US3736887A - Rotary drum furnace - Google Patents

Rotary drum furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
US3736887A
US3736887A US00141061A US3736887DA US3736887A US 3736887 A US3736887 A US 3736887A US 00141061 A US00141061 A US 00141061A US 3736887D A US3736887D A US 3736887DA US 3736887 A US3736887 A US 3736887A
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United States
Prior art keywords
furnace
annuli
axially
lining
drum
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00141061A
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English (en)
Inventor
W Wiedermann
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19702022126 external-priority patent/DE2022126A1/de
Priority claimed from DE19702038896 external-priority patent/DE2038896A1/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
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Publication of US3736887A publication Critical patent/US3736887A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/02—Casings; Linings; Walls characterised by the shape of the bricks or blocks used
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/20—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having rotating or oscillating drums

Definitions

  • a drum-shaped casing has Spaced axial ends provided [52] U 8 Cl 110/8 R 110/] A 110/14 with inlets and outlets, respectively, and is rotatable 51 IritICL:iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii: ..i ..F2 3g 3/00 about a ioiigiwdihai axis which intersects of [58] Field of Search ..110/8 R, 14, 13, these ends- A iiiiihg the imeiioi of the casing is 110/15, 35, 36, 1 A, 99 R; 263/33 R 46 composed of a plurality of axially arrayed annuli of refractory material each of which has a general plane [56] References Cited inclined to the longitudinal axis of rotation.
  • the present invention relates generally to furnaces, and more particularly to an improved rotary drum furnace which is especially but not exclusivelysuitable for use in combusting refuse, waste and similar matter.
  • the prior art already knows rotary drum furnaces in which the furnace is of drum-shaped configuration and rotated about the longitudinal axis of the drum.
  • the drum itself is composed, essentially, of an outer shell and an inner lining of refractory material.
  • the inner lining is composed of a plurality of constituent components which are connected by tongue and groove connectors.
  • the drum is mounted for rotation about an axis which is not inclined to the horizontal, but instead is strictly horizontally oriented itself.
  • the inner surface of the lining is configurated with one or more convoluted channels which during rotation of the drum advance the material from the inlet and to the outlet end.
  • the lining conventionally is composed of a plurality of axially arrayed annuli of refractory material, and the steps are provided at the junction of consecutive ones of the annuli and extend over the largest part of the circumference of the inner surface of the lining.
  • the steps are absent at one or more relatively small portions of the inner circumference at each juncture of two consecutive annuli, the purpose being to permit the waste to move from the respectively upstream annulus into the next-following downstream annulus at such locations and without hindrance.
  • these steps are defined by vertical edge faces of the respective annuli, that is by edge faces which extend normal or almost normal to the axis of rotation of the drum and which terminate at a sharp radial inward edge.
  • a concomitant object of the invention is to provide such an improved rotary drum furnace in which the material passing through the drum is more efficiently agitated than was known heretofore to prevent it from forming agglomerations and to facilitate its treatment, for instance its combustion.
  • Still a further object of the invention is to provide such an improved rotary drum furnace in which combustion air is more efficiently and intensively agitated than in the prior-art constructions.
  • one feature of the invention recites in a rotary drum furnace, particularly for burning refuse and waste, which comprises a hollow drum-shaped casing having spaced axial ends one of which is provided with an inlet and the other of which is provided with an outlet, and which is rotated about a longitudinal axis intersecting both of these ends.
  • a lining is provided in the interior of the casing and comprises a plurality of axially arrayed annuli of refractory material each of which has a general plane inclined to the longitudinal axis.
  • each of the steps extending circumferentially of the lining over the major portion of the circumference thereof and bounded by at least two circumferentially extending axially consecutive surface portion which are mutually inclined.
  • the reduction in the wear at the steps of the lining is the result of providing the steps in such a manner that they are bounded or defined by at least two mutually inclined surface portions which are axially consecutive and extend circumferentially of the drum or lining.
  • the fact that the surface portions are mutually inclined does not means that they must in themselves be planar, because they can also be curved in axial direction as well as in the circumferential direction.
