US3729297A - Apparatus for continuously decomposing hydrocarbon in a heating medium bath - Google Patents

Apparatus for continuously decomposing hydrocarbon in a heating medium bath Download PDF

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Publication number
US3729297A
US3729297A US00092662A US3729297DA US3729297A US 3729297 A US3729297 A US 3729297A US 00092662 A US00092662 A US 00092662A US 3729297D A US3729297D A US 3729297DA US 3729297 A US3729297 A US 3729297A
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United States
Prior art keywords
chamber
heating
decomposition
gas
hydrocarbon
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00092662A
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English (en)
Inventor
N Hara
F Yoshida
K Akamatsu
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Mitsui Petrochemical Industries Ltd
Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co Ltd
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Mitsui Petrochemical Industries Ltd
Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
    • C10B49/14—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot liquids, e.g. molten metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
    • C10G2400/20—C2-C4 olefins

Definitions

  • the liquid medium of the bath is heated in the heating chamber by blowing combustion gas into the bath.
  • the cooled gas is separated at the top of the heating chamber and the heated medium is caused to overflow and is directed to the bottom of the decomposition chambet.
  • the hydrocarbon is introduced into the liquid in the decomposition chamber and is discharged at the top of the chamber and the liquid medium is caused to overflow into a passageway opening into the bottom of the heating chamber so that the liquid heating medium is caused to circulate continuously from the heating chamber through the decomposition chamber and back to the heating chamber without permitting co-mingling of the combustion gases used for heating the medium and the hydrocarbon which is decomposed in the decomposition chamber.
  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for decomposing hydrocarbon, and more particularly to a method in which molten metal or a fused salt is employed as a heating medium and hydrocarbon such as propane, naphtha, crude petroleum, etc. is continuously introduced into the heating medium and the hydrocarbon is decomposed to obtain olefines of low molecular weight such as acetylene, ethylene, propylene, etc.
  • hydrocarbon such as propane, naphtha, crude petroleum, etc.
  • Such a method and an apparatus for decomposition have been known, and, in accordance with the method, it is not necessary to construct a heating surface with a high quality material of good anti-corrosiveness, because of hydrocarbon being directly heated without any trouble such as corrosion.
  • the apparatus can be made compact owing to the great amount of heat transfer per unit volume.
  • the present inevntion is directed to solve such problems.
  • the method according to the present invention uses a gas lift elfect produced by blowing a hydrocarbon gas as a starting material into a decomposition chamber and a gas lift effect produced by blowing a combustion gas into a heating chamber of a heating medium, so that the heating medium is continuously circulated to decompose hydrocarbon or to effect a chemical reaction of hydrocarbon.
  • the apparatus according to the present invention is characterized in that heating chamber and a decomposition chamber are provided in separation by a partition wall of a heat resisting material so as not to mix a'combustion gas and a decomposition gas, and these chambers are respectively divided into a gas blow portion and an overflow portion, the overflow portion of the heating 3,729,297 Patented Apr. 24, 1973 chamber and the raw gas blow portion of the decomposition chamber are connected through a connecting passage provided at the bottom part thereof, and the overflow portion of the decomposition chamber and the combustion gas blow portion of the heating chamber are also connected through a same passage as said passage.
  • the depth of the heating medium stocked and circulated in a bath can be designed as desired and by the temperature may be selected corresponding to the kind of raw hydrocarbon to be decomposed.
  • the hydrocarbon material is previously heated and blowed in a gaseous condition into the molten metal of the decomposition chamber.
  • the raw gas comes vehemently into contact with the hot molten metal and quickly heated to be decomposed.
  • the flow out velocity of the blown gas or the decomposed gas from the decomposition chamber must be decided in such a value that the heating medium is not entrained on the gas but the decomposed gas does not stay in the decomposition chamber for so long a time as to bring a chemical reaction.
  • the heating medium includes foams of the decomposed gas so that the gravity of the heating medium is decreased and the liquid level is raised, which is termed gas lift eflect.
  • the heating medium is separated from the decomposed hydrocarbon gas on its liquid surface and flown over the partition wall.
  • the overflown heating medium falls down in the overflow portion and enters the lower part of the heating chamber through the connecting passage at the bottom part.
  • the calories, taken away in the decomposition chamber are replenished by a hot combustion gas in the heating chamber. In this case it is desirable that the combustion gas contains a small amount of air lest the heating medium is oxidized.
  • the gas lift effect produced in the heating chamber by blowing of the combustion gas makes the heating medium overflow from the heating portion to the overflow portion in the same manner as described as to the decomposition chamber.
  • the heating medium is then flowed into the decomposition chamber through the passage of the bottom portion.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical section view, showing an embodiment of an apparatus for decomposing hydrocarbon according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1 of which top portion is removed;
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view showing another embodiment, in which decomposition chambers are provided on both sides of a heating chamber;
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the right side of the same, taken along A-A of FIG. 3 and the left side, taken along B-B of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a plan view showing further embodiment in which the apparatus is constructed in a circular shape.
  • FIG. 6 is an elevational view showing the right side of the same, taken along E-E of FIG. 5, and the left side, taken along DD of FIG. 5.
