantially parallel relation to a longitudinal projection of said base portions of said immediately transversely adjacent fins in said other rows.

11. A heat transfer element as defined in claim 8, and in which a. said one face has a plurality of outwardly projecting, substantially parallel spaced ribs thereon, and b. said rows of fins are disposed on respective ones of said ribs.

12. The method of making a heat transfer element, comprising a. forming an elongated tubular member having a wall portion with spaced elongated ribs extending longitudinally of said tubular member, and b. successively, from one end portion of said tubular member toward the other end portion thereof,

13. The method of making a heat transfer element as defined in claim 12, and in which a. the immediately transversely adjacent fins on adjacent rows are formed with longitudinally aligned base portions.

14. The method of making a heat transfer element as defined in claim 12, and in which a. the fins in said alternate rows are formed with said base portions thereof disposed