US3693369A - Packaging of liquids - Google Patents

Packaging of liquids Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3693369A
US3693369A US22354A US3693369DA US3693369A US 3693369 A US3693369 A US 3693369A US 22354 A US22354 A US 22354A US 3693369D A US3693369D A US 3693369DA US 3693369 A US3693369 A US 3693369A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
liquid
coating material
frozen
entities
ice
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US22354A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Henry George Horsewell
Arthur John Terry
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Brown and Williamson Holdings Inc
Original Assignee
Brown and Williamson Tobacco Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Brown and Williamson Tobacco Corp filed Critical Brown and Williamson Tobacco Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3693369A publication Critical patent/US3693369A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61JCONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
    • A61J3/00Devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms
    • A61J3/07Devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms into the form of capsules or similar small containers for oral use

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT The invention concerns a method for packaging a liquida
  • the liquid is fedportionwisethrough cooling meansto produce frozen solid entities which are transferred to apparatus which applies a substantially even layer of coating material over the surface of the entities, the coating material being thereafter induced or allowed to solidify and the frozen contents to melt,
  • Sealed containers such as glass ampoules or plasm tics sachets, which protect their contents against spillage and deterioration, can be used for aqueous.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a method whereby liquids can readily and easily be totally enclosed in packages which are rupturable under digital pressure.
  • a liquid which is required to be packaged is fed portion-wise through cooling means, to produce frozen solid entities, possibly of substantially spherical shape, which, after removal from the cooling means, are transferred to apparatus which applies a layer of coating material substantially evenly over the-surface of the solid entities, the coating material being thereafter induced or allowed to solidify and the frozen contents to melt, whereby sealed containers with liquid contents are produced.
  • the 'cooling means may comprise a cold liquid or mixture of liquids through which the liquid to be packaged is passed and which is substantially immiscible with, and of substantially lower freezing point than, the liquid to be packaged.
  • the cooling means should not only be of viscosity such that undue turbulence is minimised in the portions of the liquid to be packaged, but also of greater density than this liquid. The combination of these two physical properties may be used to control the rate of movement of the portions through the cooling means.
  • the coating material is applied rotating in the same direction above a bath of the coating material into which at least one of the rollers dips, the frozen entities being supplied to the upper bight between the said rollers.
  • One of these rollers may be helically grooved around its periphery, while the periphery of the other may be provided with shallow grooves substantially parallel to the axis of rotation. Portions of the material are picked up by the shallow grooves and deposited on the frozen entities in the aforesaid bight.
  • the coating material may be a synthetic or natural wax, such for instance as paraffin wax, or a plastics material or a mixture thereof, which will form over the frozen liquid a continuous even coating which can be hardened to form a rupturable or friable sealed container. It may be applied as a solution, suspension or emulsion, or in molten form.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of an, apparatus for producing small balls of ice
  • FIG. 2 a perspective view of an apparatus for wax coating the said balls
  • FIG. 3 a plan view of a part of the latter apparatus
  • FIG. 4 a part-section on the line IV-IV in FIG. 3,
  • FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 3 illustrating a FIG. 6 a transverse vertical section thereof.
  • the apparatus for producing ice balls shown in FIG. 1 comprises a column or tower 1 formed by a thermally insulated vertical glass tube, 4 inches in diameter and 8 feet high, filled with a mixture of 1,1,1-trichloroethane (approx; and n-hexane (approx. 40%) having a specific gravity of 1.09 at 25 C.
  • the evaporator coil 2 of a cooling system comprising a condensing unit 3 is located on the inside of the wall of the column 1, where it is immersed in the mixture.
  • the condensing unit operates with F mon- 22 and has a rating of 1 horse power.
  • the system maintains the temperature of the mixture in the column 1 substantially constant at 25 C.
  • Water containing l /2% glycerine is injected in drops through a jet or nozzle 5 of 1.2 mm. dia. in the base of the column 1 under a head in excess of the pressure of the mixture there.
  • the water is supplied from tank 6 mounted approximately 11 feet above the said base.
  • a needle valve 7 regulates the flow of water into the column 1, the rate of flow being measured by a standard flow-meter 8.
  • the jet 5 is screwed, so as to be replaceable, into a block 9 which can be maintained at a temperature of approximately 50C by means of a small electrical heating element 10, whereby the water is prevented from freezing in the jet.
  • This heater can also be used for initially unfreezing water in the jet 5 after an inoperative period.
  • a gate valve 11 is also incorporated in the 7 block 9, so that the jet can be removed without draining the column. Due to their lower specific gravity, the water drops leaving the jet 5 pass up through the mixture in the column 1 and become frozen into ice balls 12. These ice balls 12 pass into an overflow pipe 13 at the top of the column 1 and are removed with the assistance of a second circulatory system.
  • the mixture of solvents is cooled in a heat exchanger tank 14 to approximately -30 C. the cooling being effected by a second evaporator coil 15 supplied from the condensing unit 3.
  • the cooled solvent mixture is drawn from the tank 14 by a pump 16,
  • the mixture flows through the overflow pipe 13, which is provided with a cock 19, into a small header 20 connected to the tank 14.
  • the ice balls 12 from the column 1 are carried through the pipe 13 with the solvent mixture, but are retained in a collecting pan 21 above the header 20. Periodically, the ice balls are removed from the pan 21 and hardened off in a deep freeze cabinet maintained at a temperature of about 2() C.
  • the diameter of the ice balls thus produced is consistent and, with an internal jet diameter of 1.2 mm., is approximately 6.0 mm. Ice balls of smaller or larger diameter can be obtained by using a smaller or larger jet diameter, generally within a range of 1.0 to 1.5 mm.
  • the coating apparatus comprises a roller 22, 4 inches in diameter and 3 inches wide, which has shallow axial grooves and dips into a heated bath 23 of hot molten wax and a second roller 24, 3 inches in diameter and 3 inches wide, which has a helical groove of semi-circular cross-section capable of accommodating the ice balls.
  • the helical groove has a diameter of about 8 mm. and comprises four or more full turns in the roller 24.
  • the two parallel horizontal rollers 22, 24 are driven in the same direction (clockwise in FIG. 2) by electric motors 25, 26 whose speeds (up to 200 r.p.m.) are separately controllable by controllers 27, 28.
  • the rollers may alternatively be driven from a single motor through a gearbox.
  • the ice balls are placed in a lagged refrigerated hopper 29 which has stirring means (not seen) driven by a motor 30. From the hopper 29, the ice balls pass down a feed tube 31 from the lower end of which they are fed singly and intermittently to a point above the bight between the rollers 22, 24 by a slidable dispenser rod 32 which is moved in the operative direction by a cam 33 on a disc 34 driven in synchronism with the roller 24 by the motor 26 and is returned by a restoring spring 35.
  • a baffle plate 36 (not shown in FIG. 2)
  • spherical wax capsules of consistent size can be obtained at a rate of 120 per minute with the rollers 22, 24 rotating at 120 r.p.m.
  • the coating material used is a mixture consisting of 25% of a wax-resin known by the trade name Surfowax 220H (produced by Campbell Technical Waxes Limited) and or normal paraffin wax having a melting point of 65 to 68 C.
  • the solvent mixture may be circulated through a cooling coil which may itself be cooled by solid carbon dioxide.
  • the frozen liquid balls may be separated from the solvent mixture by a filtering screen preceeding the cooling element of the circuit for that mixture.
  • the invention can be employed for the encapsulation of liquids other than water, for example solutions of salts and other substances, and for the production of capsules serving a variety of purposes, for example smoke-filtration, smoke-flavour improvement and the like.
  • a method for encapsulating a liquid composition comprising:
  • cooling means (a) feeding said liquid portion-wise into a cooling means adapted to form solid entities of said liquid to be encapsulated, said cooling means including a cold liquid which is substantially immiscible with and of substantially lower melting point and of greater density than the liquid to be encapsulated;

