Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
  • D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
  • D04H1/548—Acrylonitrile series
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
  • D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
  • D04H1/551—Resins thereof not provided for in groups D04H1/544 - D04H1/55
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
  • D04H1/552—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving by applying solvents or auxiliary agents
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
  • D06M13/248—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing sulfur

Definitions

• Fibers of textile articles are bonded by applying a blend of a sulfolane and at least one organic diluent, having an evaporation rate of between 0.01 and 3.50 times the evaporation rate of the sulfolane at 100 C. and miscible therewith, to the fibers and heating the article so as to bond the fibers.
• blends of .snlfolane and the latter diluents also has advantages when applied to effect bonding of polyacrylonitrile fibers or chlorofibers. For example, if a batt of the latter fibers is through-bonded with a blend of sulfolane and an organic diluent in accordance with the present invention, a softer, loftier wadding is obtained than by through-bonding a batt of these fibers with sulfolane alone.
• a woven textile article comprising polyacrylonitrile fibers or chlorofibers is surface-bonded with a blend of sulfolane and an organic diluent in accordance with the present invention
• the resulting surface-bonded textile article has betterhandling characteristics than a textile article surface-bonded with sulfolane alone.
• the invention is directed to a process for bonding fibers of textile articles andwith the bonded fiber textile articles resulting therefrom.
• the invention is particularly concerned with bonding the fibers of textile articles wherein said fibers are polyacrylonitrile, modacrylic, cellulose ester fibers or chloro fibers or a mixture thereof.
• the unqualified term fibers as used hereinafter represents at least one of the aforesaid fibers.
• the fibers of the textile article are bonded by applying a blend of sulfolane and at least one organic diluent to the fibers and heating the article so as to bond the fibers.
• This blend acts as a latent solvent for the fibers; that is, as a liquid which is a non-solvent for the fibers at room temperature but which is activated by heat to become a solvent for the fibers.
• the textile articles whose fibers can be bonded in accordance with the present invention may be woven, nonwoven, knitted or tufted textile articles of staple fibers or continuous multior monofilaments.
• the textile articles may be through-bonded or surface-bonded.
• textile articles are through-bonded to improve their strength or surface-bonded to improve their aesthetic ap United States Patent O pearance and to increase theirresistance to pilling.
• Patented May 22, 1973 through-bonded textile article is produced by bonding some or all of the fibers throughout the thickness of the textile article whereas a surface-bonded textile article is produced by bonding some or all of the surface fibers only of the textile article.
• the present invention is specifically concerned with a process for bonding the fibers of a textile article which comprises applying a blend of a sulfolane (as hereinafter defined) and at least one organic diluent to the fibers of said textile article and heating said textile article so as to bond said fibers, the organic diluent being inert to the fibers of the textile article, miscible with said sulfolane, and having an evaporation rate of between 0.01 and 3.50 times the evaporation rate of said sulfolane at 100 C. and the fibers being polyacrylonitrile, modacrylic, cellulose ester fibers or chlorofibers.
• polyacrylonitrile denotes fibers comprising both homopolymers of acrylonitrile and copolymers containing at least by weight of polymerized acrylonitrile units.
• Suitable comonomers may be organic compounds containing at least one ethylenically unsaturated carbon to carbon bond, such as vinyl acetate, vinylidene chloride, vinyl chloride, methyl acrylate, methylmethacrylate, vinyl pyridine or styrene. Fibers comprising copolymers of such unsaturated organic compounds and acrylonitrile containing from 35 to 85 by weight of polymerized acrylonitrile units are referred to in this disclosure as modacrylic fibers.
• polyacrylonitrile fibers which may be used in the process of this invention include the fibers known under the following trademarks or trade designations: Orlon-42, Courtelle, Dralon and Acribel.
• modacrylic fibers are those known under the following trademarks or trade designations: Dynel, Verel, Kanekalon and Teklan.
• Dynel is a fiber comprising a copolymer of vinyl chloride (60%) and acrylonitrile (40%)
• Verel is a fiber comprising a copolymer of vinylidene chloride (40%) and acrylonitrile (60%)
• Teklan is a fiber comprising a copolymer of vinylidene chloride (50%) and acrylonitrile (50%)
• Kanekalon is a fiber comprising a copolytrier of vinyl chloride and acrylonitrile. (The percentages given in parentheses are approximate values only.)
