US3727393A - Thread breakage detector - Google Patents

Thread breakage detector Download PDF

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Publication number
US3727393A
US3727393A US00192497A US3727393DA US3727393A US 3727393 A US3727393 A US 3727393A US 00192497 A US00192497 A US 00192497A US 3727393D A US3727393D A US 3727393DA US 3727393 A US3727393 A US 3727393A
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United States
Prior art keywords
detector
arm
thread
magnet
edge
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00192497A
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English (en)
Inventor
K Mikulecky
J Elias
F Filip
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vyzkumny Ustav Bavlnarsky AS
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Vyzkumny Ustav Bavlnarsky AS
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H63/00—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions ; Quality control of the package
    • B65H63/02—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions ; Quality control of the package responsive to reduction in material tension, failure of supply, or breakage, of material
    • B65H63/024—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions ; Quality control of the package responsive to reduction in material tension, failure of supply, or breakage, of material responsive to breakage of materials
    • B65H63/028—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions ; Quality control of the package responsive to reduction in material tension, failure of supply, or breakage, of material responsive to breakage of materials characterised by the detecting or sensing element
    • B65H63/032—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions ; Quality control of the package responsive to reduction in material tension, failure of supply, or breakage, of material responsive to breakage of materials characterised by the detecting or sensing element electrical or pneumatic
    • B65H63/0321—Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions ; Quality control of the package responsive to reduction in material tension, failure of supply, or breakage, of material responsive to breakage of materials characterised by the detecting or sensing element electrical or pneumatic using electronic actuators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
    • B65H2701/30—Handled filamentary material
    • B65H2701/31—Textiles threads or artificial strands of filaments

