US3666132A - Membrane container construction for storing low-temperature liquified gas - Google Patents

Membrane container construction for storing low-temperature liquified gas Download PDF

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Publication number
US3666132A
US3666132A US103740A US3666132DA US3666132A US 3666132 A US3666132 A US 3666132A US 103740 A US103740 A US 103740A US 3666132D A US3666132D A US 3666132DA US 3666132 A US3666132 A US 3666132A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
inner vessel
vessel
liquified gas
insulating layer
heat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US103740A
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English (en)
Inventor
Katsuro Yamamoto
Shinji Nakagawa
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Eneos Globe Corp
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Eneos Globe Corp
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Publication date
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Assigned to MITSUI LIQUEFIED GAS CO., LTD. reassignment MITSUI LIQUEFIED GAS CO., LTD. CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BRIDGESTONE LIQUIFIED GAS CO., LTD.,
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/025—Bulk storage in barges or on ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S220/00—Receptacles
    • Y10S220/901—Liquified gas content, cryogenic

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A container or carrier for storing a low-temperature liquified gas in which a thin, metallic, film or membrane fluid-containing inner vessel composed of a bottom wall, side walls and a top having a central opening has a flexible bulge developed on the top in the area of juncture of the top and side walls and this bulge straightcns in cross section for compensating for temperature decreases and loading for the inner vessel with a liquified gas.
  • the internal pressure of the inner vessel is supported by a rigid, outer vessel in which a heat-insulating layer of compression-resistant material is installed.
  • the strength of the inner vessel is maintained by the compensating deformations and at the same time leakage of liquid is prevented. Pipes lead into the inner vessel through a trunk mounted on a top wall structure of the outer vessel.
  • This invention relates to storing of low temperature liquified gases obtained by liquifying substances which are gaseous at ordinary temperatures such as methane, oxygen and ammonia, by cooling them to their boiling point at ordinary pressure, and more particularly to a membrane receptacle tank construction for storing low temperature liquified gas.
  • Low temperature tank constructions are known in which a heat insulating layer is provided inside a pressure-resisting outer shell and an inner container or vessel is held close to the inner surface of the heat insulating layer.
  • the inner vessel is made of a thin metallic or membrane material plate so that it is flexible, and can be kept in tight contact with the inner surface of the insulating layer. When the inner vessel is subjected to an internal pressure it transmits its internal pressure through the heat insulating layer to the outer shell structure or vessel.
  • the invention provides a solution to the problems encountered in the known storage tanks of this type which have hitherto been in use.
  • the invention provides a membrane type storage tank or container for low temperature liquified gas which can avoid the irregular sagging of the top wall or structure of the inner vessel due to its own weight.
  • the inner tank has an open top with a boundary portion about its center top opening fixed to the rigid outer shell top structure about the periphery of a rigid trunk on the top structure of the outer tank.
  • the membrane vessel according to the invention is made up of side walls and a bottom wall of membrane construction.
  • the inner vessel has a top wall of membrane construction which is open and is connected to the side walls of the membrane tank by a flexible outwardly curved peripheral portion in the area of juncture between the top wall and side walls. This flexible portion, which is convex in vertical cross section, swells upwardly at ordinary temperatures.
  • a rigid outer shell is provided outside the inner vessel with a compression resisting heat insulating layer in between the inner and outer vessels.
  • a rigid trunk is provided on the rigid shell and is positioned at almost the center of the top wall of said inner vessel to which it is fixed to said outer shell, but insulated therefrom through heat-insulating material.
  • the invention is characterized by a feature that the top of the inner vessel is pressed down and deformed or bulged peripherally beforehand at ordinary temperatures by the rigid outer shell or vessel through the heat-insulating layer material which is in contact with the upper surface of the inner vessel top wall.
  • the inner vessel can fully withstand the oscillation which it may undergo when the principles of the invention are applied to the storage tanks of tankers or ships, since the whole of the inner vessel is prevented from crushing and its upper part from sagging, because its side walls of membrane construction are supported by the rigid trunk by way of the flexible curved portion which swells or bulges upwardly.
  • the top wall which has been pressed down beforehand even in an ordinary temperature unloaded condition receives no internal pressure but also is in an expanded condition. The concentration of stresses is avoided because the walls of the inner vessel are allowed to make any thermal deformation freely centering around a portion which is fixed to the rigid trunk at almost the center of the top wall of the inner vessel.
  • the walls of the inner vessel will be supported for a sufficiently large area by the compression-resistant heat-insulating layer which is in close contact therewith. Only with the straightening in cross section of or reduction in the bulging of the flexible curved portion and the preliminary pressing-down of the top wall resulted from the thermal contraction of the walls of the inner vessel, in a low temperture loading conditon.
