US3685880A - Manufacture of lamps of the compact arc discharge type - Google Patents

Manufacture of lamps of the compact arc discharge type Download PDF

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Publication number
US3685880A
US3685880A US52392A US3685880DA US3685880A US 3685880 A US3685880 A US 3685880A US 52392 A US52392 A US 52392A US 3685880D A US3685880D A US 3685880DA US 3685880 A US3685880 A US 3685880A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
stem
electrode
envelope
lead
lamp
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US52392A
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English (en)
Inventor
John C Sobieski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3685880A publication Critical patent/US3685880A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/98—Lamps with closely spaced electrodes heated to incandescence by light-emitting discharge, e.g. tungsten arc lamp
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J5/00—Details relating to vessels or to leading-in conductors common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J5/32—Seals for leading-in conductors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/02—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems
    • H01J9/18—Assembling together the component parts of electrode systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/24—Manufacture or joining of vessels, leading-in conductors or bases
    • H01J9/32—Sealing leading-in conductors
    • H01J9/323—Sealing leading-in conductors into a discharge lamp or a gas-filled discharge device
    • H01J9/326—Sealing leading-in conductors into a discharge lamp or a gas-filled discharge device making pinched-stem or analogous seals

Definitions

  • a quartzenvelope is [22] Filed: July 6,1970 provided, having first and second elongated tubular stems extending from a bulb portion. A pair of elon- [211 Appl' 52392 gated electrode assemblies are positioned in the stems, with the ends thereof extending into the bulb portion. [52] U.S. Cl ..3l6/19 An inert g is o e into he fir stem and ence 51 1m.
  • the invention is in the field of lamp manufacture, and is particularly applicable to the combined assembly and processing of compact arc discharge lamps of the type which operate at high temperature and which employ regenerative cycling to prevent evaporation of electrode material onto the bulb wall.
  • a much-used two-step process consists of first assembling the lamp, and then evacuating the lamp and/or providing a fill of inert gas (and/or metallic compounds) through a tubulation extending from the bulb or stem of the lamp. The tubulation is then sealed off.
  • one or more of the leads may first be sealed through a glass stem, and the stem is then sealed to the bulb by means of heating and forming with jaws or by pulling a vacuum to draw together the heated regions of the stern and bulb.
  • the leads can be beaded with a glass globule, or sealed through a metal disc or cap, whereupon the bulb is sealed to the glass bead, or metal disc or cap, by heating and forming with jaws and/or vacuum.
  • the leads are pinch-sealed directly to the bulb.
  • the later patent discloses a method of simultaneously assembling and processing such a lamp, without any exhaust tubulation, comprising the steps of sealing each elongated electrode into an elongated quartz sealing tube, respectively sealing the sealing tubes to the outer ends of necks extending from a quartz bulb, filling the bulb with inert gas and one or more vaporizable metallic compounds, sealing off the sealing tubes, heating and collapsing the bulb necks over the sealing tubes, and severing the sealing tubes to expose the outer ends of the leads.
  • This process though it achieves the objective of manufacturing a compact lamp without any tubulation, is expensive inasmuch as it requires six heat-sealing operations in a dual-chuck rotating lathe.
  • Objects of the invention are to provide an improved method of manufacturing lamps, and to provide an improved and inexpensive method for assembling and processing tabulation-free compact arc discharge lamps of the type which operate at high temperature and which employ regenerative cycling to prevent evaporation of electrode material onto the bulb wall.
  • the method of the invention comprises, briefly and in a preferred embodiment, the steps of providing an envelope (preferably of quartz) having first and second elongated tubular stems extending from a bulb portion, positioning first and second elongated electrode-andlead assemblies respectively into said first and second stems with the ends of the electrodes extending into said bulb portion and in mutually spaced apart relationship, flowing an inert gas into the first stern and hence through the envelope and out the second stem and simultaneously heating the second stem, pinch-sealing the second stem to the lead of the second electrodeand-lead assembly, applying vacuum at the first stem to draw the heated inner portion of the second stem against the second electrode, introducing fill matter into the envelope through the first stem at a pressure less than atmospheric, heating the first stem, and pinchsealing the first stem to the lead of the first electrodeand-lead assembly, whereupon the less-than-atmosphen'c pressure in the envelope draws the heated inner portion of the first stem against the first electrode.
  • an envelope preferably of quartz
  • FIGS. 1-5 illustrate steps of the method for making a lamp in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a side view of a completed lamp made in accordance with the invention.
  • an envelope 11 is provided, preferably of quartz or other suitable vitreous material, having first and second elongated tubular stems 12 and 13 extending from a bulb portion 14.
  • the stems 12 and 13 and bulb 14 are of circular cross section and are aligned along a common axis.
  • a support and processing chamber 16 is provided with an opening 17 into which the end portion of the stem 12 fits snugly, and is also provided with an electrode assembly holder 18 which holds the lead end 19 of an electrode assembly consisting of an elongated electrode 21 and an elongated lead 22 in spaced-apart axial alignment, and a metal foil 23 welded or otherwise attached to the adjacent ends of the electrode 21 and lead 22.
