US3705376A - Connector with releasable spring contact and releasing tool - Google Patents

Connector with releasable spring contact and releasing tool Download PDF

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Publication number
US3705376A
US3705376A US92742A US3705376DA US3705376A US 3705376 A US3705376 A US 3705376A US 92742 A US92742 A US 92742A US 3705376D A US3705376D A US 3705376DA US 3705376 A US3705376 A US 3705376A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
channel
spring
post
connector
conductive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US92742A
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert John Kinkaid
John Carl Asick
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TE Connectivity Corp
Original Assignee
AMP Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AMP Inc filed Critical AMP Inc
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3705376A publication Critical patent/US3705376A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R25/00—Coupling parts adapted for simultaneous co-operation with two or more identical counterparts, e.g. for distributing energy to two or more circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
    • H01R43/26—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for engaging or disengaging the two parts of a coupling device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/20—Pins, blades, or sockets shaped, or provided with separate member, to retain co-operating parts together
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/53274—Means to disassemble electrical device
    • Y10T29/53283—Means comprising hand-manipulatable implement
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/57—Distinct end coupler
    • Y10T403/5706—Diverse serial connections

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A connector assembly including a contact body having a crimped wire barrelportion and a channel portion with a finger-like spring mounted on the channel portion. An opening near a free end of the spring is located opposite one end of the channel permitting insertion of a conductive post through the opening and into thexchannel.
  • the spring is appropriately biased to bite the post along one edge of the opening while releasing the post by use of a tool which applies a force at the end of the spring in the direction of the channel.
  • the nature of the electrical contact between the connector and the conductive post is also a source of some difficulty in the spring contact priorart.
  • the spring contact disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 1,240,186 Fahnestock does not provide anelongated conductive channel to assure-substantial contact with a conductive post.
  • the spring contact of Fahnestock is examplary of prior art which is characterized by an undesirable increase in resistance with temperature.
  • a connector of the spring contact type is provided which will readily release a conductive post.
  • connectors are provided which may be conveniently stackedon a conductive post. Accordingly,
  • the connectors include a wire barrel portion which is axially offset from the channel portion and connected thereto by a transition portion.
  • the spring contact comprises a conductive channel adapted to receive a conductive post' and further comprises a spring having an opening located at the end of the channel.
  • the spring is appropriately biased to a position characterized by misalignment between an edge of the opening and one'side of the channel so as to bite one side of the conductive post at the edge of the opening upon insertion of the post into the channel through the opening.
  • a connector is provided displaying a negative resistance characteristic. This is accomplished by utilizing a spring separate from and mounted on the channel of the spring contact.
  • the spring comprises a material having a thermal coefficient of expansion less than the thermal coefficient of expansion for the channel so as to increase the pressure between the conducmore connectors to be mounted on a single conductive post with the spring of one connector biting one side of the conductive post and the spring of the adjacent connector biting the'other side of the conductive post.
  • a tool for the release of a conductive post from the connector.
  • a tool may'comprise hook means for engaging the free end of the spring and an actuated member for applying an axially compressive force on the connector.
  • an axially compressive force is applied to the connector, the free end of the spring pivots about the fulcrum forcing the end of the spring away from the conductive post to release the bite.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a connector embodying the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the connector shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a side view of the connector shown in FIG. 2 in combination with a conductive post, the contact being shown in partial cross-section;
  • FIG. 4 is a side view of a pair of the connectors shown in FIG. 2 stacked on the conductive posts;
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a tool releasing a conductive post from the spring contact of FIG. 2;
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 depict sequential steps in the operation of the tool shown in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 8 is a side view of a pair of modified connectors embodying the invention which are stacked on a conductive post;
