US3699852A - Cylinder head connection for reciprocable piston internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Cylinder head connection for reciprocable piston internal combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
US3699852A
US3699852A US96087A US3699852DA US3699852A US 3699852 A US3699852 A US 3699852A US 96087 A US96087 A US 96087A US 3699852D A US3699852D A US 3699852DA US 3699852 A US3699852 A US 3699852A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
bridge
cylinder
cylinder heads
cylinder head
arrangement according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US96087A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hans-Ulrich Howe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
Original Assignee
Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG filed Critical Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3699852A publication Critical patent/US3699852A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/02—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means
    • F02F1/04—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means for air cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/26—Cylinder heads having cooling means
    • F02F1/28—Cylinder heads having cooling means for air cooling
    • F02F1/30—Finned cylinder heads
    • F02F1/32—Finned cylinder heads the cylinder heads being of overhead valve type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F7/006—Camshaft or pushrod housings

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A reciprocable piston internal combustion engine hav- [30] Foreign Application Priority Data ing one or more rows of cylinders with individual cylinder heads, in which two adjacent cylinder heads 1969 Germany 19 61 804'3 are by expandable screw bolts clamped to the pertaining cylinders and the crank case so that one or more [52] US. Cl 92/ 169 expandable Screw bolts common to two adjacent [5 IIIt. CI. 1 yli d h d connects or connect t dj t [58] Field of Search ..92/l69, 171, 128, 146;
  • the present invention relates to a cylinder head connection for a reciprocable piston internal combustion engine in which the cylinders may be arranged in series or may be designed in V-arrangement with individual cylinder heads, according to which two adjacent cylinder heads are by tie rods connected to the cylinder and the crank-case.
  • the screw support is arranged approximately at the level of the bottom of the cylinder head the structural height of which will in most instances with increasing thermal load of the engine not be sufficient to absorb the bending moment caused by the screw forces.
  • a deformation will result, especially in the region of the exhaust passages, which deformation will after a certain temperature has been reached result in permanent deformations.
  • a decrease in the screw forces in the seal between the cylinder head and cylinder is the result.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a longitudinal section through a portion of an air-cooled internal combustion engine while two cylinders in upright position are shown in view.
  • FIG. 2 shows the two cylinder units of FIG. 1 as seen from the top and designed according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a section through the two cylinder units, said section being taken along the line III-III of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 shows the sealing surface of the two cylinder units of FIG. 1 between cylinder head and cylinder and also the location of the expandable screws and the points of support of the bridge.
  • the cylinder head connection according to the present invention is characterized primarily in that each two adjacent cylinder heads are by one or more expandable screws or necked-down bolts together connected to the crank-case by means of a bridge.
  • the arrangement of the gas changing passages is substantially independent of the location of the screw or the screws.
  • the supporting points of the bridge are located almost vertically over the center of gravity of the fourth of the joint surface (Vissusl- Fuegeflaeche) between the cylinder head and the cylinder, whereby the bending moment introduced by the screw force will be low and a tilting moment will be prevented when two expandable screws are unilaterally loosened.
  • auxiliary supports are employed at the end cylinders as counter bearings for the bridges.
  • These auxiliary supports may, with air-cooled engines, preferably be in the form of locally reinforced jackets for the cooling air.
  • the supporting points for the bridge on the cylinder head are spaced as far as possible from the joint surface and are possibly arranged on the bottom of the upper cylinder head.
  • the walls of the gas changing passages or supporting walls, fins, ribs, and reinforcements while such reinforcements are designed in conformity with aerodynamic principles.
  • a further very simple design is obtained in view of precast chambers for the expandable screws in the cylinder and the cylinder head and, more specifically, in the form of a longitudinal groove which is so dimensioned that the flow of cooling air when passing through the separating gap will not undergo any material throttling in view of the screw shank.
  • the connecting elements are preferably so arranged that they are located within the greatest structural height of the internal combustion engine as it is formed by the hood for the cylinder head.
  • FIG. 1 shows two cylinders 1, 2 with cylinder heads 3, 4 according to which the cylinders 1, 2 are by means of expandable screws 5 connected to the crank-case 8 through the intervention of bridges 6 and intermediate layers or shims 7.
  • the screw force is conveyed on one hand to the cylinder heads 3, 4 and on the other hand to the jackets 9, 10 for the cooling air, said jackets forming auxiliary supports.
  • the cylinder heads 3, 4 are by means of expandable screws 5 connected to the crankcase (not shown) through the intervention of bridges 6 and intermediate layers or shims 7. On the outside of the cylinder heads 3, 4, the screw force is conveyed to the auxiliary supports forming the jackets 9, 10.
  • the cylinder heads 3, 4 are at the level of the gas changing passages 11, 12-13, 14 sectioned in a direction transverse to the cylinder axis.
  • the advantageous arrangement 'of the expandable screws 5 in the separating gap between two cylinder units illustrates the flexibility the designer has for designing the gas changing passages, preferably the inlet passages l l, 13, and also shows the favorable design of the fins at the very hot inner parts of cylinder head cover means 20 of the cylinder head.
  • the direction of flow of the cooling air is indicated by arrows.
  • the free chambers 15 for the expandable screws 5 form passages of sufficiently large dimensions for the cooling air.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the joint surfaces 16 of the cylinder heads and the cylinders with their surface central lines 18.
  • the screw forces conveyed by means of bridges are at the points 17 where the forces attack, conveyed to the cylinder head.
  • the connecting lines 19 of the points 17 intersect the central line 18 of the joint surface 16.
  • the illustrated example shows the points 17 located in projection in pairs within and outside the central line 18, it is to be understood that the invention also includes arrangements according to which all points 17 are located within the central line 18.
  • the present invention comprises designs according to which the joint surfaces have a shape other than circular shape, whereas the points of attack of the forces all or partially located in the projection upon the joint surface will with an engine with the cylinders in series arrangement not result in any tilting moment toward the adjacent cylinder.
  • a reciprocable piston internal combustion engine which includes: at least two serially arranged adjoining cylinders with separately detachable individual cylinder heads, a crank case associated with said cylinders, bridge means for engagement with said cylinder heads, and expandable screw means, at least one of said screw means being common to two adjacent cylinder heads with only said expandable screw means transmitting screw force by way of said bridge means upon two adjoining cylinder heads and detachably connecting said two adjacent cylinder heads individually separable from the pertaining cylinders relative to said crank case.
  • each of said cylinder heads includes a plurality of bridge support points, and in which the vertical projection of the connecting line of two adjacent bridge support points defines a chord with regard to the surface center line of the annular joint surface between a cylinder head and the pertaining cylinder.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
US96087A 1969-12-10 1970-12-08 Cylinder head connection for reciprocable piston internal combustion engines Expired - Lifetime US3699852A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19691961804 DE1961804C3 (de) 1969-12-10 1969-12-10 Zylinderkopfbefestigung fuer Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschinen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3699852A true US3699852A (en) 1972-10-24