  • the electrode 21 is tungsten, and the lead 22 and foil 23 are molybdenum.
  • the foil 23 may comprise a flattened end of the lead 22. The free end of the electrode 21 extends to a desired location within the bulb portion 14 of the envelope 11.
  • a dispenser 26 is provided on the chamber 16, for dispensing desired metallic compounds into the envelope 14.
  • a simplified way of accomplishing this is to place a pellet of metal iodide or other desired material into the dispenser 26, and rotate a valve 27 when it is desired to dispense the pellet into the envelope l4.
  • Argon or other inert gas is applied to a gas inlet port 31, and a vacuum is applied at a vacuum port 32, these ports being selectively coupled to the chamber 16 by means of a two-way rotary valve 33.
  • a support jig 36 aids in positioning the lower stem 13, and holds the end 19' of an electrode assembly consisting of an elongated electrode 21 and a lead 22 in spaced-apart axial alignment, with a metal foil 23 welded or otherwise attached to the mutually adjacent ends thereof.
  • the free end of the anode electrode 21 extends into the bulb portion 14 of the envelope 11, in suitably spaced relationship to the end of the cathode electrode 21.
  • the lamp is intended for direct current operation, the upper electrode 21 being the cathode and being relatively slender and having a tapered point, and the lower electrode 21' being the anode and being relatively longer and larger in diameter than the cathode electrode 21, because the anode operates at a considerably higher temperature than does the cathode electrode.
  • one or more burners 41, 42 are positioned to heat the entire quartz stem 13 to a plastic condition.
  • the valve 33 is turned to the position shown, so that argon or other inert gas flows through the envelope 11 to prevent oxidation of the electrode assembly 1
  • the electrode assemblies 20 and 20' are shown as being rotated 90 with respect to their positions in FIG. 1, in order to more clearly illustrate the steps of the invention.
  • a pair of jaws 46 and 47 press against opposite sides of the stem 13 and seal it to the metal foil 23'. This is called a pinch seal".
  • the valve 33 is turned to open the vacuum port 32 to the envelope 11, and the vacuum draws the hot remaining portion of the stem 13 tightly against the electrode 21, as indicated by the arrows 48 in FIG. 3.
  • the stem 13 is fitted snugly against the electrode 21, to prevent any space in the envelope 11 away from the bulb portion 14 which will be relatively cooler than the hot bulb portion 14 when the lamp is operating and into which the hot operating gaseous metallic material of the lamp can condense and undesirably affect the pressure and composition of the lamp fill, and this has been accomplished quickly and inexpensively by the aforesaid step of pulling a vacuum in the envelope immediately after the pinch seal has been made and while the stem is still hot and in a plastic condition. This is made possible by the fact that as soon as the pinch seal has been made, it is possible to pull a vacuum in the envelope.
  • the dispenser valve 27 is rotated to dispense a pellet of metal iodide or other desired material into the envelope ll, whereupon the dispenser valve 27 is immediately closed.
  • the valve 33 t is returned to its position for admitting argon gas into the envelope 11, the argon being at a desired pressure which is less than atmospheric when the lamp is cool and is much greater than atmospheric pressure when the lamp becomes hot during operation.
  • the cathode stem 12 of the lamp is heated by flame from the burners 41 and 42, and then a pinch seal is made at the metal foil 23 by jaws 46 and 47, as shown in FIG. 5. Since the entire stem 12 has been heated to a plastic condition, the less than atmospheric pressure inside the bulb 14 causes the inner end of the stem 12 to draw tightly against the cathode electrode 21 all the way to the bulb portion 14.
  • the lamp is completed by cutting or breaking off the end portions of the stems 12 and 13 beyond the pinch seals, and the completed lamp appears as shown in FIG. 6, having been completely assembled and processed by the relatively few simple steps described above, requiring only two sealing operations instead of the six that are required in the above-mentioned prior US. Pat. No. 3,305,289.
  • a typical size for such a lamp is approximately 1 to 2 inches long (exclusive of leads) and about one-fourth to one-half of an inch maximum outside bulb diameter.
  • the two electrodes are identical and the same length, and therefore either of the electrodes may be sealed first.
  • the anode electrode 21 is longer than the cathode electrode 21
  • a method of assembling and processing an arc discharge lamp comprising the steps of providing a lamp envelope having first and second elongated tubular stems extending outwardly from a bulb portion, positioning first and second elongated electrode-andlead assemblies respectively into said first and second stems with the ends of said electrodes extending into said bulb portion in mutually spaced apart relationship, flowing an inert gas into said first stem and hence through the envelope and out said second stem and simultaneously heating substantially the entire length of said second stem, sealing a portion of said second stem to the lead of said second electrode-and-lead assembly at a region spaced from said bulb portion, applying a vacuum through said first stern while said second stem is hot thereby drawing said second stem inwardly against said second electrode in the region between said seal and said bulb portion, introducing fill material and gas into the envelope through said first stem at a pressure less than atmospheric, heating the first stem over substantially the entire length thereof, and sealing a portion of the first stem to the lead of said first electrode-and-lead assembly at a region space

