US3684854A - Method of induction heating of heat-treatable metallic workpieces and apparatus for performing same - Google Patents

Method of induction heating of heat-treatable metallic workpieces and apparatus for performing same Download PDF

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Publication number
US3684854A
US3684854A US45002A US3684854DA US3684854A US 3684854 A US3684854 A US 3684854A US 45002 A US45002 A US 45002A US 3684854D A US3684854D A US 3684854DA US 3684854 A US3684854 A US 3684854A
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United States
Prior art keywords
inductor
electric
rotation
induction heating
plane
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Expired - Lifetime
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US45002A
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English (en)
Inventor
Vladimir Filippovich Nikonov
Anatoly Georgievich Orlovsky
Grigory Arkadievich Ostrovsky
Alexandr Moiseevich Riskind
Anatoly Loginovich Stepin
Konstantin Zakh Shepelyakovsky
Isaak Nakhimovich Shklyarov
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Priority claimed from SU1336660A external-priority patent/SU275086A1/ru
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Publication of US3684854A publication Critical patent/US3684854A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/34—Methods of heating
    • C21D1/42—Induction heating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of electric induction heating of heat treatable metallic work pieces steel articles and to apparatus for performing said heating.
  • the invention also resides in an apparatus capable of performing the above, characterized in that the electric current turns of the inductor structure lie in planes perpendicular the plane of rotation of the article being heated, some of these active electric current conductors of said inductor being disposed on one side from the plane of rotation of said article and being connected for electric current to flow therethrough in one direction, the other ones of the active electric current conductors of the inductor being disposed on the opposite side from the plane of rotation of said article and being connected for electric current to flow therethrough in another direction, opposite to the first direction.
  • the present invention relates to thermal treatment of metallic workpieces and, more particularly, it relates to a method of induction heating of steel components such as cross spiders for universal joints and to apparatus for performing such heating.
  • Uniform heating of a component to a desired optimal temperature for thermal treatment of the component is an important prerogative for good mechanical properties of the component after the treatment.
  • a component is treated, for instance, for a thermal hardening operation, both overheating and underheating of individual portions of the component can affect the mechanical properties of steel in these portions, whereby the quality of the component, as a whole, is affected.
  • the present invention provides a method of electric induction heating of steel components of intricate configuration and an apparatus for performing such heating, which results in improved mechanical properties of the components after a hardening operation.
  • the method of the invention comprises the step of rotating each article being heated within an inductor structure, about an axis extending substantially at right angles to the direction of the magnetic flux generated by said inductor structure in operation thereof.
  • the workpieces are rotated about axes perpendicular to the direction of the lines of the magnetic flux generated by said inductor structure in operation thereof.
  • the present invention further resides in an apparatus for performing heating by the above specified method, comprising a rotary table, a plurality of spindles mounted for rotation on said rotary table, each said spindle being adapted to carry thereon an article and to be rotated on its own axis together with said article, and a relatively stationary multi-coil inductor of a oncethrough type, wherein, in accordance with the present invention, the active electric current carrying conductors of said inductor extend in planes substantially perpendicular to the respective axes of said spindles, some of said active electric current carrying conductors of said inductor, disposed on one side from the plane of rotation of said articles, being electrically connected for electric current to flow therethrough in one direction, the other ones of said active electric current carrying conductors of said inductor, disposed on the opposite side from said plane of rotation, being connected for electric current to flow therethrough in another direction, opposite to said first direction.
  • FIG. 1 shows an apparatus for thermal treatment of steel cross spiders for universal joints
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional schematic view of an inductor structure and a cross spider placed within this inductor structure;
  • FIGS. 3 to 5 illustrate schematically the distribution of the electric currents induced in a cross spider rotated about an axis extending at substantially right angles to the direction of the flux of a magnetic field H.
  • an apparatus for performing a method embodying the present invention comprises a framework 1 (FIG. 1) supporting thereon a rotary table 2 with a plurality of spindles 3 mounted for rotation on the rotary table 2 and uniformly circumferentially spaced therearound.
  • the apparatus further comprises a stationary multi-coil inductor 4 of a once-through type, a cooling agent sprayer 5 and a mechanism 6 for removing articles off the spindles 6, operatively connected with a drive 7.
  • Active electric-current conductors 9 of the inductor 4 are disposed in planes perpendicular to the axes I I of the spindles 3. They surround the cross spider 8 mounted on the spindle 3 both from the side of the cross spider, facing the rotary table 2 i.e., from below) and from the opposite side of the cross spider (i.e. from above).
  • the spindle 3 and the cross spider 8 carried thereby are rotated about the axis of the spindle at a predetermined angular speed.
  • Those of the current conductors 9 of the inductor 4, which are disposed on one side from the plane of rotation of the cross spider 8, have the electric current flowing therethrough in one direction (indicated with a symbol in (FIG. 2), whereas the rest of the current conductors 9, disposed on the opposite side from the plane of rotation of the cross spider, are connected for the electric current to flow therethrough in a direction opposite to the first one (indicated with a symbol in FIG. 2).
  • FIGS. 3 to 5 of the accompanying drawings that when the cross spider 8 with its four projections 10, ll, 12 and 13 is rotated about the axis I l extending substantially at right angles to the direction H of the lines of the magnetic field, induction of the electric current which effects the heating of the projections 10, 1 1, 12 and 13 of the cross spider 8 takes place alternatingly in a magnetic field which, as far as each individual projection is concerned, now extends longitudinally relative to this projection, and then extends laterally relative to the same projection.
  • the respective directions of the electric currents I induced in the cross spider 8 are indicated by curved arrow lines in FIGS. 3 to 5 of the accompanying drawings.
  • the electric current I effecting the heating of the projection 10 is induced in a magnetic field directed longitudinally of the axis of the projection; in a position indicated in FIG. 5 the magnetic field is directed laterally of the projection 10, and in an intermediate position shown in FIG. 4 the magnetic field is directed at an acute angle to the axis of the projection.
  • the projection 11 shown in FIG. 3 is heated by the electric current induced by the transverse magnetic field and in FIG. 5 by the longitudinal magnetic field.
  • cross spiders when the cross spiders are rotated about'an axis extending substantially at right angles to the direction H of the magnetic field effecting the heating of these cross spiders, the latter are uniformly heated for a hardening operation, the temperature differential between various portions of the cross spiders not exceeding 20 C. This results in superior mechanical properties of the components after the hardening operation.
  • a method of electric induction heating of heat treatable metallic workpieces comprising: conveying the workpieces in a first plane through an electric inductor to heat the workpieces; mounting each workpiece for rotation on its own axis substantially perpendicular to said first plane as the workpiece is conveyed through the inductor; and arranging electric coils of the inductor in such a manner that the direction of lines of magnetic flux produced by the electric coils in their operation is substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of each workpiece.
  • An apparatus for electric induction heating of steel components for thermal hardening thereof comprising: a rotary table mounted on a support structure and a driving means to rotate the table; a plurality of spindles mounted perpendicular to a plane of the rotary table for rotation about their respective axes, each said.
  • spindle being adapted to rotatingly support thereon a component to be heat treated; a relatively stationary electric inductor mounted on said support structure, the inductor comprising conductor coils with each turn disposed in a plane substantially parallel to the respective axes of said spindles, such that said components on the spindles are capable of being conveyed through the conductor coils of the inductor structure.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
US45002A 1969-06-17 1970-06-10 Method of induction heating of heat-treatable metallic workpieces and apparatus for performing same Expired - Lifetime US3684854A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SU1336660A SU275086A1 (https=) 1969-06-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3684854A true US3684854A (en) 1972-08-15

