US3722222A - Support means for slope revetments - Google Patents

Support means for slope revetments Download PDF

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Publication number
US3722222A
US3722222A US00122551A US3722222DA US3722222A US 3722222 A US3722222 A US 3722222A US 00122551 A US00122551 A US 00122551A US 3722222D A US3722222D A US 3722222DA US 3722222 A US3722222 A US 3722222A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
slope
revetment
support
oblong body
oblong
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00122551A
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English (en)
Inventor
G Rinkel
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Bitumarin BV
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Bitumarin BV
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Publication date
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Publication of US3722222A publication Critical patent/US3722222A/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
    • E02B3/122—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips
    • E02B3/127—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips bags filled at the side

Definitions

  • Kannan AttorneyJones and Lockwood 57 ABSTRACT A method and means is provided for protecting slope revetrnents of banks and of harbor basins and water,- ways against crumbling under the water line.
  • the method includes the step of supporting the foot of the revetment with an oblong body which extends in the longitudinal direction of the slope and ,which is suspended from a carrier. This carrier rests at least in part on the slope and is covered by the revetment.
  • the invention relates to a method and a means for the protection of slope revetments of banks of harbor basins and waterways against crumbling under the water line.
  • the invention therefore relates to a method and a means for the protection of slope revetments of banks of harbor basins and waterways against crumbling under the water line, in which the foot of the revetment is supported by means of an oblong body extending in the longitudinal direction of the slope, which body is suspended from carrier means which rest at least in part on the slope and are covered and/or enveloped by the revetment.
  • the drawing shows a side view of the revetment supported by the carrier means on the slope of an embankment.
  • carrier means 6 which rest at' least in part on the slope 2 of a bank 3 of a harbor basin and are covered and/or enveloped by the revetment 1.
  • the carrier means 6, for example cables, rods, wires or a net are secured to the oblong body and, starting from this body, extend upwards along the slope 2. If the revetment 1 consists of a heavy mass such as rip rap, for example random or pitched stone, this mass will force the carrier means 6 onto the slope 2 so that the carrier means 6 are covered by the revetment.
  • the carrier means 6 do not rest on the slope over their full length since they are drawn, at least in part, into the revetment 1 by the weight of the oblong bodies 4 suspended therefrom and are then enveloped by the revetment l.
  • the carrier means 6 themselves are anchored either by the frictional resistance exerted by the carrier means on the slope or by being connected to, for example stakes 12 provided at the top of the slope, or by a combination of both.
  • the oblong element 4 is preferably at least substantially cylindrical, the average diameter being preferably 0.8 to 1.5 times the thickness of the revetment.
  • the object of the invention is likewise achieved with a diameter in excess of L times the thickness of the revetment, but such a large diameter is not economic.
  • the choice of a diameter smaller than 0.8 times the thickness of the revetment 1 still enables crumbling to be checked in the case of coherent revetments which are relatively rigid at the water temperature but such a diameter may be insufficient in this respect for revetments showing relatively little coherence.
  • oblong bodies in one length.
  • oblong bodies are employed of such length that they can be handled by the available equipment and be arranged in end-to-end or overlapping relationship, whereupon they may be fastened to each other, if desired.
  • the oblong body 4 may be a relatively rigid body, for example a pile. Although such a body provides good support for the revetment 1, it has the drawback that it cannot follow a change in profile of the slope brought about by incipient scour, as a result of which progressive scour is not suppressed.
  • the oblong body 4 preferably also performs a secondary function, i.e. it should follow as closely as possible any change in profile of the slope so that accelerated erosion as a result of gaps formed in the slope by the scour is prevented. Such a function can only be performed if the oblong body 4 is sufiiciently flexible to follow an incipient scour.
  • a suitable flexible body is built up, for example, of a skin 13 which envelops a deformable mass 14.
  • This skin may consist of a film or a fabric.
  • the skin material 13 is preferably a rot-proof material, for example a plastic. If the skin 13 is a fabric, this may also be made of glass fiber.
