US3703578A - Tooth paste having improved tooth cleaning properties - Google Patents

Tooth paste having improved tooth cleaning properties Download PDF

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Publication number
US3703578A
US3703578A US31789A US3703578DA US3703578A US 3703578 A US3703578 A US 3703578A US 31789 A US31789 A US 31789A US 3703578D A US3703578D A US 3703578DA US 3703578 A US3703578 A US 3703578A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
toothpaste
weight
toothpastes
water
tooth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US31789A
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English (en)
Inventor
John A Cella
William H Schmitt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alberto Culver Co
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Alberto Culver Co
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Publication date
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Publication of US3703578A publication Critical patent/US3703578A/en
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
    • A61K8/20—Halogens; Compounds thereof
    • A61K8/21—Fluorides; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
    • A61K8/22—Peroxides; Oxygen; Ozone
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K8/84—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions otherwise than those involving only carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • A61K8/86—Polyethers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q11/00—Preparations for care of the teeth, of the oral cavity or of dentures; Dentifrices, e.g. toothpastes; Mouth rinses

Definitions

  • the invention relates to improved toothpastes which are characterized by substantially enhanced cleaning properties, with low abrasion characteristics.
  • the toothpastes of the present invention are of the type which do not generate sensible heat on contact with water nor generate oxygen on contact with water. In this sense, they may be considered to be toothpastes of conventional character except for the improvements which are brought about by the present invention.
  • Conventional toothpaste formulations comprise a mixture of a number of solid ingredients with a mixture of a number of liquid ingredients all of which, together, produce a product of suitable paste consistency.
  • the solid ingredients of the toothpaste formulation comprise one or more abrasives, and, in certain cases, detergents and miscellaneous ingredients such as gums, sweeteners, thickeners, etc., the abrasive constituting at least the major proportion, that is, in excess of 50% by weight, of the total of the solid ingredients of the toothpaste formulation.
  • the liquid ingredients of the toothpaste formulation usually comprise water, humectant, and, commonly, very minor constituents such as flavors or flavoring oils.
  • Periodont 311386-392, 1960 found that toothbrushing without the use of a dentifrice resulted in pellicle formation in 93% of the subjects after a five week study compared to only 9% when a dentifrice was used. Kitchin and Robinson, in their evaluation of the ability of commercial dentifrices to prevent pellicle formation, suggested that the cleaning ability was related to abrasiveness to dentin.
  • the abrasiveness of a dentifrice has most recently been determined by the so-called RDA method of Grabenstetter, et al., in their paper The Measurement of the Abrasion of Human Teeth by Dentifrice Abrasion: A Test Utilizing Radioactive Teeth, J. Dent. Res. 37: 1060-1068, 1958.
  • This method utilizes freshly extracted human teeth, which are irradiated, producing the radio nuclide, P, a high energy beta emitter with a half life of 14.3 days. This irradiated tooth is brushed with a mechanical toothbrush, across the dentin.
  • Using a mica end-window Geiger-Muller counter for which the background estimated activity of a dried P source is 10- microeuries it is possible to determine 10- g. of worn dentin in the abrasive slurry.
  • the present invention is based upon enhancing the cleaning and luster of teeth by means of the incorporation into a toothpaste, which contains a major proportion of one or more mild abrasives based on the weight of the solids of the toothpaste formulation, and at least 20%, by weight of the total of the liquid ingredients of the toothpaste formulation, of one or more polyoxyalkyleneglycols described in detail below. While the polyoxyalkyleneglycols may constitute the total of the liquid ingredients of the toothpaste, it is generally more desirable that they constitute only a part of the liquid ingredients of the toothpaste formulation, not less than 20% by Weight of said liquid ingredients and, better still, from 35% to 60% of the total weight of the liquid ingredients of the toothpaste. Based on the weight of the finished toothpaste, the polyoxyalkyleneglycols will usually most desirably comprise from about 20% to about 30% although the percentages may be somewhat lower, usually not below about 15%, or somewhat higher, usually not more than 45%.