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
US52392A 1970-07-06 1970-07-06 Manufacture of lamps of the compact arc discharge type Expired - Lifetime US3685880A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US5239270A 1970-07-06 1970-07-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3685880A true US3685880A (en) 1972-08-22

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US52392A Expired - Lifetime US3685880A (en) 1970-07-06 1970-07-06 Manufacture of lamps of the compact arc discharge type

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3685880A (ja)
JP (1) JPS523233B1 (ja)
BE (1) BE769553A (ja)
DE (1) DE2133136A1 (ja)
FR (1) FR2100245A5 (ja)
GB (1) GB1363238A (ja)

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3966288A (en) * 1973-08-22 1976-06-29 Gte Sylvania Incorporated Method for making high intensity discharge arc tube
US3989970A (en) * 1974-12-19 1976-11-02 General Electric Company Metal halide high-intensity discharge lamp having improved restart capability
US4110657A (en) * 1977-03-14 1978-08-29 General Electric Company Lead-in seal and lamp utilizing same
US4389201A (en) * 1979-03-12 1983-06-21 General Electric Company Method of manufacturing a lamp
DE3319021A1 (de) * 1982-05-28 1983-12-01 The General Electric Co. p.l.c., London Der luft ausgesetzte glueh- und entladungslampen
USRE31519E (en) * 1982-11-12 1984-02-07 General Electric Company Lead-in seal and lamp utilizing same
US4540373A (en) * 1984-08-30 1985-09-10 Gte Products Corporation Method of fabricating an arc tube for an arc discharge lamp
US5037342A (en) * 1988-11-15 1991-08-06 Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen M.B.H. Method of making an electric lamp, and more particularly a lamp vessel in which electrodes are retained in the lamp by a pinch or press seal
US5064395A (en) * 1990-10-01 1991-11-12 Gte Products Corporation Compact outer jacket for low wattage discharge lamp
US5108331A (en) * 1990-08-17 1992-04-28 Stanley Electric Co., Ltd. Method for manufacturing small tubular lamps
US5108333A (en) * 1988-12-19 1992-04-28 Patent Treuhand fur elektrische Gluhlampen m.b.H. Method of making a double-ended high-pressure discharge lamp
US5133682A (en) * 1990-11-02 1992-07-28 Gte Products Corporation Method and mold for fabricating an arc tube for an arc discharge lamp
US5213536A (en) * 1991-01-02 1993-05-25 Gte Products Corporation Filamented lamp manufacture method
US5505648A (en) * 1993-12-21 1996-04-09 Koito Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Contamination-free method of making arc tubes
WO1996034405A2 (en) * 1995-04-27 1996-10-31 Philips Electronics N.V. Capped electric lamp
EP0962955A2 (en) * 1998-05-25 1999-12-08 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Lamp and manufacturing method thereof
US6132279A (en) * 1997-03-17 2000-10-17 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. High-pressure discharge lamp and manufacturing method thereof
US6306002B1 (en) * 1998-05-25 2001-10-23 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Lamp and manufacturing method thereof
US20020187710A1 (en) * 2001-06-08 2002-12-12 Holger Claus Hybrid sealing technique
US20030057837A1 (en) * 2001-09-26 2003-03-27 Osram Sylvania Inc. Method of removing contaminants from a double-ended arc discharge tube
US6672923B1 (en) * 1999-07-07 2004-01-06 Koito Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Method of manufacturing arc tube
US6685525B1 (en) * 1999-06-23 2004-02-03 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method for manufacturing an incandescent lamp
US6759806B2 (en) 2000-03-13 2004-07-06 Nec Microwave Tube, Ltd. High pressure discharge lamp and method for sealing a bulb thereof