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Confectionery (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
US22354A 1969-03-24 1970-03-31 Packaging of liquids Expired - Lifetime US3693369A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB05318/69A GB1267272A (en) 1969-03-24 1969-03-24 Improvements relating to the packaging of liquids

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3693369A true US3693369A (en) 1972-09-26

Family

ID=10056973

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US22354A Expired - Lifetime US3693369A (en) 1969-03-24 1970-03-31 Packaging of liquids

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3693369A (xx)
BE (1) BE747879A (xx)
CH (1) CH507840A (xx)
DE (1) DE2013934C3 (xx)
GB (1) GB1267272A (xx)
NL (1) NL165052C (xx)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4627224A (en) * 1984-03-30 1986-12-09 Nihon Spindle Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha Method and an apparatus for packing a semisolid compound in bags
EP2745717A1 (en) * 2012-12-18 2014-06-25 JT International SA Frozen capsules and method of making same
NL1042568B1 (en) * 2017-10-05 2019-04-15 Niels Johannes Maria Brankaert Ir Cooling unit for inside human body

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4627224A (en) * 1984-03-30 1986-12-09 Nihon Spindle Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha Method and an apparatus for packing a semisolid compound in bags
EP2745717A1 (en) * 2012-12-18 2014-06-25 JT International SA Frozen capsules and method of making same
NL1042568B1 (en) * 2017-10-05 2019-04-15 Niels Johannes Maria Brankaert Ir Cooling unit for inside human body

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH507840A (it) 1971-05-31
NL165052C (nl) 1981-03-16
NL165052B (nl) 1980-10-15
DE2013934B2 (de) 1973-06-28
NL7004166A (xx) 1970-09-28
DE2013934A1 (de) 1970-10-08
GB1267272A (en) 1972-03-15
DE2013934C3 (de) 1974-01-10
BE747879A (fr) 1970-08-31

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2379816A (en) Capsulating process and apparatus
JPH05505869A (ja) 低温装置
US2751762A (en) Method of freezing materials
US3693369A (en) Packaging of liquids
CN105476065B (zh) 一种烟用中空海藻酸盐胶囊生产系统
US9676150B2 (en) Capsule formation
US2428911A (en) Method and apparatus for producing capsules
US2268888A (en) Manufacture of fused chemical pellets
US3843819A (en) Edible capsules
US3830079A (en) Packaging of liquids
US3152453A (en) Apparatus and method for solidifying liquids
JPS5696667A (en) Method and apparatus for preparation of small spheres of frozen syrup, etc.
JPS6125351B2 (xx)
GB1066174A (en) A method for film evaporation and an evaporator for using the method
US2923033A (en) Method for pelleting
US2391033A (en) Drying hygroscopic plastics
RU2422055C2 (ru) Устройство для производства капсулированных продуктов
US2777480A (en) Method of packaging wax and the like
CN206843409U (zh) 一种油茶籽油生产过程冬化装置
CN104116639B (zh) 一种软胶囊机
US4143591A (en) Device for the production of granulated products from solutions or suspensions of food substances
NO131229B (xx)
US3854850A (en) Rotary means for forming solid granules from liquid supply means
US1911020A (en) Method for sealing jelly, preserves, or the like in containers, and product for such use
US20180017340A1 (en) Mixing container of a latent heat storage unit and method for the operation thereof