US3669738A - Polyester coated wire - Google Patents

Polyester coated wire Download PDF

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Publication number
US3669738A
US3669738A US3669738DA US3669738A US 3669738 A US3669738 A US 3669738A US 3669738D A US3669738D A US 3669738DA US 3669738 A US3669738 A US 3669738A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
wire
polyester
oxybenzoyl
coating
formula
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
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English (en)
Inventor
Steve G Cottis
Bernard E Nowak
James Economy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Unifrax I LLC
Original Assignee
Carborundum Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carborundum Co filed Critical Carborundum Co
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Publication of US3669738A publication Critical patent/US3669738A/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/42—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes polyesters; polyethers; polyacetals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/06—Insulating conductors or cables
    • H01B13/065—Insulating conductors with lacquers or enamels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
    • B05D1/08—Flame spraying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/18—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by dipping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2401/00—Form of the coating product, e.g. solution, water dispersion, powders or the like
    • B05D2401/30—Form of the coating product, e.g. solution, water dispersion, powders or the like the coating being applied in other forms than involving eliminable solvent, diluent or dispersant
    • B05D2401/32—Form of the coating product, e.g. solution, water dispersion, powders or the like the coating being applied in other forms than involving eliminable solvent, diluent or dispersant applied as powders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
    • B05D3/0218—Pretreatment, e.g. heating the substrate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/20—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to wires
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
    • Y10T428/294—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core including metal or compound thereof [excluding glass, ceramic and asbestos]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31678—Of metal
    • Y10T428/31681—Next to polyester, polyamide or polyimide [e.g., alkyd, glue, or nylon, etc.]