  • FIG. 1 is a somewhat diagrammatic axial section through an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a section taken on line II-II of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 3 is a fragmentary detail view, in axial section and on an enlarged scale, illustrating a further embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 4 is a fragmentary diagrammatic detail view illustrating an additional embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a view of FIG. 4, as seen in the direction of the arrow V in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a fragmentary detail view illustrating a further embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a view similar to FIG. 6 illustrating another embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 8 is an end-elevational view, in a diagrammatic showing, of an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a section taken on line IX-IX of FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 10 is a section taken on line XX of FIG. 9;
  • FIG. 11 is a view analogous to FIG. 4 but showing still an additional embodiment of the invention.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 it will be seen that the illustrated drum furnace has been shown only to the extent necessary for an understanding of the invention. For instance, no fuel supply or the like, no mounting means for mounting the drum for rotation and no drive means for effecting such rotation have been illustrated because these may all be conventional.
  • the drum of the rotary drum furnace has an outer casing l, for instance of steel.
  • One end of the casing 1 has an inlet for material to be combusted, and the opposite end has an outlet 3 for the residue, such as ashes and the like.
  • the interior of the casing is provided with a lining composed ofa plurality of axially arrayed annuli 4 of refrac' tory material and whose general planes are inclined with reference to the longitudinal axis of rotation of the drum, which is identified with reference numeral 5.
  • FIG. 2 shows that in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 the steps 6 are defined by mutually inclined surface portions 7 and 8 which are axially consecutive and which extend circumferentially of the lining.
  • the configuration of these steps advantageously influences the life expectancy of the annuli 4, because there is now no longer a sharp edge at the radially inner limitation of the respective step 6, due to the provision of the mutually inclined surface portions 7 and 8.
  • this step configuration provides for intensified and therefore advantageous agitation of combustion air which is admitted into the drum.
  • FIG. 2 A consideration of FIG. 2 clearly shows that along the axially extending lines 6a and at the inner circumference of the lining the steps 6 do not exist.
  • the radial height of the steps tapers circumferentially to these lines 60 and 7a, respectively, so that in the region of these lines the material can freely pass longitudinally of the rotating drum towards the outlet end 3 thereof.
  • the radial height of the steps 6 is at its maximum, and it will be seen that the regions A are spaced through from the lines 6a and 7a, respectively.
  • Drums in such rotary drum furnaces may of course be of various different sizes. If the drum is of relatively large diameter, then it is advantageous -especially for reasons of assembly and disass'embly to have the annuli be composed of individual sections.
  • FIG. 3 Such an embodiment is illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • the individual annuli 4, which are only fragmentarily shown, are each composed of three sections 9, 10 and 11 which themselves are axially arrayed and together make up one of the annuli 4.
  • These annuli, as well as the sections 9, l0 and 11 can be connected and maintained in this relationship as illustrated diagrammatically in FIG. 1, by means of axially extending rods or bars or in any other suitable way well known to those skilled in the art and therefore not requiring a discussion because it does not in itself form a part of the present invention.
  • annuli of refractory material may be of any suitable refractory material, including fire brick, suitable metal, graphite, suitable synthetic plastics or any combination of these materials.
  • each step is defined by two mutually inclined surface portions 7 and 8.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 I have illustrated fragmentarily two of the annuli which are here identified with reference numeral 12.
  • the annuli each consist of a carrier portion or support portion 13 and an inner portion 14 which is releasably connected with the carrier portion 13 and faces the interior of the drum furnace, that is the combustion chamber thereof.
  • the combustion chamber is not illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5 but its location with reference to the section 14 will be readily understood.
  • the releasable connection between the sections 13 and 14, which of course are each of annular outline, is effected by a dove-tail connection (compare FIG. 5) so that a sliding connection and disconnection is assured.
  • the material of the section 13 need not be of as high quality as that of the section 14 because it is subjected to lesser stresses; thus, the total cost of each of the annuli 12 can be lower than if the annulus were to be made entirely of the material of the section 14.
  • FIG. 6 which otherwise illustrates the same embodiment as FIGS. 4 and 5, only the surface portion 7 is planar whereas the surface portion 8 is curved not only in circumferential but also in axial direction.
  • FIG. 7 l have illustrated an embodiment in which both surface portions 7 and 8 are curved so that the step 6 is defined and outlined by a continuously curved surface.
  • the embodiment of FIGS. 6 and 7 may be the same as that of FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • the drum of the rotary drum furnace is identified in toto with reference numeral 18 and is provided at one end, that is its inlet end, with an inlet hopper 19 which is diagrammatically illustrated and through which material to be combusted is admitted to the interior of the drum.