  • the polyoxyalkyleneglycols employed must be watersoluble and particularly desirable, but not necessarily, liquids at room temperatures.
  • Various of them can be represented by the formula where Alk is an alkylene radical containing from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, namely, ethylene, propylene or butylene, especially ethylene, and n is an integer such that the molecular weight of the polyoxyalkyleneglycol is at least 200 and so that the polyoxyalkyleneglycol is reasonably water-soluble or is soluble in the liquid ingredients of the toothpaste formulation.
  • the subscript n is at least 4 and can be materially greater than 4 and, indeed, up to the point where the polyoxyethyleneglycol is a solid at room temperature.
  • Illustrative polyoxyalkyleneglycols which are useful in the production of toothpastes in accordance with our invention are polyoxyethyleneglycols having molecular Weights of about 200, 350, 400, 500, 600, 800 and 1,000 and, as stated above, still higher; tetraoxypropyleneglycol, pentaoxypropyleneglycol and tetraoxybutyleneglycol. Mixtures of the aforesaid polyoxyalkyleneglycols can also be utilized.
  • polyoxyalkyleneglycols can be used in which there are present ethoxy and propoxy groups, or ethoxy and butoxy groups, or propoxy and butoxy groups, or all three of such groups as, for instance, 1 mole of dioxyethyleneglycol adducted with 3 moles of propylene oxide; 1 mole of polyoxyethyleneglycol 400 adducted with 1 mole of propylene oxide; 1 mole of dioxypropyleneglycol adducted with 6 moles of ethylene oxide, and the like. Particularly satisfactory are polyoxyethyleneglycols having molecular Weights between about 400 and about 800.
  • polyoxyethyleneglycols in any given toothpaste formulation made in accordance with the present invention, a smaller proportion of higher polyoxyethyleneglycols, such as those of a molecular weight of about 2,000 to about 6,000, generally in the range of about to 12% by weight of the toothpaste.
  • the polyoxyalkyleneglycols utilized pursuant to the present invention are not surfactants or surface active agents in the sense of which such terms are commonly used in the art.
  • the polyoxyalkyleneglycols employed in the practice of the present invention will, in a 1% solution in water at 25 C., not reduce the surface tension of water to below 45 dynes/cm.
  • the dry ingredients of the toothpastes of our invention contain one or more abrasive such as precipitated calcium carbonate, dibasic calcium phosphate, tribasic calcium phosphate, calcium pyrophosphate, calcium sulfate, hydrated alumina, insoluble sodium metaphosphate, and the like, the abrasive constituting the major proportion of the total of the dry ingredients or the major proportion of the total of the solids of the toothpaste formulation.
  • the RDA value of the abrasives selected should not be in excess of 200 for best results in accordance with the present invention.
  • detergents or surfactants include, by way of illustration, soaps, sodium lauryl sulfoacetate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sulfocolaurate, sodium salts of sulfated monoglyceride (of coconut oil fatty acids), and sodium N-lauroyl sarcosinate.
  • binders which are usually hydrophilic colloids.
  • binders are, for instance, gum arabic, ghatti, gum karaya, gum tragacanth, Irish moss, (Na) alginates, bentonite, Veegum, methyl cellulose and sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
  • metallic, particularly aluminum, soaps of fat-forming fatty acids, especially aluminum octoate are exceptionally satisfactory. Indeed, in those instances where aluminum soaps, such as aluminum octoate, are employed, they appear to coact with the polyoxyalkyleneglycols to further enhance the polish and luster of the brushed teeth.
  • the liquid ingredients of the toothpastes of our invention desirably also include one or more of glycerin, propylene glycol and sorbitol solutions, or mixtures of the same, which are utilized for, in addition to their wellknown humectant properties, their ability to improve taste and mouth feel.
  • it may be desirable to include small proportions of water which, generally, will not be in excess of about 5% but, in certain cases, may be appreciably greater, of the weight of the liquid ingredients of the formulation, in the toothpaste formulations of our invention.
  • the water serves mainly to counteract or reduce possible adverse tastes that may otherwise tend to be imparted to the toothpaste by particular polyoxyalkyleneglycols which are utilized in said toothpastes.