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US45002A Expired - Lifetime US3684854A (en) 1969-06-17 1970-06-10 Method of induction heating of heat-treatable metallic workpieces and apparatus for performing same

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US (1) US3684854A (https=)
FR (1) FR2052687A5 (https=)
GB (1) GB1274616A (https=)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4569218A (en) * 1983-07-12 1986-02-11 Alumax, Inc. Apparatus and process for producing shaped metal parts
US4712413A (en) * 1986-09-22 1987-12-15 Alumax, Inc. Billet heating process
WO2001034851A1 (de) * 1999-11-10 2001-05-17 Voith Turbo Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur verbesserung der mechanischen eigenschaften, insbesondere der härte, von zapfenkreuzen für den einsatz in gelenkwellen
US20030104870A1 (en) * 2001-06-22 2003-06-05 Mark Shuster Case hardened journal cross for use in a universal joint and method of manufacturing same

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS58173612A (ja) * 1982-04-06 1983-10-12 Japan Crown Cork Co Ltd 回転式合成樹脂製容器蓋加圧成形装置

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2439517A (en) * 1945-11-10 1948-04-13 Western Electric Co Induction heating apparatus
US2476935A (en) * 1946-06-25 1949-07-19 Westinghouse Electric Corp Induction heating apparatus
US3005894A (en) * 1957-12-16 1961-10-24 Westinghouse Electric Corp Cartridge case hardening apparatus
US3083285A (en) * 1960-10-13 1963-03-26 Induction Heating And Engineer Apparatus for heat treating the ends of work pieces

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2439517A (en) * 1945-11-10 1948-04-13 Western Electric Co Induction heating apparatus
US2476935A (en) * 1946-06-25 1949-07-19 Westinghouse Electric Corp Induction heating apparatus
US3005894A (en) * 1957-12-16 1961-10-24 Westinghouse Electric Corp Cartridge case hardening apparatus
US3083285A (en) * 1960-10-13 1963-03-26 Induction Heating And Engineer Apparatus for heat treating the ends of work pieces

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4569218A (en) * 1983-07-12 1986-02-11 Alumax, Inc. Apparatus and process for producing shaped metal parts
US4712413A (en) * 1986-09-22 1987-12-15 Alumax, Inc. Billet heating process
WO2001034851A1 (de) * 1999-11-10 2001-05-17 Voith Turbo Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zur verbesserung der mechanischen eigenschaften, insbesondere der härte, von zapfenkreuzen für den einsatz in gelenkwellen
US6734406B1 (en) 1999-11-10 2004-05-11 Voith Turbo Gmbh Co. Kg Method for improving the mechanical properties of journal crosses by induction heating
US20030104870A1 (en) * 2001-06-22 2003-06-05 Mark Shuster Case hardened journal cross for use in a universal joint and method of manufacturing same
US6797084B2 (en) 2001-06-22 2004-09-28 Dana Corporation Method of manufacturing case hardened journal cross for use in a universal joint

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2052687A5 (https=) 1971-04-09
GB1274616A (en) 1972-05-17
DE2029819B2 (de) 1972-11-23
DE2029819A1 (de) 1971-11-18

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