US3656872A - Pumping systems - Google Patents

Pumping systems Download PDF

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US3656872A
US3656872A US71755A US3656872DA US3656872A US 3656872 A US3656872 A US 3656872A US 71755 A US71755 A US 71755A US 3656872D A US3656872D A US 3656872DA US 3656872 A US3656872 A US 3656872A
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crude oil
flow path
pipeline
internal combustion
combustion engine
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US71755A
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Albert Jubb
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Rolls Royce PLC
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Rolls Royce PLC
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B17/00—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/22—Fuel supply systems
    • F02C7/224—Heating fuel before feeding to the burner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2700/00—Supplying, feeding or preparing air, fuel, fuel air mixtures or auxiliary fluids for a combustion engine; Use of exhaust gas; Compressors for piston engines
    • F02M2700/12—Devices or methods for making a gas mixture for a combustion engine

Definitions

  • the evaporator has a heater which includes two heat exchangers, in one of which the crude oil is heated by the residue of crude oil from which the lighter fractions have been extracted and in the other one of which, the crude oil is heated by hot water which has been heated on a further heat exchanger by some of the exhaust gases from gas turbine engine;
  • a pumping system for pumping crude oil comprises pump means adapted to be positioned in a crude oil pipeline so as to pump the crude oil, an internal combustion engine adapted to drive the pump means, evaporating means adapted to be connected to the pipeline so as to receive some of the crude oil and to evaporate at least some of the light fractions therefrom, and means for conveying the evaporated light fractions to the internal combustion engine, the evaporated light fractions constituting the fuel for the internal combustion engine.
  • the internal combustion engine is a gas turbine engine.
  • the evaporating means preferably comprises heating means connected to receive and heat the crude oil and pressure reducing valve means connected to receive the heated crude oil and to reduce the pressure thereof so as to evaporate at least some of said light fractions.
  • the pressure reducing valve means is preferably adapted to produce swirl in the heated crude oil supplied thereto.
  • the heating means may comprise a first heat exchanger having a first flow path connected to receive the crude oil in heat exchange relationship with a second flow path connected to receive a liquid, for example water, which has been heated by the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine.
  • the heating means may additionally comprise a further heat exchanger having a first flow path connected, upstream of the first flow path of the first heat exchanger, to receive the crude oil in heat exchange relationship with a second flow path connected to receive the residue of the crude oil after evaporation of said at least some of the lighter fractions.
  • the evaporating means may further include a pair of pumps which are preferably connected back to back, and which may be connected to be driven by the internal combustion engine, one of said pumps being arranged to supply the crude oil to the heating means and the other of said pumps being arranged to return the residue of the crude oil after evaporation of said at least some of the lighter fractions to the pipeline.
  • The. pipeline 10 contains a pump 12 which is advantageously a large piston pump and which is connected to be driven by a gas turbine engine 14 via a shaft 16, a reduction gear box 18 and a shaft 20.
  • the gas turbine engine 14 is adapted to run on gaseous fuel and comprises, in flow series, a compressor 22, combustion equipment 24, a high pressure turbine 26 drivingly connected to the compressor 22 by a shaft 28 and a free power turbine 30 which is drivingly connected to the shaft 16.
  • a small portion (typically 10,000 gallons per hour) of the crude oil flowing in the pipeline 10 is diverted from the main flow downstream of the pump 12 into a branch conduit 32 containing one pump 34 of a pair of back to back piston pumps 34,36 which are driven from the gearbox 18 via an auxiliary drive shaft 38.
