US3670125A - Blast nozzle for self-blasting compressed gas electric circuit-breakers - Google Patents

Blast nozzle for self-blasting compressed gas electric circuit-breakers Download PDF

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Publication number
US3670125A
US3670125A US134269A US3670125DA US3670125A US 3670125 A US3670125 A US 3670125A US 134269 A US134269 A US 134269A US 3670125D A US3670125D A US 3670125DA US 3670125 A US3670125 A US 3670125A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
chamber
zone
holes
ring
breaking chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US134269A
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English (en)
Inventor
Benito Jose Calvino Y Teijeiro
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Magrini Fabbriche Riunite Magrini Scarpa e Magnano MSM SpA
Original Assignee
Magrini Fabbriche Riunite Magrini Scarpa e Magnano MSM SpA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
    • H01H33/7023—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by an insulating tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle
    • H01H33/703—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by an insulating tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle having special gas flow directing elements, e.g. grooves, extensions

Definitions

  • the object of this invention is to provide an improved blast nozzle for self-blasting compressed gas electric circuitbreakers, which provides substantial improvement in the performance of the breaking chambers employed in said circuitbreakers in comparison with known types.
  • Compressed gas circuit-breakers are already well known and widely used in electric generating and distributing systems and well known are, in particular, the axial blast breaking chambers, used in these types of circuit-breakers, the shape of which has, in its various embodiments, been determined through widely known principles.
  • mm and U, is the circuit-breaker rated service voltage expressed in kV.
  • An object of this invention is, therefore, to provide a breaking chamber for compressed gas electric circuit-breakers which is structurally improved incomparison with the known chambers, and particularly in connection with the breaking chambers of similar type previously disclosed by the applicant.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide improvements in the breaking chambers of electric circuit-breakers whereby the holes made through the chamber walls particularly favor the decompression in the nonle zone having the smallest cross section, where said holes have their entrance thereby permitting the quenching gas to escape with particular ease.
  • a still further object of this invention is to provide an axial blast breaking chamber wherein it is still possible to reach, and indeed to improve, the combination of the efiects of the quick decompression in the entrance zone of the through-wall holes as well as of the best possible course concomitance of the decomposition gases and the quenching gas flows through the end (or downstream) part of the interruption chamber itself, consequently accelerating the outflow of the whole of said gases through the outlet orifice of the chamber and decreasing the whirl effects occurring in the total outflow.
  • an axial blast breaking chamber for selfblasting compressed electric circuit-breakers, said breaking chamber having a blast nozzle internally shaped in way to provide, in the outlet direction, a first conical and convergent zone, a second cylindrical zone having the smallest cross-sectional area in comparison with the other internal zones and a third substantially conical and divergent zone, the length of which is determined from the already known experimental relation said third conical and divergent zone having a plurality of ringlike grooves each of which is substantially triangular sectioned within a plane passing through the chamber axis with open base towards the outlet orifice of the breaking chamber, said breaking chamber having a plurality of lateral outlet means, through the chamber wall corresponding to said second smallest cross-sectioned cylindrical zone, which communicate among themselves in the chamber inside, where said outlet means have their own entrance sections, through a ring-like feeding groove coaxial to the breaking chamber itself.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows the longitudinal section, of the breaking chamber according to this invention, marked by broken line A-A'on FIG. 2, i.e., along two different axial planes.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a plan view of the same breaking chamber cross-sectioned in correspondence with plane BB on FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the breaking chamber of FIGS. 1 and 2 with the breaker contacts in their closed position
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the breaking chamber with the contacts in the open position.
  • the improvement in the nozzle of the breaking chamber for self-blasting compressed gas electric circuit-breakers consists in providing a chamber with the following features: substantial nozzle shape according to the Venturi tube principle, with a second (or necked and smallest surfaced) zone 5 cylindrically shaped and provided with a plurality of decompression holes 6 for allowing the communication of said cylindrical smallest surfaced zone 5 with the breaking chamber outer room, said holes 6, unlike the similar decompression holes of the known art, having rather reduced diameters and being in number considerably greater than the number of holes used in known breaking chambers.