  • the drawing is a fragmentary, vertical cross-section view of a container according to the invention and consisting of a double hull acting as a rigid outer shell in which is disposed an inner vessel 3 made of a low-temperature resisting material, such as nickel-steel sheet, stainless steel sheet or aluminum sheet.
  • the inner vessel 3 has a side wall 3a and a bottom wall 3b of membrane construction as well as a top wall 3d of membrane construction which is connected to the side wall 3a by way of a flexible portion 36 which swells or bulges upwardly at ordinary temperatures.
  • the top wall is pressed downwardly at ordinary temperature by the outer vessel through a heat-insulating layer 2d which is in contact with its upper surface.
  • the top wall of the inner vessel which was in the condition shown in the drawing by a double-dotted-dash line 3p in the manufacturing of the invention is deformed into a condition illustrated at 3d shown by double solid lines when preliminarily pressed by the heat insulating layer provided in close contact with its upper surface, thereby giving rise to a bulge or upward convex deformation in a flexible curved portion corresponding to a peripheral, marginal portion in the area of juncture of the top wall and side wall.
  • the bulge is received in an annular recess in the heat-insulating layer 2d as illustrated.
  • a lower flange or collar of a rigid trunk 5, reinforced by a bracket 4 is fixed the outer shell in a gas tight manner.
  • Upper and lower collars on the rigid trunk 5 are firmly fixed to the double hull serving as the outer shell through mounts 6 and 7 made of a heat-insulating material.
  • Additional heat-insulating material 8 is provided between the hull 1 and the trunk 5 so that the coldness within the inner vessel cannot exercise a direct effect upon the hull. All the pipes, including the delivery and gas pipes, are admitted into the inner vessel 3 through the trunk 5, and an opening in the trunk 5 is covered by a gas-tight cover, not shown, which is pierced with the pipes or conduits.
  • the inner vessel When the low temperature liquified gas is introduced, the inner vessel, which is in a condition shown in solid lines in an ordinary temperature unloaded condition, is deformed without stresses into a configuration or condition illustrated at 3Q by a broken line.
  • the thermal contraction, in a loaded condition centers around a border portion fixed to the trunk 5 and the reduction in or straightening in cross section of the upward bulge or curved portion 30.
  • the walls of the inner vessel, with an exception of the curved portion 30 at its upper, are brought into close contact, by internal pressure, with the compression-resisting heat insultating layer 2, and are supported by the hull l with the heat insulating layer 2 in between the two vessels or receptacles.
  • the inner vessel 3 of this device can maintain its shape without crushing even in an ordinary temperature unloaded condition in which it receives no internal pressure and is in an expanded condition by virtue of the preliminary pressing of the top wall 3d of the inner vessel and the upward swelling or bulging in the flexible curved portion 30 as well as the partial fixing of the top wall of the inner vessel to the hull 1 through the rigid trunk 5.
  • the inner vessel can freely make any thermal distortion or deformation centering around the fixed portion of its top wall, being thereby able not only to prevent the concentration of stresses but also to maintain its shape without difficulty even in an ordinary temperature unloaded condition.
  • the problems encountered in known membrane tanks and containers are avoided because the inner vessel of membrane construction consisting of a top wall which is properly pressed and deformed preliminarily at ordinary temperatures by the outer shell through a compression-resisting, heat-insulating layer, side walls which are connected to said top wall by way of a flexible curved portion which swells upwardly at ordinary temperature, and a bottom wall is supported within the outer shell and the central portion of said top wall alone is fixed to the outer shell through a rigid trunk.
  • a carrier for example a tank on a ship, but the structure described and illustrated may be made as a stationary tank or container. In such a case a foundation, not shown, may be provided under the outer shell for securing it to the ground.
  • a receptacle for storing low-temperature liquified gas comprising, a rigid vessel having a bottom, side walls and top structure, a heat-insulating layer in said vessel, a flexible, inner, fluid-containing vessel internally of said rigid vessel and interiorly of said heat-insulating layer, said inner vessel having a bottom, side walls and a top made of a fluid-impervious metallic material, said inner vessel top having a defonnably, marginal portion in the area of juncture of said top and said side walls, said portion having a convex configuration arcuate in cross section bulging upwardly at said area of junction, said marginal portion bulging upwardly when said inner vessel is in an unloaded condition, the arcuate marginal portion extending peripherally of said top, said top having a central opening, a trunk in the top structure of said rigid vessel in communication with said opening, means securing to said top structure a marginal portion of said top of the inner vessel bounding said central opening, said heat-insulating layer including heat-insulating material over said
  • a receptacle for storing low-temperature liquified gas according to claim 1, in which said inner vessel is made of a thin metallic membrane.
  • a receptacle for storing low-temperature liquified gas according to claim 1, in which said heat-insulating layer material comprises rigid polyurethane.
  • a receptacle for storing low-temperature liquifled gas according to claim 1, in which said heat-insulating layer comprises a compression-resistant material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
US103740A 1970-01-14 1971-01-04 Membrane container construction for storing low-temperature liquified gas Expired - Lifetime US3666132A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP45003706A JPS4914001B1 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1970-01-14 1970-01-14

