US3729221A - Collision actuated bumper - Google Patents

Collision actuated bumper Download PDF

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Publication number
US3729221A
US3729221A US00796395A US3729221DA US3729221A US 3729221 A US3729221 A US 3729221A US 00796395 A US00796395 A US 00796395A US 3729221D A US3729221D A US 3729221DA US 3729221 A US3729221 A US 3729221A
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United States
Prior art keywords
bumper bar
vehicle
cylinder means
cylinder
pressure system
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00796395A
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English (en)
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H Granig
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Individual
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
    • B60R19/24—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles
    • B60R19/38—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles adjustably or movably mounted, e.g. horizontally displaceable for securing a space between parked vehicles
    • B60R19/40—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles adjustably or movably mounted, e.g. horizontally displaceable for securing a space between parked vehicles in the direction of an obstacle before a collision, or extending during driving of the vehicle, i.e. to increase the energy absorption capacity of the bumper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/34—Protecting non-occupants of a vehicle, e.g. pedestrians

Definitions

  • Piston-cylinder means are connected to a bumper bar and are connected to gas-supplying means for supplying compressed gas to said piston-cylinder means.
  • the piston-cylinder means are adapted to respond to an expansion said supply of gas. Venting means are provided for venting said piston-cylinder means.
  • the time which is available for the deceleration or acceleration must be prolonged.
  • this distance is increased in that a bumper bar is secured to a piston-cylinder unit, which is connected to a pressure generator, in which pressure is generated by an expanding gas, which has been produced, e.g., by ignitable cartridges.
  • a pressure generator in which pressure is generated by an expanding gas, which has been produced, e.g., by ignitable cartridges.
  • one or more cartridges are preferably ignited in dependence on speed and the resulting expanding gas produces the pressure which is required for the desired deceleration, which should be as constant as possible.
  • the gas flowing out of a valve must perform the work which corresponds to the kinetic energy that is consumed.
  • This system may be initiated, e. g., by the actuation of a push button by the driver of the vehicle, or in response to the braking pressure exceeding a predetermined value.
  • one embodiment of the invention comprises, for the protection of pedestrians, a catching net, which is preferably connected to the bumper bar and is adapted to be extended under gas pressure relative to the bumper bar and adapted to be rearwardly extended by tension or pressure relative to the bumper bar in dependence on the speed of the vehicle.
  • a catching net which is preferably connected to the bumper bar and is adapted to be extended under gas pressure relative to the bumper bar and adapted to be rearwardly extended by tension or pressure relative to the bumper bar in dependence on the speed of the vehicle.
  • FIG. I is a perspective view showing the general structure of the protective device.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 respectively, are a side elevation and a top plan view, in both cases partly in section, and show a detail intended to retract the protective device in dependence on speed.
  • FIG. 4 is a side elevation showing a detail of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 5 shows a device for producing the gas pressure required to extend the protective device.
  • FIG. 6 is a side elevation showing a device for extending a catching net for the protection of pedestrians.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8, respectively, are side and rear elevations showing as a detail the mounting of a bumper bar.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 are a side elevation and a top plan view showing as a detail the means for controlling the protective device in dependence on velocity and number of revolutions per minute.
  • FIG. 11 shows as a detail a means for controlling a throttle so as to prevent a reduction of the speed of the engine of the vehicle.
  • FIGS. 12 to 17 show details for returning the pedestrian-protecting means in response to pressure.