Definitions

  • Wires electrically insulated with polymers are well known in the art.
  • Two widely used classes of polymers are polyesters the most common example of which is polyethyleneterephthalate commercially available as Mylar and fluorocarbon polymers such as polytetrafluoroethylene commercially available as Teflon. While such insulated wires have found wide acceptance they are generally unsuitable for carrying high frequency currents and/or for operation at high temperatures such as those above 600 F. When operating under these conditions undesirable degradation of the polymer coating occurs decreasing its electrical resistance and rendering the wire susceptible to short circuits and exposure to the elements.
  • 'Another object is to provide an improved process for producing an insulated wire which functions satisfactorily at high temperatures and/ or high frequencies.
  • a further object is to provide an improved wire insulated with an oxybenzoyl polyester coating and an improved process for producing such.
  • Yet another object is to provide an improved process for producing a wire insulated with an impervious oxybenzoyl polyester coating.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of an apparatus suitable for practicing the process of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a wire of the present invention taken along line 2-2 of FIG. 1.
  • wires insulated with an impervious oxybenzoyl polyester coating can be produced by drawing the wire having a porous oxybenzoyl polyester coating through a die.
  • a preferred process of the present invention comprises the steps of forming a porous coating of granular oxybenzoyl polyester on the wire and then drawing the coated wire through a die to render the porous coating impervious.
  • the apparatus 10 comprises a heating section 11 having burners 12 and 13; a container 14 adapted to hold an oxybenzoyl polyester 15; and a die 16.
  • a wire 17 is caused to move in the direction of the arrow 18 by any suitable means not shown.
  • the burners 12 and 13 heat the wire 17 to the desired temperature whereupon the wire 17 passes through a hole in the bottom of the container 14 and thencontacts the polyester 15.
  • the granules of polyester 15 adhere to the wire forming a porous coating 19 having a rough surface.
  • the wire 17 having the coating 19 then passes through the die 16 wherein the coating 19 is subjected to shearing action which decreases the porosity of the coating 19 to produce a smooth impervious coating 20 on the wire 17.
  • the diameter, d of the die 16 is greater than the diameter, d of the wire 17 but is less than the diameter, d of the wire 17 with rough coating 19.
  • the process can be practiced simultaneously, i.e., with the container 14 in contact with the die 16, which can also be heated.
  • the temperature of the wire 17 prior to contacting the polyester 15 is critical and is usually 200 to 1200 F. and is preferably 500 to 1100 F. At temperatures much below these ranges the polyester 15 does not adhere to the wire 17 whereas at temperatures much above these ranges thermal degradation of the polyester occurs. It will be readily apparent that the heating can be accomplished by other means such as electrical resistance or electrical induction.
  • the wire 17 can be a low resistance material such as silver or preferably copper, or can also be a high resistance material such as tungsten or Nichrome.
  • the wire 17 can also have a coating or can be subjected to conventional pretreatments.
  • the oxybenzoyl polyesters useful in the present invention are generally those of repeating units of Formula I:
  • One preferred class of oxybenzoyl polyesters are those of Formula II:
  • R is a member selected from the group consisting of benzoyl, lower alkanoyl, or preferably hydrogen; wherein R is hydrogen, benzyl, lower alkyl, or preferably phenyl and p is an integer from 3 to 600 and preferably 30 to 200.
  • p correspond to a molecular weight of about 1,000 to 72,000 and preferably 3,500 to 25,000.
  • Another preferred class of oxybenzoyl polyesters are copolyesters of recurring units of Formulae I, III and it El i i J. l. /X .l L A J.
  • the carbonyl groups of the moiety of Formula I or III are linked to the oxy groups of a moiety of Formula I or IV; the oxy groups of the moiety of Formula I or IV are linked to the carbnyl groups of the moiety of Formula I or III.
  • the preferred copolyesters are those of recurring units of Formula V:
  • polyesters useful in the present invention can also be chemically modified by various means such as by inclusion in the polyester of monofunctional reactants such as benzoic acid or trior higher functional reactants such as trimesic acid or cyanuric chloride.
  • monofunctional reactants such as benzoic acid or trior higher functional reactants such as trimesic acid or cyanuric chloride.
  • the benzene rings in these polyesters are preferably unsubstituted but can be substituted with non-interfering substituents examples of which include among others halogen such as chlorine or bromine, lower alkoxy such as methoxy and lower alkyl such as methyl.
  • polyesters useful in the present invention can be employed in their pure form, mixed with one another or with a wide variety of organic and/or inorganic fillers which do not affect their electrical properties.
  • suitable organic filers include among others polyhalogenated addition polymers such as polytetrafluoroethylene and condensation polymers such as polyimides.
  • suitable inorganic fillers include glass fibers. These fillers can comprise up to 70 wt. percent of the combined weight of polyester and filler.
  • EXAMPLE 1 A mixture of 856 g. of phenyl para-hydroxybeuzoate, 0.015 g. of tetra-n-butyl orthotitanate and 1 800 g. of a polychlorinated polyphenyl solvent (B.P. 360-370 C.) is heated, with constant stirring and under an atmosphere of flowing nitrogen, at 170-190 C. for 4 hours and then at 340-360 C. for hours. Early in this heating cycle the mixture becomes a homogeneous liquid. During the heating cycle condensation occurs, accompanied by the distillation of phenol, and the polyester which is produced thereby forms a precipitate.
  • B.P. 360-370 C. a polychlorinated polyphenyl solvent
  • polyester powder consisting essentially of a para-oxybenzoyl polyester.
  • EXAMPLE 2 This example illustrates the synthesis of a copolyester useful in the present invention.
  • Example 3 The polyester of Example 1 is placed in a container 14 of an apparatus 10 similar to that shown in FIG. 1.
  • the wire 17 which is of copper heated to a temperature of 600 F. and passed through the polyester at a speed of approximately 5 ft./sec. to form a coated wire which is passed through a die 16 to render the coating smooth and impervious.
  • the resultant coated wire functions satisfactorily as an electrical conductor and when immersed in hydrochloric acid gives no indication of attack of the wire 17.
  • Example 4 The procedure of Example 3 is repeated employing the same times, temperatures and conditions with the excep tion that the polyester of Example 1 is replaced by the polyester of Example 2 with similar results.
  • Example 5 The procedure of Example 3 is repeated employing the same times and conditions except that the burners 12 and I3 and the container 14 are removed and the oxybenzoyl polyester of Example 1 is flame sprayed onto the wire 17 with similar results.
  • a process of producing a wire insulated with an impervious coating of an oxybenzoyl polyester comprising forming a porous coating of said oxybenzoyl polyester on a wire, and drawing the coated wire through a die having a diameter greater than the diameter of said wire but less than the diameter of said coated wire whereby said porous coating is rendered impervious, said oxybenzoyl polyester having a molecular weight of at least about 3,500 and being infusible and being selected from the group consisting of:
  • porous coating is formed on said wire by heating said wire to a temperature in the range from 500 F. to 1200 F. and passing the heated wire through a mass of granules of said oxybenzoyl polyester whereby said granules form an adherent porous coating on the wire.
  • a process as set forth in claim 1 wherein said porous coating is formed by flame spraying said oxybenzoyl polyester on said wire.
  • a process as set forth in claim 1 wherein said oxybenzoyl polyester has a molecular weight of from 3,500 to 25,000 and consists essentially of from about 30 to about 200 recurring structural units of the formula I -Q- l 6.
  • a process as set forth in claim 5 wherein said oxy- (III) benzoyl polyester has the formula wherein R is selected from the group consisting of bengroup consisting of hydrogen, benzoyl and phenyl and p zoyl, lower alkanoyl and hydrogen; R is selected from the is an integer from 30 to 200.
  • said oxybenzoyl polyester has a molecular weight of from 3,500 to 25,000 and consists essentially of recurring structural units of Formulas I, III, and IV.
  • said oxybenzoyl polyester consists essentially of recurring units of the formula References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,471,023 5/1949 Cook et al. 26078.3 2,760,229 8/1956 Cheney et al 118-405 2,883,039 4/1959 Smollinger et a1 118-405 3,039,994 6/ 1962 Gleim 26047 C 3,197,324 7/1965 Brooks 117-21 3,443,007 5/1969 Hardy 264-323 3,444,131 5/1969 Rosenbrock et a1.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
  • Macromolecular Compounds Obtained By Forming Nitrogen-Containing Linkages In General (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
US3669738D 1969-05-28 1969-05-28 Polyester coated wire Expired - Lifetime US3669738A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US82865269A 1969-05-28 1969-05-28
US18733971A 1971-10-07 1971-10-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3669738A true US3669738A (en) 1972-06-13