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US3666132A true US3666132A (en) 1972-05-30

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US103740A Expired - Lifetime US3666132A (en) 1970-01-14 1971-01-04 Membrane container construction for storing low-temperature liquified gas

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US (1) US3666132A (enrdf_load_html_response)
JP (1) JPS4914001B1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
FR (1) FR2075441A5 (enrdf_load_html_response)
GB (1) GB1309330A (enrdf_load_html_response)
NO (1) NO128237B (enrdf_load_html_response)
SE (1) SE366106B (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3780900A (en) * 1970-11-10 1973-12-25 Bridgestone Liquefied Gas Co Low temperature liquefied gas tank of a membrane type
US3904067A (en) * 1972-09-22 1975-09-09 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Membrane tank for liquefied gases
US4461399A (en) * 1982-05-27 1984-07-24 Chicago Bridge & Iron Company Liquid storage tank conduit connection
US4582221A (en) * 1984-04-09 1986-04-15 Chicago Bridge & Iron Company Refrigerated storage tank roof connection
US4989750A (en) * 1990-04-16 1991-02-05 Lrs, Inc. Fire resistant tank construction
US5004632A (en) * 1988-03-31 1991-04-02 Lrs, Inc. Fire resistant tank construction
US5005615A (en) * 1990-01-08 1991-04-09 Lrs, Inc. Safety tank apparatus for liquid storage
US5016689A (en) * 1990-01-08 1991-05-21 Lrs, Inc. Safety tank apparatus for liquid storage
US5033636A (en) * 1988-10-07 1991-07-23 General Electric Company Refrigerator cabinet liner having non-crinkled corners
US5038456A (en) * 1990-04-26 1991-08-13 Lrs, Inc. Fire resistant tank construction method
US5056017A (en) * 1989-07-31 1991-10-08 Lrs, Inc. System to monitor fuel level in a tank, and fuel dispensed from the tank, to determine fuel leakage and theft losses
US5092024A (en) * 1990-04-26 1992-03-03 Lrs, Inc. Fire resistant tank construction method
US5103996A (en) * 1989-03-31 1992-04-14 Lrs, Inc. Fire resistant tank construction
US5137064A (en) * 1990-01-08 1992-08-11 Lrs, Inc. Safety tank apparatus for liquid storage
US5265656A (en) * 1990-01-08 1993-11-30 Lrs, Inc. Safety tank apparatus for liquid storage having fire resistant construction
US5284191A (en) * 1990-08-06 1994-02-08 Lrs, Inc. Safety tank apparatus for liquid storage
US5285920A (en) * 1989-03-31 1994-02-15 Lrs, Inc. Fire resistant tank assembly and liquid hydrocarbon dispensing
US5319545A (en) * 1989-07-31 1994-06-07 Lrs, Inc. System to monitor multiple fuel dispensers and fuel supply tank
US5533648A (en) * 1994-01-10 1996-07-09 Novus International, Inc. Portable storage and dispensing system
US5601204A (en) * 1989-12-19 1997-02-11 Hall; William Y. Tank vault with sealed liner
US6286707B1 (en) 1989-12-19 2001-09-11 William Y. Hall Container for above-ground storage
US6422413B1 (en) * 1989-12-19 2002-07-23 William Y. Hall Tank vault
CN101362538B (zh) * 2007-08-10 2012-05-23 霓佳斯株式会社 隔热容器及其制造方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
MY161296A (en) * 2011-06-27 2017-04-14 Ihi Corp Method for constructing low-temperature tank and low-temperature tank