• Cellulose ester fibers are cellulose derivatives comprising aliphatic carboxylic acid moieties, such as cellulose diacetate, cellulose acetobutyrate. Examples of suitable cellulose ester fibers are commercially available under the registered trademarks Dicel and Tricel.
• the chlorofibers are fibers comprising homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride. Suitable comonomers are those listed above as comonomers for polyacrylonitrile or modified polyacrylonitrile copolymers, it being understood that acrylonitrile is excluded as a suitable comonomer to produce chlorofibers.
• An example of a commercially available chlorofiber is Fibravyl (trademark). Fibravyl is a fiber comprising principally polymerized vinyl chloride.
• the fibers of the textile articles may comprise a blend of one or more of the above-mentioned fibers with one or more different synthetic fibers or natural fibers.
• the fibers of a blend of polyacrylonitrile fibers and wool or polypropylene fibers may be bonded according to the present process.
• the textile article should comprise at least 25% by weight of fibers of the textile article, of polyacrylonitrile, modacrylic, cellulose ester fibers or chlorofibers or a mixture thereof.
• sulfolane includes sulfolane itself and substituted sulfolanes with up to 8, preferably not more than 4 carbon atoms.
• substituted sulfolanes are 2-methyl sulfolane, 3-bntyl sulfolane, 3-isopropyl sulfolane, 3-n-hexyl sulfolane, 2-methyl-4-butyl sulfolane and 3-cyclohexyl sulfolane.
• Blends comprising unsubstituted sulfolane tetramethylene sulfone are preferred.
• the organic diluent should have an evaporation rate of between 0.01 and 3.5 times the evaporation rate of tetramethylene sulfone at 100 C.
• the organic diluent present in the blend should have an evaporation rate of between and 3.5 times the evaporation rate at 100 C. of the particular sulfolane present in the same blend.
• the organic diluents used in the process of this invention are diluents which are inert to the fibers and are miscible with sulfolane.
• inertness is meant herein that the diluent should not be a normal solvent for the fiber, nor should it be capable of modifying the desirable physical characteristics of the fiber to a major extent. It may display some latent solvency charac teristics provided these are less than those of sulfolane.
• the inert diluents may be capable of acting as plasticizers for the fibers, provided this plasticizing effect of the diluents on the fibers is not too strong i.e., does not unduly modify the desirable properties of the fibers and the bonded textile articles.
• the evaporation rate of the organic diluent in the blend to be applied to the fibers of the textile article according to the invention should be between 0.01 and 3.5, preferably between 0.1 and 3.0, times the evaporation rate as of sulfolane at 100 C. It has been found that if the evaporation rate of the organic diluent is more than 3.5 times the evaporation rate of sulfolane at 100 C., the diluent may evaporate first from the blend on the fibers of the textile article completely during heating, leaving a large amount of undiluted sulfolane on the fibers of the textile article which may attack the fibers and thereby produce a plasticized mass or even a solution of the fibers.
• inert diluents which have an evaporation rate greater than 0.1 times the evaporation rate of the sulfolane at 100 C.
• Examples of typical inert diluents which are suitable to form blends with sulfolane are given in Table I below which also includes their evaporation rates, expressed both in rug/min. at 100 C. and as a multiple of the evaporation rate of sulfolane at 100 C. The evaporation rates were measured with a Netzch 409 Automatic Thermobalance.
• the evaporation rate of unsubstituted sulfolane measured on the same model of the thermobalance is 0.48 mg./min. at 100 C.
• the maximum and minimum evaporation rates of the organic diluent in the blend are 1.68 and 0.0048 mg./min. at 100 C. respectively measured on this particular model.
• a particularly preferred diluent for sulfolane is diethylene glycol which has an evaporation rate at 100 C. approximately the same as sulfolane.
• the blends to be applied to the fibers of the textile articles may contain components other than sulfolane and an inert organic diluent.
• the blends may contain water normally in amounts not exceeding 98% by weight, based on the Weight of the blend.
