US3744762A - Homogenizing method and apparatus - Google Patents

Homogenizing method and apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3744762A
US3744762A US00181364A US3744762DA US3744762A US 3744762 A US3744762 A US 3744762A US 00181364 A US00181364 A US 00181364A US 3744762D A US3744762D A US 3744762DA US 3744762 A US3744762 A US 3744762A
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United States
Prior art keywords
liquid
annular gap
annular
inner periphery
gap
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00181364A
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English (en)
Inventor
W Schlicht
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Alfa Laval Bergedorfer Eisenwerke GmbH
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Alfa Laval Bergedorfer Eisenwerke GmbH
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Priority claimed from DE19702046326 external-priority patent/DE2046326C/de
Application filed by Alfa Laval Bergedorfer Eisenwerke GmbH filed Critical Alfa Laval Bergedorfer Eisenwerke GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/44—Mixers in which the components are pressed through slits
    • B01F25/441—Mixers in which the components are pressed through slits characterised by the configuration of the surfaces forming the slits
    • B01F25/4412—Mixers in which the components are pressed through slits characterised by the configuration of the surfaces forming the slits the slits being formed between opposed planar surfaces, e.g. pushed again each other by springs

Definitions

  • the liquid 138/42, 43; 251/127 is forced under pressure and at high speed from the radially outward to the radially inward periphery of an [56] References Cited annular gap, and during the passage it is made to un- UNITED STATES PATENTS 9/1907 Foster 251/127 X dergo cavitation once or repetitively.
  • the present invention relates generally to the homogenization of liquids, and more particularly to the homogenization of liquids containing several nonadmixable phases. Still more particularly the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for effecting such homogenization.
  • a concomitant object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for carrying out the novel method.
  • one feature of the invention resides in a homogenizing method for liquids containing non-admixable phases, which method comprises, briefly stated, the step of establishing an annular gap having an outer and an inner periphery. Thereupon, a multi-phase liquid containing separate nonadmixable phases is passed under pressure and at high speed through the annular gap from the outer towards the inner periphery thereof. During the passage through this gap the liquid is caused to undergo cavitation.
  • This method provides the desired improvements.
  • An apparatus for carrying out the novel method comprises means defining an annular gap having a radially inner and a radially outer periphery and being bounded by a pair of juxtaposed surfaces.
  • the supply channel for the liquid to be homogenized communicates with the radially outer periphery and the removal channel communicates with the radially inner periphery, and during passage between the juxtaposed surfaces bounding the radial gap the liquid is caused by suitable means to undergo cavitation.
  • At least one of the surfaces is provided with one or several concentric annular grooves which preferably are closer towards the radially inner periphery than the radially outer periphery of the annular gap.
  • the dimensions of the grooves and the width of the annular gap are so coordinated with one another and with the pressure at which the liquid is supplied that in operation there will develop in the annular gap alternating regions in which the pressure of the liquid is respectively above and below the boiling pressure of the continuous phase of the liquid.
  • FIGURE is a somewhat diagrammatic axial section through an apparatus according to the present invention.
  • a hollow cylindrical jacket or casing 7 in which there are mountedspaced from one another in the direction of fluid flow through the jacket, as indicated by the two arrows-a homogenizing plate 4 and the axially apertured homogenizing seat member 5.
  • the plate 4 has a supply channel 1 composed of the illustrated axial inlet bore, radial passages and an outer annular chamber portion. All of these portions of the channel 1 are clearly illustrated and none of them are believed to require a more detailed discussion.
  • a shear nozzle 8 known per se is installed in the axial bore of the channel 1 so that the liquid to be homo-genized must pass through the nozzle 8 before it can reach the annular gap still to be described.
  • An axial removal or outflow channel 3 communicates with the aperture in the homogenizing seat 5.
