Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
  • C11D1/143—Sulfonic acid esters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/37—Mixtures of compounds all of which are anionic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols

Definitions

• ABSTRACT An olefin sulfonate detergent composition containing, as active ingredients, a mixture consisting essentially of (a) 25 to 75 parts by weight of a sulfonate of a straight chain a-olefin represented by the general formula R' CH CH,
• R' is an alkyl radical of 12 to 20 carbon atoms, and the average number of bonded S0, radicals of said sulfonate is 1.05 to 1.7
• This invention relates to a detergent composition and more particularly to an olefin sulfonate detergent composition which is excellent particularly in detergent and wetting characteristics and comprises, as active ingredients, a mixture of a sulfonate of a straight chain type a-olefin and a sulfonate of a vinylidene type olefin.
• An object of the present invention is to provide an olefin sulfonate detergent composition
• a mixture comprising (a) 20 to 80 parts by weight of a sulfonate of a straight chain type aolefin represented by the general formula wherein R is an alkyl radical of 12 to 20 carbon atoms,
• R" and R'" each is an alkyl radical of one to 19 carbon atoms and the sum' of the carbon atoms of R" andR' is 12 to 22.
• a sulfonate of a straight chain type a-olefin is used in an ordinary meaning including an alkenesulfonate and hydroxyalkanesulfonate synthesized from a straight chain type aolefin.
• a sulfonate of a vinylidene type olefin is used also in the same meaning as is mentioned above.
• the sulfonate of the straight chain type aolefin and the sulfonate of the vinylidene type olefin are mixed in such a proportion that the sulfonate of the straight chain type a-olefin to the sulfonate of the vinylidene type olefin is 20 to 80:80 to 20 by weight, preferably 30 to 70:70 to 30 by weight.
• the amount of the sulfonate of the straight chain type aolefin is lessthan 20 parts by weight or more than 80 parts by weight, the desired synergistic effect becomes slight so that the increase in the detergency intended by the present invention can not be obtained.
• the sulfonate of the straight chain type a-olefin to be used in the present invention may be produced by any known process.
• the straight chain type a-olefin to be used for the production of the sulfonate of the straightchain type a-olefin has 14 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably 15 to 18 carbon atoms and may be used alone or as a mixture of two or more olefin.
• Such a straight chain type a-olefin may be produced, for example, by the low molecular weight polymerization of ethylene or by the decomposition of wax.
• the straight chain type a-olefin to be obtained by such process need not be exactly inthe above mentioned range of carbon atoms but may well contain up to about l0 parts by weight of olefin(s) having carbon atoms outside the above mentioned range.
• olefin(s) having carbon atoms outside the above mentioned range.
• typical straight chain type a-olefins there may be enumerated tetradecene-l, pentadecene-l, hexadecene-l, heptadene-l, octadecene-l, nonadecene-l, eicosene-l, heneicosene-l and docosene- 1.
• the straight chain type a-olefin is sulfonated with a sulfonating agent such as sulfur trioxide diluted with an inert gas, chlorosulfonic acid, fuming sulfuric acid or a dioxane complex of sulfur trioxide.
• a sulfonating agent such as sulfur trioxide diluted with an inert gas, chlorosulfonic acid, fuming sulfuric acid or a dioxane complex of sulfur trioxide.
• the sulfonating condition is not critical and may be any known one. However, generally the sulfonation is carried out at a temperature'in the range of 0 to C., preferably from 10 to 40C. Further, it is preferable that the sulfonation is conducted until the average number of bonded S0 radicals perolefin is 1.05 to 1.72.
• the sulfonated reaction product is then hydrolyzed with an alkali or acid and is then neutralized, for example, with an aqueous solution of a hydroxide of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, ammonia or an organic amine compound. Further, in some cases, the sulfonated product or the neutralized product may be bleached with a proper bleaching agent such as sodium hypochlorite.
• a proper bleaching agent such as sodium hypochlorite.
• the sodium salt of the sulfonate of the straight chain type a-olefin is used as an active ingredient.
• the sulfonate of the vinylidene type olefin which is another essential ingredient of the detergent according to the present invention may also be produced by any known process such as follows.
• the vinylidene type olefin to be used for the production of the sulfonate of the vinylidene type olefin has 14 to 24 carbon atoms, preferably 17 to 22 carbon atoms in average.
• Such vinylidene type olefin may be used alone or preferably as a mixture of two or more.
• the vinylidene type olefin in the above-mentioned range of carbon atoms may be produced, for example, by a process wherein a low molecular weight straight chain type a-olefin obtained by the low molecular weight polymerization or decomposition of wax is dimerized or codimerized.
• the thus obtained vinylidene type olefin need not be exactly in the above-mentioned range of the number of carbon atoms but may well contain up to about 10 percent of olefin(s) having carbon atoms outside the above-mentioned range.
• 2-methyltetradecene-l 2-methyloctadecenel Z-methyleicoserie-l 2-hexyloctene-l tyldodecene-l, 2-hepty1decene-l, 2-octyldecene-l, 2- hexyldodecene-l 2-heptylundecene-l Z-hexyltridenel, 2-heptyldodecene-l, 2-octylundecene-l, 2-nonyldecene-l 2-octyldodecene-l, Z-hexyItetradecene-l 2- heptyltridecene-l, 2-nonylundecene-l, 2-decyldecenel, 2-heptyltetradecene-l
