US3680311A - Autonomous device for the storage and use of hydraulic and/or pneumatic power - Google Patents

Autonomous device for the storage and use of hydraulic and/or pneumatic power Download PDF

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Publication number
US3680311A
US3680311A US122662A US3680311DA US3680311A US 3680311 A US3680311 A US 3680311A US 122662 A US122662 A US 122662A US 3680311D A US3680311D A US 3680311DA US 3680311 A US3680311 A US 3680311A
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Prior art keywords
distributor
safety
hydraulic
accumulator
main
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Expired - Lifetime
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US122662A
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English (en)
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Jacques Harbonn
Jean-Pierre Aubert
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
    • E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
    • E21B33/035—Well heads; Setting-up thereof specially adapted for underwater installations
    • E21B33/0355—Control systems, e.g. hydraulic, pneumatic, electric, acoustic, for submerged well heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B20/00—Safety arrangements for fluid actuator systems; Applications of safety devices in fluid actuator systems; Emergency measures for fluid actuator systems
    • F15B20/002—Electrical failure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B20/00—Safety arrangements for fluid actuator systems; Applications of safety devices in fluid actuator systems; Emergency measures for fluid actuator systems
    • F15B20/005—Leakage; Spillage; Hose burst
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S60/00—Power plants
    • Y10S60/911—Fluid motor system incorporating electrical system

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Autonomous device for the storage and use of pressurized fluid comprising one main fluid accumulator connected to a source; of pressurized fluid, at least one double-acting jack the two chambers of which are connected to said main accumulator through separate pipes and through a remotely controllable main distributor adapted to connect onelor the other of said separate pipes to the main accumulator, a safety accumulator of pressurized fluid connected to a first of said chambers through a safety distributor allowing, in working condition, the communication of said first chamber with the main accumulator and, in emergency condition, the communication of said first chamber with the safety accumulator while discontinuing the communication of any chamber with the main distributor, and means for detecting any failure of the device, adapted to switch the device to the emergency condition in case of
  • the secondary installation is very far from the main installation and, for practical reasons, it might be desirable to avoid the presence of any material connection between the main installation and one or more secondary installations.
  • This can be achieved by the use of known remote control devices. These connections are performed by transmission of acoustic and/or or electromagnetic waves, the selection of the type of transmission depend- I ing on the medium wherein are placed the installations.
  • Autonomous power generators such as isotopic electrical generators, fuel cells and the like, seem to be convenient as power sources for said purpose in spite of their high cost.
  • generators may be used for feeding a secondary installation with hydraulic or pneumatic power. stored in accumulators forming part of the equipment of the secondary installation. It is thus possible to avoid any material connection between the main installation and one or more secondary installations. But with this arrangement the safety of operation of the autonomous device for the storage and distribution of hydraulic and/or air power has to be'insured. I It is therefore an object of this invention to provide an autonomous device for the storage of hydraulic and/or air power, with a high safety of operation.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a device of the above-mentioned type so designed that any failure of the device would automatically cause the switching to a security condition of the installation equipped therewith, said device being insensitive to any undesired remote control signal which it might receive after the failure has been detected and as long as the cause of the latter has not been suppressed.
  • an autonomous device for the storage and use of pressurized fluid comprising at least one main fluid accumulator, connected to a source of pressurized fluid, and at least one member using the-fluid pressure, including an operating element comprising a first orifice whose feeding with pressurized fluid insures the operation of said using member and a second orifice, whose feeding with pressurized fluid, insures the switching to a security condition of said device, said operating element being connected to said accumulator through a main distributor of pressurized fluid having a first and a second outlet pipes, respectively for the feeding of said first and said second orifices with pressurized fluid from said main accumulator, said distributor being provided with remote control means, said device comprising at least one safety accumulator of pressurized fluid, connected to said second orifice of the operating element, in parallel with said second outlet pipe of the main distributor, through a safety distributor having a working position at which the second orifice of the operating element communicates with said
  • FIG. 1 shows a simplified diagram of an autonomous device for the production and use of hydraulicpower
  • FIGS. 2 and 2A diagrammatically illustrate the normal operation of a preferred embodiment of the device of the invention
  • FIG. 2 B is a partial view of thedevice of FIG. 2 in its security position, a
  • FIG. 3 illustrates another embodiment of the device of FIG. 2.