  • FIG. 9 is a sectional view of one of the connectors shown in FIG. 8.
  • FIG. 10 is a graph depicting connector characteristics as a function of current.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a connector of the spring contact type comprising a body 10 and spring 11.
  • the body includes a channel portion 12 for receiving a conductive post, a transition portion 14, and a wire barrel portion 15 axially offset from the channel portion 12 for receiving a wire.
  • the body 10 also includes ears 13 which are adapted to bend over a fixed portion 1 la of the spring 11.
  • the spring also includes an arched portion 11b and a locking portion 110.
  • An opening 16 is provided in the locking portion 11c which is partially aligned with the channel when the connector is assembled as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the locking portion 11 of the spring also includes a dish 17 which strengthens the spring 11 and, as will be subsequently explained, optimizes the bite of the locking portion 11c on the post.
  • each of the ears 13 is precreased. Therefore, when the ears are bent over the fixed portion 11c of the spring, the resulting bend across the fixed portion 11c will be uniform, right-angled and not radiused. This type of bend will not buckle the spring.
  • the wire barrel 15 is bent or crimped over the connecting wire 18 in a substantially conventional manner.
  • FIG. 3 shows the connector in place on a post 19.
  • the arched portion 11b of the spring extends around the corner, or fulcrum point 20 external to the channel.
  • An edge 21 of the opening 16 is biased to a position of slight misalignment with one side of the channel before the post 19 is inserted.
  • the spring 11 bites, that is, bears against, the post 19 at the edges 21 in the dish 17.
  • the dish 17 forms radiased comers which fit into frictional engagement with the corners of the post 19 and improve the holding ability of the connectOI.
  • the electrical contact between the post 19 and the channel occurs in three different areas. One area is adjacent the fulcrum 20. The other area 23, is on the opposite side of the channel adjacent the transition portion 14. The pressure exerted by the spring holding the post 19 against the two areas of the channel provides ample electrical contact between the post 19 and the channel. There is also electrical contact through the spring member.
  • FIG. 4 shows two connectors on the post 19. In use, it is commonly necessary to stack two or more connectors on a post in this manner and the connector of this invention is a particularly convenient way of doing so.
  • FIG. 5 shows a tool for releasing the spring.
  • the tool includes a channel portion 25 which receives the connector and post and hooks 26 which hold the end of the spring 11.
  • a spring-loaded plunger 27 is moved toward the hook by hand operation of the handle 28 thereby applying an axially compressive component of force on the connector as a force is applied to the free end of the spring 11 directed toward the channel 12.
  • FIG. 6 shows the plunger 27 in the position before pressure is applied by the operator.
  • FIG. 7 shows that the hooks 26 which extend perpendicular to the axis of the channel 12 and plunger 27 have been moved closer to each other to further arch the edge 21 of spring 11 away from the post 19 thereby further pivoting the spring around the fulcrum 20 to release the pressure between the post 19 and the body 10.
  • the actual movement of the plunger 27 is very slight as is apparent from an inspection of FIGS. 6 and 7 but is sufficient for releasing the spring from the post.
  • One particularly useful modification of the tool has an overcenter lever which pushes the plunger 27 forward. With this modification the operator need not maintain the pressure on the plunger 27 while pulling the connector from the post 19.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 show a modified connector embodying the invention.
  • the wire barrel 15 is on the same side as the fixed spring portion 11c.
  • a hole 29 has also been provided in the transition portion.
  • the post extends through this hole.
  • This modification is particularly useful where the connectors are applied by an automated machine. Note that it is not necessary to reverse or rotate two adjacent, stacked connectors by with respect to one another.
  • an ear 30 is provided for exerting pressure to release the spring 11. If pressure were applied between the tip of the spring 11 and the wire barrel 15, as in the embodiment of FIG. 2, the spring would kink. This is avoided by applying pressure between the ear 30 and the tip of the spring 11 to release the bite on the post 19.
  • FIG. 9 shows the spring 11 in its relaxed position before the post is inserted for the first time. Note the misalignment between the edge 21 and the side of the channel 12. After the post 19 is inserted into the channel 12 through the opening 16, the spring 11 will be bent to a position shown in FIG. 8 while the memory of the spring holds the edge 21 against the post 19.
  • the spring 11 comprised stainless steel having a modulus of elasticity of 28 X 10 lbs.
  • the body comprised phosphor bronze although other materials are suitable for use. Other suitable materials include soft copper, grade C copper or any other good conductive material.