  • That part of the telescopic assembly 1 which is firmly connected to the vehicle may also be used as a carrying element for the mounting for the engine and for the suspension of the wheels.
  • the gap between the adjacent tubes forms an air cushion, which is compressed as the tubes are ex-- tended. In this way, a hard impact at the end of the extending movement is prevented. A rebound is prevented by the escape of that compressed air through the sliding fit clearances or through openings provided for this purpose.
  • the distance between the bumper bar 2 and the body of the vehicle will be decreased. In the embodiment shown by way of example in FIGS. 2-5, this return movement is utilized to ignite a number of cartridges 54 in the cartridge container 20. The number of cartridges which will thus be ignited will be dependent on velocity.
  • the ignition may be initiated by an element which is mounted on the impact side of the bumper bar and which may consist of a release number 20 such as an electric contact, a loop member or the like operatively connected to ignite the cartridges.
  • a cable 16 which is secured to a cross-tie I5 is wound up on a drum 22, which is rotated by a spiral spring 39.
  • a finger 26 slides from a groove 24, which is formed in the inside surface of the drum, through an oblique transfer groove 25 into a groove 24'.
  • the direction of the transfer groove 25 is such that the finger 26 can slide from its initial position in' the groove 24 into the transfer groove 25 only when the cable 16 is being wound up. This sliding movement of the finger into the groove 24 is assisted by a tension-compression spring, which is in its neutral position when the finger is between the two parallel grooves 24 and 24".
  • the telescopic assembly 1 is supplied with the pressure which is required to impart to the vehicle the desired deceleration in case of an impact.
  • the cross-section which is opened by the valve 103 may be preferably variable and dependent on speed.
  • the crosssection of the valve is varied in that the length of the actuator 40 actuating the valve is constantly decreased or increased under the control of the tachometer.
  • a shaft 104 is moved by the tachometer and by means of a gear on the shaft 104 and gear teeth on roll 105 rotates the latter so that the latter is reciprocated because the stationary part of the actuator 40 engages a helical groove 106 in the roll 105.
  • An end plate 107 which is connected to the roll 105 is thus moved relative to a guide 108, which is secured to the slide plate 103 of the valve.
  • the lost motion of the actuator 40 is increased or decreased and the free area of the valve is controlled in dependence on velocity.
  • the opening of that valve 103 depends on the gas flow rate which must be reached to provide for the desired variation of pressure with time.
  • the bumper bar 2 can preferably be moved into an oblique position on the telescopic assembly 1, e.g., by means of laterally movable bolts 71 (FIGS. 7 and 8), which are rotatable in sleeves 67 having a central opening 67a and slidable in a lateral guide 2a formed in the bumper bar 2, carrying rubber buffers 68 and 70 and are biased by a spring 69.
  • the bumper bar 2 has passage slots for the telescopic assembly.
  • an oblique plane is presented in most cases, e.g., in the case of an impact on a tree and tends to move the vehicle laterally so that the kinetic energy need not be entirely consumed at that obstable.
  • This process is favored by a tube 18, which connects, e.g., two telescopic assemblies 1 so that pressure can be applied to one assembly 1 more easily than to both assemblies 1 at the same time.
  • the bumper bar will suitably be designed so that it will not be deformed by a deceleration below a predetermined value.
  • the residual pressure'in the telescopic assembly 1 will cause the bumper bar 2 to be fully extended.
  • the cable 16 will be pulled from the drum 22 and the finger 26 will slide from the groove 24' into the transfer groove 25 and the groove 24 so that the release pin 29 is moved and by the lever 30, shaft 38, lever 40' and actuator 40 closes the valve 103. This will avoid a rapid further pressure drop.
  • the valve will not be re-opened until the vehicle impinges once more on an obstable.
  • the expanding pressure gas which serves to transmit force and to consume kinetic energy is preferably produced by an ignition of cartridges which are filled with a suitable powder, which may be an explosive or deflagrating powder. It will obviously also be possible to use a compressed gas or the like which can be ignited.