  • Crude oil leaving the pump 34 passes through one flow path 40 of a two-path heat exchanger 42 where it is heated as will be hereinafter described and then passes into, and is further heated in, a chamber 44 containing a finned heat exchanger coil 46 through which hot water (typically at 200 C.) flows in a downwards direction from a header tank 48.
  • the hot water in the header tank 48 is heated in a further chamber 50 which is connected for the through flow of about 5 percent of the exhaust gases from the power turbine 30 and which contains a further finned heat exchanger coil 52.
  • nan-I heat exchanger coil 52 is connected to receive water from the coil 46 and to supply it to the header tank 48, convection being sufficient to cause the water to circulate around the closed circuit constituted by the coil 52, the header tank 48 and the coil 46.
  • the header tank 48 is provided with a safety valve 54.
  • the heated crude oil (typically 175 C.) passes from the chamber 44 into a chamber 56 via a pressure reducing valve 58, thus causing the lighter fractions of the crude oil, say the top 5 to 10 percent which typically includes methane, ethane, propane and butane, to flash off into vapor.
  • the valve 58 is preferably designed to induce swirl so as to assist the separation of the lighter fractions from the crude oil.
  • the residue of the crude oil (typically at C.) passes through the other flow path 60 of the heat exchanger 42, thus heating the crude oil in the flow path 40, and is pumped back into the pipeline 10 by the pump 36.
  • the vapour-ised lighter fractions of the crude oil are typically at a pressure of 200 p.s.i. and a temperature of C., and pass from the chamber 56 via a conduit 62 optionally containing a cooler (not shown) to a gas turbine engine gaseous fuel flow control unit 64 and thence into the combustion equipment 24.
  • the lighter fractions of the crude oil thus constitute the fuel of the gas turbine engine 14.
  • the crude oil pumping system of the present invention thus has the advantage that it derives its fuel supply relatively simply from the crude oil being pumped.
  • the gas turbine engine could be replaced by one or more internal combustion engines of a different type.
  • the pumps 34, 36 may be arranged to be independently driven, e.g. by an electric motor, while the crude oil may be differently heated, to assist in evaporating the lighter fractions therefrom, directly by the exhaust gases of the gas turbine or other internal combustion engme.
  • a pumping system for pumping crude oil comprising: pump means operatively positioned in a crude oil pipeline for pumping oil therethrough; an internal combustion engine operatively connected to said pump means for driving the same; evaporating means operatively connected to said pipeline for receiving a portion of the crude oil therefrom and being arranged to evaporate at least some light fractions from said portion of the crude oil to leave a residue of crude oil for return to said crude oil pipeline, said evaporating means comprising heating means connected to receive and heat the said portion of crude oil, pressure reducing valve means for receiving the heated said portionof crude oil and reducing the pressure thereof to evaporate at least some light fractions therefrom, said heating means including a first heat exchanger having a first flow path operatively connected to said crude oil pipeline and to said pressure reducing valve means and a closed cycle second flow path in heat exchange relationship with said first flow path and having liquid therein; means for utilizing exhaust gases from said internal combustion engine to heat the liquid in said second flow path; and means to convey the evaporated light fractions from said pressure reducing valve means
  • heating means includes a further heat exchanger having a first flow path connected upstream of the first flow path of said first heat exchanger to receive crude oil from said crude oil pipeline and a second flow path in heat exchange relationship therewith and connected downstream of said pressure reducing valve means to receive the residue of crude oil from the same after evaporation and to return the residue of crude oil to the crude oil pipeline.
  • a pumping system as claimed in claim 2 including a pair of pumps, one of said pumps being arranged to supply crude oil to said heating means and the other of said pumps being arranged to return the residue of crude oil to the pipeline.
  • a pumping system as claimed in claim 3 in which the pair of pumps are arranged back to back and are arranged to be driven by the internal combustion engine.