  • the connector of FIGS. l-4 comprises a body in which the channel portion 12 has a square cross-section .028 i .001 inches on a side.
  • the square cross-section of the post 19 is .025 i .001 inches on a side.
  • one actual embodiment has a channel 12 with a rectangular cross-section, .034 i .002 by .067 i .002.
  • the post in this embodiment is .031 1.001 by .062 i .001 inches.
  • the connector of the present invention exhibits a resistance versus current characteristic. Normally, as the current through a connector increases, the resistance increases. This causes the temperature to increase and the voltage drop across the connector to increase.
  • the connector of the present invention exhibits a negative resistance characteristic.
  • the body expands faster than the spring 11 due to the different coefficient of expansion between spring and body.
  • the coefficient of expansion of stainless steel is less than that of a phosphor bronze body.
  • the fulcrum point or corner engages the spring 11 with increased pressure to increase the bias on the spring 11.
  • the increased bias on the spring improves the contact between the post 19 and the body 10.
  • FIG. 10 contains two plots.
  • the first is a plot of termination resistance in milliohms as a function of current.
  • the Xs are average values of tests on five sam ples. The bars above and below the Xs represent the maximum and minimum resistance exhibited for each of the five samples. Note that as the current increased from 0.5 amps to 3.5 amps, there was a decrease in average termination resistance from 1.00 to 0.95 mil liohms. This is about a 6 percent decrease in resistance.
  • the other plot in FIG. 10 is a plot of temperature as a function of current.
  • the temperature indicated on the ordinate is the difference between ambient temperature and the temperature of the transition portion 14 of the connector. This is usually considered a hot spot in connectors. Note that there is approximately a 10 increase in temperature. This represents approximately a 50 percent rise in temperature while the contact actually exhibited a 6 percent decrease in resistance.
  • the foregoing test demonstrates that within the parameters of the connector design there is a decreasing resistance instead of the normal increasing resistance with increased current.
  • An electrical connector comprising a conductive wire receiving portion, a conductive channel portion connected to said wire receiving portion and having two ends including at least one open end adapted to receive a conductive post, and a spring attached to said channel portion between said two ends, said spring having an opening located at said open end of said channel portion, said spring being normally biased to a position of nonalignment between an edge of said opening and one side of the channel in said channel portion so as to bite one side of the conductive post at said edge upon insertion of said post into said channel through said opening, said bite being of sufficient'force to establish and maintain, a stable electrical connection between said post and said conductive channel portion.
  • said spring comprises a fixed portion extending along said channel and a flexible portion having a free end with the fulcrum for said free end being located at said open end of said channel, said opening being located in said flexible portion with said edge biting said post being adjacent said free end and remote from said fixed portion, the bias on said spring permitting release of said post by applying a force in the direction of said channel at said free end of said spring.
  • T e connector 0 claim 3 wherein said flexible 7 nel at said fixed portion.
  • said wire receiving portion comprises a wire barrel portion axially offset from said channel portion and opposite said fixed portion of said spring and a transition portion connecting said wire barrel with said channel portion.
  • a connector assembly comprising a plurality of the connectors as recited in claim 8 and a conductive post, said post being inserted through the respective openings and channels of said connectors with the respective springs of said respective connectors biting said post on opposite sides thereof.
  • said wire receiving portion comprises a wire barrel portion axially offset from said channel portion on the same side as said fixed portion and a transition portion connecting said wire barrel with said channel portion, said channel portion including an ear on the end of said channel portion adjacent said transition portion adapted to be engaged by a'tool when releasing said post from said connector by applying a force between said ear and said free end of said spring.
  • a connector assembly comprising a plurality of the connectors as recited in claim 10 and a conductive post, said post being inserted through the respective openings and channels of said connectors with respective springs of said connectors biting said post on the same side thereof.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Connections Effected By Soldering, Adhesion, Or Permanent Deformation (AREA)
  • Connector Housings Or Holding Contact Members (AREA)
  • Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
US92742A 1970-11-25 1970-11-25 Connector with releasable spring contact and releasing tool Expired - Lifetime US3705376A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US9274270A 1970-11-25 1970-11-25
US00285983A US3818569A (en) 1970-11-25 1972-09-05 Releasing tool for multiple contact

