US3668017A - Tungsten boride-containing articles and production thereof - Google Patents
Tungsten boride-containing articles and production thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3668017A US3668017A US882713A US3668017DA US3668017A US 3668017 A US3668017 A US 3668017A US 882713 A US882713 A US 882713A US 3668017D A US3668017D A US 3668017DA US 3668017 A US3668017 A US 3668017A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tungsten
- boron
- tungsten boride
- boride
- core
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- OFEAOSSMQHGXMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12007-10-2 Chemical compound [W].[W]=[B] OFEAOSSMQHGXMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 32
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 29
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 29
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 boron halide Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011365 complex material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- FAQYAMRNWDIXMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroborane Chemical compound ClB(Cl)Cl FAQYAMRNWDIXMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
- Y10S428/9335—Product by special process
- Y10S428/941—Solid state alloying, e.g. diffusion, to disappearance of an original layer
Definitions
- the present invention is concerned with articles containing or consisting essentially of tungsten boride and with processes for their preparation.
- the present invention also comprises, therefore, articles containing or consisting essentially of one or more tungsten borides in which the tungsten boride W B constitutes at least 80% of the tungsten boride content and tungsten tetraboride WB constitutes less than 15% of the tungsten boride content.
- complex materials containing tungsten borides are usually prepared by depositing boron on a suitably heated tungsten core. As the boron is deposited on the tungsten, tungsten borides are formed leading to conversion of all or part of the tungsten and of all or part of the boron which is deposited. When the boron deposit is rather thick, a composite material is obtained comprising a core of tungsten boride which can, in the appropriate circumstances, still contain an inner core of unconverted tungsten, and an outer layer of boron. However the mechanical properties of such a composite material are better when all the tungsten is converted into tungsten boride.
- the articles according to the invention do not contain any unconverted tungsten.
- the outer layer of boron which may be present in the articles according to the invention, preferably consists of amorphous boron.
- amorphous used in this specification does not imply that the boron atoms are in a non-crystalline state and entriely disorganised, but that the boron crystallites are sufficiently small for the material to appear to be amorphous when examined by X-rays.
- the articles according to the invention are prepared by suitably controlling the conditions under which the deposi tion of the boron on a core of tungsten is effected.
- Filamentary or threadlike articles are preferably prepared.
- the deposition of boron arises from the thermal decomposition and the chemical reaction of a boron halide, such as boron trichloride, mixed with hydrogen.
- the process is carried out, for example, on a 12.7 micron tungsten filament which is electrically heated by Joule effect, the ends of the filament being subject to a potential difference sufficient to heat the filament to a temperature such that amorphous boron having crystallites of well defined dimensions, is obtained.
- the parameters of the process are as follows: (a) total gaseous mass supply, (b) mass fraction of the reactants, (c) temperature of the filament, (d) speed of transport of the filament, (e) diameter of the reactor, (f) length of the reactor, (g) sequence of the reactors, and (h) running system chosen.
- the control of the overall tungsten boride content and of the proportion of W B and WB, in the overall tungsten boride content, in the filamentary material obtained is effected by precisely regulating the temperature and the time for which the filament is heated to a high temperature in order to effect boron deposition.
- the starting material is a tungsten filament 12.7 microns in diameter
- complete conversion of the tungsten into tungsten borides, of which at least is W B is obtained by heating the filament in the presence of the gaseous mixture Whose decomposition leads to boron deposition, to a temperature of from 1050 to 1150 C. for a period of about 1 minute.
- the boron deposit changes from the amorphous state previously defined to the crystalline state, it produces a detectable electrical instability in the heating of the substrate by Joule etfect.
- the operative can use the detection of such electrical instability to prevent this allotropic variation.
- the electrical intensity used is suitably fixed at 3% below the experimentally determined value at which the instability phenomenon occurs with the same reactor and operating parameters.
- the electrical intensity is preferably regulated by means of an apparatus capable of maintaining the chosen value to within better than 1%.