  • supplemental ingredients can, of course, be incorporated into the toothpastes to obtain particular effects and they may be of liquid or solid character.
  • supplemental ingredients are perfumes, dyes or other colorants, antidecay agents such as fluorides and stannous salts, and enzymes, etc.
  • Maprofix 563 anhydrous sodium lauryl sulfate 1.5 Flavoring 1 Any suitable procedure can be used to produce the toothpaste from the above formulation.
  • One suitable way is to place the first three listed ingredients into a mixer and heat to about 55 to 60 C. to melt the polyoxyethyleneglycol 4000. The mixture is transferred to another container and allowed to cool to about 35 C. under conditions of mixing. The dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, the sodium saccharin, the methyl Paraben and the propyl Paraben are then blended in, with stirring, then the aluminum octoate is added, a vacuum of about 25" is drawn and mixing is effected at high speed for about 20 minutes after which the Maprofix 563 is added. The mixing is continued under stirring for about 3 to 5 minutes. The temperature rises to about 50 C. during the two last-mentioned mixing steps. The flavoring is mixed in, and then the mixture is pumped into a large tank from which it is filled into conventional toothpaste containers.
  • the binder previously wetted with the humectants, is admixed, under slight heating if desired, with and dispersed in the remaining liquid portion of the toothpaste formulation (except for the flavoring) containing the sodium saccharin and such preservative as may be utilized.
  • the resulting gel is then admixed, in a suitable mixer, with the abrasive, the latter being added gradually to the gel, until homogeneity is obtained.
  • the flavor and the detergent are added and mixed uniformly through the mass. The latter may then be milled, deaerated, and filled into toothpaste tubes.
  • Toothpaste of Commercial demonstrates that the cleaning ability of the low RDA value mild abrasive dentifrice made in accordance with the present invention was at least as good as that of the high RDA value strongly abrasive dentifrice.
  • nonaqueous toothpastes of the self-heating type containing finely divided solid adsorbent materials capable of sorbing water exothermically, such as silica gel, and a liquid nonaqueous vehicle which is inert to said adsorbent particles, such as polyoxyethyleneglycols and polyoxypropyleneglycols which melt at temperatures no higher than 75 C., such vehicles being employed in small proportions in the toothpaste, generally of the order of less than 3%.
  • finely divided solid adsorbent materials capable of sorbing water exothermically, such as silica gel
  • a liquid nonaqueous vehicle which is inert to said adsorbent particles, such as polyoxyethyleneglycols and polyoxypropyleneglycols which melt at temperatures no higher than 75 C., such vehicles being employed in small proportions in the toothpaste, generally of the order of less than 3%.
  • toothpaste as used in the claims, will be understood to mean toothpastes which are not of the selfheating type and are not of the oxygen-liberating type.
  • a toothpaste containing (a) a major proportion of a toothpaste abrasive based on the weight of the solids of said toothpaste, said toothpaste abrasive having an RDA value of not more than 400, (b) at least one paste-forming ingredient, and (c) at least 20%, by weight of the total of the liquid ingredients of said toothplaste, of at least one water-soluble polyoxyalkyleneglycol having a molecular weight of at least 200, the alkylene radicals of said polyoxyalkyleneglycol containing from 2 to 4 carbon atoms,
  • polyoxyalkyleneglycol constituting at least about by weight of the toothpaste, and an aluminum soap of a fat-forming fatty acid.
  • a toothpaste containing (a) a major proportion of an abrasive based on the weight of the solids of said toothpaste, said brasive having an RDA value of not more than 200, (b) an aluminum soap of a fat-forming fatty acid, and (c) at least 20% by weight of the total of the liquid ingredients of said toothpaste of a water-soluble polyoxyalkyleneglycol, said polyoxyalkyleneglycol comprising a mixture of polyoxyethyleneglycols and wherein said toothpaste contains from about 30 to about of polyoxyethyleneglycol 400, based on the weight of the total of the liquid ingredients of the toothpaste, and from about 5 to about 12% of polyoxyethyleneglycol 4000 based on the weight of said toothpaste.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)
US31789A 1970-04-24 1970-04-24 Tooth paste having improved tooth cleaning properties Expired - Lifetime US3703578A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US3178970A 1970-04-24 1970-04-24

