US3703754A - Process for producing textured thermoplastic yarns - Google Patents

Process for producing textured thermoplastic yarns Download PDF

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Publication number
US3703754A
US3703754A US56880A US3703754DA US3703754A US 3703754 A US3703754 A US 3703754A US 56880 A US56880 A US 56880A US 3703754D A US3703754D A US 3703754DA US 3703754 A US3703754 A US 3703754A
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United States
Prior art keywords
yarn
fluid
pressure
tubular chamber
crimping
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Expired - Lifetime
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US56880A
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English (en)
Inventor
Charles Blanc
Jean Joly
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Rhodiaceta SA
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Rhodiaceta SA
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/12—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using stuffer boxes
    • D02G1/122—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using stuffer boxes introducing the filaments in the stuffer box by means of a fluid jet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/12—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using stuffer boxes
    • D02G1/125—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using stuffer boxes including means for monitoring or controlling yarn processing

Definitions

  • n12 Thqapvaraws for effecting Such process Comprises a 58 Field of Search ..28/72.l1, 72.12, 72.14 SW10" nozzle consuwilng a Passage q the X and n a delivery tube for adnussion of pressurized fiLlld, a tu- 56 R f bular chamber communicating with the nozzle, and l erences Cl having orifices therein, a housing defining a closed UNITED STATES PATENTS space enclosing at least a portion. of the length of the 1 tubular chamber and having a pressure regulation 3343240 9/1967 7 I 4 X system associated therewith, and means for control- 3 576 058 4/1971 b 28/72 H x ling the discharge of the treated yarn.
  • INVENTORS CHARLES BLANC JEAN JOLY ATTORNEYS PROCESS FOR PRODUCING TEXTURED THERMOPLASTIC YARNS particularly the present invention is directed to an improved process and apparatus wherein a compacted and compressed yarn is produced under the influence of a compressed heated fluid wherein a portion of the fluid affects the movement of the yarn and a further portion escapes from the side of the apparatus.
  • the oldest such method consists in subjecting the filaments to an overtwist, which is set, generally by a thermal treatment, and then to an untwisting, these successive operations being carried out continuously if the false-twist process is employed.
  • a heated yarn is passed over a knife-edge along an acute-angled path, of which the apex is situated at the knife-edge. It is also known to produce bulky yarns having loops, by passing a multifilament yarn through a current of compressed fluid actuated with a whirling movement.
  • stuffer crimping Another known method of crimping continuous yarns, known as stuffer crimping, consists in stuffing the yarns under pressure in a confining crimping chamber provided at its outlet with a tiltable or hinged flap or other counterpressure device, the deformations obtained being set by thermal treatment, usually within the crimping chamber.
  • the stuffer crimping process has the advantage that it gives a high-bulk yarn having no loops (which often give the made-up articles a rough feel) and of which the elasticity, which is appreciably lower than that of yarns treated by the first two processes referred to above, is very suitable for the production of many articles of clothing, notably sweaters.
  • industrial application of such procedure has the disadvantage that the procedure produces a yarn whose filaments have an inphase crimp and which, in addition, possess irregularities in dyeing affinity.
  • the yarn is introduced with the aid of a pair of rollers into a crimping chamber in which it becomes accumulated until its pressure is sufficient to overcome the pressure of the counter-pressure device preventing it from leaving the chamber.
  • the apparatus employed comprises a number of moving mechanical parts, which is always a disadvantage when it is desired to operate at high speed.
  • the yarn which is crimped by the fluid treatment can have a core yarn associated therewith so as to permit a more consistent bunching and a better heat setting of the yarn.
  • a process is the objectof U.S. Pat. No. 3,438,105.
  • the use of such a core yarn as set forth in U.S. Pat. No. 3,438,105 has been found annoying in connection with the bunching operation for as the texturizing speed increases, the treatment becomes more and more difficult due to the presence of the core yarn.
  • thermoplastic yarn can be obtained by compacting and compressing yarn in an enclosed space by means of a flow of compressed fluid heated at a temperature that allows the fixing of the yarn wherein a portion of the fluid insures the movement of the yarn and a further portion escapes to the side from the enclosed space, such process being characterized in that the escape of fluid is effected at least in part at a pressure which is lower than the feed pressure, but higher than atmospheric pressure.
  • thermoplastic yarns which process and apparatus eliminate the inherent deficiencies of previously utilized systems.
  • Yet a further object of the present invention comprises an apparatus for effecting the production of very springy, texturized thermoplastic yarns by compacting and compressing the yarn in an enclosed space by means of a flow of compressed fluid
  • such apparatus comprising a suction nozzle, a tubular chamber communicating with the nozzle, said chamber having orifices therein, a closed space enclosing at least a portion of the length of the tubular chamber, means to control the pressure regulation of the system and means to control the discharge of the treated material.
  • thermoplastic yarn can be obtained by compacting and compressing yarn in an enclosed space by means of a flow of compressed fluid heated at a temperature that allows for the fixing of the yarn wherein a portion of the fluid assures the movement of the yarn and another portion escapes to the side of the enclosed space, the process being particularly characterized in that such escape of fluid is effected at least in part at a pressure which is lower than the feed pressure but higher than atmospheric pressure.
  • thermofixing means it was discovered in accordance with the present invention that by allowing the fluid to escape not directly into the atmosphere, but into a contained space kept at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure, it is possible to obtain an excellent setting of the yarn at a high speed.
  • the pressure of the escaping fluid is preferably less than half the feed pressure, although, again, it is necessary in accordance with the present invention that the pressure of the escaping fluid be greater than atmospheric pressure.
  • the fluid does not escape directly into the atmosphere as with previous processes, but, rather, the fluid escapes into a contained space kept at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure.
  • the fluid medium which is employed in accordance with the present invention is advantageously saturated steam.
  • the fluid which is used in the crimping process may comprise hot air under pressure or a suitable liquid under pressure in addition to the saturated steam under pressure.
  • saturated steam as set forth above is particularly advantageous.