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ID=26882933

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US3669738D Expired - Lifetime US3669738A (en) 1969-05-28 1969-05-28 Polyester coated wire
US3779808D Expired - Lifetime US3779808A (en) 1969-05-28 1971-10-07 Polyester coated wire

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US3779808D Expired - Lifetime US3779808A (en) 1969-05-28 1971-10-07 Polyester coated wire

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (2) US3669738A (https=)
BE (1) BE751000A (https=)
CH (1) CH531778A (https=)
DE (1) DE2025972A1 (https=)
FR (1) FR2108179B1 (https=)
GB (1) GB1303486A (https=)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3954541A (en) * 1971-06-01 1976-05-04 Mannesmann A.G. Welding of thermoplastics through resistance heating
US3962990A (en) * 1973-11-29 1976-06-15 Plastic Coatings Limited Apparatus for coating elongate articles
US4011832A (en) * 1975-02-26 1977-03-15 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Build control for fluidized bed wire coating
US4029832A (en) * 1975-07-03 1977-06-14 Monsanto Company Method for producing an adhesive-coated high-strength steel reinforcing member
US4059136A (en) * 1975-02-18 1977-11-22 The Oakland Corporation Thread lock
US4145474A (en) * 1976-07-01 1979-03-20 Maillefer S.A. Method of manufacturing insulated electric wire of the enamelled-wire type by extrusion
US4150164A (en) * 1974-01-02 1979-04-17 W. R. Grace & Co. Process for heating cylindrical containers with a plasma arc generated flame
US4183888A (en) * 1972-08-30 1980-01-15 Kabel-Und Metallwerke Gutehoffnungshutte Ag Method of coating wire
US4250226A (en) * 1976-12-02 1981-02-10 Monsanto Company Method for producing an adhesive-coated high-strength steel reinforcing member
US4294870A (en) * 1977-11-10 1981-10-13 Walter Hufnagl Methods and device for cladding elongated objects such as wires and the like with powdered material
US5241921A (en) * 1992-07-15 1993-09-07 Sadlak Michael W Water skiing boom
US6399161B1 (en) 1997-06-24 2002-06-04 Plasto As Method for coating a metal shaft with plastic
US20160199928A1 (en) * 2015-01-14 2016-07-14 Yazaki Corporation Method of manufacturing protective structure and method of manufacturing protective structure of composite electric wire

