US3705253A - Furnace wall construction - Google Patents

Furnace wall construction Download PDF

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Publication number
US3705253A
US3705253A US177408A US3705253DA US3705253A US 3705253 A US3705253 A US 3705253A US 177408 A US177408 A US 177408A US 3705253D A US3705253D A US 3705253DA US 3705253 A US3705253 A US 3705253A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
furnace
panels
wall construction
furnace wall
panel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US177408A
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English (en)
Inventor
Gerald W Hicks
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lee Wilson Engineering Co Inc
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Lee Wilson Engineering Co Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lee Wilson Engineering Co Inc filed Critical Lee Wilson Engineering Co Inc
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3705253A publication Critical patent/US3705253A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D11/00—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces
    • F27D11/02—Ohmic resistance heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/62—Heating elements specially adapted for furnaces
    • H05B3/66—Supports or mountings for heaters on or in the wall or roof

Definitions

  • the furnace lining extends over theinside wall of the furnace and includes ceramic panels designed to receive and support electrical resistance elements, such as resistor ribbon or the like.
  • the lining comprises a layer of fibrous ceramic insulating material which is supported on the inside of a furnace outer wall or shell. Headed fastener studs extend through the insulating material and are secured to the furnace shell with their heads 1 spaced therefrom.
  • the ceramic heating element support panels areremovably mounted on the fastener studs and held in place by the headed ends thereof.
  • the Ceramic panels are disposed in horizontal rows whereby the panels of one row rest on and are partially supported by the panels of the row below.
  • heating elements consisting of ribbons or elongated coils of suitable electrical resistant metal, are commonly 'festooned in vertically spaced rows upon supports which project inwardly from the wall of thefurnace.
  • the resistance elements used in electric furnaces have a relatively short usefullife due to failure orburning-out of the element, particularly by localized heating. Localized heating may be occasioned by excessive current density, inadequateor improper heat radiation, or by mechanical defects -or weaknesses in the resistance element. Moreover, in use cracking and other breakage of parts occur due to stresses created along the furnace wall by temperature differentials and/or by expansion and contraction of parts as the 'furnacelheats and cools, or'due to still other causes.
  • the present lining construction for an electric furnace can be easily, quickly and inexpensively installed. Further, the construction minimizes breakage of parts and, when breakage or other failure does occur,-enables replacements to be readily made.
  • the lining comprises a porous, somewhat resilient layer, preferably a ceramic fiber batt, which is laid against the inside of the furnace wall. Headed studs or pins penetrate the fibrous layer and have their penetratingends secured tothe furnace wall as by spot weldingwhile leaving the heads at the opposite ends ofnthe studs sufficientlyspacedfrom theinsulatinglayer toform support means. Ceramic panels, having means to carry electric resistorelements, are removably mounted on the'headed ends of the studs.
  • horizontallydisposed rows of the panels are secured against the insulating layer in sucha manner that the panels of one row contact adjacent panels of other rows.
  • the panels of a lower row thereby assist in supportingthe panelsof the upper, adjacent row.
  • the resilient, compressible nature of the fibrous insulating layer permits it toaccommodate'itself to the structural expansions and contractions which are caused by temperature changes, thus relieving forces which otherwise might result in breaking and cracking of parts. Further, if panel breakageshould occur, itisa simple matter to lift the brokenpanel free of its supporting stud heads and mount a-replacement panel.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical, cross sectional view of an electric annealing furnace having a lining and thehangerpanels of the present invention
  • FIGLZ is a'fragmentary, enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of a portion of the furnace lining of'FIG. l;
  • FIG. 4 but illustrating a modified typefof cavity structure for a panel hanger
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken-online 7-7 of FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 8 is afragmentary, enlarged, vertical cross-sectional view like thatof FIG. 2'but illustrating a modified lining construction
  • FIG. 9 is a front elevational view of one hanger panel taken on the plane of the line9--9 of FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 10 is a fragmentary, enlarged cross-sectional view generally like that of FIG. 2 but illustrating a further'modified lining construction.
  • the present lining construction can be used in all types-ofelectric furnaces where a resistor element is to be mounted, such as in an electric oven, kiln or other industrial furnace.
  • a resistor element is to be mounted, such as in an electric oven, kiln or other industrial furnace.
  • the lining construction is shown and described in connection with a furnace useful in annealing or otherwise .heat treating coils of rod, wire, or the like.
  • an electric furnace generally represented at F includes a metal shell 10 open only at its upper end and suitably supported by pedestals 11.
  • the interior and purpose of the furnace F do not form apart of the present invention and therefore are notdescribedin detail.
  • the open end of shell 10 hasperipherally mounted,cooperating sealing rings 12 and 13 of conventional design.
  • An inner cover 14 suspended from thecover'plate 16 extends into the furnace chamber.
