US3675416A - Vapor power plant - Google Patents

Vapor power plant Download PDF

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Publication number
US3675416A
US3675416A US71033A US3675416DA US3675416A US 3675416 A US3675416 A US 3675416A US 71033 A US71033 A US 71033A US 3675416D A US3675416D A US 3675416DA US 3675416 A US3675416 A US 3675416A
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United States
Prior art keywords
prime mover
liquid
evaporator
cooling
working fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US71033A
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English (en)
Inventor
Riichi Maeda
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nissan Motor Co Ltd filed Critical Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3675416A publication Critical patent/US3675416A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours

Definitions

  • a vapor power plant has been proposed and put into limited practice so as to supersede conventional internal combustion engines from which noxious compounds such as carbon monoxides, hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides are emitted to the atmosphere causing serious air pollution problems where the internal combustion engines are used in motor vehicles.
  • the vapor power plant which is a variant of external combustion engines, is driven with a working fluid which is vaporized from a cool liquid. lf, in this instance, it is not desired for economical reasons to have an exhaust from the prime mover discharged into the open air, the exhaust should be repeatedly cooled and recycled in a closed circuit to drive the prime mover continuously.
  • An object of the invention is therefore to provide an improved method of cooling exhaust from a vapor power plant in which the exhaust is free from freezing even in chilly weathers.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an improved method of cooling exhaust from a prime mover of a vapor power plant with an increased performance efficiency and with use of a compact and effective cooling unit.
  • Still another object is to provide a vapor power plant having means to cool and liquefy exhaust discharged from a prime mover of a power plant for repeated use or recycling of a working plant which, on the other hand, is utilized as a medium for cooling the exhaust recycled.
  • a working fluid for the vapor power plant those chemical compounds which have a freezing point lower than minus 30 C at an atmospheric pressure.
  • the working fluid may preferably have a boiling point lower than 95 C.
  • the same liquid is utilized, on one hand, as a working fluid and, on the other hand, as a cooling medium.
  • the method proposed by this invention as advantageous for cooling the exhaust from the prime mover of the power plant consists of the continuously repeated cycles each of which comprises contacting the exhaust with forcedly cooled fluid for cooling down and liquefying the exhaust into a liquid which is mixed with the cooled liquid serving as a cooling medium, vaporizing a portion of the resultant cool liquid into a working fluid for driving the prime mover, and forcedly cooling the remaining portion of the cool liquid for contact with the exhaust discharged successively from the prime mover, wherein the liquid used for both driving the prime mover and cooling the exhaust from the prime mover has a freezing point lower than minus 30 C.
  • the cooling medium used to carry out the method according to the invention is of a liquid phase
  • a relatively high thermal conductivity between the exhaust and the cooling medium is available without use of a large-sized, space-taking cooling unit.
  • the use of a liquid with a relatively low freezing point, the liquid is practically free from freezing when cooled down even in unusually chilly weathers.
  • a vapor power plant comprising a working fluid circuit including an evaporator for vaporizing a cool liquid into a vaporized working fluid and a prime mover receiving the vaporized working fluid from the evaporator and driven therewith, and a cooling fluid circuit including a cooling means, the working fluid and cooling fluid circuits sharing a common chamber communicating with the outlet port of the prime mover and the cooling means and a common liquid reservoir communicating with the inlet ports of the evaporator and the cooling.
  • Pumps, valves and other regulating means may be provided between any of the components of the thus constructed power plant.
  • the liquid which is advantageously operable in the method and apparatus according to the invention is trichloromonofluoromethane, butyl acetate, diethyl carbonate, butyl ether, O-dichlorobenzene, monobromobenzene, hexafluorobenzene, trichlorotrifluoroethane, or a mixture of two or more of these, but other fluoroor hydrocarbons may also be used, if desired.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of a vapor power plant incorporating the improvements according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a view showing a modification of the power plant illustrated in FIG. I.
  • the evaporator communicates at its outlet port with an inlet port of a prime mover 12 to which the working fluid vaporized in the evaporator 10 is delivered.
  • a regulator valve 13 may be interposed between the outlet port of the evaporator l0 and the inlet port of the prime mover 12, whereby the flow rate of the vapor is adjusted as desired.
  • the prime mover l2 communicates at its outlet port with an inlet of a vapor condenser 14 through an exhaust passage 15, whereby the exhaust discharged from the outlet port of the prime mover I2 is fed into the condenser 14 in which the vapor is cooled and liquefied as explained later.
  • the condenser 14 in turn, communicates at its outlet port with an inlet port of a liquid reservoir l6 and the cool liquid in the condenser 14 is passed over to the reservoir 16 for temporary storage.
  • the reservoir 16 communicates at its outlet port with an inlet port of the boiler 10 through a feed pump 17 so that a portion of the cool liquid in the reservoir is pumped by the feed pump 17 into the evaporator 10 for vaporization into a working fluid.