  • the juxtaposed surfaces of the plate 4 and the seat 5 define with one another a radial annular gap 2 having a radially outer and a radially inner periphery.
  • the liquid entering through the nozzle 8 will flow around the plate 4 and enter the gap 2 at the radially outer periphery thereof, passing at high speed and under pressure in the radially inward direction to the radially inner periphery of the gap 2 and from there' into the channel 3.
  • both of the surfaces bounding the gap 2 which are identified-with reference numerals 4a and 5a, respectively, are each provided with three concentric annular grooves 6. However, only one of these surfaces could be provided with only one of these grooves, or with two or more of them.
  • the width of the gap 2 and the dimensions of the grooves 6 are so coordinated with one another that in the gap 2 there will develop in operation alternating regions in which the pressure to which the liquid is subjected will be below and above the boiling pressure of the continuous phase of the liquid.
  • the pressure will decrease in the gap because of the linear decrease in cross-section. This means that, if the dimensions and flow conditons are appropriately selected and coordinated, the pressure of the liquid passing through the gap 2 will drop below the boiling pressure of the continuous phase in the gap 2, but not in the annular grooves 6.
  • the grooves 6 will be closer to the inner periphery of the gap 2 than to the outer one, and by utilizing several of the grooves 6 which are encountered successively as the liquid passes through the gap 2, alternating vaporization and cavitation zones are obtained. Because the cross-section of the annular gap 2 decreases in direction from the outer towards the inner periphery the pressure in each successive annular vaporizing zone is lower than in the preceding one, so that renewed vaporization will result in each cavitation zone.
  • the configuration and the dimensioning of the plate 4 and of the seat 5, as well as the width and radial length of the annular gap 2 and the arrangement and dimensioning of the grooves 6, as well as the speed at which liquid is supplied into the gap 2 can be determined and coordinated with reference to one another by persons with ordinary skill in the art given the above information and in dependence upon the liquid to be homogenized and the degree of homogenization which it is desired to obtain. It is not absolutely necessary that the liquid be pre-homogenized, as by passing it through the nozzle 8, before entering into the gap 2, but if it is desired to obtain homogenization conditions, then it is important that such pre-homogenization be provided.
  • a homogenizing method for liquids containing non-admixable phases comprising the first step of establishing an annular gap having an outer and an inner periphery; the second step of passing a multi-phase liquid under pressure and at high speed through said annular gap from said outer towards said inner periphery thereof; and the third step of causing the development of cavitation in said liquid during passage thereof through said annular gap.
  • said third step comprises causing the repeated development of cavitation during passage of said liquid through said annular gap.
  • a homogenizing apparatus particularly for homogenizing liquids containing a plurality of nonadmixable phases, comprising first means defining an annular gap having an outer and an inner periphery and being bounded by a pair of juxtaposed surfaces; and second means for effecting the development of cavitation in liquid passing at high speed and under pressure through said annular gap from said outer towards said inner periphery thereof.
  • said second means comprising at least one annular groove provided in at least one of said surfaces, the dimensions of said annular groove and of said annular gap being so coordinated that the liquid pressure within said annular gap is below, and in the region of said annular groove is above the boiling pressure of the continuous phase of said liquid.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
US00181364A 1970-09-19 1971-09-17 Homogenizing method and apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3744762A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19702046326 DE2046326C (de) 1970-09-19 Vorrichtung zum Homogenisieren einer mehrere nicht mischbare Phasen enthaltenden Flüssigkeit

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3744762A true US3744762A (en) 1973-07-10

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US00181364A Expired - Lifetime US3744762A (en) 1970-09-19 1971-09-17 Homogenizing method and apparatus

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US (1) US3744762A (OSRAM)
CH (1) CH539448A (OSRAM)
FR (1) FR2108301A5 (OSRAM)
GB (1) GB1354795A (OSRAM)
IT (1) IT942173B (OSRAM)