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3052203A (en) * 1957-11-29 1962-09-04 Conch Int Methane Ltd Ship and tank thereon
US3150794A (en) * 1961-06-20 1964-09-29 Conch Int Methane Ltd Membrane tanks
US3319430A (en) * 1965-01-25 1967-05-16 Exxon Research Engineering Co Liquid supported cryogenic container
US3570701A (en) * 1968-02-06 1971-03-16 Bridgestone Liquefied Petroleu Tank for use in storing low temperature liquefied gas

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3052203A (en) * 1957-11-29 1962-09-04 Conch Int Methane Ltd Ship and tank thereon
US3150794A (en) * 1961-06-20 1964-09-29 Conch Int Methane Ltd Membrane tanks
US3319430A (en) * 1965-01-25 1967-05-16 Exxon Research Engineering Co Liquid supported cryogenic container
US3570701A (en) * 1968-02-06 1971-03-16 Bridgestone Liquefied Petroleu Tank for use in storing low temperature liquefied gas

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3780900A (en) * 1970-11-10 1973-12-25 Bridgestone Liquefied Gas Co Low temperature liquefied gas tank of a membrane type
US3904067A (en) * 1972-09-22 1975-09-09 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Membrane tank for liquefied gases
US4461399A (en) * 1982-05-27 1984-07-24 Chicago Bridge & Iron Company Liquid storage tank conduit connection
US4582221A (en) * 1984-04-09 1986-04-15 Chicago Bridge & Iron Company Refrigerated storage tank roof connection
US5004632A (en) * 1988-03-31 1991-04-02 Lrs, Inc. Fire resistant tank construction
US5033636A (en) * 1988-10-07 1991-07-23 General Electric Company Refrigerator cabinet liner having non-crinkled corners
US5285920A (en) * 1989-03-31 1994-02-15 Lrs, Inc. Fire resistant tank assembly and liquid hydrocarbon dispensing
US5103996A (en) * 1989-03-31 1992-04-14 Lrs, Inc. Fire resistant tank construction
US5056017A (en) * 1989-07-31 1991-10-08 Lrs, Inc. System to monitor fuel level in a tank, and fuel dispensed from the tank, to determine fuel leakage and theft losses
US5319545A (en) * 1989-07-31 1994-06-07 Lrs, Inc. System to monitor multiple fuel dispensers and fuel supply tank
US6422413B1 (en) * 1989-12-19 2002-07-23 William Y. Hall Tank vault
US6286707B1 (en) 1989-12-19 2001-09-11 William Y. Hall Container for above-ground storage
US5601204A (en) * 1989-12-19 1997-02-11 Hall; William Y. Tank vault with sealed liner
US5005615A (en) * 1990-01-08 1991-04-09 Lrs, Inc. Safety tank apparatus for liquid storage
US5265656A (en) * 1990-01-08 1993-11-30 Lrs, Inc. Safety tank apparatus for liquid storage having fire resistant construction
US5137064A (en) * 1990-01-08 1992-08-11 Lrs, Inc. Safety tank apparatus for liquid storage
US5718269A (en) * 1990-01-08 1998-02-17 Hoover Containment, Inc. Safety tank apparatus for liquid storage
US5016689A (en) * 1990-01-08 1991-05-21 Lrs, Inc. Safety tank apparatus for liquid storage
US4989750A (en) * 1990-04-16 1991-02-05 Lrs, Inc. Fire resistant tank construction
US5092024A (en) * 1990-04-26 1992-03-03 Lrs, Inc. Fire resistant tank construction method
US5038456A (en) * 1990-04-26 1991-08-13 Lrs, Inc. Fire resistant tank construction method
US5284191A (en) * 1990-08-06 1994-02-08 Lrs, Inc. Safety tank apparatus for liquid storage
US5406993A (en) * 1990-08-06 1995-04-18 Lrs, Inc. Safety tank apparatus for liquid storage
US5533648A (en) * 1994-01-10 1996-07-09 Novus International, Inc. Portable storage and dispensing system
CN101362538B (zh) * 2007-08-10 2012-05-23 霓佳斯株式会社 隔热容器及其制造方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE366106B (enrdf_load_html_response) 1974-04-08
DE2101292A1 (de) 1971-07-22
JPS4914001B1 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1974-04-04
NO128237B (enrdf_load_html_response) 1973-10-15
FR2075441A5 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1971-10-08
GB1309330A (en) 1973-03-07

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: MITSUI LIQUEFIED GAS CO., LTD., NO. 1-1, KYOBASHI

Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:BRIDGESTONE LIQUIFIED GAS CO., LTD.,;REEL/FRAME:003862/0001

Effective date: 19810611