US3668352A - Blast orifice unit for self-blasting compressed gas electric circuit-breakers - Google Patents

Blast orifice unit for self-blasting compressed gas electric circuit-breakers Download PDF

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Publication number
US3668352A
US3668352A US92671A US3668352DA US3668352A US 3668352 A US3668352 A US 3668352A US 92671 A US92671 A US 92671A US 3668352D A US3668352D A US 3668352DA US 3668352 A US3668352 A US 3668352A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
interruption chamber
zone
holes
interruption
shell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US92671A
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English (en)
Inventor
Benito Jose Calvino Y Teijeiro
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Magrini Fabbriche Riunite Magrini Scarpa e Magnano MSM SpA
Original Assignee
Magrini Fabbriche Riunite Magrini Scarpa e Magnano MSM SpA
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
    • H01H33/7023—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by an insulating tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle
    • H01H33/703—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by an insulating tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle having special gas flow directing elements, e.g. grooves, extensions

Definitions

  • the object of this invention is an improved blast orifice unit for self-blasting compressed gas circuit-breakers, which greatly increases the performance of the interruption chambers with which these circuit-breakers are equipped in comparison with'the known prior art types.
  • L a where L stands for the chamber end part length stated in mm, and U,. is the circuit-breaker rated service voltage expressed in kV.
  • An object of this invention istherefore to obtain the best possible performance of an interruption chamber for compressed gas circuit-breakers, structurally improved with respect to present devices and with particular reference to the interruption chamber of the aforementioned Italian patent.
  • a further object of this invention is to improve the decom-
  • a still further object of this invention is to improve and accelerate the outflow of decomposition and quenching gases through the exhaust orifice of the chamber and decreasing the whirling effects occurring in said outlet flow.
  • a plurality of decompression holes is terruption chamber.
  • the chamber further comprises a third substantially conical and divergent zone, the length of which is determined from the aforementioned experimental relation:
  • This third divergent zone includes a plurality of ring-like grooves, each of which has a substantially triangular cross secangles less than in the cylindrical, and smaller surfaced'zone where they have their mouth.
  • a concentric external shell surrounds chamber proper and has an outer diameter with the chamber axis, an flow direction.
  • the outlet natively, pled in close contact with the interruption chamber.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows the longitudinal section of an interruption chamber with its outward communicating holes (or decompresand the conical divergent end zone;
  • FIG. 2 shows, on a larger scale, the detail of a decompression hole in the smaller surfaced zone.
  • the improved blast orifice unit of the interruption chamber of this invention comprises a shell 4, made of the same material as the interruption chamber and and consequently by arrows 7 (the A-A).
  • Holes 6 unlike prior art constructions, do not have their axes perpendicular to axis A-A of the interruption chamber; their shape therefore is not the standard right truncated cone shape of the holes adopted by the known technique; on the contrary, as previously noted, they have an oblique flow axis from zone towards zone 9, the flow axis being therefore inclined in the gas outflow direction, towards axis A-A, by an angle a that, according to the preferred embodiment of this invention, ranges from 45 to 65.
  • the holes which pass through the Wall of the interruption chamber proper have their outlet sections referenced l 1.
  • groove 16 is disposed concentrically to the interruption chamber, and has a substantially triangular cross section with an open base 12 directed in the same direction as outlet orifice 2 of the interruption chamber; and, on the drawing plane, basel2 also denotes the mark of the ring which is the open air outflow section of groove 16.
  • Groove 16 can be deemed a toroidal body generated by the substantially triangular geometrical figure defined by sides l1, l2 and 19 in FIGS. 1 and 2, said figure being supposed as revolving around axis A-A of the chamber, which consequently becomes coincident with the tore axis.
  • the generatrix line of the toroidal body coincident with the side 19 and opposed, on the drawing plane, to the mark of the outlet section ll, is inclined, in the outflow direction and towards axis A-A, at an angle [3 ranging from 30 to 45.