  • a catchingnet is wound up on a roll 22 or the like and is connected to vertically and horizontally extendable telescopic assemblies 4 and 13.
  • the extending cartridge in the cartridge chamber 20 is directly fired. Because the locking means 12 remain engaged, the extending bumper bar 2 and a device 10 (FIG. 6), which is retained by the locking means 12, cause an actuation of cocks 64 and 65 for firing the cartridges 63 and 66.
  • the telescopic assemblies 4 and 13 are extended so that the net 6 is unrolled by a tension cable 8, which is secured to the bumper bar 2 and trained around the axis of the tie 15. As a result, the net forms an inclined surface.
  • the distance from the extended tie 15 to the ground will be desirably within the height of the shin bone of a pedestrian.
  • the actuation of the push button for operating the means for the protection of pedestrians operates an actuator 32 (FIGS. 2 and 3), which by means of a wedge 36 and apin 37 imparts a lateral movement to the lever 30 so that the latter, which is mounted on the shaft 38 is disengaged from the actuator 31.
  • An acceleration may now be imparted to the pedestrian, e.g., in either of two basic modes.
  • the pressure applied by the extending cartridge to the telescopic assembly 1 is selected so that the inertia force of the heaviest pedestrian for which the device is designed cannot overcome said pressure at the design peak velocity and the differential force required to return the bumper bar 2 against that pressure is produced by the engineer the like of the vehicle and transmitted, e.g., by the cable 16.
  • the cable 16 is adapted to be coupled to the engine, preferably to the V-belt pulley, by means of the drum 22, a gear rim 23, a pinion 49, a coupling shaft 50 and a coupling arm 35.
  • the velocity at which the bumper bar 2 and the net 6 are retracted corresponds to the velocity of the pedestrian and can be controlled in response to the speed of the engine.
  • the following automatic control system may' be adopted, e.g., for this purpose:
  • the actuation of the pedestrian push button closes the circuit of an electric motor 84 or the like (FIGS. 9 to 11).
  • This circuit includes a pointer 73 of a tachometer. That pointer 73 carriesa'sliding contact 74, which slides on a path described by a complementary contact 75 in the form of a sheet metal strip having the shape of a circular ring. The strip lies in said path when it moves through a slot 75a on the upper side of an insulating dial 76.
  • the movement of said sheet metal strip is continuously controlled from the tachometer by a rack 77 and a pinion 78.
  • the input shaft of the tachometer is suitably provided with a free-wheel, which ensures that the tachometer will remain in operation when the wheels are blocked and that the indicated speed will be reduced in that case by a design value.
  • the circuit of the electric motor 84 is closed so that the latter by means of a gear 80 and a shaft 79 opens the throttle valve 85 of the engine. This takes place, e.g., when the speed of the engine is below the design speed which is determined by the tachometer. When the speed is higher than the design speed, the sliding contact 74 has already interrupted the circuit and the throttle valve 85 closes the intake pipe 86 preferably completely.
  • the control of the throttle valve by the accelerator pedal is disabled at the time when the pedestrian push button is actuated.
  • This disabling is preferably effected by a disengaging fork 81, which disengages a clutch 87.
  • the engine clutch When the pedestrian-protecting device is rendered operative, the engine clutch must also be disengaged, e.g., by a spring, which acts on the clutch lever and is provided with a detent device at each end. When one detent device is released, the clutch lever is depressed. When the second detent device is released, the spring is deprived of its abutment and is pushed back by the clutch lever.
  • a spring which acts on the clutch lever and is provided with a detent device at each end.
  • the clutch arm 35 of the drum 22 is coupled to the motor when the cable 16 is wound up upon the impact of the tie with the pedestrian.
  • the lever 30 which has disengaged the actuator 31 is displaced. Because the lever has been laterally moved under a locking device 33, the lever releases said locking device 33 to cause the drum clutch to be engaged.
  • the means for actuating the rack 77 may be adjustable in length, e.g., in the same manner as the means for opening the valve 103.