Family

ID=5753402

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US96087A Expired - Lifetime US3699852A (en) 1969-12-10 1970-12-08 Cylinder head connection for reciprocable piston internal combustion engines

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3699852A (fr)
AT (1) AT311732B (fr)
CS (1) CS148154B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE1961804C3 (fr)
FR (1) FR2059340A5 (fr)
GB (1) GB1330476A (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5463989A (en) * 1993-12-16 1995-11-07 Saab Automobile Aktiebolag Reinforced cylinder head

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2548534C2 (de) * 1975-10-30 1985-04-04 Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln Verbindung von Zylinderkopf und Zylinderrohr einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE2712959C3 (de) * 1977-03-24 1980-05-29 Kloeckner-Humboldt-Deutz Ag, 5000 Koeln Luftgekühlte Einspritzbrennkraftmaschine in Reihenbauweise
AT365743B (de) * 1977-06-07 1982-02-10 List Hans Zylinderkopf fuer eine luftgekuehlte brennkraftmaschine
DE3242498C2 (de) * 1982-11-18 1985-07-11 M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 8900 Augsburg Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine
DE3545333A1 (de) * 1985-12-20 1987-07-02 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Zylinderkopf

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB736446A (en) * 1953-04-15 1955-09-07 Cav Ltd Liquid fuel injection nozzle holders for internal combustion engines
DE934827C (de) * 1952-02-01 1955-11-03 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Zylinderdeckelbefestigung fuer stehende Dampfmaschinen und Dampfmotoren

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE934827C (de) * 1952-02-01 1955-11-03 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Zylinderdeckelbefestigung fuer stehende Dampfmaschinen und Dampfmotoren
GB736446A (en) * 1953-04-15 1955-09-07 Cav Ltd Liquid fuel injection nozzle holders for internal combustion engines

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5463989A (en) * 1993-12-16 1995-11-07 Saab Automobile Aktiebolag Reinforced cylinder head

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT311732B (de) 1973-11-26
DE1961804A1 (de) 1971-06-24
CS148154B2 (fr) 1973-02-22
DE1961804B2 (de) 1972-06-15
FR2059340A5 (fr) 1971-05-28
GB1330476A (en) 1973-09-19
DE1961804C3 (de) 1973-01-11

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