  • the filaments which are crimped in accordance with the present invention include both single continuous filaments and groups of continuous filaments or short fibers, for example, tows, yarns, and groups of yarns composed of filaments having the same or different count, cross-section or composition.
  • the filaments which are usable in accordance with the present invention may be those which have come directly from the spinning machine, or, may have undergone preliminary treatments of well known types which do not in any way interfere with the crimping process of the present invention.
  • the process and apparatus of the present invention are specifically adapted for the crimping of thermoplastic filaments.
  • the present invention is applicable to any and all thermoplastic filaments having sufficient strength to withstand the action of the current of fluid in accordance with the present invention without breaking.
  • Such filaments are, for example, the artificial and synthetic filaments based upon cellulose acetate and tri-acetate, polyamides; polyesters, polyolefins, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl derivatives, etc.
  • the operating conditions such as temperature and the pressure of the heating fluid depend upon the nature of the filaments, their count, and also their speed of travel. In accordance with the present invention, however, thetemperature of the heating fluid must be such as to set the filaments under the operating conditions employed.
  • the process of the present invention may be applied to various types of filaments including for example, those single continuous filaments and groups of continuous filaments or short fibers in the forms of tows, etc. Accordingly, by utilizing various types of filaments in accordance with the process of the present invention, various fancy yarns can be obtained. Such production of fancy yarns utilizing a fluid crimping means is discussed in more detail in US. Pat. No. 3,373,470, the disclosure of which is herein incorporated by reference.
  • the process of the present invention is carried out in connection with apparatus which comprises: a suction nozzle providing a passage for the yarn and a delivery tube for admission of pressurized fluid; a tubular chamber communicating with such nozzle, said chamber providing orifices; a closed space enclosing at least a portion of the length of the tubular chamber, such closed space being associated with a pressure regulated system or means; and means for the control of the discharge of the treated material.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagramatic cross-sectional view illustrating one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a further diagramatic cross-sectional view illustrating another embodiment of the present invention.
  • a yarn l is introduced into the longitudinal passage 2 of a nozzle 3.
  • the crimping fluid i.e. saturated steam is introduced into nozzle 3 through passage 4
  • the crimping fluid, i.e. steam introduced through passage 4 be at a pressure of from about 4 bars to bars. It should be obvious however that the specific pressure utilized depends upon many variables, including the degree of crimping desired, the nature of the thennoplastic yarn filaments, and the dimensions of the crimping zone.
  • the temperature of the crimping fluid is generally within the range of 150C to 183C although slightly higher or crimping fluid through the space defined by tubular chamber 5.
  • tubular chamber 5 is furnished with orifices 6 through which the crimping fluid escapes into a confined space 7.
  • the pressure in confined space 7 is regulated to be higher than atmospheric pressure, the pressure being maintained in the confined space through a pressure regulating means 8 of any known conventional type.
  • the pressure within the confined space 7 is preferably less than one-half of the feed pressure, i.e., the pressure of the crimping fluid introduced through passage 4. Accordingly, the pressure within confined space 7 is generally within the range of from about 0.5 bars to about 4 bars.
  • the crimped or compacted thermoplastic material 9 exits from the tubular chamber 5 at a speed which is controlled by two rollers 10 and 11.
  • the process and apparatus of the present invention that at least a portion of the compacting or crimping fluid escapes into a confined space maintained at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure and, the fluid does not escape directly into the atmosphere.
  • the major portion of the compacting fluid will escape through orifices 6 into the confined space 7 and will not exit or escape at the outlet end of tubular chamber 5.
  • FIG. 2 A modification of the apparatus of FIG. 1 is illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • a yarn l is introduced into the longitudinal passage 2 of a nozzle 3.
  • the crimping fluid i.e. saturated steam is introduced into nozzle 3 through a passage 4 in the same manner as described in connection with FIG. 1.
  • tubular chamber 5 is furnished with orifices 6 through which the crimping fluid escapes into a confined space 7.
  • the pressure in confined space 7 is regulated to be higher than atmospheric pressure, the pressure being maintained in the confined space through a pressure regulating means 8 of any known conventional type.
  • the means for controlling the egress of the crimped thermoplastic yarns constitute a tube 12 which extends the tubular chamber 5 beyond the confined space 7 into which the crimping fluid escapes.
  • such tube 12 further contains orifices 13 which again allow for the further escape of any additional crimping fluid directly into the atmosphere.
  • the major proportion of the crimping fluid will escape from tubular chamber 5 through orifices 6 into confined space 7 maintained at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure and preferably less than one-half of the pressure of the crimping fluid.
  • EXAMPLES 1 to 7 In these examples the apparatus of FIG. 1 was used, the apparatus having an overall length of about 50 cm. The texturizing fluid was saturated steam.
  • a sample of 10 meters of yarn to be tested was treated for minutes at 130C in saturated steam in an enclosure. Then, a length of 50 cm of yarn taken from this sample was loaded by 0.045 g/dtex (0.05 g/den) calculated before texturizing. The length L, of the yarn was then measured.
  • the load was replaced by a lesser load of 0.0009 g/dtex (0.001 g/den) on the yarn before texturizing. This load was maintained for 1 hour and then the length L of the yarn was measured.
  • the elasticity of the yarn is given by the following formula:
  • EXAMPLE 10 In this example, the effect of pressure P is shown.
  • Table 3 which follows gives the values of pressures P, and P and of the corresponding degree of influence of the thermal treatment for the same rate of texturizing, namely 1,000 m/mn. 1
  • EXAMPLE 1 1 EXAMPLE 12
  • the apparatus of FIG. 2 was used with .an overall length of 560 mm, the length of tube 12 being 120 mm.
  • Example 12 this texturiaing process as shown by Example 12 allows work at texturizing rates that are quite unusual with normal texturizing pressures.
  • thermoplastic texturized yarn comprising compacting and compressing a yarn in a tubular chamber by means of a flow of compressed fluid, said tubular chamber being defined by a continuous wall of uniform dimensions on the one hand, it makes use of the texturizing fluid it- 1 throughout the length thereof contacting the yarn and having openings along the length thereof, fixing the yarn in said tubular chamber by said fluid being heated to fixing temperature for the yarn, supplying said.
US56880A 1969-07-24 1970-07-21 Process for producing textured thermoplastic yarns Expired - Lifetime US3703754A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR6925277A FR2052161A5 (fr) 1969-07-24 1969-07-24