  • each slanting truncated cone hole 6 directs the flow of quenching gas along arrows 8; then the gas reaches groove 16 and at side 19 strikes against the protective shield formed thereby, thus undergoing a deflection in the direction of arrows 17 substantially parallel to axis A-A and to inner flow 7.
  • the final flow of the gas becomes substantially parallel to axis A-A of the chamber and can thus join the gases exiting from outlet opening or orifice 2 of the chamber without giving rise to any'whirl phenomena.
  • shell 4 prevents the hot gas (heated in consequence of its contact with the arc) exiting from holes 6 from coming in contact with the cylinder 20 made of bakelized paper or other suitable insulating material.
  • the efficient protection of cylinder 20 is in this way obtained, thereby prolonging its operational life.
  • a further advantage ensuing from this invention consists in obtaining a thrust which improves the opening of the circuit breaker by accelerating the displacement of the moving part (in the direction of arrow 18) with which moving contact 3 is jointed. In fact, the gas flowing in the direction of arrows 8, strikes side 19 and develops a thrust against shell 4.
  • this thrust can be analyzed by resolving it in two orthogonal directions, one parallel to axis A-A and the other perpendicular thereto; the component according to the latter direction has no effect on the movement of the chamber, since the interruption chamber has no displacement perpendicular to axis A-A, whereas the component parallel to axis A A improves the circuit breaker opening (see arrow 18, FIG. 2).
  • shell 4 can be extended in the outflow direction so that it surrounds (besides zones 1 and 5) not only a part but the whole of zone 9, thus making decompression holes 6 open into groove 16, extending in a hollow having a right cross section in the form of a ring which coaxially surrounds the whole interruption chamber and has its outlet end section (equivalent to section 12) laying in the same plane as the outlet opening or orifice 2 of the chamber.
  • decompression holes 6, instead of opening into annular groove 16, can continue on in single outflow ducts which are direct extensions of holes 6 and have cross sections corresponding to the shape of holes 6 or join in a suitable manner with their outlet sections 11. It is possible that outflow ducts l6:would in turn terminate with their own section 12, as shown, or continue on unchanged beyond section 12 to terminate in the same plane as outlet orifice 2, in case the shell 4 is extended to include the whole of zone 9. It may be also noted that the cross section of outflow ducts 16 can be circular, elliptical, or have any other suitable and convenient shape; this also applies to the cross section of decompression holes 6, although in regard to this point, it has been confirmed that the circular cross section is preferable in comparison with others. Also, the device contains at least two decompression holes 6; the preferred embodiment employs four, displaced from each other by although it is considered possible to foresee more than four.
  • An axial blast interruption chamber for self-blasting compressed gas electric circuit breakers comprising a blast orifice unit having a conical convergent zone, a cylindrical zone, a plurality of decompression holes operatively associated with said cylindrical zone, the plane of the mouth sections of said holes being disposed parallel to the axis of said interruption chamber, and a substantially conical divergent zone, the length of which is determined by the relation:'
  • said divergent zone containing a plurality of ring-like grooves having substantially triangular cross sections with an open base disposed in the direction of the outlet orifice of said interruption chamber; wherein said decompression holes have a substantially oblique truncated cone shape 'with their axes slanting in the direction of gas outflow at an angle (a) less than 90 towards the axis of said interruption chamber; an external shall concentrically surrounding at least a portion of said-interruption chamber; a toroidal groove concentrically disposed in said shell, having a substantially triangular cross section with an open base disposed in the direction of said outlet orifice, the generatrix of said toroidal groove slanting in the direction of gas outflow at an angle (,8) less than 90 towards said chamber axis; outlet sections of said decompression holes opening into said toroidal groove; said shell and said toroidal groove comprising a protective shield which completely covers said outlet sections.
  • An interruption chamber according to claim 1, wherein said shell axially extends in said gas outflow direction and surrounds at least said convergent zone, said cylindrical zone, and at least a part of said divergent zone, wherein said shell substantially fully shields said outlet sections.
  • An interruption chamber according to claim 1 further comprising at least four decompression holes, adjacent holes having their axes disposed substantially at right angles to one another.

