US3697238A - Metal flocking - Google Patents

Metal flocking Download PDF

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Publication number
US3697238A
US3697238A US3697238DA US3697238A US 3697238 A US3697238 A US 3697238A US 3697238D A US3697238D A US 3697238DA US 3697238 A US3697238 A US 3697238A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
fibers
metal
base
bers
fabric
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
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English (en)
Inventor
Perry H Brown
Maurice H Tremblay
Norman F Surprenant
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Brunswick Corp
Original Assignee
Brunswick Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Brunswick Corp filed Critical Brunswick Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3697238A publication Critical patent/US3697238A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H11/00—Non-woven pile fabrics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/16—Flocking otherwise than by spraying
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/903—Microfiber, less than 100 micron diameter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/9265—Special properties
    • Y10S428/928—Magnetic property
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12361—All metal or with adjacent metals having aperture or cut
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12389—All metal or with adjacent metals having variation in thickness
    • Y10T428/12396—Discontinuous surface component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12424—Mass of only fibers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12444—Embodying fibers interengaged or between layers [e.g., paper, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12951—Fe-base component
    • Y10T428/12972—Containing 0.01-1.7% carbon [i.e., steel]
    • Y10T428/12979—Containing more than 10% nonferrous elements [e.g., high alloy, stainless]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
    • Y10T428/23943—Flock surface