Cited By (37)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3809372A (en) * 1971-09-03 1974-05-07 Co Fr De Raffinage Devices for the generation of ultrasonics and their application to the preparation of emulsions
US3894716A (en) * 1973-12-26 1975-07-15 Acf Ind Inc Fluid control means having plurality discs
US3937445A (en) * 1974-02-11 1976-02-10 Vito Agosta Process and apparatus for obtaining the emulsification of nonmiscible liquids
USRE29161E (en) * 1971-09-03 1977-03-29 Compagnie Francaise De Raffinage Devices for the generation of ultrasonics and their application to the preparation of emulsions
US4108210A (en) * 1973-10-09 1978-08-22 Fisher Controls Company Control valve trim assembly
US4127332A (en) * 1976-11-19 1978-11-28 Daedalean Associates, Inc. Homogenizing method and apparatus
US4135829A (en) * 1977-08-24 1979-01-23 International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation Homogenizer
USRE31105E (en) * 1974-02-21 1982-12-21 Controlled pressure drop valve
US4385217A (en) * 1981-04-16 1983-05-24 Binks Manufacturing Company Flushable manifold for diaphragm protected components
US4739795A (en) * 1986-07-18 1988-04-26 Sundstrand Corporation Flow control valve
WO1988005497A1 (fr) * 1987-01-14 1988-07-28 Leningradsky Institut Vodnogo Transporta Dispositif pour traitement par cavitation de combustible liquide
US4762146A (en) * 1986-09-22 1988-08-09 Sundstrand Corporation Flow control valve
US5316780A (en) * 1992-10-14 1994-05-31 Kraft General Foods, Inc. Method for extracting cholesterol from egg yolk
US5449350A (en) * 1994-07-19 1995-09-12 Abbott Laboratories Intravenous fluid administration device containing anti-squirting orifice flow control
US5971601A (en) * 1998-02-06 1999-10-26 Kozyuk; Oleg Vyacheslavovich Method and apparatus of producing liquid disperse systems
US6550956B1 (en) * 1997-09-29 2003-04-22 National Research Council Of Canada Extensional flow mixer
US20070041266A1 (en) * 2005-08-05 2007-02-22 Elmar Huymann Cavitation mixer or stabilizer
US20070189114A1 (en) * 2004-04-16 2007-08-16 Crenano Gmbh Multi-chamber supercavitation reactor
US20070211570A1 (en) * 2000-04-20 2007-09-13 Manfred Schauerte Static mixing element and method of mixing a drilling liquid
US20070241060A1 (en) * 2004-07-26 2007-10-18 Kolb Frank R Hydrodynamic Homogenization
US20080171960A1 (en) * 2006-10-30 2008-07-17 Lifebridge Medizintechnik Ag Apparatus for making extracorporeal blood circulation available
US20100089807A1 (en) * 2006-05-08 2010-04-15 Keith James Heyes Dialysis machine
US20110009798A1 (en) * 2003-11-05 2011-01-13 Baxter International Inc. Renal therapy system having pump reversing fluid control
US20110077576A1 (en) * 2004-11-24 2011-03-31 Gerhard Brieske Apparatus For Making Extracorporeal Blood Circulation Available
US20110208107A1 (en) * 2004-11-24 2011-08-25 Lifebridge Medizintechnik Ag Cardiopulmonary Apparatus And Methods For Preserving Life
US8834399B2 (en) 2010-12-07 2014-09-16 Zoll Lifebridge Gmbh Cardiopulmonary apparatus and methods for preserving organ viability
US20140284822A1 (en) * 2010-05-03 2014-09-25 Apiqe Inc Apparatuses, systems and methods for efficient solubilization of carbon dioxide in water using high energy impact
US20150182977A1 (en) * 2013-12-31 2015-07-02 Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction Co., Ltd. Nozzle for dissolved air flotation system
US9309103B2 (en) 2010-05-03 2016-04-12 Cgp Water Systems, Llc Water dispenser system
US20160303527A1 (en) * 2015-04-16 2016-10-20 Western Energy Support And Technology, Inc. Fluid Mixing Device
US9610551B2 (en) 2011-06-23 2017-04-04 Apiqe Holdings, Llc Flow compensator
US9878273B2 (en) 2011-06-23 2018-01-30 Apiqe Holdings, Llc Disposable filter cartridge for water dispenser
US11040131B2 (en) 2010-12-07 2021-06-22 Zoll Lifebridge Gmbh Method and system for filling and venting a device for extracorporeal blood treatment, with stepped flooding of a filter
US11202997B2 (en) * 2017-07-20 2021-12-21 Sonny's Hfi Holdings, Llc Dilution device for dispensing fluid
PL240420B1 (pl) * 2020-01-08 2022-03-28 Szkola Glowna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego W Warszawie Głowica kawitacyjna
US11633703B2 (en) 2020-04-10 2023-04-25 Sonny's Hfi Holdings, Llc Insert assembly for foaming device
US11925953B2 (en) 2021-03-15 2024-03-12 Sonny's Hfi Holdings, Llc Foam generating device