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A magnet is mounted in a housing of a thread breakage detector and has an edge bounding a surface. An arm composed at least in part of magnetizable material is fulcrumed on this edge for pivotal movement and has a portion which is displaceable by magnetic attraction from a position remote to a position proximal to the surface of the magnet.
  • An electrical circuit having at least two contacts at least one of which is carried by the portion of the arm so as to engage the other contact when the portion is proximal to the surface of the magnet, and tension-detecting means in form of a separate rockable lever, or a portion of the arm itself, is provided which cooperates with a tensioned thread and maintains the portion of the arm in its position remote from the surface of the magnet while the thread exerts a predetermined tension.
  • the present invention relates generally to a thread breakage detector, and more particularly to a thread breakage detector which is usable with particular advantage, although not exclusively, in an open-end spinning machine.
  • the automatic thread breakage repairing devices are usually constituted of a mechanism utilizing gear means,'brake means and clutch means and if thread breakage occurs, the brake must first stop the withdrawal motion of the yam-withdrawing and the yarn wind-up elements of the machine, whereupon the I clutch means reverses the direction of rotation of these devices for a predetermined time period until the trailing broken thread end has been returned back into the rotary spinning chamber.
  • Such devices must, of course,
  • Thread breakage detectors which constantly supervise the thread and initiate a signal when they detect a breakage of the thread. Thread breakage can, as is well known in the art, be the result of many factors, for instance the existence of burrs or other impurities in the fibers which are being spun in the rotary spinning chamber into a yarn or thread.
  • a plurality of different types of thread breakage detectors are already known from the prior art. They operate basically on one of two principles, namely to detect either a reduction in the tension of the thread being withdrawn, or a loss of tension. The latter is determined by the action of centrifugal forces exerted upon the yarn and in the spinning chamber, as well as upon fibers deposited on the fiber-collecting surface of the spinning chamber in preparation for twisting into a yarn or thread.
  • the thread breakage detectors are characterized by having a relatively long response time, that is the time between detecting the existenceof a break in the thread and the response of the detector to such a discovery.
  • the prior-art devices for detecting thread breakages have been found suitable only for low yarn or thread withdrawal speeds, for instance speeds of approximately 30 meters per minute.
  • One device which has been found effective in applications where the thread withdrawal speed is relatively slow, and which requires the acceleration of relatively small masses and is simple in its construction, is for instance disclosed in Czechoslovak Pat. No. 130,260.
  • the desired very brief response time that is the time required between detection of thread breakage and closure of the contacts of an electrical circuit which will trigger operation of the thread repair device, is dependent upon the thread withdrawal speed, the length of the withdrawal channel and the inner diameter of the spinning chamber.
  • the length of the withdrawal channel is usually about mm; if the yarn withdrawal speed is increased, then the length of the withdrawal channel must of course similarly be increased if the response time of the thread-breakage detector cannot be improved.
  • the brakes engage the yarn take-off and yarn wind-up devices, braking them, and thereupon the clutches will reverse the operation of the yarn take-off and yarn wind-up devices for a certain period of time until the trailing end of the broken-off yarn or thread portion has been returned into the spinning chamber.
  • a thread breakage detector particularly for use in open-end spinning machines, which comprises a housing and magnet means mounted in the housing and having an exposed surface bounded by an edge.
  • An arm is composed at least in part of magnetizable material and is fulcrumed on the edge for pivotal movement there about, having a return movement to thefiber-collecting surface of the rotary spinning'chamber.
  • the time periods here involved are extremely short, and it has been found that the known thread breakage detectors are notv capable to respond to the detection of thread breakage with a speed sufiicient to assure stoppage and reversal of motion of the trailing yarn end while the latter is still located in the yarn withdrawal channel.
  • the known thread breakage detectors have an additional disadvantage in that they cannot be adjusted to various yarn tension values in dependence on the yarn strength, the types of fibers being spun, and the revolutions of the rotary spinning chamber.
  • portion displaceable by magnetic attraction from a first to a second position in which it is respectively farther from and closer to the surface of the magnet means.
  • Electric circuit means includes at least" two contacts one of which is carried by the arm and which are adapted for engagement in response to displacement of the portion of the arm from first to second position.
  • tension-detecting means is provided, being adapted for cooperation with a tensioned thread and operative for maintaining the portion of the arm in the first position while the detecting means is subjected by the thread to a predetermined tension.
  • the tension-detecting means may be, according to one embodiment of the invention, a rocking arm a free end of which is engaged by the thread, whereas another end contacts a displaceable pinwhich bears upon the portion of the fulcrumed arm and normally maintains it in the first position counter to themagnetic attraction while tension is exerted by the thread.
  • the rocking arm or lever is arranged to freely rock in a cavity provided in the withdrawal body of an open-end spinning machine, having at one end a sharp edge received in a mating recess in the cavity and pivotable about or rockable about this sharp edge.
  • the cavity in turn can communicate, via a duct provided adjacent the aforementioned recess, with the yarn withdrawal channel, or with the ambient atmosphere, so that any dust which might tend to settle into the recess and could disadvantageously influence the freedom of rocking movement and therefore the quickness of response of the detector, can be withdrawn through this duct.
  • the tension-detecting'means prefferably be constituted by a terminal section of the arm itself.
  • the opposite terminal section maybe provided with a depression or groove in which the edge bounding the exposed surface of the magnet means is received.
  • the magnet means itself is according to one embodiment a single unitary and-stationary permanent mag- .permanent magnets one of' which is stationarily mounted whereas the other is movable towards and away from 'it in longitudinal direction of the arm.
  • the position of at least one of the contacts with reference to the other can also be made adjustable, for which purpose one embodiment of the invention discloses appropriate means.
  • FIG. 1 is a somewhat diagrammatic sectional illustration showing one embodiment of the invention in nonoperated condition
  • FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 showing another embodiment of the invention in operated condition;
  • FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 1 illustrating a further embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 3 showing an additional embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 1 illustrating still a further embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 6 is an elevational view of FIG. 5 looking towards the right-hand side and with portions omitted for the sake of clarity.
  • the novel thread breakage detector is located at or on a body or housing 1 of a spinning machine which is otherwise not illustrated in detail because it does not form a part of the invention.
  • the body 1 has a yarn or thread withdrawal channel 2 which communicates with the non-illustrated spinning chamber and through which the thread or yarn 3 is withdrawn, in the illustrated embodiment in upward direction.
  • FIG. 1 shows the novel thread breakage detector 4 which is provided for detecting breakage of the thread 3 and which has a housing 12 located adjacent to a recess or cavity 6 provided in the body 1.