Definitions

  • This invention relates to forming of fabrics such as textile fabrics and in particular to the forming of metallic fabrics.
  • the fibers 'conventionally comprise man-made and natunal textile fibers.
  • the fibers are retained on the base by means of a suitable adhesive coating applied onto the base.
  • Adhesives such as neoprene-based adhesives, solvent-based adhesives, and emulsion-type adhesives, have been utilized for this purpose.
  • the adhesives have been applied by knife cutting, rolling, and screen printing.
  • Such a flocked material has been used not only for decorative purposes, such as in wall covering material but also in carpeting, apparel including imitation fur apparel, etc., millinery, accessories, decorative ribbons, draperies, upholstery, undergarments, etc.
  • the present invention comprehends an improved flocked fabric material wherein the flocked material comprises metallic flock fibers.
  • the metallic fibers may be secured to the base by adhesive means, autogeneous, or metal fusion bonding means, etc.
  • the flock fibers may be loosely associated relative to each other on the base material, or may be bonded together as by metal fushion bonding.
  • the base material l may comprise metallic material such as random laid web material, woven, knit, etc., wet or dry, carded or air laid, fabric material, etc.
  • the base material may alternatively comprise a collimated hole structure formed of a substantially monolithic body having a plurality of spaced through passages such as disclosed and claimed in Roberts et al.
  • the fibers preferably have a rough, unmachined, unburnished outer surface formed as by multiple end drawing of matrix material with removal of the matrix material either prior to or subsequent to the flocking operation.
  • the flocking may be accomplished with or without electrostatic charging means.
  • the bonding of the fibers may be effected by preliminarily securing them as with adhesive means and subsequently removing the adhesive means. Sacrificial material may be associated with the fibers as desired, such material being removed subsequent to the flocking operation for desired flocking effects.
  • the metal fibers are preferably relatively small, having a diameter similar to, or smaller than conventional manmade or natural textile fibers.
  • the metal fibers may be blended with nonmetal fibers, as desired.
  • the fibers may comprise an electrically nonconductive core having a conductive coating.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a flocking apparatus illustrating one method of forming the flocked fabric of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic elevation illustrating -a sntering step for metal fusion bonding the fibers
  • FIG. 3 is a fragmentary perspective view of a flocked fabric embodying the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic vertical section illustrating one method of applying adhesive material to the metal fibers
  • IFIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-section of a composite having different types of fibers disposed therein suitable for use in the flocking operation;
  • FIG. 6 is a fragmentary vertical section of the flocked ⁇ material during a first step in the flocking operation
  • FIG. 7 is a view similar to that of FIG. L6 showing the flocked fabric subsequent to the removal of a sacrificial portion of the flock material;
  • FIG. 8 is a fragmentary enlarged vertical section of a random laid web suitable for use in the flocked fabric
  • FIG. 9 is a fragmentary enlarged vertical section of a woven form of base material suitable for use in the flocked fabric
  • FIG. 10 is a fragmentary enlarged vertical section of a nonporous metal base suitable for use in the flocked fabric.
  • FIG. 11 is a fragmentary cross-section of a ocked fabric embody-ing the invention wherein the flock fibers are maintained unbonded to each other.
  • a flocked fabric generally designated 10 is shown to comprise a base portion 11 and flock fibers 1.2 secured to the base to extend generally upwardly from the upper surface 13 of the base in a conventional flock arrangement.
  • the flock fibers 12 are metallic, being formed of small diameter metal fibers, such as Brunsmet@ fibers produced by Brunswick Corporation. Such fibers are shown and described in Webber and Wilson U.S. Letters Patent 3,277,564.
  • such yfibers are formed by a constriction process wherein a plurality of elongated metal elements are disposed in a matrix to define a composite which is subsequently constricted by suitable constricting steps, including cold drawing steps, to have in a final drawn condition preselected extremely small diameter.
  • the bers are then released from the matrix material as by chemical dissolution of the matrix material, leaving the resultant fibers having rough, unmachined, unburnished outer surfaces.
  • the bers conventionally are formedin substantially continuous lengths and may be formed into suitable ⁇ short lengths by suitable methods such asiby cutting, chopping, tensile breaking, etc.
  • the short length bers 12 are delivered onto ⁇ the base material 11 in a conventional ocking operation wherein the bers are dropped onto the upper surface e13.
  • conventional electrostatic apparatus 14 may be provided to apply suitable electrostatic potential between the bers and the base material where thebase material is metallic, or to a subjacent table 15 where the base material is nonmetallic.
  • potential of up to 150,001() v. may be utilized for this purpose.
  • the metal flock bers thusly orient themselves in an upright position generally perpendicularly to the upper surface 13.
  • the fibers be relatively uniform in length and relatively straight.
  • the fibers preferably should be without hooked endsv such as may be formed by cutting operations.
  • the flock fibers may be bonded thereto as by autogenous or metal fusion bonding.
  • the base 11 with the ber 12 thereon may be sintered in a conventional sintering furnace 16 to form bonded ocked fabric 10.
  • the bers may be precoated with suitable adhesive material either by conventional spraying operations or by batch mixing as shown in FIG. 4.
  • suitable materials for such bonding may comprise collodion, camphor and ether, conventional adhesive cements, settable plastics, etc.
  • the adhesive material may be removed as by a burning off operation as a result of the high temperaturesutilized in the fusion bonding operation.