  • the number of holes ranges from six, as a minimum, to a maximum solely limited by its compatibility with the restrictions imposed by the technological manufacturing requirements, namely the mechanical machining work the chamber has to undergo for obtaining said holes. Since large diametered holes can be made in smaller number and vice versa, and since the axes of said holes are radial to the chamber and lie within a common cross section plane of the same chamber, it is clear that an interference exists between the diameter and number of holes.
  • the concerned improvements consists moreover in providing a ring-like (consequently coaxial to the breaking chamber and particularly to cylindrical zone 5) groove 22, made in the inner wall of the above specified smallest surfaced cylindrical zone 5, having the task of ring or duct feeding all decompression holes 6, said ring-like groove 22 having a substantially rectangular radial cross section with height h correlatively depending on the diameter d of holes 6 and depth 1 suitably dimensioned according to the breaking chamber service conditions.
  • Entrance sections 10 of holes 6, which open to the inside of the breaking chamber (or, more exactly, to the bottom of ring-like groove 22), are parallel to breaking chamber axis YY in consequence of the shape of said groove 22. Holes 6 pass through the wall of said chamber and their sections for the debouchment into open air are referenced 1 1 on the figures.
  • the fixed contact 30 and movable contact 31 are shown positioned within the nozzle, movable contact 31 being secured to and moving with said nozzle.
  • the fixed contact 30 occupies a large portion of the space within the breaking chamber;
  • the fixed contact 30 no longer blocks ring-like groove 22 and holes 6.
  • the quenching gas outflow is from this moment established through said ring-like groove 22 and holes 6.
  • the exhaust section area corresponds, at this moment, to the sum of the areas of the openings offered by holes 6.
  • said holes can be at least six and may be more than, 12 compatible with the manufacture requirements. (However, too small a number of decompression holes should be avoided since this reduces the number of the, outflow paths which in accordance with the invention should be as large as possible, compatibly with the condition that each hole has s sufficiently dimensioned opening).
  • ring-like groove 22 acts, in fact, as a chamber for equalizing the quenching gas pressure thereby improving its distribution among the'various holes and making uniform, as already said, the eddy conditions whereto the electric plasma is submitted.
  • the electric arc is surrounded by a full quenching gas sleeve and nearly attacked by an electric action, deionizing and quenching, which while always advantageous, is even more beneficial at the initial are striking stage when the fixed contact is still within cylindrical zone 5, consequently still keeping the nozzle closed, but having freed groove 22 and, in consequence, also holes 6.
  • the quenching gas can in this way very energetically influence the whole of the just striken electric are by a blast and eddy action which, instead of being concentrated in the points whereat the arc is facing the holes, is distributed on its whole circumference.
  • the present invention has precisely the advantage of not in the least altering zone 9 of the chamber, the constructional shape of which has been experienced and led to remarkable success, and of only slightly altering zone 5 of the chamber, thus obtaining the advantages of the peculiar features of both zones.
  • Ring-like groove 22, and also holes 6, can in fact be differently dimensioned but its availability does not particularly alter the nozzle construction.
  • said ringlike groove has, preferably, a radial rectangular cross section which can however be also triangular, semicircular, or otherwise suitably shaped.
  • said second zone (5) having a cross-sectional area not greater than that of said first and second zones
  • said third zone (9) having a plurality of ring like grooves (13) each of which has a substantially triangular cross section within a plane passing through the longitudinal axis (Y--Y)'of the chamber, said ring-like grooves being open toward the outlet orifice (2) of the breaking chamber
  • the improvement comprises having a plurality of lateral outlet means (6), through the chamber wall corresponding to said second smallest cross-sectioned cylindrical zone (5), which outlet means (6) communicate among themselves in the chamber inside, where they have their own entrance sections (10), through a ring-like feeding groove (22) coaxial to the longitudinal axis (Y-Y) of the breaking chamber itself.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Duct Arrangements (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
US134269A 1970-04-16 1971-04-15 Blast nozzle for self-blasting compressed gas electric circuit-breakers Expired - Lifetime US3670125A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT2339470 1970-04-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3670125A true US3670125A (en) 1972-06-13