  • Inner cover 14 is a rigid envelope of circular cross-section, closed at its bottom and open at the toptoreceive a support, generally indicated at 15, for
  • the support 15 includes cover plate '16 from which depend downwardly extending, spaced apart bars 18 supporting at their lower ends a circular grating 17.
  • a linerlayer 23 of fibrous insulating material covers the inner sideof furnace'shell l0 and'is held in place by suitable means including spaced,
  • the insulating layer 23 isspreferably made up of resilient, porous batts of ceramic fibers such as glass, slag, asbestos, and the like.
  • each panel 26 is molded in one piece and includes along its back, which contacts insulating liner 23, a series of recessed vertically elongated, undercut cavities 27 and on its exposed front a plurality of projections 28 extending along its upper margin and a plurality of projections 30 extending along its lower margin.
  • Each cavity 27, of which four are shown in each illustrated panel 26, has an opening 31 (FIGS. 4 and sufficiently large to pass a head 25 of a stud 24, the opening narrowing upwardly to a slot 32 having a width slightly'larger than the diameter of a stud 24. Inwardly past the opening 31, the cavity 27 is of uniform size to receive the entire head 25 in both its open lower and undercut upper ends.
  • a panel 26 can be mounted on a stud 24 by moving the panel so that head 25 enters the open lower part of cavity 27 through the opening 31 and then seating the panel by moving the same downwardly so that the shank 24 of the stud enters the slot 32 and the head 25 seats in the undercut upper part of cavity 27 behind the retaining wall portion 27' as clearly shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • a panel may be removed by reversing this procedure.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 illustrate a modified embodiment in which a panel 33 has a substantially square undercut cavity 34 having an opening 35 which narrows to a slot 36.
  • a stud 37 has a T-shaped head 38 which enters the cavity 34 at its widest part and then seats in the upper portion of the cavity behind the slot 36.
  • the projections 28 and 30 on the panels carry and locate anelectrical resistance element such as a ribbon 40.
  • the upper projections 28 have upturned lips 41 to retain the ribbon in place.
  • the lower projections 30 serve to keep the lower loops of the ribbon in place.
  • the ribbon 40 may either pass around a projection 30 as seen in FIG. 3 or between two such adjacent projections.
  • the ribbon 40 in sinuous shape extends horizontally from panel to panel. There may be sufficient number of tiers of panels with electrical resistance elements to cover the entire wall of the furnace as represented in FIG. 1. Suitable external connectors'42 are supplied to energize the ribbons 40 in a manner known in the art. As seen in FIG. 2, the panels 26 of one row may serve at least partially to support the panels of the row next above, so that the weight of that row is not entirely carried by studs 24.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate a modified lining construction in which panels do not have cavities to receive the heads of studs but are still adapted for removable mounting against the insulating layer 23.
  • furnace shell 10 and insulating layer 23 may be the same as previously described, but panels 43 have non-recessed backs which contact the layer 23.
  • Pins 44 penetrate layer 23, are spot welded to the shell 10 like studs 24, and pass outwardly from the layer 23 between horizontally disposed rows of panels 43 as illustrated by FIG. 9. a
  • Cambered or dished washers 45 are centrally pierced and slotted to form tangs 46 and are pushed inwardly over the pointed ends of the pins 44 until the washers press against panels 43 of two adjacent rows.
  • the form of the locking washers is such that, while they may be easily pushed inwardly over the ends of the pins 44. the washers lock against normal outward movement due to the locking action of the inclined, slotted tangs 46 of the washers.
  • the panels 43 have upper projections 47 and lower projections 48 which mutually support an electrical resistance ribbon, as in the case of the embodiment of FIGS. 2 through 5.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates still another modification of a removably mounted support for an electrical resistor.
  • studs 50 penetrate insulating layer 23 and are fixed as by spot welding to shell 10.
  • the outer end of each stud 50 is threaded and has sufficient length to carry a spool 51 which is removably retained in place against layer 23 by a nut 52.
  • An inner flange 53 on the spool 51 seats against the layer 23, while an outer flange 54 retains the electrical resistance ribbon 40 in place.
  • the panels have been shown as substantially flat, it is understood that the panels can be curved in any plane to meet diverse needs of installation.
  • a furnace wall construction including a furnace shell, an insulating liner layer supported on said shell, resistor hanger panel fastening studs penetrating said insulating layer and having one end portion secured to said furnace shell and an opposite end portion extending inwardly beyond said insulating layer, a plurality of ceramic resistor hanger panel members removably mounted on said opposite end portions of said fastening studs and held in position thereby, said panel members having heating element supporting projections extending inwardly away from said insulating layer, and an electrical resistance heating element supported on said projections.
  • the furnace wall construction of claim 1 which includes at least two horizontally disposed rows of said panel members, at least one panel member of a lower row contacting at least one panel member of an upper row and aiding in the support of said last-mentioned panel member.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
US177408A 1971-09-02 1971-09-02 Furnace wall construction Expired - Lifetime US3705253A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US17740871A 1971-09-02 1971-09-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3705253A true US3705253A (en) 1972-12-05