  • the adhesive material may be applied in the conventional manner onto the upper surface 13 of the base material 11 ⁇ prior to the flocking operation illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • the flocking material delivered from the electrostatically charged supply t14 may comprise a mixture of fibers such as bers of different metals.
  • fibers of one or more of the metals may be removed as by chemical dissolution leaving a relatively spaced fiocked surface.
  • the docking bers may comprise composites 17 made. ⁇ up of such different metallic elements 18 and 19.A mixture of short lengths of such composites 17 may be mixed with short lengths of solid bers, such as fibers 2.0, so that a distribution of the composite bers 19 and bers 20 will be provided on the base material 111 as shown in FIG. 6. Subsequent suitable removal of the bers 2.0 and the removable fibers of the composite 17 provides a relatively widely spaced groupv of ocked tufts 21 as shown in FIG. 7 as the flocked surface. Thus, the fibers 19f may be extremely small in diameter while yet permitting facilitated flocking while maintained in the composite configuration. As discussed above, the bers 19 may be distributed in a body of dissimilar metal bers, as desired.
  • the base 11 may comprise a random laid web 1'1a.
  • the webbed bers 22. may comprise metal fibers, nonmetal bers, or a mixture of metal and nonmetal bers, as desired.
  • the web may be formed by a conventional air laying process, as desired.
  • the web may be compacted or uncompacted depending on the desired web characteristics. Further the web may be presintered to provide prebonding of the lfibers thereof to each other, or may comprise loosely associated fibers, as desired. ⁇
  • base 11 may comprise a woven or knitted textile fabric, such as fabric 11b shown in FIG. 9.
  • the invention further comprehends the securing of the metallic flock fibers to the base 11 while maintaining the bers in free association relative to each other.
  • the metal bers maybe bonded to the upper surface 13 of base 11 as by application of a suitable bonding layer 23 which may comprise suitable adhesive, setting material, etc.
  • the base may comprise a suitable sheet 11e and may be porous or nonporous as desired. Further, the sheet 11c may be formed of metal or other suitable material as desired.
  • the flocked bers may comprise a suitable blend of conductive and nonconductive bers for providing the electrostatic dissipation characteristics as desired. ⁇ If desired, the nonconductive portion of the blend may be removed.
  • the bonding material may be made electrostatically conductive as by being provided with a/distribution of electrically conductive particles illustratively formed of metal, graphite, etc.
  • the flocked fabric may further provide for electrical conduction as well as static ⁇ dissipation by providing the metal portion thereof so as to have electrical contact between the respective fibers sufficient to carry the desired current.
  • the electrical conduction may be provided in the flock ber portion '12 and/or the base portion 11 as desired.
  • the adhesive may compirse a metal loaded epoxy resin.
  • the flocking operation may include concurrently a metal fusion bonding operation by suitably heating the base Where the base is partially or completely metallic.
  • a metal fusion bonding operation by suitably heating the base Where the base is partially or completely metallic.
  • the base 11 is heated by a suitable power supply 24 providing an electric current through the metallic base suitable to heat it to suitable fusion bondingtemperatures.
  • a suitable power supply 24 providing an electric current through the metallic base suitable to heat it to suitable fusion bondingtemperatures.
  • other methods of heating the base material to such temperature may similarly be employed within the scope of the invention.
  • the application of the vfiocked material to the base surface 13 may be effected to define preselected patterns, etc. by suitably screening the surface, applying bonding means to the preselected portions only, and by other conventional pattern forming methods.
  • the ymetal bers may be formed of any suitable material and illustratively, may comprise stainless steel, nickel, aluminum, and other suitable metals correlated for the particular purpose for which the fabric is intended.
  • the bers preferably have a diameter corresponding to conventional textile ber diameters, or smaller, and illustratively, may have a diameter of under 25 microns and as small as submicron sizes.
  • the bers may have a suitable length, such as from aproximately l down to one-half mil or smaller.
  • different metals may be mixed in the flock material so as to provide desired blended flocking.
  • the flock fibers 12 may within the scope of the invention comprise magnetizable metal fibers, such as ferrous metal bers.
  • magnetizable metal fibers such as ferrous metal bers.
  • fibers formed of material such as stainless steel may have a suitable magnetizable lcharacteristic in the small fiber sizes discussed above and thus, the flock bers 12 may be suitably formed of stainless steel.
  • the fiocking of the bers 12 onto the base portion 11 may be effected by magnetic flocking techniques, thus eliminating electrostatic charging of the docking materials as discussed above.
  • flocked fabric 10 comprises an improved ocked material which is extremely simple and economical of manufacture while yet providing a highly desirable irnproved metal surfaced material.
  • the ocked fabric may have electrostatic deposition qualities as desired which may substantially enhance the use of the material in many applications.
  • a metal fabric comprising: a porous base having at least one surface and defined by a fabric formed from autogenously bonded fiber-forming filaments; and flocking comprising a plurality of staple bers each having one end thereof autogenously bonded to said base fabric and extending from said surface, said metal fiber-forming yfilaments and said metal staple fibers defined by rough, unmachined and unburnished outer surfaces, said staple bers having diameters less than 25 microns.
  • said base comprises a metal collimated hole structure defined by a body having a plurality of spaced through passages.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Elimination Of Static Electricity (AREA)
  • Brushes (AREA)
US3697238D 1969-09-29 1969-09-29 Metal flocking Expired - Lifetime US3697238A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US86178769A 1969-09-29 1969-09-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3697238A true US3697238A (en) 1972-10-10