Family

ID=11206694

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US134269A Expired - Lifetime US3670125A (en) 1970-04-16 1971-04-15 Blast nozzle for self-blasting compressed gas electric circuit-breakers

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US3670125A (de)
JP (1) JPS5341346B1 (de)
BE (1) BE765779A (de)
BR (1) BR7102243D0 (de)
CA (1) CA938966A (de)
CH (1) CH535487A (de)
DE (1) DE2118166C3 (de)
ES (1) ES390208A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2089725A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1351860A (de)
NO (1) NO129596B (de)
SE (1) SE371531B (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3949182A (en) * 1973-06-14 1976-04-06 Magrini Galileo S.P.A. Breaking chamber for self-blasting compressed gas electric circuit-breakers
US3995130A (en) * 1973-03-20 1976-11-30 Bbc Brown Boveri & Company Limited Arc quenching chamber component structure for circuit breakers operating with pressurized gas
US4667072A (en) * 1983-08-24 1987-05-19 Hitachi, Ltd. Gas-insulated circuit breaker
US20120037599A1 (en) * 2009-03-30 2012-02-16 Abb Research Ltd Circuit breaker
CN114496615A (zh) * 2022-02-14 2022-05-13 平高集团有限公司 一种喷口连接结构及灭弧室和断路器

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5615818A (en) * 1979-07-19 1981-02-16 Makoto Kusakabe Filter chamber for shelter
DE102009009450A1 (de) * 2009-02-13 2010-08-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schaltgeräteanordnung

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3150245A (en) * 1957-09-13 1964-09-22 Westinghouse Electric Corp Liquefied gas circuit interrupters
US3158723A (en) * 1960-03-16 1964-11-24 Oerlikon Engineering Company Arc-extinguishing means for power switches having stationary and movable contact pieces
US3291948A (en) * 1964-08-06 1966-12-13 Westinghouse Electric Corp Orifice structure for compressed gas-circuit interrupter

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3150245A (en) * 1957-09-13 1964-09-22 Westinghouse Electric Corp Liquefied gas circuit interrupters
US3158723A (en) * 1960-03-16 1964-11-24 Oerlikon Engineering Company Arc-extinguishing means for power switches having stationary and movable contact pieces
US3291948A (en) * 1964-08-06 1966-12-13 Westinghouse Electric Corp Orifice structure for compressed gas-circuit interrupter

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3995130A (en) * 1973-03-20 1976-11-30 Bbc Brown Boveri & Company Limited Arc quenching chamber component structure for circuit breakers operating with pressurized gas
US3949182A (en) * 1973-06-14 1976-04-06 Magrini Galileo S.P.A. Breaking chamber for self-blasting compressed gas electric circuit-breakers
US4667072A (en) * 1983-08-24 1987-05-19 Hitachi, Ltd. Gas-insulated circuit breaker
US20120037599A1 (en) * 2009-03-30 2012-02-16 Abb Research Ltd Circuit breaker
US8502101B2 (en) * 2009-03-30 2013-08-06 Abb Research Ltd Circuit breaker
CN114496615A (zh) * 2022-02-14 2022-05-13 平高集团有限公司 一种喷口连接结构及灭弧室和断路器
CN114496615B (zh) * 2022-02-14 2023-11-10 平高集团有限公司 一种喷口连接结构及灭弧室和断路器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE765779A (fr) 1971-10-15
BR7102243D0 (pt) 1973-06-12
GB1351860A (en) 1974-05-01
DE2118166C3 (de) 1981-09-17
DE2118166B2 (de) 1980-10-30
NO129596B (de) 1974-04-29
DE2118166A1 (de) 1971-10-28
JPS5341346B1 (de) 1978-11-02
SE371531B (de) 1974-11-18
CA938966A (en) 1973-12-25
FR2089725A5 (de) 1972-01-07
CH535487A (de) 1973-03-31
ES390208A1 (es) 1973-06-16

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