US3714801A - Stocking and method of making same - Google Patents

Stocking and method of making same Download PDF

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Publication number
US3714801A
US3714801A US00779733A US3714801DA US3714801A US 3714801 A US3714801 A US 3714801A US 00779733 A US00779733 A US 00779733A US 3714801D A US3714801D A US 3714801DA US 3714801 A US3714801 A US 3714801A
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United States
Prior art keywords
courses
ply
course
yarn
terminal
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00779733A
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English (en)
Inventor
R Janda
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Boeing North American Inc
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North American Rockwell Corp
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/10—Patterned fabrics or articles
    • D04B1/102—Patterned fabrics or articles with stitch pattern
    • D04B1/108—Gussets, e.g. pouches or heel or toe portions
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/22—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration
    • D04B1/24—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration wearing apparel
    • D04B1/26—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration wearing apparel stockings
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B9/00—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles
    • D04B9/42—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles specially adapted for producing goods of particular configuration
    • D04B9/46—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles specially adapted for producing goods of particular configuration stockings, or portions thereof
    • D04B9/56—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles specially adapted for producing goods of particular configuration stockings, or portions thereof heel or toe portions

Definitions

  • the invention is directed to fabric tubes and specifically to such fabric tubes for ladies stockings and to methods of knitting and closing one end of the fabric tubes on a circular knitting machine.
  • the needles are then rotated approximately 360 relatively to the dial bits and the yarn bights held by the dial bits are returned to the needles to form a closed double ply toe portion in the stocking.
  • the stocking is knitted in a non-conventional manner from toe to welt in addition to the mechanism required on the knitting machine to effect the relative rotation between the dial and needle cylinder other extensive and costly changes must be made to the machine to reverse the normal conventional knitting procedure.
  • the fabric tensioning means of the machine cannot exert the required tension on the welt and this results in an unsightly sleazy stitch formation in the welt.
  • the invention resides in the provision of a double ply welt-like toe portion on a seamless stocking having a draw thread interlaced with and acting to gather stitches of courses defining the outer terminal end of the double ply toe portion into a tight bunch to close said terminal end.
  • FIG. 1 is a view of a stocking incorporating the invention in a toe portion thereof;
  • FIG. 2 is a view on an enlarged scale of a portion of the foot of the stocking of FIG. 1 taken in the direction of the arrow A;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view on an enlarged scale taken on the line and in the direction of the arrows 3 3 of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of a portion of a multifeed circular knitting machine adapted to make the stocking of FIG. 1 and showing parts of the machine during one step in the formation of the stocking;
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken substantially along the line and in the direction of the arrows 55 of FIG. 4;
  • FIGS. 6 to 9 are views similar to FIG. 4 showing further steps in the formation of the toe portion of the stocking
  • FIGS. 10 to 13 are views similar 'to FIG; 5 showing the parts of the machine during the fabric forming steps illustrated in FIGS. 6 to 9, respectively;
  • FIG. .14 is a view on a greatly enlarged scale taken transversely through a portion of the fabric of FIG. 6
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing the path of the needles at the knitting feeds of the machine during the step illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5;
  • FIG. 16 is a view similar to FIG. 15 showing the path of the needles at the knitting feeds during the step illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 10;