  • the device of the. invention for feeding with hydraulic power operating elements of a producing submerged well head, comprising an acoustic transmitting-receiving device which may be of any known typeand remotely controlled from a main surface installation, e.g. a floating installation which may be at a distance-of several kilometers from the well head.
  • the elements to be controlled may be valves and it is desirable that any occuringfailure of the equipment would result, for obvious security reasons,
  • the hydraulic accumulator provides the fluid neces- I sary for the control of the element 6 through the hydraulic conduits 7 and 8 and the distributor assembly diagrammatically shown with reference 9
  • the hydraulic distributors 9 are remotely controlled from the main installation by means of the transmitterreceiver 5 which transmits to these distributors, through a cable. 10, a signal which is characteristic of the operation to be performed on element 6.
  • the principle of operation of this assembly is simple.
  • the pump of the motor pump unit' is driven in rotation by the motor fed with electric energy by the generator 1 and charges the hydraulic accumulators 3 which may deliver to member 6, when sufficiently charged, the required pressurized fluid, through hydraulic conduits 7 and 8 and distributors 9.
  • the distributors 9 are actuated by a signal delivered by the transmitter-receiverS through cable 10.
  • FIG. 2 diagrammatically shows an embodiment of the device according to the invention in its operating position.
  • the autonomous electricity generator 1 which may consist of an isotopic generator or a fuel cell, produces a direct current which, through cable 11, permanently charges a battery of electric accumulators 12.
  • the charge current of battery 12 is maintained to a,substantially constant value by means of a regulator 13, placed in series in the charge circuit of the battery.
  • the value of said current is so selected as to be compatible both with the value of the current which the generator 1 can produce and with the charge current of battery 12 which, as well known by those skilled in the art,depends on the capacity of said battery.
  • This accumulator battery stores the power supplied by generator 1.
  • the motorl6 drives in rotation a pump 34 for pressurizing. the hydraulic fluid.
  • This pump is connected through-a filter 35 and a pipe 36 to a hydraulic fluid tank or cistern 70.
  • the hydraulic fluid, pressurized by the pump 34 is distributed through pipes 37 to working hydraulic accumulators 38, connected in parallel, and through pipe 39 to a safety hydraulic accumulator 40.
  • a non return valve 41 prevents the discharge of accumulators 38 into the pump 34, while a non-return valve 42 prevents the discharge of the safety hydraulic accumulator 40 into the working accumulators38.
  • a security valve 43 connects the outlet of pump 34 to the tank through pipe 44, when the hydraulic fluid pressure at the outlet of the pump exceeds a value P at which the valve 43 has been calibrated.
  • a pressurestat 45 connected to pipe 37 through pipe 46 and associated to the switch 15 by means of the connection diagrammatically shown and indicated by reference 71, permanently measures the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in accumulators 38.
  • P min the pressurestat 45 45 controls the closure of the switch 15, thereby allowing the feeding withelectric current of the motor 16 driving the pump 34.
  • P max a predetermined maximum valve
  • the working hydraulic accumulators 38 are connected through a pipe 47 to a number of control electro-distributors 25 (only one of these distributors being shown on the drawing for sake of clarity).
  • the electro-distributor is also connected through a pipe 48 to the tank 70.
  • the electro-distributor 25 is a four-ways and twopistons distributor, controlled by two electrical relays 23 and 24.
  • one of the outlets of the electro-distributor 25 is connected, through pipe 49, a safety hydraulic distributor 50 and a pipe 51, to one of the chambers 52 of a double-acting jack 53 which actuates the element to be operated (not shown) of the well head.
  • the other outlet of the distributor 15 is similarly connected, through conduits 54and 55 and safety hydraulic distributor 56 to the second chamber 57 of the double-acting jack 53.
  • the safety hydraulic distributors 50 and 56 are twoways distributors with two positions hydraulically controlled by means of a single acting piston and comprising a return spring.