  • the distance by which the bumper bar 2 has been extended can be taken into account in the selection of the speed unless the tie 15 of the fully extended bumper bar collides with the pedestrian.
  • the shaft 104 shown in the drawing would sense at the drum 22 the distance by which the bumper bar has been extended and would transmit that distance in a predetermiend ratio to the roll 105.
  • the same principle might also be adopted for the same purpose in that a scale 88 or 93 of an automatic control means, to be described hereinafter, is moved.
  • a separate push button may be operated to cause the actuator 41 to release the locking device 33 and to connect the drum clutch to the engine.
  • the extended net is wound up by a spiral spring 5 as the pressure fluid from the assemblies 4 and 13 escapes through suitable openings, e.g., through openings which have been struck into the cartridges by the strikers 64 and 65.
  • a sleeve 47 (FIGS. 3 and 4) may be provided on the cable 16 and may cooperate with a linkage 44, 45, 46 and 48. This linkage serves to actuate a disengaging bar 43, which retracts the clutch shaft 50 against the force of the spring 42.
  • the second basic mode of automatically controlling the acceleration of the pedestrian involves a variation of the pressure in the telescopic assemblies 1.
  • the extending pressure used for this purpose may be the same as in the system which has just been described.
  • the bumper bar 2 is extended as has just been described. To impart to the pedestrian an optimum design acceleration, it is necessry to measure the resultant of the mass of the pedestrian and the speed of the vehicle.
  • the pressure might be selected for an average weight of the pedestrian and an average speed.
  • the telescopic assemblies 4 and 13 and the catching net 6 could be incorporated in the vehicle alone. Improved results will be obtained, however, if all features of the present invention are combined.
  • the resultant is measured by springs 95, which are held by mountings 14 on the telescopic assembly 1 and act on the pins 95.
  • the tie 15 impinges on the legs of the pedestrian and lifts off the same against the force which is due to the friction of the road surface and the leg mass which is to be accelerated.
  • This movement is transmitted to the springs 95 by the pressure in the assemblies 4 and 13 and moves these springs in dependence on the resultant.
  • the pressure in the assemblies 4 and 13 may previously be lower than the abovementioned force.
  • a loop member is preferably pivotally connected to the mountings 14 and serves to transmit the movement of the spring to a scale 88, which is attached to the bumper bar 2 or the like at the center thereof.
  • This loop member 90 has a sliding contact, which is disposed over the scale and which carries current at the time when the pedestrian push button is operated. A small displacement of that loop member 90 causes the sliding contact to reach the first field of the scale so that the current flows over that field and a lead 91 to a magnetic locking means 99 to release the same.
  • a spring 101 opens a valve 96 having a relatively large opening so that the pressure escapes.
  • a mounting 97 of the spring is laterally unlatched by a wedge 98 so that the spring 101 is disengaged from the valve 96.
  • the pressure drop is measured by a manometer 92, which is preferably connected to the connecting tube 18 and causes a movement of a finger 94 over a scale 93, which is also provided with electrically conducting fields, which are connected to similar fields on the scale 88.
  • a manometer 92 which is preferably connected to the connecting tube 18 and causes a movement of a finger 94 over a scale 93, which is also provided with electrically conducting fields, which are connected to similar fields on the scale 88.
  • the valve 96 must be so large that the design pressure is preferably reached during the time from the contact with the tie to the end of the design deceleration distance. This distance is determined by the telescopic assemblies 4 and 13.
  • the contact loop member 90 on the scale 88 and the contact finger 94 on the scale 93 are preferably arranged to move in opposite senses.
  • the operating valve 103 has also been opened as the tie 15 was retracted so that the cable 16 was wound up and the pressure drop in the telescopic assembly 1 is now automatically controlled by the preferably variable opening of said valve.
  • a protection device against accidents of motor vehicles comprising a bumper bar
  • At least one cylinder means adapted to be secured to a vehicle and operatively connected to said bumper bar for varying the distance of said bumper bar from said vehicle