  • FIG. 17 is a view similar to FIGS. 15 and 16 showing the path of the needles at the knitting feeds duringthe steps illustrated in FIGS. 7, 8, 11 and 12;
  • FIG. 18 is a view on an enlarged scale diagrammatically illustrating one method of interlacing a draw yarn in courses of stitches of the toe portion of the stocking;
  • FIG. 19 is a view similar to FIG. 18 illustrating another method of interlacing a draw yarn in courses of stitches of the toe portion of the stocking;
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic view on a greatly enlarged scale of a portion of the stitch formation of the fabric as it progresses through the steps illustrated in FIGS. 4 to 6 and and FIG. 21 is a view similar to FIG. 19 of the stitch formation of the fabric produced by the step of FIGS. 8 and 12. i
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 of the drawings there is shown a ladies seamless stocking fabric 10 having a tubular preferably double ply welt portion 11, a tubular leg portion 12, a tubular foot portion 15, a heel pocket 16 and a toe 17.
  • the welt which is knitted of a heavy yarn and the leg and foot portions which are knitted of relatively light weight yarn are conventionally formed during rotary knitting on a circular knitting machine, to be hereinafter described, and the heel pocket, which may also be knit of heavy yarn is conventionally formed by rotary knitting or reciprocatory knitting by methods well known in the prior art.
  • the stocking is preferably knit starting at the welt and ending at the toe.
  • the welt, leg and foot portions and the heel pocket are shown to indicate essential parts of the stocking 10 but otherwise form no part of the instant invention.
  • the toe 17 includes a single ply tubular portion 20 which is preferably knitted of heavy yarn and a two ply portion 21 which is preferably knitted of light weight yarn, the two ply portion having an inner ply 22 (FIG. 3) with an inner terminal course 26 interknittedwith a terminal course 28 of the single ply portion 20, an outer ply 27 having an inner terminal course 30, and a course 31 connecting the stitches of the courses 26 and to connect the inner courses of the inner and outer plies to eachother (see FIGS. 3, 20 and 21).
  • An outer terminal course 32 of the inner ply 22 and an outer terminal course 33 of the outer ply 27 see FIG.
  • the course 31 is the first of a group of courses forming a rave] course area 36 (FIG. 3), the rave] course area having a pattern of run-resist stitches, if desired, to resist run back of the stitches thereof.
  • the stocking 10 is adapted to be knitted on a con- .ventional circular knitting machine as, for example, one of the type shown in US. Pat. No. 3,205,683, issued Sept. 14, 1965.
  • the machine has a usual circle of independently operated latch needles 37 (FIGS. 4 and 5) which are slidably mounted in slots in a cylinder 40,
  • the machine has a main knitting station 45 having yarn fingers 46 for feeding yarn to the needles 37 and earns (not shown) for operating the needles in cooperation with the sinkers to knit yarnsv fed thereto into courses of stitches during both rotary and reciprocatory operation of the machine in forming the stocking 10.
  • the machine also has a' second or auxiliary knitting station 47 having yarn fingers 50 and earns (not shown) for operating the needles to knit yarns fed thereto into courses of stitches with the main knitting station 45 to form multifeed portions of the stocking 10 during rotary operation of the machine.
  • the machine also includes selecting means (not shown) at each of the stations for causing selected needles to follow a knitting path to knit plain stitches, and for causing selected needles to follow tuck and float paths to form design stitches generally in the manner set forth in said US. Pat. No. 3,205,683.
  • the stocking 10 is knitted from welt to toe with the welt being formed of courses knit of relatively heavy yarn by all of the needles 37 at both main and auxiliary stations of the machine. After the welt and an afterwelt portion are knitted of the heavy yarns, light yarns are substituted to form the leg portion of the stocking to the start of the heel pocket.
  • the stocking 10 is to include a reciprocated heel pocket the auxiliary knitting station 47 is inactivated while the heel pocket is reciprocatorily knitted at the main knitting station on a portion of the needles in the usual manner.