  • the apparatus comprises the main body C for a bath, consisting of a shell 1 of steel plates reinforced by shape steel, a lining layer 2 of heat insulating bricks, and inner heat insulating bricks 3.
  • a downardly extended partition wall 4 is provided at the center of the main body C to divide the chamber of the body into a decomposition chamber 14 and a heating chamber 15.
  • Connecting passages 12 and 13 are also arranged between the lower end of the partition wall 4 and the botom part 11 of the main body C.
  • An upwardly extending partition wall, namely, an overflow weir 5 is provided in the decomposition chamber 14 to divide the decomposition chamber 14 into a gas blowing portion 16 and an overflow portion 17.
  • a similar partition wall, namely an overflow weir 6 is also provided in the heating chamber 15 to partition a combustion gas blowing portion 18 and an overflow portion 19.
  • the overflow portion 17 and 19 are alternately arranged as shown in FIG. 2, and the overflow portion is connected with the blowing portion 18 through a connecting passage 12 at the lower part of the overflow portion 19.
  • the overflow portion 19 is connected with the blowing portion 16 through a connecting passage 13 at the lower part of the overflow portion 17.
  • the portion 16, into which gas is blowed to be decomposed is provided with a suitable number of gas blowing pipes 7, and the portion 18, into which a combustion gas is blowed, is similarly provided with a suitable number of gas blowing pipes 9.
  • outlet pipes 8 for a decomposed gas are installed in the upper part of the decomposition chamber 14, and outlet pipes 10 for a combustion gas, also in the upper part of the heating chamber 15.
  • a combustion gas is blown into the combustion gas pipes 9 and a hydrocarbon gas to be decomposed is blown into the decomposition gas pipes 7.
  • the gas flows out with comparative uniformity from tiny holes of the pipe 7.
  • the hydrocarbon gas blown into a heating medium for example, molten metal, preferably molten lead, is heated by the molten metal to be decomposed.
  • the molten metal in the blowing portion 16 flows upwards by the foams from the decomposition gas pipe 7, and the liquid level L1 becomes above the top of the overflow weir 5.
  • the molten metal flows into the overflow portion 17.
  • the decomposed gas is taken out from the outlet pipe 8. At that time, the decomposed gas is separated from the splashes of the molten metal in the space of the upper part of the decomposition chamber 14, so that the molten metal does not get away from the outlet pipe 8.
  • the molten metal in the overflow portion 17 flows through the connecting passage 12 of the lower portion into the portion 18.
  • Combustion gas is blowed into the portion 18 through the combustion gas pipe 9, thus the molten metal is heated by the combustion gas.
  • the molten metal in the combustion gas blowing portion 18 overflows to the overflow portion 19, since the liquid surface L2 being raised up in the same maner as shown in the decomposition chamber.
  • the combustion gas is exhausted from the outlet pipe 10.
  • the molten metal of the overflow portion 19 flows into the gas blowing portion 16 through the other connecting passage 13 provided adjacent to the connecting passage 12.
  • the above mentioned movement is again repeated. That is, the molten metal is circulated in a line of 16 17 12 18 19 13 16, and during the circulation, performs the operation for decomposition of gas.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 The apparatus shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is provided with decomposition chambers 14 arranged on both sides of a heating chamber 15, and which is substantially the same as that, shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Accordingly, the corresponding parts are indicated with the same reference numbers.
  • the molten metal is circulated in the same manner as described in the above embodiment.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 shows an example of such a construction that decomposition chambers 14 are circularly arranged around a heating chamber 15, and is substantially the same to the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2. Accordingly, the corresponding parts are shown with the same reference numbers.
  • an overflow portion 19 is provided around a circular portion 18 into which combustion gas is blowed.
  • An overflow portion .17 and a portion, into which gas is blowed to be decomposed, are constructed in the decomposition 4 chamber 14 around the overflow portion 19.
  • combustion gas blowing pipes 7 are arranged as being separated as the angle of and the connecting passages 12 and 13 are respectively placed at four points in order to make a molten metal circulate desirably and properly in the above-mentioned manner.
  • the number and the arrangement of these elements can be selected as desired.
  • the circulation of the heating medium can be quite desirably and properly performed, and the collection of the decomposed hydrocarbon gas can also be effectively performed.
  • an apparatus for continuously decomposing hydrocarbon material which comprises at least one decomposition chamber to be partially filled with a liquid heat transfer medium and having an inlet means for hydrocarbon material and an outlet means for hydrocarbon decomposition products, and in which said inlet and outlet means are respectively disposed above and below the level of heat transfer medium to be contained in the decomposition chamber; and at least one heating chamber to be partially filled with a liquid heat transfer medium and having an inlet means for fuel to be burned therein and outlet means for the combustion products of said fuel, and in which said inlet and outlet means are respectively above and below the level of heat transfer medium to be contained in said heating chamber; the improvement which comprises: said decomposition and heating chambers each being provided with an overflow means adjacent the level of the heat transfer medium to be contained therein, the overflow means of each chamber being in communication with the other chamber below the level of heat transfer medium to be contained therein; whereby when the apparatus contains said heat transfer medium, introduction and decomposition of the hydro carbon material in the decomposition chamber expands the volume of said heat transfer medium therein
  • said overflow means is a partition dividing each of said chambers into a gas flow compartment and a separate overflow compartment from which heat transfer medium flows to the other chamber.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
US00092662A 1969-11-29 1970-11-25 Apparatus for continuously decomposing hydrocarbon in a heating medium bath Expired - Lifetime US3729297A (en)