  • pivotal and lateral shiftable connection means for connecting said bumper bar so as to be capable of inclined position connecting in a horizontal plane relative to the vehicle
  • a pressure system for said at least one cylinder means containing an expandable medium for operative engagement of said cylinder means
  • said pressure system for said cylinder means having at least one outlet
  • said means for releasing and expanding said cylinder means comprises an electrical release member disposed in front of said bumper bar and operatively connected to said pressure system for actuating the latter upon hitting on obstacle.
  • a protection device against accidents of motor vehicles comprising a bumper bar
  • At least one cylinder means adapted to be secured to a vehicle and operatively connected to said bumper bar for varying the distance of said bumper bar from said vehicle
  • pivotal and lateral shiftable connection means for connecting said bumper bar so as to be capable of inclined position connecting in a horizontal plane relative to the vehicle
  • a pressure system for said at least one cylinder means containing an expandable medium for operative engagement of said cylinder means
  • said pressure system includes a pressure producer operatively connected to said cylinder means,
  • trigger pin means operatively disposed adjacent each cartridge storage means for igniting said cartridge in said cartridge storage means, respectively
  • said trigger pin means is provided with recesses into which said pawls, respectively, engage,
  • a release means coupled to said actuator and being operatively connected to said bumper bar for actuation upon impact with an obstacle.
  • said drum sleeve formed with two grooves arranged on the inner side of said drum sleeve perpendicular to the axis of rotation of said drum sleeve,
  • a release pin having disposed thereon a finger cooperatively entering said grooves
  • a pull-push spring operatively biasing said finger along said grooves, said finger in a neutral position of said pull-push spring lies between said two grooves, and upon a return rotation of said drum sleeve caused by said spiral spring, said finger enters in said inclined groove and said release pin is moved, and
  • a release lever coupled with said release pin and engaging said actuator.
  • the device as set forth in claim 3, further comprising a drive adapted to be coupled to a motor of the vehicle, and
  • said drum sleeve being operatively driveable, by said drive, with said motor.
  • a pull cable capable of being brought into engagement with said coupling and operable at will by the driver of the vehicle.
  • a protection device against accidents of motor vehicles comprising a bumper bar
  • At least one cylinder means adapted to be secured to a vehicle and operatively connected to said bumper bar for varying the distance of said bumper bar from said vehicle
  • pivotal and lateral shiftable connection means for connecting said bumper bar so as to be capable of inclined position connecting in a horizontal plane relative to the vehicle
  • a pressure system for said at least one cylinder means containing an expandable medium for operative engagement of said cylinder means
  • said at least one outlet constitutes an exit valve having a variable valve cross section
  • said releasing means includes a release lever
  • a pull cable operatively connected to said exit valve and to said release lever.
  • a protection device against accidents of motor vehicles comprising a bumper bar
  • At least one cylinder means adapted to be secured to a vehicle and operatively connected to said bumper bar for varying the distance of said bumper bar from said vehicle
  • pivotal and lateral shiftable connection means for connecting said bumper bar so as to be capable of inclined position connecting in a horizontal plane relative to the vehicle
  • said connection means comprises bolt means for the inclined positioning connecting of said bumper bar with said cylinder means, said bumper bar has slots in which said bolt means are disposed laterally shiftable, springs biasing said bolt means in said slots of said bumper bar, and rubber buffers carried in said slots of said bumper bar adjacent said bolt means.
  • said bolt means are turnable in said slots of said bumper bar about a vertical axis. 1 l.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)
US00796395A 1968-02-05 1969-02-04 Collision actuated bumper Expired - Lifetime US3729221A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT109068A AT293201B (de) 1968-02-05 1968-02-05 Schutzvorrichtung gegen Aufprallunfälle von Kraftfahrzeugen