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2359876C3 (de) * 1973-01-17 1984-08-30 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd., Osaka Verfahren zur Herstellung von Hochfrequenz-Koaxialkabeln
US4131714A (en) * 1975-12-22 1978-12-26 Essex International, Inc. Mixtures of linear polyesters used to coat metallic strands
CH612789A5 (https=) * 1976-07-01 1979-08-15 Maillefer Sa

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2471023A (en) * 1945-12-11 1949-05-24 Ici Ltd Highly polymeric linear esters
GB660883A (en) * 1949-01-10 1951-11-14 Courtaulds Ltd Improvements in and relating to the production of polymeric esters
US3039994A (en) * 1960-05-11 1962-06-19 Universal Oil Prod Co Polyesters of hydroxybenzoic acids
US3444131A (en) * 1966-05-19 1969-05-13 Dow Chemical Co Hydroxymethyl diphenyl oxide-modified polyester resins
US3637595A (en) * 1969-05-28 1972-01-25 Steve G Cottis P-oxybenzoyl copolyesters

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3954541A (en) * 1971-06-01 1976-05-04 Mannesmann A.G. Welding of thermoplastics through resistance heating
US4183888A (en) * 1972-08-30 1980-01-15 Kabel-Und Metallwerke Gutehoffnungshutte Ag Method of coating wire
US3962990A (en) * 1973-11-29 1976-06-15 Plastic Coatings Limited Apparatus for coating elongate articles
US4150164A (en) * 1974-01-02 1979-04-17 W. R. Grace & Co. Process for heating cylindrical containers with a plasma arc generated flame
US4059136A (en) * 1975-02-18 1977-11-22 The Oakland Corporation Thread lock
US4011832A (en) * 1975-02-26 1977-03-15 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Build control for fluidized bed wire coating
US4029832A (en) * 1975-07-03 1977-06-14 Monsanto Company Method for producing an adhesive-coated high-strength steel reinforcing member
US4145474A (en) * 1976-07-01 1979-03-20 Maillefer S.A. Method of manufacturing insulated electric wire of the enamelled-wire type by extrusion
US4250226A (en) * 1976-12-02 1981-02-10 Monsanto Company Method for producing an adhesive-coated high-strength steel reinforcing member
US4294870A (en) * 1977-11-10 1981-10-13 Walter Hufnagl Methods and device for cladding elongated objects such as wires and the like with powdered material
US4333419A (en) * 1977-11-10 1982-06-08 Walter Hufnagl Methods and device for cladding elongated objects such as wires and the like with powdered material
US5241921A (en) * 1992-07-15 1993-09-07 Sadlak Michael W Water skiing boom
US6399161B1 (en) 1997-06-24 2002-06-04 Plasto As Method for coating a metal shaft with plastic
US20160199928A1 (en) * 2015-01-14 2016-07-14 Yazaki Corporation Method of manufacturing protective structure and method of manufacturing protective structure of composite electric wire

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1303486A (https=) 1973-01-17
CH531778A (fr) 1972-12-15
BE751000A (fr) 1970-11-27
FR2108179A1 (https=) 1972-05-19
FR2108179B1 (https=) 1974-09-20
US3779808A (en) 1973-12-18
DE2025972A1 (de) 1970-12-10

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