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU5955296A (en) * 1995-06-07 1996-12-30 Nutrasweet Company, The Apparatus and method for preparing colloidal dispersion

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US866122A (en) * 1906-06-14 1907-09-17 Joseph Foster Water-heater.
US973057A (en) * 1910-02-07 1910-10-18 Nicholas P Mader Mixer.
US2271982A (en) * 1938-03-11 1942-02-03 Condensfabriek Friesland Coop Homogenization of liquid matter
US2511291A (en) * 1947-03-12 1950-06-13 Grover C Mueller Mixer for liquids
US2738931A (en) * 1949-10-31 1956-03-20 Equip Ind Et Laitiers Soc D Comminuting apparatus and method
SU138592A1 (ru) * 1960-06-29 1960-11-30 Б.Н. Груздев Устройство дл смешени микропотоков жидкостей
FR1371350A (fr) * 1963-07-25 1964-09-04 Résistance hydraulique
US3253300A (en) * 1964-01-31 1966-05-31 Black Clawson Co Mixing valve
US3376023A (en) * 1964-08-28 1968-04-02 Lage James Richard Mixing process

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US866122A (en) * 1906-06-14 1907-09-17 Joseph Foster Water-heater.
US973057A (en) * 1910-02-07 1910-10-18 Nicholas P Mader Mixer.
US2271982A (en) * 1938-03-11 1942-02-03 Condensfabriek Friesland Coop Homogenization of liquid matter
US2511291A (en) * 1947-03-12 1950-06-13 Grover C Mueller Mixer for liquids
US2738931A (en) * 1949-10-31 1956-03-20 Equip Ind Et Laitiers Soc D Comminuting apparatus and method
SU138592A1 (ru) * 1960-06-29 1960-11-30 Б.Н. Груздев Устройство дл смешени микропотоков жидкостей
FR1371350A (fr) * 1963-07-25 1964-09-04 Résistance hydraulique
US3253300A (en) * 1964-01-31 1966-05-31 Black Clawson Co Mixing valve
US3376023A (en) * 1964-08-28 1968-04-02 Lage James Richard Mixing process