  • the skin 13 is a fabric made of a polyalkylene thread or filament, in particular a thread or filament of high-pressure polyethylene or of polypropylene, which fabric has a weight of to g/m in particular 1 10 g/m.
  • filling mass for the skin shaped as a hollow cylinder use may of course be made of any deformable filling mass 14, for example sand.
  • Particularly suitable is a filling mass which contains sand and a cutback bitumen and preferably also an additive which promotes the envelopment of the sand grains by the bitumen, for example lime.
  • a mixture of this type remains satisfactorily kneadable at the temperature of the water 10.
  • a very suitable mixture contains 90-96 percent by weight of sand, l-3 percent by weight of lime and l-9 percent by weight of cutback bitumen.
  • a suitable cutback bitumen is commercially available under the name Special Road Oil (for example S.R.O. B). This Special Road Oil conforms to the requirements of the Specifications laid down by Rijkswaterstaat (State Water Authority) 1967.
  • the said sand mixtures may be prepared from moist or wet sand.
  • carrier means 6 for the oblong body use is preferably made of a net, although non-coherent carrier means such as cables, may also be employed.
  • a net is preferred because of its coherence and in view of the.
  • a net also offers advantages in positioning the oblong body 4, which for obvious reasons is most conveniently effected before laying the lining. In this case the net together with the oblong body 4 attached thereto is merely laid on the slope and lowered over the required distance along the slope 2, whereupon the net is secured to the body of the bank 2, for example with stakes 12.
  • a suitable net is one having a 10-25 cm mesh.
  • the nets are preferably made of rope consisting of a rotproof material such as synthetic fibers, in particular rope made from polypropylene monofilament.
  • the rope thickness may be selected to suit the force that will be exerted on it.
  • An invariably strong and durable net is obtained from polypropylene rope of 4-6 mm thickness and has a mesh of l-25 cm.
  • an oblong body 4 which is sufficiently flexible to follow changes in profile of the slope 2, and thus supports a revetment which has a corresponding flexibility.
  • a lining is, for example, a layer consisting of a mixture of sand, lime and cutback bitumen of the type described previously as filling mass for the oblong body 4.
  • a mixture of this type which is known in hydraulic engineering as S.R.O sand, is a cheap, easily deformable and coherent material which is highly suitable as a slopesealing filtering material and which as a rule is present at some distance below the waterline of the waterway 10 as the only slope revetment and is covered in most cases with a second revetment, for example formed of rubble, from above the waterline to some distance below the waterline.
  • Each body consisted of a skin of polypropylene fabric with a weight of 1 10 g/m which enveloped a body mass consisting of 94.5 percent by weight of sand, 1.5 percent by weight of lime and 4 percent by weight of cutback bitumen (the cutback bitumen commercially available under the name Special Road Oil B.).
  • the net was secured by means of stakes placed at intervals of 30 cm in the body of the dyke. The slope with the net laid thereon was subsequently lined with a mass similar to that used as filling mass for the roll-shaped bodies.
  • This revetment was so applied as to extend 2.25 m below the water surface of the canal.
  • the thickness of the revetment, starting at 45 cm below the water surface to the bottom edge of the revetment, was 30.5 cm.
  • the thickness of the revetment from the water surface as far as 45 cm below the water surface was l5 cm. This thinner section was subsequently covered wlth a 20 cm thick layer of rubble,
  • a support for a slope revetment comprising an oblong body which extends in the longitudinal direction of the slope and which is in supporting contact with the foot of the revetment and a carrier means from which the oblong body is suspended, said carrier means resting at least in part on the slope and being covered by the revetment.
  • the support of claim 4 in which the skin consists of a polypropylene fabric with a weight of from to grams per square meter.
  • a method for the protection of slope revetments against crumbling which method comprises the stops of suspending an oblong body downwardly along the longitudinal direction of the slope from carrier means laid on the slope, covering the carrier means with a revetment, and extending the revetment downwardly along the longitudinal direction of the slope until contact is made with the oblong body, whereby the foot of the revetment is supported by the oblong body.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
US00122551A 1970-05-11 1971-03-09 Support means for slope revetments Expired - Lifetime US3722222A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL7006762A NL7006762A (cs) 1970-05-11 1970-05-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3722222A true US3722222A (en) 1973-03-27

Family

ID=19810036

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00122551A Expired - Lifetime US3722222A (en) 1970-05-11 1971-03-09 Support means for slope revetments