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3705376A true US3705376A (en) 1972-12-05

Family

ID=26785996

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US92742A Expired - Lifetime US3705376A (en) 1970-11-25 1970-11-25 Connector with releasable spring contact and releasing tool
US00285983A Expired - Lifetime US3818569A (en) 1970-11-25 1972-09-05 Releasing tool for multiple contact

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00285983A Expired - Lifetime US3818569A (en) 1970-11-25 1972-09-05 Releasing tool for multiple contact

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (2) US3705376A (OSRAM)
AT (1) AT318045B (OSRAM)
AU (1) AU460179B2 (OSRAM)
BE (1) BE775679A (OSRAM)
DE (1) DE2156326C3 (OSRAM)
FR (1) FR2115996A5 (OSRAM)
GB (1) GB1309198A (OSRAM)
NL (1) NL148198B (OSRAM)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3894783A (en) * 1974-04-08 1975-07-15 Amp Inc Spring grip contact assembly
DE2755496A1 (de) * 1976-12-20 1978-06-22 Amp Inc Elektrische verbinderanordnung
EP0036477A3 (de) * 1980-03-24 1981-12-09 STOCKO Metallwarenfabriken Henkels und Sohn GmbH & Co Elektrisches Kontaktelement mit Isoliergehäuse
US4357066A (en) * 1980-05-27 1982-11-02 Ford Motor Company Printed circuit board edge terminal
US4431252A (en) * 1980-05-27 1984-02-14 Ford Motor Company Printed circuit board edge connector
US4491381A (en) * 1983-06-23 1985-01-01 Amp Incorporated Electrical panelboard connector
EP0130017A3 (en) * 1983-06-23 1985-11-21 AMP INCORPORATED (a New Jersey corporation) Electrical connector for trilead cable and method of assembly thereof
US4589718A (en) * 1985-07-24 1986-05-20 Amp Incorporated Pin shroud with locking clip
US4627674A (en) * 1983-04-18 1986-12-09 Amp Incorporated Tri-lead connector
US4700828A (en) * 1986-07-18 1987-10-20 Dana Corporation Multi-clevis cable connector
US4787866A (en) * 1988-04-14 1988-11-29 Amp Incorporated Connector for unlocking conductive members from conductive pins
US4971571A (en) * 1990-03-15 1990-11-20 Amp Incorporated Self-locking pin field connector
US5158485A (en) * 1990-02-21 1992-10-27 Yazaki Corporation Female socket contact
US20050028477A1 (en) * 2003-07-28 2005-02-10 Freyssinet International (Stup) Method for strengthening a structure and associated anchorage unit
US20050282444A1 (en) * 2004-06-17 2005-12-22 Irish Kenneth G Self-locking wire terminal and shape memory wire termination system
US20060128233A1 (en) * 2002-10-30 2006-06-15 Naoya Matsuura Electrical terminal having resistance against mating terminal removal
US10727631B2 (en) * 2008-03-14 2020-07-28 Zonit Structured Solutions, Llc Locking electrical receptacle with elongate clamping surfaces

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3132385A1 (de) * 1981-08-17 1983-03-03 Vorwerk & Co Interholding Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal Mehrfachverbindung elektrischer leitungen
DE4014048A1 (de) * 1990-04-28 1991-10-31 Wago Verwaltungs Gmbh Elektrische verbindungsklemme
USD340389S (en) 1992-02-21 1993-10-19 Yazaki Corporation Device for disengaging a terminal fitted in a connector housing
DE102010018242A1 (de) * 2010-04-23 2011-10-27 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Elektrischer Steckkontakt