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JP9547169 1969-11-29

Publications (1)

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US3729297A true US3729297A (en) 1973-04-24

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Country Status (4)

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US (1) US3729297A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2058553C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2068724B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1292177A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1985000618A1 (en) * 1983-07-27 1985-02-14 Hladun Kenneth W Apparatus for the pyrolysis of hydrocarbon containing materials
US5435814A (en) * 1992-08-13 1995-07-25 Ashland Inc. Molten metal decomposition apparatus
US20140356256A1 (en) * 2011-12-21 2014-12-04 Korea Institute Of Industrial Technology Pyrolysis apparatus using liquid metal
US20150151274A1 (en) * 2011-12-20 2015-06-04 Korea Institute Of Industrial Technology Apparatus for pyrolysis using molten metal

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5543558A (en) * 1993-12-23 1996-08-06 Molten Metal Technology, Inc. Method for producing unsaturated organics from organic-containing feeds
US6258988B1 (en) 1993-12-23 2001-07-10 Quantum Catalytics, L.L.C. Method for reforming organics into shorter-chain unsaturated organic compounds
US5640707A (en) * 1993-12-23 1997-06-17 Molten Metal Technology, Inc. Method of organic homologation employing organic-containing feeds
RU2124039C1 (ru) * 1998-02-27 1998-12-27 Товарищество с ограниченной ответственностью "Научно-производственная фирма "Пальна" Способ получения низших олефинов, реактор для пиролиза углеводородов и аппарат для закалки газов пиролиза
WO2025120387A1 (en) * 2023-12-05 2025-06-12 Trans Ionics Corporation Process and system to convert mixed plastic waste using a molten salt composition

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3026301A (en) * 1958-04-09 1962-03-20 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Stabilized polypyrrolidone
NL267291A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1959-05-14 1900-01-01

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1985000618A1 (en) * 1983-07-27 1985-02-14 Hladun Kenneth W Apparatus for the pyrolysis of hydrocarbon containing materials
AU570063B2 (en) * 1983-07-27 1988-03-03 Hladun, K.W. Hc pyrolysis
US4743341A (en) * 1983-07-27 1988-05-10 Harry S. Allen Apparatus for the pyrolysis of hydrocarbon containing materials
US5435814A (en) * 1992-08-13 1995-07-25 Ashland Inc. Molten metal decomposition apparatus
US20150151274A1 (en) * 2011-12-20 2015-06-04 Korea Institute Of Industrial Technology Apparatus for pyrolysis using molten metal
US9446376B2 (en) * 2011-12-20 2016-09-20 Korea Institute Of Industrial Technology Apparatus for pyrolysis using molten metal
US20140356256A1 (en) * 2011-12-21 2014-12-04 Korea Institute Of Industrial Technology Pyrolysis apparatus using liquid metal
US9156017B2 (en) * 2011-12-21 2015-10-13 Korea Institute Of Industrial Technology Pyrolysis apparatus using liquid metal

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2068724A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-08-27
GB1292177A (en) 1972-10-11
DE2058553B2 (de) 1974-02-21
DE2058553A1 (de) 1971-09-23
DE2058553C3 (de) 1974-09-19
FR2068724B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-03-01

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