  • auxiliary knitting station is again activated to knit with the main knitting station on all of the needles to the start of the single ply portion 20 of the toe 17-where heavy yarns are preferably substituted for the light yarns at both stations. Knitting then continues at both knitting stations (FIGS. 4 and 5) to form the courses of the single ply portion 20 to the course 26 with each new course formed at each station starting on the needle which forms the stitches in a wale 51 and ending on the needle which forms the stitches in wale 52, as shown in FIG. 20.
  • alternate needles indicated at 37a starting with the needle which formed the stitches in wale 51 are operated along a low nonknitting path 55 (FIG. 15) to hold the stitches of course 26 thereon while the intervening needles 37b continue to operate along a knitting path 56 to form a course of stitches.
  • the alternate needles 37a then are operated along the non-knitting path 55 at the auxiliary station 47 and the needles 37a remain in the non-knitting path to hold their stitches of course 26 as courses of the inner ply 22 are formed by'the intervening needles 37b at both the main and auxiliary knitting stations.
  • a light weight yarn may be substituted for the heavy yarn thereat
  • Courses are then knitted of the light weight yarn at both knitting stations to gradually form a double ply fabric portion 58 (see FIG. 14) the combined lengths of the plies of which is substantially equal in length to the inner ply 22.
  • the double ply portion 58 extends from the stitches of course 26 formed by the intervening needles to the stitches on the intervening needles of a course 60 preceding course 32 (FIGS. 6, 10 and 20).
  • a heavy yarn is substituted for the light weight yarn, the heavy yarn becoming the draw yarn 35 referred to below.
  • every other intervening needle, indicated at 37c, is operated along a tucking path 57 (FIG. 16) at the auxiliary station to take the heavy draw yarn 35 fed at the auxiliary station in the hooks thereof while the remaining intervening needles are operated along the low non-knitting path to hold their stitches of the course 32.
  • the intervening needles 37b are either operated along the tucking or non-knitting paths as above noted for a complete rotation of the needle cylinder all of the intervening needles are operated along the non-knitting path.
  • the auxiliary station 47 throughout the formation of the remaining courses of the outer ply 27 of the two ply toe portion 21 without, however, removing the yarn finger feeding the heavy yarn 35 from active position at this station.
  • the intervening needles may again be operated along the tucking and non-knitting paths at the auxiliary station 47 in the same manner to also interlace the draw yarn with the stitches of the course 33 and a course 64 of the outer ply 27 as indicated in dot and dash outline in FIG. 20
  • a member 61 which may be manually operated or mechanically operated by means not shown herein to apply an outward pull on the draw yarn at the auxiliary station between the yarn finger and yarn supply thereat to gradually withdraw the draw yarn from the courses 32 and 33 (and the courses 33 and 64 when the draw yarn is interlaced therewith), as shown in FIGS. 1, 8, l1 and 12, to gather the stitches of courses 32 and 33 (and courses 33 and 64) into a tight bunch, as indicated at 62 in FIGS. 2, 8 and 12.
  • the outward pull on the draw yarn to withdraw it from the courses 32 and 33 may be such as to gather the stitches into a tight bunch that completely closes the outer end of the toe 17 or to gather the stitches into a bunch that results in the formation of a small opening.
  • both alternate needles 37a and intervening needles 37b are operated through the knitting path 56 at station 45 to form the course 31 to connect or interknit the stitches of the course 26 held by the alternate nee station 47 to form a ravel course 65 of the yarn 35 at this station thereby anchoring the end of the draw yarn to maintain the stitches of the courses 32 and 33 in bunched condition (FIGS.'2, 9 and 13). Thereafter a few additional ravel courses are formed by all of the needles 37 at stations 45 and 47 to complete the stocking 10.
  • the needles 370 may be operated along, the knitting path 56 at the station 47 to form a partial course of stitches 32a to interlace stitches of the courses 32 and 33 as shown in FIG. 19.
  • the intervening needles are then operated along the non-knitting path at station 47 and the yarn 35 is withdrawn from the course 32a as the courses of the outer ply 27 are knitted at the station 45 to gather the stitches of the courses 32 and 33 into a tight bunch to close the end of the toe 17.