  • a closed working fluid circuit is thus formed by the evaporator 10, prime mover l2, exhaust passage 15, condenser 14 and liquid reservoir 16.
  • the burning means which is generally represented by reference numeral 11 is made up, by way of example, of a fuel storage tank 11a containing fuel therein, a fuel pump llb communicating with the fuel storage tank for pumping out the fuel therefrom, a fuel flow regulator llc adapted to regulate the flow rate of the fuel to be passed therethrough, and a burner 11d which receives the fuel from the regulator 11: and burns the fuel to heat the evaporator 10.
  • the burning means 11 may be arranged otherwise insofar as the purpose of heating the boiler 10 in a selected manner is achieved.
  • the power plant shown in FIG. 1 includes another closed circuit for the circulation and forced cooling of the liquid to cool and liquefy the exhaust introduced into the condenser 14 from the prime mover 12.
  • This cooling fluid circuit comprises a circulating pump 18 which communicates with a second outlet of the liquid reservoir 16 for pumping out a portion of the cool liquid therefrom.
  • the pump 18 communicates with an inlet port of a cooling means or radiator l9 so that the cool liquid is pumped into the cooling means or radiator 19 and is therein forcedly cooled down.
  • the cooling means or radiator 19 in turn, communicates at its outlet port with a second inlet of the condenser 14 through a cooling liquid passage 20 whereby the liquid which has been forcedly cooled down in the cooling means or radiator 19 is drawn into the condenser chamber 14.
  • the cooling fluid circuit is thus formed by the reservoir 16, pump 18, cooling means or radiator 19 and condenser 14.
  • the drive fluid circuit and the cooling fluid loop share the condenser 14 and the reservoir 16 with each other so that both of the media for driving the prime mover I; and cooling the exhaust from the prime mover issue from oioriginate in a common source of liquid which, in this instance, is the liquid reservoir.
  • the exhaust When, in operation, the exhaust is discharged from the outlet port of the prime mover l2 and introduced into the condenser 14, the exhaust is brought into contact with the cooled liquid supplied from the cooling means or radiator 19 and is thereby cooled down and liquefied into the cool liquid. The thus cooled liquid is mixed with the exhaust which therefore exchanges heat with the cooled liquid.
  • the resultant cool liquid is passed over to the reservoir l6.
  • a portion of the cool liquid drawn into the reservoir is then pumped into the evaporator in which the cool liquid is converted into a hot vapor.
  • the major portion of the cool liquid in the reservoir 16 is drawn into the cooling means or radiator 19 by means of the circulating pump 18 and is therein cooled and fed into the condenser 14 for contact with the exhaust from the prime mover 12.
  • the cooling and drive media are in this manner recycled in the cooling and working fluid circuits continuously, joining together in the condenser 14 and reservoir 16 which are shared by the two circuits.
  • the power produced by the prime mover 12 is carried to a suitable driven member (not shown) through an output shaft lZa.
  • Designated by reference numeral 190 is a fan which forcedly air cools the cooling means or radiator l9.
  • the constructions and operations of the components of the power plant may be changed and modified in any desired manners as long as the basic concept of the invention is maintained. For instance, instruments for adjusting and/or regulating the performances of the individual components of the power plant may be incorporated where desired. Also, the circuit connections may be modified in a desired manner, an example being shown in FIG. 2.
  • a modification is made to the power plant of FIG. I so that the evaporator 10 receives the cool liquid directly from the cooling means or radiator 19 through a branch passage 20a which is branched from the cooling liquid passage 20.
  • the fuel to be used to heat the evaporator 10 may be gaseous, liquid or solid and, moreover, the cooling means or radiator 19, which has been described as cooled with atmospheric air, may be cooled in any desired manner.
  • emission of toxic compounds resulting from the combustion of a fuel to vapourize the working liquid in the power plant of the invention can be minimized to a negligible extent because the arrangement for heating the evaporator can be selected desiredly and because the combustion of the fuel takes place at an atmospheric pressure.
  • a vapour power plant driven with a working fluid vapou rized from cool liquid including trichromonofluoromethane having a freezing point lower than minus 30' C and a boiling point lower than C. comprising a working fluid circuit including an evaporator for vapourizing said cool liquid into a vapourized working fluid, a regulator valve disposed between said evaporator and a prime mover for adjusting the flow of said vapourized working fluid to be fed to said prime mover, a cooling fluid circuit including a cooling means, said working fluid and cooling fluid circuits sharing a common condenser communicating with the outlet ports of said prime mover and said cooling means and a common liquid reservoir communicating with the inlet ports of said evaporator and said cooling means, said working fluid circuit having a first pump interposed between said reservoir and said evaporator, and said cooling fluid circuit having a second pump interposed between said reservoir and said cooling means, whereby said cool liquid in said reservoir is passed by said first and second pumps over to said evaporator and to said cooling means,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
US71033A 1969-09-18 1970-09-10 Vapor power plant Expired - Lifetime US3675416A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP44073575A JPS5218330B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-09-18 1969-09-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3675416A true US3675416A (en) 1972-07-11