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3005338C2 (de) * 1979-03-12 1983-12-01 General Electric Co., Schenectady, N.Y. Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Metalldampflampe
US4396857A (en) * 1980-07-01 1983-08-02 General Electric Company Arc tube construction
JPS5968469A (ja) * 1982-10-08 1984-04-18 三菱油化株式会社 コンクリ−ト建築物の床構造
JPS5968470A (ja) * 1982-10-08 1984-04-18 住宅・都市整備公団 コンクリ−ト建築物の床構造
DE3842772A1 (de) * 1988-12-19 1990-06-21 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Verfahren zur herstellung einer zweiseitigen hochdruckentladungslampe
DE4037721C2 (de) * 1990-11-27 2003-02-13 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Natriumhochdrucklampe sowie dafür geeignete Vorrichtung
CN102610467B (zh) * 2011-01-20 2016-04-27 爱思普特殊光源(深圳)有限公司 一种高压氙灯封接方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2145157A (en) * 1937-07-13 1939-01-24 Gen Electric Incandescent electric lamp
US2716584A (en) * 1953-12-16 1955-08-30 Westinghouse Electric Corp Double hermetic seal for gaseous discharge lamps
US2761087A (en) * 1950-09-04 1956-08-28 Gen Electric Electric discharge lamp
US3194625A (en) * 1962-06-18 1965-07-13 Gen Electric Electric lamp with unitary inner envelope and stem assembly and manufacture thereof
US3211511A (en) * 1963-01-30 1965-10-12 Gen Electric Electric lamp manufacture
US3462209A (en) * 1968-01-04 1969-08-19 Gen Electric Method of making vacuum type electric incandescent lamps

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2145157A (en) * 1937-07-13 1939-01-24 Gen Electric Incandescent electric lamp
US2761087A (en) * 1950-09-04 1956-08-28 Gen Electric Electric discharge lamp
US2716584A (en) * 1953-12-16 1955-08-30 Westinghouse Electric Corp Double hermetic seal for gaseous discharge lamps
US3194625A (en) * 1962-06-18 1965-07-13 Gen Electric Electric lamp with unitary inner envelope and stem assembly and manufacture thereof
US3211511A (en) * 1963-01-30 1965-10-12 Gen Electric Electric lamp manufacture
US3462209A (en) * 1968-01-04 1969-08-19 Gen Electric Method of making vacuum type electric incandescent lamps