• the blends may also contain antistats such as cyclohexylamine ethoxylate, corrosion inhibitors such as sodium benzoate and flameproofing agents. Suitable amounts of antistats, corrosion inhibitors and flameproofing agents to be added to the blend are from 1 to 10% by weight, based on the weight of the blend.
• the weight ratio of the organic diluent to sulfolane in the blend to be applied to the fibers of the textile article is to some extent dependent on the nature of the fibers. In general, it can be stated that suitable ratios will be found in between 95:5 and 5:95.
• Preferred ratios of organic diluent to sulfolane to be used for bonding polyacrylonitrile fibers are from 40:60 to 10:90.
• Preferred ratios for modacrylics are from 10 to 20:80.
• Preferred ratios for cellulose diacetate fibers are from 90:10 to 70:30.
• Preferred ratios for cellulose triacetate fibers are from 45:55 to 5:95.
• Preferred ratios for chlorofibers are from 70:30 to 5:95.
• the instant process may be used to bond the fibers of woven, non-woven, knitted or tufted textile articles.
• non-Woven textile articles are yarns, slivers, laps, fleeces, tows, batts, and felts.
• a process for through-bonding the fibers of a non-woven textile article comprises applying a blend of a sulfolane and an organic diluent to some or all of the fibers throughout the thickness of the non-woven textile article either before or after the fibers have been made up into the textile article and heating the textile article so as to bond the fibers, wherein the fibers and the organic diluent are as hereinbefore defined.
• This embodiment of the invention is suitable for through-bonding a batt of fibers to produce a wadding and is particularly suitable for through-bonding a batt of modacrylic or cellulose ester fibers.
• Batts of fibers are prepared in a conventional wadding plant by the process described hereinbelow. After a bale of staple textile fibers is opened in a wadding plant, the fibers are converted to webs of fibers either by carding the staple fibers, for example, by using the normal cotton or woolen card or a Garnett card, or by air-laying the staple fibers. In the latter process, the fibers are conveyed by a vary high speed air stream to a condenser where a web of fibers is formed which is then discharged for subsequent processing. Batts of fibers are then formed by crosslaying the webs of fibers.
• the bonding blend may be applied to the fibers either before or after they have been made up into a batt of fibers.
• the bonding blend may be sprayed, dripped or padded onto the fibers before carding or after web formation or after batt formation. If the bonding blend is applied to the fibers before batt formation, then it will be substantially evenly distributed throughout the interior fibers of the batt formed therefrom. However, if the bonding blend is applied to the batt of fibers then it may be necessary to force the blend through the batt to ensure that at least some of the fibers throughout the thickness of the batt are treated by the blend.
• the bonding blend may be applied to the back and/or the front of the batt of fibers and forced through the batt of fibers by means of a stream of compressed air.
• the batt whose internal fibers have been treated with the bonding blend, is then heated to activate the sulfolane in the blend so as to through-bond the batt of fibers and thereby produce a wadding.
• the batt of fibers may be heated in an oven by passing a hot gas, e.g., air, through the batt.-
• a hot gas e.g., air
• the temperature at which the batt is heated to activate the sulfolane depends on the type of fiber and is discussed hereinbelow in greater detail.
• the fibers of the batt which are in contact with each other will be bonded together at their contact points. Clearly, the amount of bonding will depend on the amount of blend applied to the fibers.
• a small amount of bonding blend will produce a weak through-bonded wadding whereas a large amount will produce a strong through-bonded wadding.
• some of the surface fibers of the batt may also be bonded.
• a suitable amount of sulfolane in the blend may be found between 0.5 and 35% by weight, based on the weight of the fibers of the textile article, amounts between and 25% by weight being preferred.
• a process for surface-bonding atextile article comprises applying a blend of sulfolane and an organic diluent to the surface fibers only of a textile article and heating the textile article so as to bond the surface fibers only, wherein the fibers and the organic diluent are as hereinbefore defined.
• the surface fibers of textile articles comprising polyacrylonitrile fibers or chlorofibers are advantageously bonded by the above embodiment of the invention.