Cited By (59)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE29161E (en) * 1971-09-03 1977-03-29 Compagnie Francaise De Raffinage Devices for the generation of ultrasonics and their application to the preparation of emulsions
US3809372A (en) * 1971-09-03 1974-05-07 Co Fr De Raffinage Devices for the generation of ultrasonics and their application to the preparation of emulsions
US4108210A (en) * 1973-10-09 1978-08-22 Fisher Controls Company Control valve trim assembly
US3894716A (en) * 1973-12-26 1975-07-15 Acf Ind Inc Fluid control means having plurality discs
US3937445A (en) * 1974-02-11 1976-02-10 Vito Agosta Process and apparatus for obtaining the emulsification of nonmiscible liquids
USRE31105E (en) * 1974-02-21 1982-12-21 Controlled pressure drop valve
US4127332A (en) * 1976-11-19 1978-11-28 Daedalean Associates, Inc. Homogenizing method and apparatus
US4135829A (en) * 1977-08-24 1979-01-23 International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation Homogenizer
US4385217A (en) * 1981-04-16 1983-05-24 Binks Manufacturing Company Flushable manifold for diaphragm protected components
US4739795A (en) * 1986-07-18 1988-04-26 Sundstrand Corporation Flow control valve
US4762146A (en) * 1986-09-22 1988-08-09 Sundstrand Corporation Flow control valve
GB2208186A (en) * 1987-01-14 1989-03-08 Le I Vodnogo Transp Device for cavitation treatment of liquid fuel
WO1988005497A1 (fr) * 1987-01-14 1988-07-28 Leningradsky Institut Vodnogo Transporta Dispositif pour traitement par cavitation de combustible liquide
GB2208186B (en) * 1987-01-14 1990-11-21 Le I Vodnogo Transp Apparatus for cavitation treatment of liquid fuel
DE3790892C2 (de) * 1987-01-14 1992-07-09 Le I Vodnogo Transp Einrichtung zur Behandlung von fl}ssigem Kraftstoff durch Kavitation
US5316780A (en) * 1992-10-14 1994-05-31 Kraft General Foods, Inc. Method for extracting cholesterol from egg yolk
US5449350A (en) * 1994-07-19 1995-09-12 Abbott Laboratories Intravenous fluid administration device containing anti-squirting orifice flow control
US6550956B1 (en) * 1997-09-29 2003-04-22 National Research Council Of Canada Extensional flow mixer
US20030142582A1 (en) * 1997-09-29 2003-07-31 National Research Council Of Canada Extensional flow mixer
US5971601A (en) * 1998-02-06 1999-10-26 Kozyuk; Oleg Vyacheslavovich Method and apparatus of producing liquid disperse systems
US20070211570A1 (en) * 2000-04-20 2007-09-13 Manfred Schauerte Static mixing element and method of mixing a drilling liquid
US7878705B2 (en) * 2000-04-20 2011-02-01 Tt Schmidt Gmbh Static mixing element and method of mixing a drilling liquid
US20110009798A1 (en) * 2003-11-05 2011-01-13 Baxter International Inc. Renal therapy system having pump reversing fluid control
US20070189114A1 (en) * 2004-04-16 2007-08-16 Crenano Gmbh Multi-chamber supercavitation reactor
US20070241060A1 (en) * 2004-07-26 2007-10-18 Kolb Frank R Hydrodynamic Homogenization
US20110077576A1 (en) * 2004-11-24 2011-03-31 Gerhard Brieske Apparatus For Making Extracorporeal Blood Circulation Available
US8721579B2 (en) 2004-11-24 2014-05-13 Zoll Lifebridge Gmbh Cardiopulmonary apparatus and methods for use during PCI and CABG
US20110208108A1 (en) * 2004-11-24 2011-08-25 Lifebridge Medizintechnik Ag Cardiopulmonary Apparatus And Methods For Use During PCI And CABG
US20110208107A1 (en) * 2004-11-24 2011-08-25 Lifebridge Medizintechnik Ag Cardiopulmonary Apparatus And Methods For Preserving Life
US8529488B2 (en) 2004-11-24 2013-09-10 Zoll Lifebridge Gmbh Apparatus for making extracorporeal blood circulation available
US9808565B2 (en) 2004-11-24 2017-11-07 Zoll Lifebridge Gmbh Cardiopulmonary apparatus and methods for use during PCI and CABG