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US (1) US3703754A (fr)
JP (1) JPS556738B1 (fr)
BE (1) BE753841A (fr)
CA (1) CA918392A (fr)
CH (3) CH1120870A4 (fr)
DE (2) DE2036856B2 (fr)
ES (1) ES382164A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2052161A5 (fr)
GB (1) GB1300379A (fr)
LU (1) LU61391A1 (fr)
NL (1) NL168572C (fr)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3827113A (en) * 1970-10-15 1974-08-06 Rhodiaceta Process for simultaneously texturizing a plurality of yarns
US3895420A (en) * 1972-04-10 1975-07-22 Hoechst Ag Process for crimping filaments and yarns
US3896529A (en) * 1973-03-22 1975-07-29 Textured Yarn Co Strand treatment apparatus
US3911538A (en) * 1970-10-15 1975-10-14 Rhone Poulenc Textile Apparatus for texturizing a plurality of yarns simultaneously
US3946133A (en) * 1971-10-13 1976-03-23 Rhone-Poulenc-Textile Sa Elongated textile product
US3955253A (en) * 1973-10-11 1976-05-11 Textured Yarn Co. Strand treatment apparatus
US3978560A (en) * 1973-10-11 1976-09-07 Techniservice Corporation Strand treatment apparatus
US3988882A (en) * 1974-06-10 1976-11-02 Rhone-Poulenc-Textile Method and apparatus for simultaneously texturizing and cutting continuous yarns
USRE29774E (en) * 1970-10-15 1978-09-19 Rhone-Poulenc-Textile Elongated textile product
US4346504A (en) * 1980-07-11 1982-08-31 Hoechst Fibers Industries Yarn forwarding and drawing apparatus
US4676769A (en) * 1984-11-10 1987-06-30 Hauni-Werke Korber & Co. Kg Method and apparatus for regulating the resistance of filter rod sections to the flow of gases therethrough
CN104040053A (zh) * 2012-01-07 2014-09-10 欧瑞康纺织有限及两合公司 用于多纤维长丝卷曲变形的方法和设备
US20150152577A1 (en) * 2013-12-03 2015-06-04 Saurer Germany Gmbh & Co. Kg Method and device for continuously processing a thread-like material