  • the pressure of the working hydraulic accumulators 38 is applied onto the control pistons of the safety hydraulic distributors 50 and 56 through pipe 58 During the normal operating phase the distributors 50 and 56 are in the position shown in FIG. 2.
  • the safety hydraulic accumulator 40 is connected through pipe 59 to a second inlet of the safety distributor 50, while a pipe 60 connects the tank 70 to the second inlet of distributor 56.
  • the working hydraulic accumulators 38 are connected, through pipe 61, to the inlet of an electrical safety electro-distributor 62, having one way and two positions.
  • the outlet of distributor 62 is connected through pipe 63 to the tank 70.
  • the electro-distributor 62 is actuated by a relay 64 connected to the terminals of condenser 22 through conductors 65 and 66 and switch 19.
  • Detectors 67 are used for measuring the characteristic parameters of the well operation such as the pressure, the temperature etc... and, in response to abnormal values of these parameters, deliver a signal which is transmitted, through cable 68 to relay 69 which actuates the opening of switches 31, 32 and the closure of switch 33.
  • Switches 29 and 3,0 are controlled by the transmitterreceiver 5 as hereinafter indicated.
  • the generator 1 permanently charges the battery 12 of electrical accumulators with a current maintained constant by regulator 13.
  • the battery 12 feeds relay 17 which maintains the switches 18 and 19 in the position shown in FIG. 2, thereby allowing the condenser 22 to be charged through conductor 20, switch 18 and conductor 21, the electro-distributor 62 then being in the position shown in said figure.
  • the switch being closed by the pressurestat 45, the motor 16 is fed with electric current from battery 12, through cable 14.
  • the motor 16 drives the pump 34 which pressurizes the hydraulic fluid and feeds, through pipes 37 and 39 and non-return valves 41, 42, the working hydraulic accumulators 38 and the safety hydraulic accumulator 40.
  • the pressurestat 45 opens the switch 15 for discontinuing the motor feed and stopping the pump 34.
  • the nonreturn valve 42 prevents any discharge of accumulator 40 in the circuit of accumulators 38 and the valve 41 prevents the discharge of accumulators 38 into the pump 34.
  • the pressure in accumulators 38 decreases and reaches a predetermined minimal value difierent from zero, P min., the pressurestat closes the switch 15, thus allowing again the pressurization of accumulators 38 by the pump 34.
  • the transmitter-receiver 5 actuates the switches 29 and 30.
  • the transmitter-receiver 5 opens the switch 30 and closes the switch 29 and vice-versa in the case of an order for opening (0).
  • the relay 24 of electrodistributor 25 is fed with electric current through cables 26 and 27 and switches 29 and 31.
  • the relay 24 than switches the electro-distributor to the position shown in FIG. 2 and the chamber 52 of the double-acting jack 53 is fed with pressurized fluid through pipes 47, 49 and 51, whereas chamber 57 is connected to the tank through pipes 55, 54 and 48.
  • the piston of the double-acting jack moves in such a direction as to result in the closure of the element to be controlled.
  • the transmitter-receiver 5 When the transmitter-receiver 5 receives an order of opening, it opens the switch 30 and the relay 23 of the electro-distributor 25 is then fed with current through cables 26 and 28 and switches 30 and 32.
  • This relay switches the distributor 25 to the position shown in FIG. 2A, i.e. where chamber 57 of piston 53 is fed with pressurized fluid through pipes 47, 54 and 55, whereas chamber 52 is connected with tank 70 through pipes 51, 49 and 48. The piston is then moved in the direction where it produces the closure of the controlled element.
  • the security condition has been defined as that of closure of the well head valves.
  • the chamber 52 receives the previously stored pressurized fluid, as above indicated, in the safety hydraulic accu' mulator 40, whereas chamber 57 is connected to tank 70 and the piston of jack 53 moves in a direction where it results in the closure of the valve. Any remote control of piston 53 by means of receiver 5 than becomes impossible and the valves are kept closed.
  • Detectors such as 67 are permanently measuring certain parameters such as the pressure and the temperature in the producing well.
  • the corresponding detector delivers a signal which, through conductor 68, feeds the relay 69.