US20070041266A1 (en) * 2005-08-05 2007-02-22 Elmar Huymann Cavitation mixer or stabilizer
US9821109B2 (en) 2005-11-22 2017-11-21 Zoll Lifebridge Gmbh Cardiopulmonary apparatus and methods for preserving organ viability
US20100089807A1 (en) * 2006-05-08 2010-04-15 Keith James Heyes Dialysis machine
US10251991B2 (en) 2006-10-30 2019-04-09 Zoll Lifebridge Gmbh Apparatus for making extracorporeal blood circulation available
US8568347B2 (en) 2006-10-30 2013-10-29 Zoll Lifebridge Gmbh Apparatus for making extracorporeal blood circulation available
US20080171960A1 (en) * 2006-10-30 2008-07-17 Lifebridge Medizintechnik Ag Apparatus for making extracorporeal blood circulation available
US8951220B2 (en) 2006-10-30 2015-02-10 Zoll Lifebridge Gmbh Apparatus for making extracorporeal blood circulation available
US8187214B2 (en) 2006-10-30 2012-05-29 Lifebridge Medizintechnik Ag Apparatus for making extracorporeal blood circulation available
US20140284822A1 (en) * 2010-05-03 2014-09-25 Apiqe Inc Apparatuses, systems and methods for efficient solubilization of carbon dioxide in water using high energy impact
US10150089B2 (en) 2010-05-03 2018-12-11 Apiqe Holdings, Llc Apparatuses, systems and methods for efficient solubilization of carbon dioxide in water using high energy impact
US9309103B2 (en) 2010-05-03 2016-04-12 Cgp Water Systems, Llc Water dispenser system
US9844618B2 (en) 2010-12-07 2017-12-19 Zoll Lifebridge Gmbh Cardiopulmonary apparatus and methods for preserving life
US9623169B2 (en) 2010-12-07 2017-04-18 Zoll Lifebridge Gmbh Method and system for filling and venting a device for extracorporeal blood treatment, with stepped flooding of a filter
US8834399B2 (en) 2010-12-07 2014-09-16 Zoll Lifebridge Gmbh Cardiopulmonary apparatus and methods for preserving organ viability
US11040131B2 (en) 2010-12-07 2021-06-22 Zoll Lifebridge Gmbh Method and system for filling and venting a device for extracorporeal blood treatment, with stepped flooding of a filter
US8882693B2 (en) 2010-12-07 2014-11-11 Zoll Lifebridge Gmbh Cardiopulmonary apparatus and methods for preserving life
US9610551B2 (en) 2011-06-23 2017-04-04 Apiqe Holdings, Llc Flow compensator
US9878273B2 (en) 2011-06-23 2018-01-30 Apiqe Holdings, Llc Disposable filter cartridge for water dispenser
US9808810B2 (en) * 2013-12-31 2017-11-07 Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction Co., Ltd. Nozzle for dissolved air flotation system
US20150182977A1 (en) * 2013-12-31 2015-07-02 Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction Co., Ltd. Nozzle for dissolved air flotation system
US20160303527A1 (en) * 2015-04-16 2016-10-20 Western Energy Support And Technology, Inc. Fluid Mixing Device
US11202997B2 (en) * 2017-07-20 2021-12-21 Sonny's Hfi Holdings, Llc Dilution device for dispensing fluid
US12485390B2 (en) 2017-07-20 2025-12-02 Sonny's Hfi Holdings, Llc Dilution device for dispensing fluid
PL240420B1 (pl) * 2020-01-08 2022-03-28 Szkola Glowna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego W Warszawie Głowica kawitacyjna
US11633703B2 (en) 2020-04-10 2023-04-25 Sonny's Hfi Holdings, Llc Insert assembly for foaming device
US11896941B2 (en) 2020-04-10 2024-02-13 Sonny's Hfi Holdings, Llc Insert assembly for foaming device
US12186718B2 (en) 2020-04-10 2025-01-07 Sonny's Hfi Holdings, Llc Insert assembly for foaming device
US11925953B2 (en) 2021-03-15 2024-03-12 Sonny's Hfi Holdings, Llc Foam generating device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1354795A (en) 1974-06-05
CH539448A (de) 1973-07-31
DE2046326B2 (de) 1972-10-19
DE2046326A1 (de) 1972-04-06
IT942173B (it) 1973-03-20
FR2108301A5 (OSRAM) 1972-05-19

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