• the textile articles comprising these fibers which are surfacebonded' in accordance with this specific embodiment have a better combination of handling characteristics and abrasion resistance than textile articles comprising the above-mentioned fibers surface-bonded by using undiluted sulfolane as the surface-bonding agent.
• Suitable textile articles which may be surface-bonded are woven articles, such as blankets, and knitted or tufted articles.
• Non-woven textile articles, such as through-bonded waddings may also be surface-bonded. Surface-bonding textile articles improves the aesthetic appearance of the article and reduces pilling.
• the amount of the sulfolane in the blend used to surface-bond textile articles may be between 0.5 and 35% by weight, based on the weight of the fibers of the textile articles preferably between 0.5 and by weight.
• the heating of the fibers of the textile article to effect through-bonding or surface-bonding by activating srulfolane is usually done at temperatures above 60 C. for a period of from 0.5 to minutes, it being understood that the temperature should remain below the temperatures at which the fibers begin to lose their useful properties.
• Preferred bonding temperatures for polyacrylonitrile fibers are from 100m 160? C.
• preferred temperatures for'bon'ding modacrylic fibers are from 85 to 120 C.
• the preferred heating temperatures are from 75 to 95 C., from 115 to 135 C. and from 60 to 80 C., respectively.
• Example I A 6 inch x 6 inch x 0.5 inch batt of hand carded Tekl'an 9 denier fibers was placed in a wooden frame with a removable wire mesh at the back and the front.
• Teklan is a fiber comprising a copolymer of acrylonitrile (approximately 50%) and vinylidene chloride (approximately 50%); it has a specify gravity of approximately 1.36, softens between 80 and 115 C. and has a dry tenacity of from 3.0 to 3.5 gram/denier.
• the batt was sprayed with 20%by weight, based on the weight of the fibers of a fine mist of a blend comprising parts by weight of diethylene glycol (DEG) and 40 parts by weight of sulfolane. (The blend comprised 8% wt. by weight of sulfolane, based on the weight of the fibers).
• An air blast was used to force the applied blend homogeneously through the batt of fibers, and thereafter the batt was heated at 90 C. for 10 minutes by passing hot air through the batt in an oven.
• the resulting bonding effect was investigated by feel, visual appearance and microscopic investigation and it was shown that the bonding of the fibers in the wadding was quite satisfactory.
• Example II Batts of 5 denier Verel, 4 denier Kanekalon and 3 denier Dynel fibers were through-bonded with a blend of 60 parts by weight of diethylene glycol and 40 parts by weight of sulfolane in the manner described in Example I.
• Verel is a fiber comprising a copolymer of vinylidene chloride (approximately 40%) and acrylonitrile (approximately 60% It has a specific gravity of 1.37 and has a dry tenacity of from 2.0 and 2.5 gram/denier.
• Kanekalon is a fiber comprising a copolymer of acrylonitrile and vinyl chloride.
• Dynel is a fiber comprising a copolymer of vinyl chloride (approximately 60%) and acrylonitrile (approximately 40%). It has a specific gravity of 1.30, softens at approximately 126 C. and has a dry tenacity between 2.0 and 3.5 gram/ denier.
• Example III Using the same procedure as described in Example I, batts of 8 denier ,Dicel and 6 denier Tricel were through-bonded using blends of parts of diethylene glycol and 20 parts of sulfolane, and 25 parts of diethylene. glycol and 75 parts of sulfolane respectively.
• the batt of Dicel fibers was heated at temperature of C. so as to bond the fibers and the batt of Tricel fibers was heated at from to C. so as to bond the fibers. Again good bonding was obtained in each case.
• Dicel is a cellulose dicacetate fiber having a specific gravity of 1.32, a melting point of 230 C. and a dry tenacity of 1.4 gram/denier.
• Tricel is a cellulose triacetate fiber having a specific gravity of 1.32, a melting point of from 290 to 300 C; and a dry tenacity of 1.2 gram/denier.
• Example IV For the purpose of comparison, the experiment described in Example I was repeated using blends of 60 parts of the diluents listed in Table II and 40 parts of sulfolane.
• the batts of fibers tested were 9 denier Teklan fibers and all the other conditions described were left unchanged.