  • This relay 69 opens the switches 31 and 32, thus preventing the execution of an order received by the transmitter-receiver 5, and closes the relay 33, this resulting, through nonconductor 26 and 27 and switch 33, in the feeding of the relay 24 of the electro-distributor, thereby causing, as above indicated, the switch of the valve to a closure position.
  • a distributor 43 provided at the outlet of pump 34, may be used for connecting the latter to the tank 70 when the pressure at the pump outlet reaches a value higher than the above defined predetermined value P max.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates another embodiment of the device shown in FIG. 2.
  • the detector 67 actuates a distributor or a discharge device 71, having one way and two positions-When the detector 67 delivers a security signal to relay-67 of said distributor 71, through cable 68, the distributor 71 takes the position shown in FIG. 3 where the conduit 58 is connected to the tank 70 through pipes 72 and 73, thereby causing, through the above-described procedure, the switch to their security position of thedistributors 50 and 56 and the closure of the valves by the safety accumulator 40.
  • the capacity of accumulator 40 will be selected great enough for insuring the simultaneous closure of all the elements.
  • the hydraulic fluid will be selected by the user in accordance with the operating and the prevailing conditions (e.g., the ambient temperature).
  • control devices may be used for transmitting position or operation data through the 5, from the device to the main installation.
  • An autonomous device for the storage and use of a I fluid insures the operation of said member, and a second orifice (F), the feeding of which insures the switching to a security position of said member, said operating element being connected to said accumulator through a main distributor (25) of pressurized fluid having a first (54) and a second (49) outlet ducts, respectively feeding said first (O) and said second (F) orifices with pressurized fluid from said main accumulator (38), said distributor being provided with remote control means, said device comprising a safety accumulator (40) of pressurized fluid, wherein said safety accumulator (40) is connected to said second orifice (F) of the operating element (53) in parallel with said second outlet duct (49) of the main distributor, through a safety distributor (50, 56) having a working position at which said second orifice (F) of the operating element (53) communicates with said second outlet duct (49) of the main distributor and an emergency position at which said safety distributor establishes a communication between said second or
  • said means for detecting the failures of the device comprise hydraulic means for controlling said safety distributor, said means being connected (58) to said main hydraulic accumulator and being adapted to maintain said safety distributor (50, 56) against the antagonistic action of repelling means, in said working position for values of the hydraulic fluid pressure in said main accumulator at least equal to a predetermined value P min.
  • a device comprising at least one hydraulic discharge device (62, FIG. 2 71 FIG. 3) the inlet of which is connected to the main hydraulic accumulator (38) and adapted, in response to a control signal, to switch to the emergency position said safety distributor (50, 56), by decreasing thehydraulic pressure feeding said hydraulic means for controlling said safety distributor (50, 56).
  • a device comprising an autonomous power source feeding a battery of electrical accumulators (12) which supplies a current to a motor (M) driving a pump (P1 for pressurizing the fluid, comprising an electrical relay (17) fed by said electrical battery (12) and actuating two switches (18, 19) a first one of which (18) connects a condenser (22) to the terminals of the electrical battery (12) and the second one (19) connects said condenser (22) to the terminals of a relay (64) for controlling said hydraulic discharge device (62), said relay (64) being, for a value of the voltage at the battery terminals greater than a predetermined value Um, adapted to close said first switch (18) and to maintain open said second switch (19), thus a1- lowing the capacity to be charged, and conversely, for a value of the voltage at the battery terminals lower than said predetermined value Urn, to'open said first switch (18) and to close said second switch (19), thereby allowing the discharge device (62) to be controlled by the discharge of condens