- a process for the production of an article containing at least one tungsten boride which comprises the step of heating an article consisting of a core of tungsten having around said core a layer of boron to a temperature of from about 1050 to about 1150 C. under conditions as close as possible to, but not the same as those indicated by electrical instability in the heating of the tungsten, which cause the structure of the deposited boron to change from amorphous to crystalline for a time sufiicient to convert at least a part of the tungsten to tung- References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,226,248 12/1965 Talley 117-933 RALPH S. KENDALL, Primary Examiner C. WESTON, Assistant Examiner US. Cl. X.R.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR177408 | 1968-12-10 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3668017A true US3668017A (en) | 1972-06-06 |
Family
ID=8658080
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US882713A Expired - Lifetime US3668017A (en) | 1968-12-10 | 1969-12-05 | Tungsten boride-containing articles and production thereof |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3668017A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| FR (1) | FR1594282A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| GB (1) | GB1274696A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4343865A (en) * | 1981-06-24 | 1982-08-10 | General Electric Company | Hard metal body and method of making same |
| US4374901A (en) * | 1981-12-21 | 1983-02-22 | United Technologies Corporation | Very fine diameter uniform wires |
| US4436775A (en) | 1981-06-24 | 1984-03-13 | General Electric Company | Hard metal body and method of making same |
| WO2013022503A3 (en) * | 2011-04-22 | 2013-05-10 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Compositional variations of tungsten tetraboride with transition metals and light elements |
| WO2017132286A1 (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2017-08-03 | SuperMetalix, Inc. | Binder compositions of tungsten tetraboride and abrasive methods thereof |
| CN115747820A (zh) * | 2022-10-11 | 2023-03-07 | 东北电力大学 | 一种多孔硼化钨催化剂的制备方法及应用 |
| US12344921B2 (en) | 2017-02-06 | 2025-07-01 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Tungsten tetraboride composite matrix and uses thereof |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4407860A (en) * | 1981-06-30 | 1983-10-04 | International Business Machines Corporation | Process for producing an improved quality electrolessly deposited nickel layer |
| NL8200903A (nl) * | 1982-03-05 | 1983-10-03 | Philips Nv | Werkwijze voor het boreren van een naleveringskathode. |
-
1968
- 1968-12-10 FR FR177408A patent/FR1594282A/fr not_active Expired
-
1969
- 1969-12-03 GB GB59023/69A patent/GB1274696A/en not_active Expired
- 1969-12-05 US US882713A patent/US3668017A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4343865A (en) * | 1981-06-24 | 1982-08-10 | General Electric Company | Hard metal body and method of making same |
| US4436775A (en) | 1981-06-24 | 1984-03-13 | General Electric Company | Hard metal body and method of making same |
| US4374901A (en) * | 1981-12-21 | 1983-02-22 | United Technologies Corporation | Very fine diameter uniform wires |
| WO2013022503A3 (en) * | 2011-04-22 | 2013-05-10 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Compositional variations of tungsten tetraboride with transition metals and light elements |
| US10125412B2 (en) | 2011-04-22 | 2018-11-13 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Compositional variations of tungsten tetraboride with transition metals and light elements |
| US10731236B2 (en) | 2011-04-22 | 2020-08-04 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Compositional variations of tungsten tetraboride with transition metals and light elements |
| US11873544B2 (en) | 2011-04-22 | 2024-01-16 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Compositional variations of tungsten tetraboride with transition metals and light elements |
| WO2017132286A1 (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2017-08-03 | SuperMetalix, Inc. | Binder compositions of tungsten tetraboride and abrasive methods thereof |
| US11033998B2 (en) | 2016-01-25 | 2021-06-15 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Binder compositions of tungsten tetraboride and abrasive methods thereof |
| US11752593B2 (en) | 2016-01-25 | 2023-09-12 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Binder compositions of tungsten tetraboride and abrasive methods thereof |
| US12344921B2 (en) | 2017-02-06 | 2025-07-01 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Tungsten tetraboride composite matrix and uses thereof |
| CN115747820A (zh) * | 2022-10-11 | 2023-03-07 | 东北电力大学 | 一种多孔硼化钨催化剂的制备方法及应用 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1274696A (en) | 1972-05-17 |
| FR1594282A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1970-06-01 |
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