• the waddings produced by throughbonding the batts of fibers by heating them at 90 C. for 10 minutes were not acceptable since they displayed low left, high shrinkage and some signs of fiber attack. A similar unacceptable bonding was also obtained when using undiluted sulfolane as the bonding liquid.
• Table II also lists the evaporation rates of the unsuitable diluents expressed both in rug/min. at 100 C. and as a multiple of the evaporation rate of sulfolane (0.48 mg./min.) at 100 C.
• Example V A blend of parts by weight of diethylene glycol and 40 parts by weight of tetramethylene sulfone was sprayed onto the loose surface fibers of a weak through-bonded Teklan wadding.
• the amount of blend applied to the surface fibers was 2% by weight, based on the weight of the fibers (0.8% wt. of sulfolane, based on weight of fiber).
• the Wadding was heated in an oven at C. between thin metal plates. The resultant wadding had virtually no loose surface fibers.
• Example VI Various bonding blends diluted with water were padded onto samples of red raised pile, Arachne stitch-bonded Courtelle textile articles.
• the samples were heated in a drying box at C. so as to bond the surface fibers of textile articles.
• the composition and amount of the blends applied are given in Table III.
• Courtelle is a polyacrylonitrile fiber. It has a specific gravity of 1.17, softens at C. and has a dry tenacity of from 3.0 to 3.6 gram/ denier.
• the degree of surface-bonding was estimated by the Taber wear test (ASTM Dl-64T) which determines the amount of removable fibers on the surface of the textile articles.
• the results are given in Table III. It can be seen that the surface-bonded samples lost less fibers than the control (Sample 1), i.e., the surface-bonded samples had a greater resistance to pilling.
• the feel of the samples (handle) was estimated as being very soft, firm, stifi or very stiff.
• the results are also given in Table III. It can be seen that the samples surface-bonded with a blend according tothe invention have better feel than the samples bonded with sulfolane alone.
• Example VII Woven Courtelle blankets were surface-bonded in a similar manner as that described in Example VI.
• the composition and amount of the blends applied to the blankets are given in Table IV.
• the feel (handle) of the surfacebonded blankets was estimated and the results are also given in Table IV. Again it can be seen that blankets surface-bonded with a blend of sulfolane and diethylene glycol have a better feel than blankets surface-bonded with sulfolane alone.
• a process for bonding fibers of a textile article by treating said fibers with a blend of sulfolane and an organic compound and heating to eifect bonding, said fibers being selected from the group consisting of polyacrylonitrile, modacrylic, cellulose ester fibers and chlorofibers, the improvement which comprises a blend of from to 95 parts by weight of sulfolane and from 95 to 5 parts by weight of at least one organic diluent, said diluent being inert to the fibers of the textile article, miscible with sulfolane and having an evaporation rate of between 0.01 and 3.50 times the evaporation rate of said sulfolane at 100 C.
• a process as in claim 1 wherein the fibers are polyacrylonitrile fibers, the weight ratio of the organic diluent to said sulfolane is between 40: 60 and :90 and the textile article is heated at a temperature of from 100 to 160 C. for a time sufiicient to bond the polyacrylonitrile fibers.
• a process as in claim 1 wherein the amount of said sulfolane in the blend is from 0.5 to 35% by weight, based on the Weight of the fibers of the textile article.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=10368927

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (9)

Cited By (1)

Family Cites Families (3)

• 1969
  • 1969-07-09 GB GB3470469A patent/GB1252191A/en not_active Expired
• 1970
  • 1970-06-30 BE BE752694D patent/BE752694A/nl not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1970-07-07 CA CA087,550A patent/CA941696A/en not_active Expired
  • 1970-07-07 ZA ZA704670A patent/ZA704670B/xx unknown
  • 1970-07-07 ES ES381538A patent/ES381538A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1970-07-07 FR FR707025159A patent/FR2051620B1/fr not_active Expired
  • 1970-07-07 US US00053021A patent/US3734799A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1970-07-07 DE DE2033664A patent/DE2033664C3/de not_active Expired
  • 1970-07-07 NL NL7009991.A patent/NL166289C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation

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