  • Device comprising detectors parameters of the device, wherein said detectors are adapted (FIG. 3) to deliver an order signal for abnor- (67) for controlling the characteristic operation 5

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Supply Devices, Intensifiers, Converters, And Telemotors (AREA)
US122662A 1970-03-12 1971-03-10 Autonomous device for the storage and use of hydraulic and/or pneumatic power Expired - Lifetime US3680311A (en)

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FR7009000A FR2082386A5 (xx) 1970-03-12 1970-03-12

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BE (1) BE763636A (xx)
CA (1) CA938861A (xx)
DE (1) DE2111555A1 (xx)
FR (1) FR2082386A5 (xx)
GB (1) GB1303600A (xx)
NL (1) NL7103095A (xx)
NO (1) NO130490C (xx)
OA (1) OA03690A (xx)
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Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3797516A (en) * 1970-09-18 1974-03-19 Kernforschungsanlage Juelich System for controlling the gas pressure in a closed gas recirculation installation
US3926124A (en) * 1974-07-25 1975-12-16 Abex Corp Railroad car retarders
US4036106A (en) * 1975-04-03 1977-07-19 Southwestern Manufacturing Co. Actuator control system
US4051676A (en) * 1976-03-25 1977-10-04 Ledeen Flow Control Systems, Inc. Hydraulic valve actuator
US4209986A (en) * 1978-04-17 1980-07-01 Cunningham Robert F Method of and apparatus for auxiliary control of fluid operated steering apparatus for ships, boats and the like
US4335867A (en) * 1977-10-06 1982-06-22 Bihlmaier John A Pneumatic-hydraulic actuator system
US4350091A (en) * 1980-01-15 1982-09-21 J. E. Myles, Inc. Crank press with hydraulic transmission
US4647004A (en) * 1977-10-06 1987-03-03 Bihlmaier John A Pneumatic-hydraulic actuator system
EP0236850A2 (de) * 1986-03-07 1987-09-16 Drägerwerk Aktiengesellschaft Gasversorgungseinheit für pneumatisch betriebene Geräte
US5020322A (en) * 1988-11-08 1991-06-04 Sundstrand Corporation Accumulator blow-back hydraulic circuit
US5301505A (en) * 1992-12-04 1994-04-12 Wright John J Fail safe linear actuator system
US20060192053A1 (en) * 2005-02-25 2006-08-31 Crangle Gage B Systems and methods for controlling flexible communication links used for aircraft refueling
EP1731769A1 (en) * 2005-06-08 2006-12-13 The Boeing Company Systems and methods for providing back-up hydraulic power for aircraft, including tanker aircraft
US20060278760A1 (en) * 2005-06-09 2006-12-14 The Boeing Company Fittings with redundant seals for aircraft fuel lines, fuel tanks, and other systems
US20070102583A1 (en) * 2005-10-26 2007-05-10 Cutler Theron L Systems and methods for reducing surge loads in hose assemblies, including aircraft refueling hose assemblies
US20080054124A1 (en) * 2005-06-20 2008-03-06 The Boeing Company Controllable refueling drogues and associated systems and methods
WO2008074995A1 (en) * 2006-12-21 2008-06-26 Geoprober Drilling Limited Electrical power storage and pressurised fluid supply system
US20080302916A1 (en) * 2005-03-24 2008-12-11 Speer Thomas E Systems and methods for automatically and semiautomatically controlling aircraft refueling
US20090242694A1 (en) * 2008-03-31 2009-10-01 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Hydraulic system for aircraft
US20100024189A1 (en) * 2005-06-09 2010-02-04 The Boeing Company Systems and Methods for Distributing Loads from Fluid Conduits, Including Aircraft Fuel Conduits
US20110259675A1 (en) * 2010-04-22 2011-10-27 Bishamon Industries Corporation Variable-capacity self-adjusting pneumatic load elevator