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  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
US92671A 1969-11-27 1970-11-25 Blast orifice unit for self-blasting compressed gas electric circuit-breakers Expired - Lifetime US3668352A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT2497369 1969-11-27
CH515771 1971-04-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3668352A true US3668352A (en) 1972-06-06

Family

ID=25697107

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US92671A Expired - Lifetime US3668352A (en) 1969-11-27 1970-11-25 Blast orifice unit for self-blasting compressed gas electric circuit-breakers

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3668352A (fr)
BE (1) BE764619Q (fr)
CH (1) CH537092A (fr)
DE (1) DE2057686A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2072457A5 (fr)
GB (1) GB1336734A (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3949182A (en) * 1973-06-14 1976-04-06 Magrini Galileo S.P.A. Breaking chamber for self-blasting compressed gas electric circuit-breakers
US3995130A (en) * 1973-03-20 1976-11-30 Bbc Brown Boveri & Company Limited Arc quenching chamber component structure for circuit breakers operating with pressurized gas
US4667072A (en) * 1983-08-24 1987-05-19 Hitachi, Ltd. Gas-insulated circuit breaker
US5155312A (en) * 1990-03-13 1992-10-13 Hitachi, Ltd. Puffer type gas circuit interrupter
US20170352509A1 (en) * 2014-12-11 2017-12-07 General Electric Technology Gmbh High-voltage electrical circuit breaker device with optimised automatic extinction

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0495322A (ja) * 1990-08-03 1992-03-27 Hitachi Ltd ガス遮断器
FR2692400B1 (fr) * 1992-06-10 1997-06-27 Alsthom Gec Buse de soufflage a plusieurs divergents.
FR2692401B1 (fr) * 1992-06-10 1994-08-19 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa Buse de disjoncteur à plusieurs divergents.

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1944403A (en) * 1931-05-21 1934-01-23 Clere Andre Arc extinguishing chimney
US3291948A (en) * 1964-08-06 1966-12-13 Westinghouse Electric Corp Orifice structure for compressed gas-circuit interrupter
DE1254218B (de) * 1965-11-10 1967-11-16 Licentia Gmbh Druckgasschalter
FR1549097A (fr) * 1967-01-03 1968-12-06
US3551625A (en) * 1966-09-01 1970-12-29 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit breakers

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1944403A (en) * 1931-05-21 1934-01-23 Clere Andre Arc extinguishing chimney
US3291948A (en) * 1964-08-06 1966-12-13 Westinghouse Electric Corp Orifice structure for compressed gas-circuit interrupter
DE1254218B (de) * 1965-11-10 1967-11-16 Licentia Gmbh Druckgasschalter
US3551625A (en) * 1966-09-01 1970-12-29 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit breakers
FR1549097A (fr) * 1967-01-03 1968-12-06

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3995130A (en) * 1973-03-20 1976-11-30 Bbc Brown Boveri & Company Limited Arc quenching chamber component structure for circuit breakers operating with pressurized gas
US3949182A (en) * 1973-06-14 1976-04-06 Magrini Galileo S.P.A. Breaking chamber for self-blasting compressed gas electric circuit-breakers
US4667072A (en) * 1983-08-24 1987-05-19 Hitachi, Ltd. Gas-insulated circuit breaker
US5155312A (en) * 1990-03-13 1992-10-13 Hitachi, Ltd. Puffer type gas circuit interrupter
US20170352509A1 (en) * 2014-12-11 2017-12-07 General Electric Technology Gmbh High-voltage electrical circuit breaker device with optimised automatic extinction

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1336734A (en) 1973-11-07
DE2057686A1 (de) 1971-06-03
BE764619Q (fr) 1971-08-16
CH537092A (de) 1973-06-29
FR2072457A5 (fr) 1971-09-24

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