Abstract

A gas turbine engine is arranged to drive a pump which is positioned in a crude oil pipeline. An evaporator is adapted to receive some of the crude oil from which some of the lighter fractions of the oil are extracted by the evaporator which passes the lighter fractions to the engine as fuel. The evaporator has a heater which includes two heat exchangers, in one of which the crude oil is heated by the residue of crude oil from which the lighter fractions have been extracted and in the other one of which, the crude oil is heated by hot water which has been heated on a further heat exchanger by some of the exhaust gases from the gas turbine engine.

Description

Unite States Patent .llubb [151 3,6 [4 1 Apr. 1a, 1972 [54] PUMPING SYSTEMS [72] inventor: Albert Jubb, Kenilworth, England [73] Assignee: Rolls Royce Limited, Derby, England 221 Filed: Sept. 14, 1970 [21] Appl. No.: 71,755
30 Foreign Application Priority Data Sept. is, 1969 GreatBritain ..46,0-16/69 521 u.s.c| ..417/364 51 Int. Cl ..r04b 17/00, F04b 35/00 53 FieldofSearch ..'....4l 7/364 [56] References Cited UNITEDSTATESPATENTS I 2,284,809 6/1942 Dyer et al. ..4l7/3 64 2,432,079 l2/l947 Albert, Jr ..4l7/364 Primary Examiner-Robert M. Walker Attorney-Cushman, Darby & Cushman [57] ABSTRACT A gas turbine engine is arranged to drive a pump which is positioned in a-crude oil pipeline. An evaporator is adapted to' receive someof the crude oil from which some of the lighter fractions of the oil are extracted by the evaporator which passes the lighter fractions to the engine as fuel.
The evaporator has a heater which includes two heat exchangers, in one of which the crude oil is heated by the residue of crude oil from which the lighter fractions have been extracted and in the other one of which, the crude oil is heated by hot water which has been heated on a further heat exchanger by some of the exhaust gases from gas turbine engine;
5 Claims, 1 Drawing Figure PATENTEDAPR 18 I972 By R d 9 wluwAltomey This invention relates to pumping systems for pumping crude oil, and is particularly but not exclusively concerned with a gas turbine engine powered pumping system for pumping crude oil.
According to thepresent invention, a pumping system for pumping crude oil comprises pump means adapted to be positioned in a crude oil pipeline so as to pump the crude oil, an internal combustion engine adapted to drive the pump means, evaporating means adapted to be connected to the pipeline so as to receive some of the crude oil and to evaporate at least some of the light fractions therefrom, and means for conveying the evaporated light fractions to the internal combustion engine, the evaporated light fractions constituting the fuel for the internal combustion engine.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the internal combustion engine is a gas turbine engine.
The evaporating means preferably comprises heating means connected to receive and heat the crude oil and pressure reducing valve means connected to receive the heated crude oil and to reduce the pressure thereof so as to evaporate at least some of said light fractions.
The pressure reducing valve means is preferably adapted to produce swirl in the heated crude oil supplied thereto.
The heating means may comprise a first heat exchanger having a first flow path connected to receive the crude oil in heat exchange relationship with a second flow path connected to receive a liquid, for example water, which has been heated by the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine.
The heating means may additionally comprise a further heat exchanger having a first flow path connected, upstream of the first flow path of the first heat exchanger, to receive the crude oil in heat exchange relationship with a second flow path connected to receive the residue of the crude oil after evaporation of said at least some of the lighter fractions.
The evaporating means may further include a pair of pumps which are preferably connected back to back, and which may be connected to be driven by the internal combustion engine, one of said pumps being arranged to supply the crude oil to the heating means and the other of said pumps being arranged to return the residue of the crude oil after evaporation of said at least some of the lighter fractions to the pipeline.
The invention will now be particularly described, by way of non-limitative example only, with reference to the accompanying drawing, which is a schematic diagram of a crude oil pumping system in accordance with the present invention.
In the drawing there is shown a crude oil pipeline of the kind used to convey crude oil from an oilfield to a refinery or port. The. pipeline 10 contains a pump 12 which is advantageously a large piston pump and which is connected to be driven by a gas turbine engine 14 via a shaft 16, a reduction gear box 18 and a shaft 20. The gas turbine engine 14 is adapted to run on gaseous fuel and comprises, in flow series, a compressor 22, combustion equipment 24, a high pressure turbine 26 drivingly connected to the compressor 22 by a shaft 28 and a free power turbine 30 which is drivingly connected to the shaft 16.