  • Combustion air is admitted at the same inlet end through a supply channel 20 at least the inner end portion of which (compare FIG. 9) is so inclined with reference to the axis of rotation 5 of the drum 18 that incoming air (identified by the arrows 22) is agitated and swirled by contact with the inner surface 21 of the lining and/or material which is accommodated on this inner surface, which contact takes place tangentially as indicated.
  • Admitting the air in this manner also creates in effect a pneumatic retardation which increases the dwell time of the material which passes from the inlet toward the outlet end of the drum.
  • the good loosening and distribution of the material being combusted due to the rotation of the drum and to the provision of the projections 17 if such are provided, coupled with the changing direction of air and flames, result in an intensive combustion of the material which makes possible the combustion of all types of waste and refuse which are commonly known.
  • the apparatus according to the present invention can be utilized for combusting oilcontaining wastes such as oil sludges, residues from oil and gasoline separators, residues from fat separators, residues from the cleaning of oil and other tanks, and oil-containing dirt.
  • oilcontaining wastes such as oil sludges, residues from oil and gasoline separators, residues from fat separators, residues from the cleaning of oil and other tanks, and oil-containing dirt.
  • FIG. 11 there is shown an embodiment where the carrier portions 13 are provided with circumferentially extending ribs 30 of dovetail crosssection, and the inner portions 31 are provided with mating circumferentially extending recesses 32 accommodating the respective ribs.
  • Other components are identified with the same reference numerals designating them in FIG. 4.
  • the configuration of the surface portions bounding the steps not only serves to loosen the refuse and waste material and to prevent or counteract its caking and bunching, but also creates strong eddying of the combustion air which contacts several inclined surface portions and is deflected in different directions. A part of the combustion air is deflected back toward the inlet and subsequently reverses its direction under the influ ence of the suction means (conventional and not illustrated) which communicates with the outlet of the drums. This causes a fluctuating air flow and a fluctuating flame motion.
  • the inclined surface portions bounding the steps effect air distribution in circumferential direction, and this in turn aids in intensive aeration of the material which is well spread apart due to the inclination of the general planes of the annuli relative to the axis of rotation. All of this enhances the combustion.
  • the configuration of the steps according to the invention also makes it easier for large objects, such as wire sections, metal pieces and the like, to pass from one annulus into the next.
  • a hollow drumshaped casing having spaced axial ends one of which is provided with an inlet and the other of which is provided with an outlet, and being rotatable about a longitudinal axis intersecting both of said ends; a lining in the interior of said casing and comprising a plurality of axially arrayed annuli of refractory material each having a general plane which is inclined to said longitudinal axis; and a plurality of radially inward steps each defined in the region of the juncture between axially consecutive ones of said annuli, each of said steps extending circumferentially of said lining over the major portion of the circumference thereof and being bounded by at least two circumferentially extending axially consecutive surface portions which are mutually inclined at an obtuse angle and are each provided on one of said axially consecutive annuli.
  • annuli are composed from a refractory material selected from the group including metal, graphite, synthetic plastic, fire clay and combinations thereof.
  • annuli each having an inner circumferential surface; and further comprising inwardly extending projections provided on at least some of said inner circumferential surfaces.
  • annuli each being composed of a radially outer annular portion and a radially inner annular portion located within the confines of the respective outer annular portion and releasably connected with the latter.
  • said dove-tail connection comprising an elongated groove on one and an elongated rib on the other of said annular portions of the respective annulus, and wherein said groove and rib are elongated in direction axially of the respective annulus.
  • said dove-tail connection comprising an elongated groove on one and an elongated rib on the other of said annular portions of the respective annulus, and wherein said groove and rib are elongated in direction transversely of the longitudinal axis of the respective annulus.
  • admitting means for admitting in the region of said one end at least one stream of combustion air in a direction inclined to said longitudinal axis of said casing and tangential to the surface of material admitted into the interior of said lining through said inlet.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
US00141061A 1970-05-06 1971-05-05 Rotary drum furnace Expired - Lifetime US3736887A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19702022126 DE2022126A1 (de) 1963-12-19 1970-05-06 Drehtrommelofen zur Muellverbrennung
DE19702038896 DE2038896A1 (de) 1970-08-05 1970-08-05 Drehtrommelofen zur Muellverbrennung