  • a long float portion of the draw yarn 35 extends along the outer surface of the outer ply 27 between the median courses 32 and 33 (or courses 33 and 64) and the ravel course 65.
  • this long float portion of the draw yarn may be broken up into a plurality of short float portions by interlacing the draw yarn with a few stitches of spaced courses of the outer ply 27 formed at the main station 45, as shown by the dotted line 66 in FIG. 20, in the same manner that the draw yarn is interlaced with the stitches of the courses 32 and 33, as above set forth.
  • the courses of the inner ply 22 are knitted at both the main and auxiliary stations and the draw yarn 35 is the same heavy yarn used to form the course at the auxiliary station.
  • the auxiliary station may be inactivated prior to the formation of the inner terminal course 26 of the inner ply 22 of the toe and the courses of the inner ply are then fomied only at the main station 45.
  • the needles at the auxiliary station are operated to interlace the draw yarn with the stitches of courses 32 and 33 in the manner above set forth.
  • courses of the inner ply are knitted by the intervening needles at all of the knitting stations.
  • the needles at one of the stations are then operated to interlace the yarn of this station with the stitches of the courses 32 and 33 in the manner above set forth.
  • the needles then remain inactive at said one station and the interlaced yarn is withdrawn from the courses 32 and 33 to gather the stitches thereof as the remaining courses of the outer ply are formed at the other three knitting stations of the machine.
  • all of the needles are operated to form the course 31 to connect the stitches of the courses 26 and 30 and the needles are again operated at the one station to form the ravel courses with one or all of the other three stations of the machine.
  • A-knitted fabric tube having a tubular double ply portion projecting from one end thereof, said double ply portion being formed of interconnected courses of stitches and including a first ply having an inner terminal course connected to said tube, and a second ply having an inner terminal course connected to said inner terminal course of said first ply, and a draw yarn interlaced with the stitches of outer terminal courses of said double ply portion intermediate said inner terminal courses of said first and second plies, said intermediate courses definingthe outer terminal end of said double ply portion, and said draw yarn acting to gather said stitches of said outer terminal courses into a tight bunch to close said outer terminal end of said double ply portion, and in which said inner terminal courses of said first and second plies are connected by a first course of a plurality of ravel courses, and said draw yarn has a leading end anchored in a course of said double ply portion adjacent said intermediate courses and a trailing end forming another of said ravel courses.
  • a fabric tube according to claim 1 in which said draw yarn floats freely across said second ply of said double ply portion between said outer terminal courses and said ravel course formed by said draw yarn.
  • a method of forming and closing a tubular double ply portion projecting from one end of a fabric tube including the steps of a. knitting yarn and forming courses of said fabric tube including a terminal course thereof,
  • a method according to claim 4 including the additional steps of h. anchoring a leading end of said draw yarn in a course of said double ply portion adjacent said outer terminal courses before said draw yarn is interlaced with said stitches of said outer terminal u s and 1. knitting a trailing portion of said draw yarn and said first ply,
  • a method according to claim 6 including the additional steps of h. knitting said draw yarn and forming at least one course of said first ply to anchor a leading end of said draw yarn in said double ply portion adjacent said outer terminal courses before said yarn is interlaced with said stitches of said outer terminal courses, and v i. knitting a trailing portion of said draw yarn and forming at least one of said plurality of ravel courses.
  • a method according to claim 6 including the additional steps of h. holding alternate stitches of said inner terminal course of said first ply,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
  • Knitting Machines (AREA)
  • Socks And Pantyhose (AREA)
US00779733A 1968-11-29 1968-11-29 Stocking and method of making same Expired - Lifetime US3714801A (en)