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE621604A (OSRAM) * 1961-08-29
US3377689A (en) * 1965-09-30 1968-04-16 James P. Kimmett Apparatus for removing electrical components from a circuit board
US3600784A (en) * 1969-12-02 1971-08-24 Gen Electric Spring-loaded hotstick for manipulating electric cable connectors

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3894783A (en) * 1974-04-08 1975-07-15 Amp Inc Spring grip contact assembly
DE2755496A1 (de) * 1976-12-20 1978-06-22 Amp Inc Elektrische verbinderanordnung
EP0036477A3 (de) * 1980-03-24 1981-12-09 STOCKO Metallwarenfabriken Henkels und Sohn GmbH & Co Elektrisches Kontaktelement mit Isoliergehäuse
US4357066A (en) * 1980-05-27 1982-11-02 Ford Motor Company Printed circuit board edge terminal
US4431252A (en) * 1980-05-27 1984-02-14 Ford Motor Company Printed circuit board edge connector
US4627674A (en) * 1983-04-18 1986-12-09 Amp Incorporated Tri-lead connector
US4491381A (en) * 1983-06-23 1985-01-01 Amp Incorporated Electrical panelboard connector
EP0130017A3 (en) * 1983-06-23 1985-11-21 AMP INCORPORATED (a New Jersey corporation) Electrical connector for trilead cable and method of assembly thereof
US4556275A (en) * 1983-06-23 1985-12-03 Amp Incorporated Electrical panelboard connector
US4589718A (en) * 1985-07-24 1986-05-20 Amp Incorporated Pin shroud with locking clip
US4700828A (en) * 1986-07-18 1987-10-20 Dana Corporation Multi-clevis cable connector
US4787866A (en) * 1988-04-14 1988-11-29 Amp Incorporated Connector for unlocking conductive members from conductive pins
US5158485A (en) * 1990-02-21 1992-10-27 Yazaki Corporation Female socket contact
US4971571A (en) * 1990-03-15 1990-11-20 Amp Incorporated Self-locking pin field connector
US20060128233A1 (en) * 2002-10-30 2006-06-15 Naoya Matsuura Electrical terminal having resistance against mating terminal removal
US7086912B2 (en) * 2002-10-30 2006-08-08 Molex Incorporated Electrical terminal having resistance against mating terminal removal
US20050028477A1 (en) * 2003-07-28 2005-02-10 Freyssinet International (Stup) Method for strengthening a structure and associated anchorage unit
US8104246B2 (en) * 2003-07-28 2012-01-31 Freyssinet International (Stup) Method for strengthening a structure and associated anchorage unit
US8333047B2 (en) 2003-07-28 2012-12-18 Freyssinet International (Stup) Method for strengthening a structure and associated anchorage unit
US20050282444A1 (en) * 2004-06-17 2005-12-22 Irish Kenneth G Self-locking wire terminal and shape memory wire termination system
US7491101B2 (en) * 2004-06-17 2009-02-17 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Self-locking wire terminal and shape memory wire termination system
US10727631B2 (en) * 2008-03-14 2020-07-28 Zonit Structured Solutions, Llc Locking electrical receptacle with elongate clamping surfaces

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1309198A (en) 1973-03-07
US3818569A (en) 1974-06-25
NL148198B (nl) 1975-12-15
NL7115437A (OSRAM) 1972-05-29
FR2115996A5 (OSRAM) 1972-07-07
AU3477571A (en) 1973-05-03
DE2156326C3 (de) 1981-01-15
AU460179B2 (en) 1975-04-17
BE775679A (fr) 1972-05-23
DE2156326B2 (de) 1980-04-24
AT318045B (de) 1974-09-25
DE2156326A1 (de) 1972-08-10

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