A small portion (typically 10,000 gallons per hour) of the crude oil flowing in the pipeline 10 is diverted from the main flow downstream of the pump 12 into a branch conduit 32 containing one pump 34 of a pair of back to back piston pumps 34,36 which are driven from the gearbox 18 via an auxiliary drive shaft 38. Crude oil leaving the pump 34 passes through one flow path 40 of a two-path heat exchanger 42 where it is heated as will be hereinafter described and then passes into, and is further heated in, a chamber 44 containing a finned heat exchanger coil 46 through which hot water (typically at 200 C.) flows in a downwards direction from a header tank 48.
The hot water in the header tank 48 is heated in a further chamber 50 which is connected for the through flow of about 5 percent of the exhaust gases from the power turbine 30 and which contains a further finned heat exchanger coil 52. The
nan-I heat exchanger coil 52 is connected to receive water from the coil 46 and to supply it to the header tank 48, convection being sufficient to cause the water to circulate around the closed circuit constituted by the coil 52, the header tank 48 and the coil 46. The header tank 48 is provided with a safety valve 54.
The heated crude oil (typically 175 C.) passes from the chamber 44 into a chamber 56 via a pressure reducing valve 58, thus causing the lighter fractions of the crude oil, say the top 5 to 10 percent which typically includes methane, ethane, propane and butane, to flash off into vapor. The valve 58 is preferably designed to induce swirl so as to assist the separation of the lighter fractions from the crude oil. The residue of the crude oil (typically at C.) passes through the other flow path 60 of the heat exchanger 42, thus heating the crude oil in the flow path 40, and is pumped back into the pipeline 10 by the pump 36. y
The vapour-ised lighter fractions of the crude oil are typically at a pressure of 200 p.s.i. and a temperature of C., and pass from the chamber 56 via a conduit 62 optionally containing a cooler (not shown) to a gas turbine engine gaseous fuel flow control unit 64 and thence into the combustion equipment 24. The lighter fractions of the crude oil thus constitute the fuel of the gas turbine engine 14.
The crude oil pumping system of the present invention thus has the advantage that it derives its fuel supply relatively simply from the crude oil being pumped.
It will be appreciated that many variations to the described pumping system can be made. For example, the gas turbine engine could be replaced by one or more internal combustion engines of a different type. Further, the pumps 34, 36 may be arranged to be independently driven, e.g. by an electric motor, while the crude oil may be differently heated, to assist in evaporating the lighter fractions therefrom, directly by the exhaust gases of the gas turbine or other internal combustion engme.
We claim:
1. A pumping system for pumping crude oil comprising: pump means operatively positioned in a crude oil pipeline for pumping oil therethrough; an internal combustion engine operatively connected to said pump means for driving the same; evaporating means operatively connected to said pipeline for receiving a portion of the crude oil therefrom and being arranged to evaporate at least some light fractions from said portion of the crude oil to leave a residue of crude oil for return to said crude oil pipeline, said evaporating means comprising heating means connected to receive and heat the said portion of crude oil, pressure reducing valve means for receiving the heated said portionof crude oil and reducing the pressure thereof to evaporate at least some light fractions therefrom, said heating means including a first heat exchanger having a first flow path operatively connected to said crude oil pipeline and to said pressure reducing valve means and a closed cycle second flow path in heat exchange relationship with said first flow path and having liquid therein; means for utilizing exhaust gases from said internal combustion engine to heat the liquid in said second flow path; and means to convey the evaporated light fractions from said pressure reducing valve means to said internal combustion engine to provide fuel therefor.
2. A pumping system as claimed in claim 1 in which said heating means includes a further heat exchanger having a first flow path connected upstream of the first flow path of said first heat exchanger to receive crude oil from said crude oil pipeline and a second flow path in heat exchange relationship therewith and connected downstream of said pressure reducing valve means to receive the residue of crude oil from the same after evaporation and to return the residue of crude oil to the crude oil pipeline.
3. A pumping system as claimed in claim 2 including a pair of pumps, one of said pumps being arranged to supply crude oil to said heating means and the other of said pumps being arranged to return the residue of crude oil to the pipeline.
4. A pumping system as claimed in claim 3 in which the pair of pumps are arranged back to back and are arranged to be driven by the internal combustion engine.
5. A pumping system as claimed in claim 1 in which said internal combustion engine is a gas turbine engine. 5