Cited By (33)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3966288A (en) * 1973-08-22 1976-06-29 Gte Sylvania Incorporated Method for making high intensity discharge arc tube
US3989970A (en) * 1974-12-19 1976-11-02 General Electric Company Metal halide high-intensity discharge lamp having improved restart capability
US4110657A (en) * 1977-03-14 1978-08-29 General Electric Company Lead-in seal and lamp utilizing same
DE2810569A1 (de) * 1977-03-14 1978-09-21 Gen Electric Einfuehrungsdichtung
US4389201A (en) * 1979-03-12 1983-06-21 General Electric Company Method of manufacturing a lamp
DE3319021A1 (de) * 1982-05-28 1983-12-01 The General Electric Co. p.l.c., London Der luft ausgesetzte glueh- und entladungslampen
USRE31519E (en) * 1982-11-12 1984-02-07 General Electric Company Lead-in seal and lamp utilizing same
US4540373A (en) * 1984-08-30 1985-09-10 Gte Products Corporation Method of fabricating an arc tube for an arc discharge lamp
US5037342A (en) * 1988-11-15 1991-08-06 Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen M.B.H. Method of making an electric lamp, and more particularly a lamp vessel in which electrodes are retained in the lamp by a pinch or press seal
US5108333A (en) * 1988-12-19 1992-04-28 Patent Treuhand fur elektrische Gluhlampen m.b.H. Method of making a double-ended high-pressure discharge lamp
US5108331A (en) * 1990-08-17 1992-04-28 Stanley Electric Co., Ltd. Method for manufacturing small tubular lamps
US5064395A (en) * 1990-10-01 1991-11-12 Gte Products Corporation Compact outer jacket for low wattage discharge lamp
US5133682A (en) * 1990-11-02 1992-07-28 Gte Products Corporation Method and mold for fabricating an arc tube for an arc discharge lamp
US5213536A (en) * 1991-01-02 1993-05-25 Gte Products Corporation Filamented lamp manufacture method
US5505648A (en) * 1993-12-21 1996-04-09 Koito Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Contamination-free method of making arc tubes
WO1996034405A3 (en) * 1995-04-27 1996-12-05 Philips Electronics Nv Capped electric lamp
WO1996034405A2 (en) * 1995-04-27 1996-10-31 Philips Electronics N.V. Capped electric lamp
US6132279A (en) * 1997-03-17 2000-10-17 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. High-pressure discharge lamp and manufacturing method thereof
EP0962955A2 (en) * 1998-05-25 1999-12-08 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Lamp and manufacturing method thereof
US6306002B1 (en) * 1998-05-25 2001-10-23 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Lamp and manufacturing method thereof
EP0962955A3 (en) * 1998-05-25 2002-02-13 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Lamp and manufacturing method thereof
US6685525B1 (en) * 1999-06-23 2004-02-03 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method for manufacturing an incandescent lamp
US6672923B1 (en) * 1999-07-07 2004-01-06 Koito Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Method of manufacturing arc tube
US6759806B2 (en) 2000-03-13 2004-07-06 Nec Microwave Tube, Ltd. High pressure discharge lamp and method for sealing a bulb thereof
US20040135512A1 (en) * 2000-03-13 2004-07-15 Nec Microwave Tube, Ltd. High pressure discharge lamp and method for sealing a bulb thereof
US6773320B2 (en) * 2000-03-13 2004-08-10 Nec Microwave Tube, Ltd. High pressure discharge lamp and method for sealing a bulb thereof
US7038379B2 (en) 2000-03-13 2006-05-02 Nec Microwave Tube, Ltd. High pressure discharge lamp and method for sealing a bulb thereof
US20020187710A1 (en) * 2001-06-08 2002-12-12 Holger Claus Hybrid sealing technique
US6817918B2 (en) * 2001-06-08 2004-11-16 Ushio America, Inc. Hybrid sealing technique
US6669521B2 (en) * 2001-09-26 2003-12-30 Osram Sylvania Inc. Method of removing contaminants from a double-ended arc discharge tube
US20030057837A1 (en) * 2001-09-26 2003-03-27 Osram Sylvania Inc. Method of removing contaminants from a double-ended arc discharge tube
US20040056601A1 (en) * 2001-09-26 2004-03-25 Davey Ernest A. Method of removing contaminants from a double-ended arc discharge tube
US6972520B2 (en) 2001-09-26 2005-12-06 Osram Sylvania Inc. Method of removing contaminants from a double-ended arc discharge tube

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS523233B1 (ja) 1977-01-26
DE2133136A1 (de) 1972-01-20
BE769553A (fr) 1972-01-06
GB1363238A (en) 1974-08-14
FR2100245A5 (ja) 1972-03-17

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