  • a rocking lever 5 is also arranged in the recess 6 and has a lower end portion 7 provided with a sharp edge which is received in a corresponding recess 8 provided in the bottom wall bounding the cavity 6 so that the lever 5 can rock about this sharp edge in the direction of the double-headed arrow.
  • the upper free end portion 9 of the lever 5 is engaged by the thread 3 which when tensioned tends to displace and urge the lever 5 in clockwise direction.
  • FIG. 2 It is appropriate to discuss at this point the embodiment of FIG. 2, because it differs from that of FIG. 1 only in the provision of a channel or duct 10 which communicates with the ambient atmosphere at one end, in FIG. 2 by means of the channel 2 which is in turn in communication with the ambient atmosphere, whereas the other end of the duct or channel 10 communicates with the cavity 6 in the region of the recess 8.
  • the purpose of this arrangement is to prevent the deposition of dust or similar contaminantswhich enter the cavity 6 from above-in the recess 8.
  • the communication of the channel 10 with the channel 2, rather than directly with the ambient atmosphere, is currently preferred because in this manner a continuous air flow prevailing in the channel 2 and directed inwardly. towards the non-illustrated rotary spinning chamber (that is downwardly in FIG. 2) effects permanent withdrawal of dust from the cavity 6.
  • the housing 12 may be formed as an integral part of the body 1 or it may be a separate unit which is appropriately securedfor instance removablyto the body 1. Located in the housing 12 is a magnet 20 which is fixedly mounted and a surface of which is designated with reference numeral 25 and bounded by an edge 19.
  • An arm 18 is fulcrumed on the edge 19 in the illustrated embodiment by the portion 21 of the arm 18 being bent at an angle to the remainder of the arm so as to provide a recess 22 in which the edge 19 is located.
  • the arm 18 is attracted by the magnetic force of the magnet to the surface 25; it carries one contact 17 of an electrical circuit 14 the other contact 13 of which is fixedly mounted in the housing 12. It is important that the weight of the arm 18 be as low as possible because the response time, that is the period required for closing or opening the circuit 14, depends to a large extent on this weight.
  • the width of the arm 18 in direction normal to the plane of FIG. 1 corresponds preferably to at least a substantial extent to that of the chamber 1 1 in the housing 12, seen in the same direction. This prevents the arm 18 from moving to a position in which it could become wedged in the chamber 11 and blocked from performing the necessary movement.
  • the housing 12 is formed with an aperture communicating with the cavity 6 and in which there is located a pin 24 which can slide longitudinally of the aperture and bears with its opposite ends against the lever 5 and against an end portion 23 of the arm 18, respectively.
  • the lever 5 can be omitted and a terminal section of the arm 18 itself can constitute the equivalent of the lever 5, being engaged by the thread which then moves over the terminal section of the arm 18 in the same way in which it moves over the terminal section 9 of the lever 5 in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the cavity 6 and the pin 24 can of course be omitted, "together with the lever 5.
  • FIG. 4 Anembodiment similar to that of FIG. 3 is illustrated in FIG. 4 where again a terminal section of the arm 18 is engaged by the thread.
  • the arm 18 can also carry two contacts, and that there may beprovided two stationary contacts each of which cooperates with one of the contacts carried bythe arm 18.
  • the magnet 20 need not of course be a permanent magnet, but could instead be an electromagnet. Additionally,however, it need not be of one piece, such as the permanent magnets shown in FIGS.'14. Instead, FIGS. 5 and. 6 illustrate an embodiment in which the magnet consists of two pieces in order to afford suitable adjustment of the magnetic attraction acting on the arm 18.
  • the stationary magnet has a companion piece, namely a magnet 27 which can be made to move towards and away from the magnet 20 longitudinally of the arm 18, as indicated by the double-headed arrow associated with the magnet 27. How this is accomplishedisobvious to those skilled in the art and various possibilities will offer themselves.
  • the embodiment provides for lengthening or shortening the magnetic force field R which acts relative to the edge 19 upon the arm I8, so as to adjust the force with which the arm 18 is attracted to the magnets 20, 27.
  • the wall 12a of the housing 12 is provided with an additional bore, that is a bore in addition to that in which the slidable pin 24 is accommodated, and the contact 13 is mounted in this bore 15-which may be internally threaded-and can be locked in place by a nut or similar means 16.
  • the contact 13 can be moved inwardly or'outwardly with respect to the housing 12, and therefore with reference to the contact, 17.
  • the feature of mounting the contact 13 displaceably can beomitted in the embodiment of FIG. 5, and in any case the adjustment of the magnetic force paratus disclosed in the earlier-mentioned Czechoslovakian Pat. No. 130,260 the response time of the novel thread breakage detector is approximately three times shorter.
  • the novel detector can evidently respond to thread breakages with sufficient speed, even when the thread or yarn withdrawal speedsrare extremely high.
  • the force acting on the arm 18 can be adjusted, so that it is possible to take into account the strength of the type of yarn or thread being spun. This'is important because the tension on the thread, and therefore the force required of the magnetic attraction upon the arm 18, is greater in the case of stronger yarns, and vice versa. Also, the construction is particularly simple and capable of rapid response times because both the'arm l8 and the lever 5 are mounted not by means of pivots or other similar means, but exclusively pivot about sharp edges on which they are supported, thereby reducing friction to a minimum and, of course, greatly simplifying the construction.
  • a thread breakage detector particularly for use in open-end spinning machines, comprising a housing; magnet means mounted in said housing and having an exposed surface bounded by an edge; an arm composed at last in part of magnetizable material and being fulcrumed on said edge for pivotal movement thereabout, said arm having a portion displaceable by magnetic attraction from a first to a second position in which it is respectively farther from and closer to said surface; electric circuit means including at least two contacts one of which is carried by said arm and which are adapted for engagement in response to displacement of said portion from said first to said second position thereof; and tension-detecting means adapted for cooperation with a tensioned thread and operative for maintaining said portion in said first position while subjected by the thread to a predetermined tension.
  • a detector as defined in claim 1, wherein said tension-detecting means comprises a displaceable member 4.
  • said rocking lever having a tenninal portion bounded by a sharply defined edge, and said cavity having a wall provided with a recess in which said sharply defined edge is matingly received for free rocking movement of said rocking lever about said sharply defined edge.
  • a detector as defined in claim 4 further comprising a channel in said wall means and communicating with said cavity in the region of said recess for evacuation of contaminants from said cavity.
  • a detector as defined in claim 1 said arm having a terminal section adjacent said edge and provided with a receiving recess in which said edge is matingly received.
  • a detector as defined in claim 1 said housing having an interior chamber of predetermined width in which said magnet means and said arm are accommoda ted; and wherein said arm has a transverse dimension in direction of said width which substantially corresponds to the latter.
  • said magnet means comprises a stationary first magnet member and a second magnet member which is shiftable toward and away from said first magnet member in direction longitudinally of said arm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
US00192497A 1970-11-06 1971-10-26 Thread breakage detector Expired - Lifetime US3727393A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CS745970A CS153228B1 (en)) 1970-11-06 1970-11-06