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US71033A Expired - Lifetime US3675416A (en) 1969-09-18 1970-09-10 Vapor power plant

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US3675416A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5218330B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1306167A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3716990A (en) * 1971-05-12 1973-02-20 Cox E Ass Condensable vapor power producing system
US3772883A (en) * 1972-06-13 1973-11-20 Cycle Ass Multi-cylinder external combustion power producing system
US3867815A (en) * 1970-11-04 1975-02-25 George M Barrett Heat engine
US5775107A (en) * 1996-10-21 1998-07-07 Sparkman; Scott Solar powered electrical generating system
US20130298883A1 (en) * 2007-12-05 2013-11-14 Renault S.A.S. Motor vehicle comprising a recirculated-gas circuit and method for implementing same

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3557554A (en) * 1968-05-22 1971-01-26 Aerojet General Co Power conversion system operating on closed rankine cycle

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3557554A (en) * 1968-05-22 1971-01-26 Aerojet General Co Power conversion system operating on closed rankine cycle

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3867815A (en) * 1970-11-04 1975-02-25 George M Barrett Heat engine
US3716990A (en) * 1971-05-12 1973-02-20 Cox E Ass Condensable vapor power producing system
US3772883A (en) * 1972-06-13 1973-11-20 Cycle Ass Multi-cylinder external combustion power producing system
US5775107A (en) * 1996-10-21 1998-07-07 Sparkman; Scott Solar powered electrical generating system
US20130298883A1 (en) * 2007-12-05 2013-11-14 Renault S.A.S. Motor vehicle comprising a recirculated-gas circuit and method for implementing same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5218330B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1977-05-20
GB1306167A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-02-07

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