Family

ID=22648481

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US177408A Expired - Lifetime US3705253A (en) 1971-09-02 1971-09-02 Furnace wall construction

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3705253A (fr)
JP (1) JPS4833440A (fr)
CA (1) CA958056A (fr)
DE (1) DE2242780A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2152048A5 (fr)
IT (1) IT967097B (fr)

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4011394A (en) * 1974-07-16 1977-03-08 Donald Percy Shelley Kilns
DE2648542A1 (de) * 1975-10-29 1977-05-05 Gen Electric Wandkonstruktion fuer elektrischen ofen
US4156792A (en) * 1977-09-14 1979-05-29 Bickley Furnaces Incorporated Electric furnace construction
US4233468A (en) * 1978-12-01 1980-11-11 Northup Jr John A Holder attachment for use with furnace hardware
US4272638A (en) * 1979-03-16 1981-06-09 Johns-Manville Corporation Heater element supports for use with fibrous block insulations
US4304129A (en) * 1978-11-13 1981-12-08 Nippon Soken, Inc. Gas flow measuring apparatus
EP0042602A1 (fr) * 1980-06-21 1981-12-30 FAG Feuerungsbau AG Agencement des éléments chauffants dans un four chauffé électriquement
FR2511137A1 (fr) * 1981-08-05 1983-02-11 Lafarge Refractaires Dispositif pour le montage de resistances electriques sur le garnissage des fours
EP0072081A1 (fr) * 1981-08-03 1983-02-16 McKECHNIE REFRACTORY FIBRES LIMITED Module d'isolation thermique pour four électrique et sa fabrication
US4392052A (en) * 1981-04-03 1983-07-05 Bulten-Kanthal Ab Device for carrying electrical resistance elements
US4445024A (en) * 1981-03-24 1984-04-24 Research Technology Canberra Pty. Ltd. Electric kiln
US4573164A (en) * 1984-02-16 1986-02-25 Combustol Industria E Comercio Ltda. Support for electrical resistances of ovens or kilns with ceramic mantle thermal insulation
US4574182A (en) * 1982-11-17 1986-03-04 Piezo-Ceram Electronique Continuous furnace for soldering electronic components
US4595826A (en) * 1982-04-14 1986-06-17 Duran Reginald F Heat treatment furnace and method of construction
EP0199958A1 (fr) * 1985-03-29 1986-11-05 Bloom Engineering (Europa) GmbH Couverture réfractaire de tubes dans les fours de préchauffage
US4667396A (en) * 1984-10-05 1987-05-26 Duran Reginald F Method of construction of a heat treatment furnace
US4927994A (en) * 1989-02-28 1990-05-22 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Modular resistance heater assembly
US5072094A (en) * 1990-09-11 1991-12-10 United States Department Of Energy Tube furnace
US5539183A (en) * 1994-06-29 1996-07-23 Beckley; John P. Vertically fitted portable electric furnace
US20100243644A1 (en) * 2007-09-27 2010-09-30 Hidetoshi Terashima Insulated structure of induction heating coil
CN102560027A (zh) * 2012-01-18 2012-07-11 中冶南方(武汉)威仕工业炉有限公司 立式退火炉中电阻带固定装置
US20170085156A1 (en) * 2015-09-18 2017-03-23 Industrial Technology Research Institute Winding frame structure for motors
US20190305528A1 (en) * 2016-10-26 2019-10-03 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Heated electrical distribution system