• the sulfonating condition is not critical and may be any known one. However, generally the sulfonation is carried out at a temperature in the range of to 100C. Further, it is preferable that the resulting sulfonate has 1.0 1.9, preferably 1.05 1.7 in the average number of bonded S0 radicals per olefin. Then the product may be treated in the same manner as explained before in respect of the production of the sulfonate of the straight chain type a-olefin.
• the sodium salt of the sulfonate of the vinylidene type olefin is used as an active ingredient.
• the above-mentioned two kinds of olefins differing in the carbon chain structure may be respectively separately sulfonated, hydrolyzed and neutralized and then mixed together or may be first mixed together and then sulfonated, hydrolyzed and neutralized.
• the detergent composition of the present invention may also contain other additives.
• the detergent composition may contain a builder which may be organic or inorganic salt.
• a builder which may be organic or inorganic salt.
• examples of such builders are trisodium phosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, acid sodium pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium metasilicate, sodium silicate, sodium carbonate, sodium sulfate, borax, ethylenediamine sodium tetracetate or sodium nitrilotriacetate A mixture of two or more of them may also be used.
• the polyphosphate salt of an alkali metal ispreferable because it enhances the detergent effect of an anionic surface active agent.
• the detergent composition may also contain other additives which are usually used in this field.
• additives are hydrotropic stabilizers such as sodium xylenesulfonate or sodium toluenesulfonate, antidepositing agents such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or polyvinyl alcohol, an optical or fluorescent brightening agent, a sterilizer or a perfume.
• the active ingredients of the present invention may also be used in combined with other known active ingredients such as, for example, a sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate or sodium alkylsulfate. In this way, there can be obtained remarkably higher detergent and wetting characteristics than in the case where the known active ingredient is used alone. In such cases, it is desirable to use the active ingredient mixture of the present invention in an amount more than 20 parts by weight based on the total active ingredients, although it may be used even below 20 parts by weight.
• the amount of the active ingredients is dependent on the particular use, the active ingredients are used generally in an amount more than parts by weight, preferably to 50 parts by weight based on the total detergent composition.
• Detergency test l The detergent composition used in the detergency test was consisted of 25 percent by weight of active ingredient(s) 40 percent by weight sodium tripolyphosphate, 10 percent by weight sodium silicate, 1 percent by weight carboxymethyl cellulose and 24 percent by weight sodium sulfate.
• the stained cloth to be cleaned in the test was prepared by dipping a white cotton cloth (100 mm. long and 50 mm. wide) in a liquid consisting of 0.5 g. of beef tallow, 0.5 g. of active carbon, 1.4 g. of fluid paraffin and 400 g. of carbon tetrachloride, for 1 minute.
• Washing condition was as follows. Thus 100 ml. of an aqueous solution containing 0.1 percent (or 0.2 percent) by weight of the active ingredient(s) were prepared and three sheets of the above mentioned stained cloth were perfectly immersed in the solution and were washed with a Launder-O-Meter (with rubber balls having 15 mm. diameter) at 42 rpm. The washing was conducted at 30C. for 30 minutes. Then the stained cloth was rinsed with clean water for 5 minutes and was then air-dried and ironed.
• R R /R R X 100 wherein R is a reflection factor of a white cotton cloth, R is a reflection factor of a stained cloth and R is a reflection factor of a washed cloth.
• the reflection factor was shown with the reflection degree (100) of a white plate of MgO as standard.
• Wetting force test The wetting force was determined according to the method by G. Schwen (Melliand Textilber 32 910 (1951)). Thus, a felt cloth 1 mm. thick was preparatorily washed, a test piece 15 mm. in diameter was made thereof. The test piece was floated on an aqueous solution of an active ingredient and the time until it began to sink was measured at a temperature of 30C.
• Active I00 50 ingre Detergency value
• Straight chain type Vinylidene type 0 50 mo Active ingredient concentration:
• a mixed sodium sulfonate of a straight chain type aolefin mixture consisting of 30 percent octadecene, 32 percent eicocene-l, 25 percent dodecene-l and 3 percent of others and having an average number of bonded S0 radicals of 1.3 and a mixed sulfonate of a vinylidene type olefin mixture consisting of 9 percent 2- heptylundecene, 9 percent Z-heptyldodecene, 10 percent 2-octylundecene, 22 percent 2-octyldodecene, 8 percent 2 nonylundecene -l, 11 percent 2-octyltridecenel, 10 percent 2-nonyldodecene l 12 percent 2-nonyltridecene-l, and 9 percent of other olefins and having an average number of other olefins and having an average number of
• each of the sulfonate of thestraight chain a-olefin and the sulfonate of the vinylidene olefin is the sodium salt thereof.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

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Cited By (5)

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Citations (4)

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  • BE BE755471D patent/BE755471A/xx unknown
• 1969
  • 1969-08-29 JP JP44068853A patent/JPS505722B1/ja active Pending
• 1970
  • 1970-08-28 NL NL7012790.A patent/NL162132C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1970-08-28 DE DE19702042871 patent/DE2042871A1/de active Pending
  • 1970-08-28 FR FR7031597A patent/FR2059411A5/fr not_active Expired
  • 1970-08-28 US US68042A patent/US3691108A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1970-08-28 GB GB4164970A patent/GB1304565A/en not_active Expired

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