US20130333894A1 (en) * 2011-03-07 2013-12-19 Moog Inc. Subsea actuation system
KR20150081340A (ko) * 2012-11-07 2015-07-13 트랜스오션 세드코 포렉스 벤쳐스 리미티드 유정폭발 방지기를 위한 해저 에너지 저장부
WO2016182449A1 (en) * 2015-05-08 2016-11-17 Optime Subsea Services As A system for remote operation of downhole well equipment
US10196871B2 (en) * 2014-09-30 2019-02-05 Hydril USA Distribution LLC Sil rated system for blowout preventer control
US10677267B2 (en) * 2017-05-29 2020-06-09 Tkr Spezialwerkzeuge Gmbh Pneumatic unit for a hydropneumatic pressure booster
US10876369B2 (en) 2014-09-30 2020-12-29 Hydril USA Distribution LLC High pressure blowout preventer system
CN113027829A (zh) * 2021-03-01 2021-06-25 广东博智林机器人有限公司 液压系统
US11668149B2 (en) 2015-11-17 2023-06-06 Transocean Innovation Labs Ltd. Reliability assessable systems for actuating hydraulically actuated devices and related methods

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FR2423807A1 (fr) * 1978-04-17 1979-11-16 Europ Propulsion Systeme de telecommande notamment pour equipements immerges
SE500967C2 (sv) * 1993-11-18 1994-10-10 Pressmaster Tool Ab Förfarande för drivning av ett hydrauliskt arbetsverktyg och anordning för genomförande av förfarandet

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US2463325A (en) * 1946-04-19 1949-03-01 Goodman Mfg Co Hydraulic braking system
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US2396984A (en) * 1944-08-02 1946-03-19 North American Aviation Inc Hydraulic system
US2463325A (en) * 1946-04-19 1949-03-01 Goodman Mfg Co Hydraulic braking system
US2679854A (en) * 1950-06-06 1954-06-01 Merit Engineering Inc Hydraulic regulator
US2804753A (en) * 1956-03-27 1957-09-03 Leduc Rene Hydraulic servo-system

Cited By (50)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3797516A (en) * 1970-09-18 1974-03-19 Kernforschungsanlage Juelich System for controlling the gas pressure in a closed gas recirculation installation
US3926124A (en) * 1974-07-25 1975-12-16 Abex Corp Railroad car retarders
US4036106A (en) * 1975-04-03 1977-07-19 Southwestern Manufacturing Co. Actuator control system
US4051676A (en) * 1976-03-25 1977-10-04 Ledeen Flow Control Systems, Inc. Hydraulic valve actuator
US4335867A (en) * 1977-10-06 1982-06-22 Bihlmaier John A Pneumatic-hydraulic actuator system
US4647004A (en) * 1977-10-06 1987-03-03 Bihlmaier John A Pneumatic-hydraulic actuator system
US4209986A (en) * 1978-04-17 1980-07-01 Cunningham Robert F Method of and apparatus for auxiliary control of fluid operated steering apparatus for ships, boats and the like
US4350091A (en) * 1980-01-15 1982-09-21 J. E. Myles, Inc. Crank press with hydraulic transmission
EP0236850A2 (de) * 1986-03-07 1987-09-16 Drägerwerk Aktiengesellschaft Gasversorgungseinheit für pneumatisch betriebene Geräte
EP0236850A3 (de) * 1986-03-07 1988-07-06 Drägerwerk Aktiengesellschaft Gasversorgungseinheit für pneumatisch betriebene Geräte
US5020322A (en) * 1988-11-08 1991-06-04 Sundstrand Corporation Accumulator blow-back hydraulic circuit
US5301505A (en) * 1992-12-04 1994-04-12 Wright John J Fail safe linear actuator system
US20060192053A1 (en) * 2005-02-25 2006-08-31 Crangle Gage B Systems and methods for controlling flexible communication links used for aircraft refueling
US7309047B2 (en) 2005-02-25 2007-12-18 The Boeing Company Systems and methods for controlling flexible communication links used for aircraft refueling
US20080302916A1 (en) * 2005-03-24 2008-12-11 Speer Thomas E Systems and methods for automatically and semiautomatically controlling aircraft refueling
US7469863B1 (en) 2005-03-24 2008-12-30 The Boeing Company Systems and methods for automatically and semiautomatically controlling aircraft refueling
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OA03690A (fr) 1971-12-24
NO130490B (xx) 1974-09-09
BE763636A (fr) 1971-09-02
FR2082386A5 (xx) 1971-12-10
CA938861A (en) 1973-12-25
GB1303600A (xx) 1973-01-17
DE2111555A1 (de) 1971-11-04
SE362691B (xx) 1973-12-17
NL7103095A (xx) 1971-09-14
SU462352A3 (ru) 1975-02-28
NO130490C (xx) 1974-12-18

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