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1364062A (en) * 1971-08-04 1974-08-21 Ici Ltd Filamentary tow setting apparatus
FR2217441B1 (fr) * 1973-02-08 1975-03-07 Rhone Poulenc Textile
DE2424302C2 (de) * 1974-05-18 1983-09-15 Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt Verfahren zum Regeln der Fadenspannung
DE2828306C2 (de) * 1978-06-28 1982-07-08 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Vorrichtung zum Blastexturieren thermoplatischen Textilgarns
GB2187481B (en) * 1986-03-24 1989-12-06 Sipa Societa Italiana Prodotti Process for shrinking thermically shrinkable fibres
DE19955227A1 (de) * 1999-11-17 2001-05-23 Rieter Ag Maschf Texturierdüse
DE10043002A1 (de) * 2000-09-01 2002-03-14 Rieter Ag Maschf Texturierdüse
DE10202788A1 (de) 2002-01-25 2003-07-31 Rieter Ag Maschf Texturieranlage und Texturierdüse hierfür

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3343240A (en) * 1963-12-27 1967-09-26 Snia Viscosa Method and apparatus for bulking synthetic fibers
US3576058A (en) * 1968-04-11 1971-04-27 Glanzstoff Ag Process and apparatus for the continuous compression crimping and setting of a multifilament yarn

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3343240A (en) * 1963-12-27 1967-09-26 Snia Viscosa Method and apparatus for bulking synthetic fibers
US3576058A (en) * 1968-04-11 1971-04-27 Glanzstoff Ag Process and apparatus for the continuous compression crimping and setting of a multifilament yarn

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3827113A (en) * 1970-10-15 1974-08-06 Rhodiaceta Process for simultaneously texturizing a plurality of yarns
US3911538A (en) * 1970-10-15 1975-10-14 Rhone Poulenc Textile Apparatus for texturizing a plurality of yarns simultaneously
USRE29774E (en) * 1970-10-15 1978-09-19 Rhone-Poulenc-Textile Elongated textile product
US3946133A (en) * 1971-10-13 1976-03-23 Rhone-Poulenc-Textile Sa Elongated textile product
US3895420A (en) * 1972-04-10 1975-07-22 Hoechst Ag Process for crimping filaments and yarns
US3896529A (en) * 1973-03-22 1975-07-29 Textured Yarn Co Strand treatment apparatus
US3978560A (en) * 1973-10-11 1976-09-07 Techniservice Corporation Strand treatment apparatus
US3955253A (en) * 1973-10-11 1976-05-11 Textured Yarn Co. Strand treatment apparatus
US3988882A (en) * 1974-06-10 1976-11-02 Rhone-Poulenc-Textile Method and apparatus for simultaneously texturizing and cutting continuous yarns
US4346504A (en) * 1980-07-11 1982-08-31 Hoechst Fibers Industries Yarn forwarding and drawing apparatus
US4676769A (en) * 1984-11-10 1987-06-30 Hauni-Werke Korber & Co. Kg Method and apparatus for regulating the resistance of filter rod sections to the flow of gases therethrough
CN104040053A (zh) * 2012-01-07 2014-09-10 欧瑞康纺织有限及两合公司 用于多纤维长丝卷曲变形的方法和设备
CN104040053B (zh) * 2012-01-07 2017-02-01 欧瑞康纺织有限及两合公司 用于多纤维长丝卷曲变形的方法和设备
US20150152577A1 (en) * 2013-12-03 2015-06-04 Saurer Germany Gmbh & Co. Kg Method and device for continuously processing a thread-like material
US9790623B2 (en) * 2013-12-03 2017-10-17 Saurer Germany Gmbh & Co. Kg Device for continuously processing a thread-like material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL168572B (nl) 1981-11-16
ES382164A1 (es) 1972-11-01
CA918392A (en) 1973-01-09
DE2065805A1 (de) 1976-03-25
DE2036856B2 (de) 1974-05-16
CH1120870A4 (fr) 1974-02-15
CH551508A (fr) 1974-07-15
DE2036856A1 (de) 1971-02-04
LU61391A1 (fr) 1970-09-23
JPS556738B1 (fr) 1980-02-19
NL168572C (nl) 1982-04-16
GB1300379A (en) 1972-12-20
BE753841A (fr) 1971-01-25
NL7011008A (fr) 1971-01-26
CH545359A (fr) 1974-01-31
FR2052161A5 (fr) 1971-04-09

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