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US3736887A true US3736887A (en) 1973-06-05

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US00141061A Expired - Lifetime US3736887A (en) 1970-05-06 1971-05-05 Rotary drum furnace

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US (1) US3736887A (cs)
CA (1) CA935331A (cs)
CH (1) CH522174A (cs)
DK (1) DK130694B (cs)
FR (1) FR2092443A5 (cs)
NL (1) NL7103790A (cs)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5908291A (en) * 1998-05-01 1999-06-01 Harper International Corp. Continuous cross-flow rotary kiln
US20040118327A1 (en) * 1999-12-10 2004-06-24 Koichi Kawase Intermittent flow type thermal decomposer
DE102022111801A1 (de) 2022-05-11 2023-11-16 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Empfängervorrichtung für Solarstrahlung mit einem Behälter zum Aufheizen eines Wärmeträgermediums in einem solarthermischen Kraftwerk

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL9301989A (nl) * 1993-11-17 1995-06-16 Gouda Vuurvast Nv Slijtvoering voor een draaioven, alsmede een steen voor een dergelijke slijtvoering, een draaioven met een dergelijke slijtvoering en een verbrandingsinrichting voor chemisch afval met een met een dergelijke slijtvoering uitgeruste draaioven.
DE19650785C2 (de) * 1996-12-06 1998-12-24 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Verfahren zum Verbrennen von Brenngut in einem Drehrohrofen und Drehrohrofen zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1596695A (en) * 1922-11-20 1926-08-17 Stevens Mary Ann Furnace-chamber construction
US1769924A (en) * 1925-01-13 1930-07-08 Fuller Lehigh Co Sectional furnace wall
US2068863A (en) * 1931-08-01 1937-01-26 American Arch Company Inc Sectionally supported wall
US2084713A (en) * 1936-03-07 1937-06-22 Quigley Co Rotary kiln
US2230141A (en) * 1939-10-24 1941-01-28 Gen Refractories Co Rotary kiln lining
US3346248A (en) * 1965-05-19 1967-10-10 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Refractory structure for a rotary kiln
DE1270728B (de) * 1963-12-19 1968-06-20 Wolfgang Wiedermann Drehtrommelofen zur Muellverbrennung
US3404643A (en) * 1966-12-15 1968-10-08 Ankerson Borge Richard Incinerators
US3513788A (en) * 1968-10-08 1970-05-26 Albert Ostrin Rotary incinerator with spinning cup burner

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1596695A (en) * 1922-11-20 1926-08-17 Stevens Mary Ann Furnace-chamber construction
US1769924A (en) * 1925-01-13 1930-07-08 Fuller Lehigh Co Sectional furnace wall
US2068863A (en) * 1931-08-01 1937-01-26 American Arch Company Inc Sectionally supported wall
US2084713A (en) * 1936-03-07 1937-06-22 Quigley Co Rotary kiln
US2230141A (en) * 1939-10-24 1941-01-28 Gen Refractories Co Rotary kiln lining
DE1270728B (de) * 1963-12-19 1968-06-20 Wolfgang Wiedermann Drehtrommelofen zur Muellverbrennung
US3346248A (en) * 1965-05-19 1967-10-10 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Refractory structure for a rotary kiln
US3404643A (en) * 1966-12-15 1968-10-08 Ankerson Borge Richard Incinerators
US3513788A (en) * 1968-10-08 1970-05-26 Albert Ostrin Rotary incinerator with spinning cup burner

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5908291A (en) * 1998-05-01 1999-06-01 Harper International Corp. Continuous cross-flow rotary kiln
US20040118327A1 (en) * 1999-12-10 2004-06-24 Koichi Kawase Intermittent flow type thermal decomposer
US6877444B2 (en) * 1999-12-10 2005-04-12 Art Ceramic Co., Ltd. Intermittent flow type thermal decomposer
DE102022111801A1 (de) 2022-05-11 2023-11-16 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Empfängervorrichtung für Solarstrahlung mit einem Behälter zum Aufheizen eines Wärmeträgermediums in einem solarthermischen Kraftwerk

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2092443A5 (cs) 1972-01-21
DK130694C (cs) 1975-09-01
CH522174A (de) 1972-04-30
DK130694B (da) 1975-03-24
CA935331A (en) 1973-10-16
NL7103790A (cs) 1971-11-09

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