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3722222A (cs)
BE (1) BE766948A (cs)
DE (1) DE2123043A1 (cs)
FR (1) FR2091394A5 (cs)
GB (1) GB1331133A (cs)
LU (1) LU63141A1 (cs)
NL (1) NL7006762A (cs)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4486121A (en) * 1982-04-15 1984-12-04 Ercon Corporation Stabilization against water erosion
US4655637A (en) * 1985-06-19 1987-04-07 Vignocchi Harry J Revetment system for preventing bluff erosion
US5697736A (en) * 1994-08-03 1997-12-16 Custom Precast Concrete, L.L.C. Seawalls and shoreline reinforcement systems
US5951202A (en) * 1997-05-05 1999-09-14 Brown; Gregory Benn Shoreline erosion-preventing bank installation
US6491473B2 (en) 2001-02-05 2002-12-10 Sidney E. Veazey Precast modular concrete shapes and methods of installation to form shoreline stabilization, marine and terrestrial structures
US20040244667A1 (en) * 2001-02-05 2004-12-09 Veazey Sidney E. Modular ships for transporting and installing precast modular intermodal concrete shapes
US20070283866A1 (en) * 2001-02-05 2007-12-13 Veazey Sidney E Production, transport and use of prefabricated components in shoreline and floating structures
US7992509B1 (en) 2001-02-05 2011-08-09 Sidney Edwin Veazey Shellfish habitats

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2047197A (en) * 1935-03-25 1936-07-14 John R Fordyce Revetment
US2159685A (en) * 1939-03-22 1939-05-23 Buzzell Dow Alan Concrete riprap
US2454292A (en) * 1946-04-05 1948-11-23 Andrew B Pickett Revetment mat
US3344609A (en) * 1959-10-23 1967-10-03 Carthage Mills Inc Prevention of beach erosion and encouragement of land restoration
US3517514A (en) * 1968-03-08 1970-06-30 B M A Batenburg Soil protection mats
US3538711A (en) * 1967-03-07 1970-11-10 Fyens Saekkekompagni As Device for control and prevention of coast erosion
US3561219A (en) * 1967-10-13 1971-02-09 Toray Industries Textile mat for industrial use in the field of civil engineering

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2047197A (en) * 1935-03-25 1936-07-14 John R Fordyce Revetment
US2159685A (en) * 1939-03-22 1939-05-23 Buzzell Dow Alan Concrete riprap
US2454292A (en) * 1946-04-05 1948-11-23 Andrew B Pickett Revetment mat
US3344609A (en) * 1959-10-23 1967-10-03 Carthage Mills Inc Prevention of beach erosion and encouragement of land restoration
US3538711A (en) * 1967-03-07 1970-11-10 Fyens Saekkekompagni As Device for control and prevention of coast erosion
US3561219A (en) * 1967-10-13 1971-02-09 Toray Industries Textile mat for industrial use in the field of civil engineering
US3517514A (en) * 1968-03-08 1970-06-30 B M A Batenburg Soil protection mats

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4486121A (en) * 1982-04-15 1984-12-04 Ercon Corporation Stabilization against water erosion
US4655637A (en) * 1985-06-19 1987-04-07 Vignocchi Harry J Revetment system for preventing bluff erosion
US5697736A (en) * 1994-08-03 1997-12-16 Custom Precast Concrete, L.L.C. Seawalls and shoreline reinforcement systems
US5951202A (en) * 1997-05-05 1999-09-14 Brown; Gregory Benn Shoreline erosion-preventing bank installation
US6491473B2 (en) 2001-02-05 2002-12-10 Sidney E. Veazey Precast modular concrete shapes and methods of installation to form shoreline stabilization, marine and terrestrial structures
US20040244667A1 (en) * 2001-02-05 2004-12-09 Veazey Sidney E. Modular ships for transporting and installing precast modular intermodal concrete shapes
US7007620B2 (en) 2001-02-05 2006-03-07 Se Ventures, Inc. Modular ships for transporting and installing precast modular intermodal concrete shapes
US20070283866A1 (en) * 2001-02-05 2007-12-13 Veazey Sidney E Production, transport and use of prefabricated components in shoreline and floating structures
US7373892B2 (en) 2001-02-05 2008-05-20 Veazey Sidney E Production, transport and use of prefabricated components in shoreline and floating structures
US7603959B1 (en) 2001-02-05 2009-10-20 Veazey Sidney E Use of prefabricated components in floating structures
US7762205B1 (en) 2001-02-05 2010-07-27 Veazey Sidney E Transport and use of prefabricated components in shoreline and floating structures
US7992509B1 (en) 2001-02-05 2011-08-09 Sidney Edwin Veazey Shellfish habitats

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2091394A5 (cs) 1972-01-14
DE2123043A1 (de) 1971-12-02
LU63141A1 (cs) 1972-03-03
NL7006762A (cs) 1971-11-15
GB1331133A (en) 1973-09-19
BE766948A (fr) 1971-11-10

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