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US77973368A 1968-11-29 1968-11-29

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US00779733A Expired - Lifetime US3714801A (en) 1968-11-29 1968-11-29 Stocking and method of making same

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US (1) US3714801A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS4812256B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR6914614D0 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1957516A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2048240A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1268970A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3776000A (en) * 1968-09-05 1973-12-04 Moncenisio Gia Anonima Bauchie Knitting of stocking toes on circular knitting machines
US4014186A (en) * 1975-03-12 1977-03-29 Matec S.P.A. Method of forming a closed end on a knitted tubular fabric
US20170145604A1 (en) * 2011-03-15 2017-05-25 Nike, Inc. Knitted component and method of manufacturing the same
US11478038B2 (en) 2011-03-15 2022-10-25 Nike, Inc. Article of footwear incorporating a knitted component
US12262791B2 (en) 2011-03-15 2025-04-01 Nike, Inc. Knitted footwear component with an inlaid ankle strand

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US761592A (en) * 1903-11-16 1904-05-31 Elihu Lippitt Frame for incandescent mantles.
US966746A (en) * 1909-06-16 1910-08-09 Georg Hoefer Ham and sausage tying machine.
US2020556A (en) * 1935-04-22 1935-11-12 Kirkpatrick Helen Isham Protective device for knitting and the like
US2069021A (en) * 1935-04-12 1937-01-26 Carl F Schuessler Knitted cap
US2522842A (en) * 1947-05-22 1950-09-19 William M Scholl Tubular bandage
US2601771A (en) * 1951-03-28 1952-07-01 Cleanser Products Inc Cleaning aid
US2636492A (en) * 1951-01-29 1953-04-28 George L Wright Teat cot
US2787899A (en) * 1953-08-06 1957-04-09 James L Getaz Method of closing toe of circular knit hose
US3184236A (en) * 1962-10-19 1965-05-18 Zens Hosiery Mfg Co Bowling pin reinforcing cover
US3236070A (en) * 1962-02-01 1966-02-22 Jr Harold E Clayton Bowling pin cover and method for making same
US3254509A (en) * 1960-05-21 1966-06-07 Marcella Sessa Moretta Circular knitting machines for the production of hosiery with double, outwardly turned-over welts
US3301012A (en) * 1964-01-03 1967-01-31 Marcella Sessa Circular knitting machines for the production of hosiery with double, outwardly turned-over welts
US3327500A (en) * 1963-08-19 1967-06-27 Scott & Williams Inc Knitted products

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US761592A (en) * 1903-11-16 1904-05-31 Elihu Lippitt Frame for incandescent mantles.
US966746A (en) * 1909-06-16 1910-08-09 Georg Hoefer Ham and sausage tying machine.
US2069021A (en) * 1935-04-12 1937-01-26 Carl F Schuessler Knitted cap
US2020556A (en) * 1935-04-22 1935-11-12 Kirkpatrick Helen Isham Protective device for knitting and the like
US2522842A (en) * 1947-05-22 1950-09-19 William M Scholl Tubular bandage
US2636492A (en) * 1951-01-29 1953-04-28 George L Wright Teat cot
US2601771A (en) * 1951-03-28 1952-07-01 Cleanser Products Inc Cleaning aid
US2787899A (en) * 1953-08-06 1957-04-09 James L Getaz Method of closing toe of circular knit hose
US3254509A (en) * 1960-05-21 1966-06-07 Marcella Sessa Moretta Circular knitting machines for the production of hosiery with double, outwardly turned-over welts
US3236070A (en) * 1962-02-01 1966-02-22 Jr Harold E Clayton Bowling pin cover and method for making same
US3184236A (en) * 1962-10-19 1965-05-18 Zens Hosiery Mfg Co Bowling pin reinforcing cover
US3327500A (en) * 1963-08-19 1967-06-27 Scott & Williams Inc Knitted products
US3301012A (en) * 1964-01-03 1967-01-31 Marcella Sessa Circular knitting machines for the production of hosiery with double, outwardly turned-over welts

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3776000A (en) * 1968-09-05 1973-12-04 Moncenisio Gia Anonima Bauchie Knitting of stocking toes on circular knitting machines
US4014186A (en) * 1975-03-12 1977-03-29 Matec S.P.A. Method of forming a closed end on a knitted tubular fabric
US20170145604A1 (en) * 2011-03-15 2017-05-25 Nike, Inc. Knitted component and method of manufacturing the same
US10822729B2 (en) * 2011-03-15 2020-11-03 Nike, Inc. Knitted component and method of manufacturing the same
US11421353B2 (en) 2011-03-15 2022-08-23 Nike, Inc. Knitted component and method of manufacturing the same
US11478038B2 (en) 2011-03-15 2022-10-25 Nike, Inc. Article of footwear incorporating a knitted component
US11859320B2 (en) 2011-03-15 2024-01-02 Nike, Inc. Knitted component and method of manufacturing the same
US12262791B2 (en) 2011-03-15 2025-04-01 Nike, Inc. Knitted footwear component with an inlaid ankle strand
US12297569B2 (en) 2011-03-15 2025-05-13 Nike, Inc. Knitted component and method of manufacturing the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1268970A (en) 1972-03-29
BR6914614D0 (pt) 1973-01-11
JPS4812256B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-04-19
FR2048240A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-03-19
DE1957516A1 (de) 1970-07-09

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