Claims (5)

1. A pumping system for pumping crude oil comprising: pump means operatively positioned in a crude oil pipeline for pumping oil therethrough; an internal combustion engine operatively connected to said pump means for driving the same; evaporating means operatively connected to said pipeline for receiving a portion of the crude oil therefrom and being arranged to evaporate at least some light fractions from said portion of the crude oil to leave a residue of crude oil for return to said crude oil pipeline, said evaporating means comprising heating means connected to receive and heat the said portion of crude oil, pressure reducing valve means for receiving the heated said portion of crude oil and redUcing the pressure thereof to evaporate at least some light fractions therefrom, said heating means including a first heat exchanger having a first flow path operatively connected to said crude oil pipeline and to said pressure reducing valve means and a closed cycle second flow path in heat exchange relationship with said first flow path and having liquid therein; means for utilizing exhaust gases from said internal combustion engine to heat the liquid in said second flow path; and means to convey the evaporated light fractions from said pressure reducing valve means to said internal combustion engine to provide fuel therefor.
2. A pumping system as claimed in claim 1 in which said heating means includes a further heat exchanger having a first flow path connected upstream of the first flow path of said first heat exchanger to receive crude oil from said crude oil pipeline and a second flow path in heat exchange relationship therewith and connected downstream of said pressure reducing valve means to receive the residue of crude oil from the same after evaporation and to return the residue of crude oil to the crude oil pipeline.
3. A pumping system as claimed in claim 2 including a pair of pumps, one of said pumps being arranged to supply crude oil to said heating means and the other of said pumps being arranged to return the residue of crude oil to the pipeline.
4. A pumping system as claimed in claim 3 in which the pair of pumps are arranged back to back and are arranged to be driven by the internal combustion engine.
5. A pumping system as claimed in claim 1 in which said internal combustion engine is a gas turbine engine.
US71755A 1969-09-18 1970-09-14 Pumping systems Expired - Lifetime US3656872A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4218194A (en) * 1978-09-25 1980-08-19 Phillips Petroleum Company Vapor pressure control system for gas turbine fuel
WO1991019893A1 (en) * 1990-06-21 1991-12-26 Energeo, Inc. A transportable electrical power generating system fueled by organic waste
US20050281307A1 (en) * 2004-06-22 2005-12-22 George Emanuel Laser with brayton cycle outlet pump
US20100107603A1 (en) * 2008-11-03 2010-05-06 Smith J Walter Systems and methods for thermal management in a gas turbine powerplant
US8858223B1 (en) * 2009-09-22 2014-10-14 Proe Power Systems, Llc Glycerin fueled afterburning engine
US20150107254A1 (en) * 2013-10-23 2015-04-23 General Electric Company Method and System for Improving the Efficiency of a Simple Cycle Gas Turbine System With a Closed Circuit Fuel Heating System

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2284809A (en) * 1939-10-19 1942-06-02 Continental Oil Co Apparatus for transporting oil through pipe lines
US2432079A (en) * 1944-12-16 1947-12-09 Phillips Petroleum Co Heating system for pressure fluid of fluid pressure operated pumps

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2284809A (en) * 1939-10-19 1942-06-02 Continental Oil Co Apparatus for transporting oil through pipe lines
US2432079A (en) * 1944-12-16 1947-12-09 Phillips Petroleum Co Heating system for pressure fluid of fluid pressure operated pumps

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4218194A (en) * 1978-09-25 1980-08-19 Phillips Petroleum Company Vapor pressure control system for gas turbine fuel
WO1991019893A1 (en) * 1990-06-21 1991-12-26 Energeo, Inc. A transportable electrical power generating system fueled by organic waste
US5121600A (en) * 1990-06-21 1992-06-16 Energeo, Inc. Transportable electrical power generating system fueled by organic waste
US20050281307A1 (en) * 2004-06-22 2005-12-22 George Emanuel Laser with brayton cycle outlet pump
US7154931B2 (en) * 2004-06-22 2006-12-26 Ksy Corporation Laser with Brayton cycle outlet pump
US20100107603A1 (en) * 2008-11-03 2010-05-06 Smith J Walter Systems and methods for thermal management in a gas turbine powerplant
US7984606B2 (en) * 2008-11-03 2011-07-26 Propulsion, Gas Turbine, And Energy Evaluations, Llc Systems and methods for thermal management in a gas turbine powerplant
US8534044B2 (en) 2008-11-03 2013-09-17 Propulsion, Gas Turbine, And Energy Evaluations, Llc Systems and methods for thermal management in a gas turbine powerplant
US8858223B1 (en) * 2009-09-22 2014-10-14 Proe Power Systems, Llc Glycerin fueled afterburning engine
US20150107254A1 (en) * 2013-10-23 2015-04-23 General Electric Company Method and System for Improving the Efficiency of a Simple Cycle Gas Turbine System With a Closed Circuit Fuel Heating System

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