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US3729221A true US3729221A (en) 1973-04-24

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US00796395A Expired - Lifetime US3729221A (en) 1968-02-05 1969-02-04 Collision actuated bumper

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US (1) US3729221A (de)
AT (1) AT293201B (de)
DE (1) DE1904053C3 (de)
GB (1) GB1257078A (de)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3860258A (en) * 1972-10-05 1975-01-14 Ford Motor Co Bumper support and energy absorbing frame system for a motor vehicle
US3869017A (en) * 1972-10-05 1975-03-04 Ford Motor Co Engine mounting and energy absorbing frame for a motor vehicle
US3893726A (en) * 1974-04-01 1975-07-08 Raymond Lee Organization Inc Shock absorber vehicle bumper
US4190275A (en) * 1978-03-16 1980-02-26 Fibco Inc. Impact attenuator
GB2000250B (en) * 1977-06-22 1982-06-23 Granig H A vehicle bumperbar mounted on telescopic hydraulic rams
US4825192A (en) * 1987-11-24 1989-04-25 Wells Kenneth A Retractable guard for vehicles
US5029919A (en) * 1990-02-15 1991-07-09 Bauer John K Pneumatic shock absorber for an automobile bumper having venting means
WO1998008713A1 (en) * 1996-08-31 1998-03-05 Lee Heung Jai Automobile bumper impact absorbing device and control method thereof
US20030178238A1 (en) * 2002-03-22 2003-09-25 Ruiz Primitivo F. Sliding Safety Bumper
US20110042976A1 (en) * 2009-08-19 2011-02-24 Korea Advanced Institute Of Science And Technology Length-variable shock absorbing apparatus for vehicle
US20120299280A1 (en) * 2010-10-12 2012-11-29 Jamal Atra Protective Device for Trucks
US20130311126A1 (en) * 2012-04-05 2013-11-21 Biodynamic Research Corporation System Force-Deformation Modeling Apparatuses and Methods
US8657336B1 (en) * 2010-10-12 2014-02-25 Jamal Atra Protective device for trucks
US11167709B2 (en) * 2018-01-22 2021-11-09 Will John Temple Extendable vehicle bumper

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1478849A (en) * 1973-08-14 1977-07-06 Road Research Ltd Shock absorbing apparatus
DE3027261C2 (de) * 1980-07-18 1985-05-23 Bochumer Eisenhütte Heintzmann GmbH & Co, 4630 Bochum Gelenkige Stoßverbindungs- und Aufhängevorrichtung für Schienen einer Einschienenhängebahn
SE463913B (sv) * 1989-06-27 1991-02-11 Chin Hun Yang Stoetabsorberande system med automatiskt utskjutande bilstoetfaangare
CN105253081A (zh) * 2015-10-28 2016-01-20 胡达广 液气混合式主动防撞汽车

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US1581301A (en) * 1924-08-16 1926-04-20 Oscar W Haist Emergency bumper for vehicles
US1593866A (en) * 1925-12-14 1926-07-27 Christinzio John Bumper
US1723508A (en) * 1929-04-01 1929-08-06 Henry C Schumacher Automobile bumper and bumper-extension device
GB331351A (en) * 1929-06-04 1930-07-03 William Edward Jackson Motor car bumper and shock absorber
US1783335A (en) * 1926-05-10 1930-12-02 Frank J Laher Automobile bumper
US1985184A (en) * 1932-05-11 1934-12-18 Schneider & Cie Torpedo tube
US2024636A (en) * 1933-11-10 1935-12-17 Gallina Joseph Safety bumper for automobiles
US2026113A (en) * 1934-12-03 1935-12-31 Estelle W Gomborov Bumper
US2179427A (en) * 1936-11-17 1939-11-07 William A Elgie Automobile bumper
US2403730A (en) * 1943-03-27 1946-07-09 Eastman Kodak Co Explosively actuated high-speed shutter
US2628118A (en) * 1946-08-28 1953-02-10 Jr Charles W Gunnels Hydraulic shock absorber
US2873994A (en) * 1954-05-17 1959-02-17 Omps James Ray Resiliently mounted bumper for vehicles
US3286460A (en) * 1964-09-04 1966-11-22 Dynamit Nobel Ag Pressure actuating device