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US3697238D Expired - Lifetime US3697238A (en) 1969-09-29 1969-09-29 Metal flocking

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3697238A (ja)
JP (1) JPS5034501B1 (ja)
CA (1) CA935629A (ja)
DE (1) DE2047837C3 (ja)
GB (1) GB1320215A (ja)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3922410A (en) * 1973-08-01 1975-11-25 United Merchants & Mfg Process for obtaining flocked fabrics and fabrics obtained therefrom
US3977847A (en) * 1975-08-08 1976-08-31 Brunswick Corporation Filtration method and apparatus
US4938990A (en) * 1988-03-11 1990-07-03 Beckett Packaging Limited Pattern metallizing
US5956888A (en) * 1998-06-02 1999-09-28 Vreeland; B. Vic Glitter fishing lure
US6475553B2 (en) 1998-07-10 2002-11-05 Gillette Canada Company Method of manufacturing a textured toothbrush bristle
US6517952B1 (en) * 1996-07-04 2003-02-11 Hssa Sweden Ab Construction material for vehicles
WO2008083699A1 (de) 2006-12-21 2008-07-17 Hans-Joachim Stieber Herstellungssystem für ein netz- oder gitterartiges flächenerzeugnis
US20080311363A1 (en) * 2007-06-12 2008-12-18 3M Innovative Properties Company Metal fiber coated substrate and method of making
US20100306944A1 (en) * 2009-03-04 2010-12-09 Braun Gmbh Toothbrush bristle and method for manufacturing such a bristle

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2177025B (en) * 1985-06-18 1988-07-13 Bonar & Flotex Limited Anti-static flocked material
WO1988005091A1 (en) * 1987-01-08 1988-07-14 Bonar & Flotex Limited Anti-static flocked material
US4857377A (en) * 1987-02-27 1989-08-15 Chisso Corporation Electroconductive fabric sheet and molded article having it on surface thereof
JPH05195422A (ja) * 1992-01-17 1993-08-03 Sanai Kogyo Kk アイロンかけ機のパット用フェルト生地の接合方法
CN102416370B (zh) * 2011-09-26 2014-02-26 无锡市鹏程植绒机械有限公司 一种改进的钢板植绒振打装置
CN112095095B (zh) * 2020-09-04 2023-03-28 同心县京南惠方农林科技有限公司 一种钢板的绒毛式接毛装置

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3922410A (en) * 1973-08-01 1975-11-25 United Merchants & Mfg Process for obtaining flocked fabrics and fabrics obtained therefrom
US3977847A (en) * 1975-08-08 1976-08-31 Brunswick Corporation Filtration method and apparatus
US4938990A (en) * 1988-03-11 1990-07-03 Beckett Packaging Limited Pattern metallizing
US6517952B1 (en) * 1996-07-04 2003-02-11 Hssa Sweden Ab Construction material for vehicles
US5956888A (en) * 1998-06-02 1999-09-28 Vreeland; B. Vic Glitter fishing lure
US6475553B2 (en) 1998-07-10 2002-11-05 Gillette Canada Company Method of manufacturing a textured toothbrush bristle
WO2008083699A1 (de) 2006-12-21 2008-07-17 Hans-Joachim Stieber Herstellungssystem für ein netz- oder gitterartiges flächenerzeugnis
US20100028552A1 (en) * 2006-12-21 2010-02-04 Hans-Joachim Stieber Manufacturing system for a net-type or grid-type planar product
EP2156901A3 (de) * 2006-12-21 2010-11-17 Hans-Joachim Stieber Herstellungssystem für ein netz- oder gitterartiges Flächenerzeugnis
US20080311363A1 (en) * 2007-06-12 2008-12-18 3M Innovative Properties Company Metal fiber coated substrate and method of making
US20100306944A1 (en) * 2009-03-04 2010-12-09 Braun Gmbh Toothbrush bristle and method for manufacturing such a bristle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA935629A (en) 1973-10-23
JPS5034501B1 (ja) 1975-11-08
DE2047837A1 (de) 1971-04-22
DE2047837B2 (de) 1978-01-26
GB1320215A (en) 1973-06-13
DE2047837C3 (de) 1978-09-28

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