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US3727393A true US3727393A (en) 1973-04-17

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US00192497A Expired - Lifetime US3727393A (en) 1970-11-06 1971-10-26 Thread breakage detector

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US (1) US3727393A (en))
CH (1) CH533696A (en))
CS (1) CS153228B1 (en))
DE (1) DE2153136A1 (en))
FR (1) FR2112500B1 (en))
GB (1) GB1312887A (en))
IT (1) IT941081B (en))

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3873043A (en) * 1973-01-17 1975-03-25 Benninger Ag Maschf Yarn guide- and monitoring apparatus for a bobbin creel
US4091606A (en) * 1976-08-16 1978-05-30 Fritz Stahlecker Open end spinning frame with a magnetic switch for sliver feed
US4710646A (en) * 1985-04-03 1987-12-01 Elitex Koncern Textilniho Strojirenstvi Thread movement sensor
USD846005S1 (en) 2017-03-22 2019-04-16 Tokai Kogyo Mishin Kabushiki Kaisha Spool holder for an embroidery sewing machine
USD846007S1 (en) 2017-03-22 2019-04-16 Tokai Kogyo Mishin Kabushiki Kaisha Thread guide for embroidery sewing machine
USD846006S1 (en) * 2017-03-22 2019-04-16 Tokai Kogyo Mishin Kabushiki Kaisha Combined thread tension device and thread breakage detector mounted on thread tension table for embroidery sewing machine

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3744207A1 (de) * 1987-12-24 1989-07-06 Rieter Ag Maschf Spinnmaschine mit einer vielzahl von spinnstellen

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE373766C (de) * 1923-04-16 J G Leonhardt Fadenkontakt
US3120587A (en) * 1962-02-05 1964-02-04 Du Pont Thread break detector device
US3315047A (en) * 1964-12-15 1967-04-18 Vyzk Ustav Bavlnarsky Filament break detector
US3676990A (en) * 1969-04-29 1972-07-18 Telemecanique Electrique Thread-sensing device for a textile machine

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE373766C (de) * 1923-04-16 J G Leonhardt Fadenkontakt
US3120587A (en) * 1962-02-05 1964-02-04 Du Pont Thread break detector device
US3315047A (en) * 1964-12-15 1967-04-18 Vyzk Ustav Bavlnarsky Filament break detector
US3676990A (en) * 1969-04-29 1972-07-18 Telemecanique Electrique Thread-sensing device for a textile machine

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3873043A (en) * 1973-01-17 1975-03-25 Benninger Ag Maschf Yarn guide- and monitoring apparatus for a bobbin creel
US4091606A (en) * 1976-08-16 1978-05-30 Fritz Stahlecker Open end spinning frame with a magnetic switch for sliver feed
US4710646A (en) * 1985-04-03 1987-12-01 Elitex Koncern Textilniho Strojirenstvi Thread movement sensor
USD846005S1 (en) 2017-03-22 2019-04-16 Tokai Kogyo Mishin Kabushiki Kaisha Spool holder for an embroidery sewing machine
USD846007S1 (en) 2017-03-22 2019-04-16 Tokai Kogyo Mishin Kabushiki Kaisha Thread guide for embroidery sewing machine
USD846006S1 (en) * 2017-03-22 2019-04-16 Tokai Kogyo Mishin Kabushiki Kaisha Combined thread tension device and thread breakage detector mounted on thread tension table for embroidery sewing machine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2112500B1 (en)) 1976-04-02
FR2112500A1 (en)) 1972-06-16
IT941081B (it) 1973-03-01
CH533696A (de) 1973-02-15
CS153228B1 (en)) 1974-02-25
GB1312887A (en) 1973-04-11
DE2153136A1 (de) 1972-05-10

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