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5612560Y2 (fr) * 1975-07-14 1981-03-23
US4154975A (en) * 1977-03-04 1979-05-15 Sauder Industries, Inc. Method and apparatus for supporting electric heating elements in a furnace insulated with ceramic fiber
FR2406793A1 (fr) * 1977-10-24 1979-05-18 Produits Refractaires Dispositif pour supporter un objet le long de la paroi interieure d'un four
FR2461911A1 (fr) * 1979-07-19 1981-02-06 Heurtey Metallurgie Dispositif d'accrochage de pieces metalliques dans une enceinte a haute temperature
DE3807721A1 (de) * 1988-03-09 1989-09-28 Abicht Roland Vorrichtung zur halterung von elektrischen heizleitern in industrieoefen

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1768865A (en) * 1928-05-22 1930-07-01 Hevi Duty Electric Co Heating-element-mounting construction
US3427011A (en) * 1967-11-09 1969-02-11 Battelle Development Corp High pressure furnace

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1768865A (en) * 1928-05-22 1930-07-01 Hevi Duty Electric Co Heating-element-mounting construction
US3427011A (en) * 1967-11-09 1969-02-11 Battelle Development Corp High pressure furnace

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4011394A (en) * 1974-07-16 1977-03-08 Donald Percy Shelley Kilns
DE2648542A1 (de) * 1975-10-29 1977-05-05 Gen Electric Wandkonstruktion fuer elektrischen ofen
US4156792A (en) * 1977-09-14 1979-05-29 Bickley Furnaces Incorporated Electric furnace construction
US4304129A (en) * 1978-11-13 1981-12-08 Nippon Soken, Inc. Gas flow measuring apparatus
US4233468A (en) * 1978-12-01 1980-11-11 Northup Jr John A Holder attachment for use with furnace hardware
US4272638A (en) * 1979-03-16 1981-06-09 Johns-Manville Corporation Heater element supports for use with fibrous block insulations
EP0042602A1 (fr) * 1980-06-21 1981-12-30 FAG Feuerungsbau AG Agencement des éléments chauffants dans un four chauffé électriquement
US4445024A (en) * 1981-03-24 1984-04-24 Research Technology Canberra Pty. Ltd. Electric kiln
US4392052A (en) * 1981-04-03 1983-07-05 Bulten-Kanthal Ab Device for carrying electrical resistance elements
EP0072081A1 (fr) * 1981-08-03 1983-02-16 McKECHNIE REFRACTORY FIBRES LIMITED Module d'isolation thermique pour four électrique et sa fabrication
FR2511137A1 (fr) * 1981-08-05 1983-02-11 Lafarge Refractaires Dispositif pour le montage de resistances electriques sur le garnissage des fours
US4595826A (en) * 1982-04-14 1986-06-17 Duran Reginald F Heat treatment furnace and method of construction
US4574182A (en) * 1982-11-17 1986-03-04 Piezo-Ceram Electronique Continuous furnace for soldering electronic components
US4573164A (en) * 1984-02-16 1986-02-25 Combustol Industria E Comercio Ltda. Support for electrical resistances of ovens or kilns with ceramic mantle thermal insulation
US4667396A (en) * 1984-10-05 1987-05-26 Duran Reginald F Method of construction of a heat treatment furnace
EP0199958A1 (fr) * 1985-03-29 1986-11-05 Bloom Engineering (Europa) GmbH Couverture réfractaire de tubes dans les fours de préchauffage
US4927994A (en) * 1989-02-28 1990-05-22 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Modular resistance heater assembly
US5072094A (en) * 1990-09-11 1991-12-10 United States Department Of Energy Tube furnace
US5539183A (en) * 1994-06-29 1996-07-23 Beckley; John P. Vertically fitted portable electric furnace
US20100243644A1 (en) * 2007-09-27 2010-09-30 Hidetoshi Terashima Insulated structure of induction heating coil
US10080261B2 (en) * 2007-09-27 2018-09-18 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Insulated structure of induction heating coil
CN102560027A (zh) * 2012-01-18 2012-07-11 中冶南方(武汉)威仕工业炉有限公司 立式退火炉中电阻带固定装置
US20170085156A1 (en) * 2015-09-18 2017-03-23 Industrial Technology Research Institute Winding frame structure for motors
US10141818B2 (en) * 2015-09-18 2018-11-27 Industrial Technology Research Institute Winding frame structure for motors
US20190305528A1 (en) * 2016-10-26 2019-10-03 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Heated electrical distribution system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4833440A (fr) 1973-05-10
DE2242780A1 (de) 1973-03-22
IT967097B (it) 1974-02-28
CA958056A (en) 1974-11-19
FR2152048A5 (fr) 1973-04-20

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