Publications (1)

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US (1) US3703578A (cs)
CA (1) CA937869A (cs)
DE (1) DE2119108A1 (cs)
DK (1) DK131127B (cs)
GB (1) GB1332556A (cs)
IT (1) IT1034024B (cs)
SE (1) SE375692B (cs)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3885028A (en) * 1970-04-24 1975-05-20 Alberto Culver Co Fluoride-containing toothpaste
US3934000A (en) * 1972-10-30 1976-01-20 Colgate-Palmolive Company Toothpastes
US4071615A (en) * 1974-08-30 1978-01-31 Colgate Palmolive Company Flavored dentifrice
US4269822A (en) * 1979-07-20 1981-05-26 Laclede Professional Products, Inc. Antiseptic dentifrice
US4340628A (en) * 1979-01-25 1982-07-20 Gilbertson John R Antibacterial agent and method
US4372978A (en) * 1979-11-26 1983-02-08 University Of Pittsburgh Antibacterial agent and method
US4623537A (en) * 1984-06-20 1986-11-18 Union Carbide Corporation Oral hygiene compositions
US4897258A (en) * 1987-01-12 1990-01-30 Peroxydent Group Periodontal composition and method
US5614174A (en) * 1994-11-14 1997-03-25 Colgate Palmolive Company Stabilized dentifrice compositions containing reactive ingredients
WO1999000107A1 (en) * 1997-06-26 1999-01-07 Pardini Alan A Oral anti-acid paste and methods of use
CN102946847A (zh) * 2010-06-23 2013-02-27 荷兰联合利华有限公司 非水性口腔护理组合物
WO2013033090A1 (en) * 2011-09-01 2013-03-07 The Procter & Gamble Company Oral care compositions with improved rheology
US11786762B2 (en) * 2019-02-01 2023-10-17 Colgate-Palmolive Company Preservative systems for oral care compositions

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8526093D0 (en) * 1985-10-22 1985-11-27 Beecham Group Plc Composition
KR100704585B1 (ko) * 2006-09-25 2007-04-09 주식회사 살림원 치약 조성물

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3885028A (en) * 1970-04-24 1975-05-20 Alberto Culver Co Fluoride-containing toothpaste
US3934000A (en) * 1972-10-30 1976-01-20 Colgate-Palmolive Company Toothpastes
US4071615A (en) * 1974-08-30 1978-01-31 Colgate Palmolive Company Flavored dentifrice
US4340628A (en) * 1979-01-25 1982-07-20 Gilbertson John R Antibacterial agent and method
US4269822A (en) * 1979-07-20 1981-05-26 Laclede Professional Products, Inc. Antiseptic dentifrice
US4372978A (en) * 1979-11-26 1983-02-08 University Of Pittsburgh Antibacterial agent and method
US4623537A (en) * 1984-06-20 1986-11-18 Union Carbide Corporation Oral hygiene compositions
US4897258A (en) * 1987-01-12 1990-01-30 Peroxydent Group Periodontal composition and method
US5614174A (en) * 1994-11-14 1997-03-25 Colgate Palmolive Company Stabilized dentifrice compositions containing reactive ingredients
WO1999000107A1 (en) * 1997-06-26 1999-01-07 Pardini Alan A Oral anti-acid paste and methods of use
US5874065A (en) * 1997-06-26 1999-02-23 Pardini; Alan A. Oral anti-acid paste and methods of use
CN102946847A (zh) * 2010-06-23 2013-02-27 荷兰联合利华有限公司 非水性口腔护理组合物
CN102946847B (zh) * 2010-06-23 2016-08-24 荷兰联合利华有限公司 非水性口腔护理组合物
WO2013033090A1 (en) * 2011-09-01 2013-03-07 The Procter & Gamble Company Oral care compositions with improved rheology
US8956593B2 (en) 2011-09-01 2015-02-17 The Procter & Gamble Co. Oral care compositions with improved rheology
US9572762B2 (en) 2011-09-01 2017-02-21 The Procter & Gamble Company Oral care compositions with improved rheology
US10307363B2 (en) 2011-09-01 2019-06-04 The Procter & Gamble Company Oral care compositions with improved rheology
US11786762B2 (en) * 2019-02-01 2023-10-17 Colgate-Palmolive Company Preservative systems for oral care compositions

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1034024B (it) 1979-09-10
CA937869A (en) 1973-12-04
SE375692B (cs) 1975-04-28
DK131127C (cs) 1975-11-03
GB1332556A (en) 1973-10-03
DK131127B (da) 1975-06-02
DE2119108A1 (de) 1971-11-18

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