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1581301A (en) * 1924-08-16 1926-04-20 Oscar W Haist Emergency bumper for vehicles
US1593866A (en) * 1925-12-14 1926-07-27 Christinzio John Bumper
US1783335A (en) * 1926-05-10 1930-12-02 Frank J Laher Automobile bumper
US1723508A (en) * 1929-04-01 1929-08-06 Henry C Schumacher Automobile bumper and bumper-extension device
GB331351A (en) * 1929-06-04 1930-07-03 William Edward Jackson Motor car bumper and shock absorber
US1985184A (en) * 1932-05-11 1934-12-18 Schneider & Cie Torpedo tube
US2024636A (en) * 1933-11-10 1935-12-17 Gallina Joseph Safety bumper for automobiles
US2026113A (en) * 1934-12-03 1935-12-31 Estelle W Gomborov Bumper
US2179427A (en) * 1936-11-17 1939-11-07 William A Elgie Automobile bumper
US2403730A (en) * 1943-03-27 1946-07-09 Eastman Kodak Co Explosively actuated high-speed shutter
US2628118A (en) * 1946-08-28 1953-02-10 Jr Charles W Gunnels Hydraulic shock absorber
US2873994A (en) * 1954-05-17 1959-02-17 Omps James Ray Resiliently mounted bumper for vehicles
US3286460A (en) * 1964-09-04 1966-11-22 Dynamit Nobel Ag Pressure actuating device

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3860258A (en) * 1972-10-05 1975-01-14 Ford Motor Co Bumper support and energy absorbing frame system for a motor vehicle
US3869017A (en) * 1972-10-05 1975-03-04 Ford Motor Co Engine mounting and energy absorbing frame for a motor vehicle
US3893726A (en) * 1974-04-01 1975-07-08 Raymond Lee Organization Inc Shock absorber vehicle bumper
GB2000250B (en) * 1977-06-22 1982-06-23 Granig H A vehicle bumperbar mounted on telescopic hydraulic rams
US4366976A (en) * 1977-06-22 1983-01-04 Hubert Granig Cushioning means for motor vehicles
US4190275A (en) * 1978-03-16 1980-02-26 Fibco Inc. Impact attenuator
US4825192A (en) * 1987-11-24 1989-04-25 Wells Kenneth A Retractable guard for vehicles
US5029919A (en) * 1990-02-15 1991-07-09 Bauer John K Pneumatic shock absorber for an automobile bumper having venting means
WO1998008713A1 (en) * 1996-08-31 1998-03-05 Lee Heung Jai Automobile bumper impact absorbing device and control method thereof
US20030178238A1 (en) * 2002-03-22 2003-09-25 Ruiz Primitivo F. Sliding Safety Bumper
US20110042976A1 (en) * 2009-08-19 2011-02-24 Korea Advanced Institute Of Science And Technology Length-variable shock absorbing apparatus for vehicle
US8371628B2 (en) * 2009-08-19 2013-02-12 Korea Advanced Institute Of Science And Technology Length-variable shock absorbing apparatus for vehicle
US20120299280A1 (en) * 2010-10-12 2012-11-29 Jamal Atra Protective Device for Trucks
US8657337B2 (en) * 2010-10-12 2014-02-25 Jamal Atra Protective device for trucks
US8657336B1 (en) * 2010-10-12 2014-02-25 Jamal Atra Protective device for trucks
US20130311126A1 (en) * 2012-04-05 2013-11-21 Biodynamic Research Corporation System Force-Deformation Modeling Apparatuses and Methods
US9453786B2 (en) * 2012-04-05 2016-09-27 Biodynamic Research Corporation System force-deformation modeling apparatuses and methods
US9470606B2 (en) * 2012-04-05 2016-10-18 Biodynamic Research Corporation System force-deformation modeling apparatuses and methods
US11167709B2 (en) * 2018-01-22 2021-11-09 Will John Temple Extendable vehicle bumper

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DE1904053A1 (de) 1969-10-02
DE1904053B2 (de) 1978-01-19
AT293201B (de) 1971-09-27
GB1257078A (de) 1971-12-15
DE1904053C3 (de) 1978-09-14

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