US3665965A - Apparatus for reducing flowing fluid pressure with low noise generation - Google Patents

Apparatus for reducing flowing fluid pressure with low noise generation Download PDF

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Publication number
US3665965A
US3665965A US40607A US3665965DA US3665965A US 3665965 A US3665965 A US 3665965A US 40607 A US40607 A US 40607A US 3665965D A US3665965D A US 3665965DA US 3665965 A US3665965 A US 3665965A
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United States
Prior art keywords
transverse wall
wall means
upstream
downstream
noise
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Expired - Lifetime
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US40607A
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English (en)
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Hans D Baumann
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Dresser Industries Inc
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MASONELLAN INTERNATIONAL Inc
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US case filed in Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit litigation Critical https://portal.unifiedpatents.com/litigation/Court%20of%20Appeals%20for%20the%20Federal%20Circuit/case/2022-2165 Source: Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit Jurisdiction: Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit "Unified Patents Litigation Data" by Unified Patents is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
US case filed in Nevada District Court litigation https://portal.unifiedpatents.com/litigation/Nevada%20District%20Court/case/3%3A20-cv-00040 Source: District Court Jurisdiction: Nevada District Court "Unified Patents Litigation Data" by Unified Patents is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by MASONELLAN INTERNATIONAL Inc filed Critical MASONELLAN INTERNATIONAL Inc
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Publication of US3665965A publication Critical patent/US3665965A/en
Assigned to STUDEBAKER-WORTHINGTON, INC., A CORP. OF DE reassignment STUDEBAKER-WORTHINGTON, INC., A CORP. OF DE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. EFFECTIVE DEC. 31, 1980. Assignors: MASONEILAN INTERNATIONAL , INC. A CORP. OF DE
Assigned to EDISON INTERNATONAL, INC. reassignment EDISON INTERNATONAL, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: STUDEBAKER-WORTHINGTON, INC., A CORP. OF DE
Assigned to DRESER INDUSTRES, INC. 1505 ELM STREET, DALLAS, TEXAS 75201, A CORP OF DE. reassignment DRESER INDUSTRES, INC. 1505 ELM STREET, DALLAS, TEXAS 75201, A CORP OF DE. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: EDISON INTERATONAL, INC. 1701 GOLF ROAD, ROLLING MEADOWS, IL., 60008, A CORP. OF DE.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/04—Devices damping pulsations or vibrations in fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/02—Energy absorbers; Noise absorbers
    • F16L55/027—Throttle passages
    • F16L55/02709—Throttle passages in the form of perforated plates
    • F16L55/02718—Throttle passages in the form of perforated plates placed transversely

Definitions

  • the low noise fluid pressure throttling apparatus [52] 1.1.5. Cl ..138/42, 181/46, 251/127, provides an assembly of a plurality of such plates, and which 181/56 may comprise a segment of or be interposed in a fluid flow [51] It. CI ..FlSd 1/00 containing c ndui[ The low noise throttling plates are [58] Field of Search ..138/42; 181/46, 69, 33.9, 36.2, pasaged by multiple small section rifices producing a h 181/56?
  • References Cited reducing assembly defines with the intervening flow contain- UNITED STATES PATENTS ing means a volume which is dimensioned to produce resonant damping of the noise pressure wave generated 1n the pnmary 1,697,481 1/1929 Sloan.. ..181/69 rifices, Th pressure dro through the reducing apparatus is 2,677,23 1 5/1954 Corneliusx divided into nearly equal ratio drops across each plate, further 2,075,3 Tyden 1 8 noise generation. 2,520,089 8/1950 Lippincott 138/40 1,914,072 6/1933 Boylston ..181/69 12 China, 3 Drawing Figures Patented May 30, 1972 3,655,965
  • the invention pertains to apparatus for reducing the pressure of gaseous or liquid media flowing through a pipe or duct, and more particularly for accomplishing the fluid pressure reduction with minimum or greatly reduced generation of noise, or unwanted sound.
  • the problems attendant upon the annular of noise are well known to include not only the human reaction criteria of annoyance, damage to hearing, and reduction in work efi'lciency, but also the effects on physical structures and equipment, such as structural fatigue, and equipment malfunction.
  • Fluid dynamic theory predicates a high dependence of the herein concerned throttling noise energy on the pressure drop ratio and fluid flow velocity.
  • High pressure differentials across a jet or constriction in the fluid flow generate noise energy which increases at a rate greater than the rate of increase in the pressure drop in ratio.
  • the noise or vibration energy generated also varies with the eighth power of the fluid velocity in the jet. Both a high velocity, and a pressure drop ratio, then, lead to high accoustical efficiency, or high energy conversion to noise.
  • Any solid or fluid medium vibrating in response to noise energy waves will convert a portion of the energy it receives to heat. With fluids it is the fluid viscosity which occasions the conversion, or damping. A similar noise energy damping reaction occurs as well in solids.
  • the amount of energy passed on through such media varies with the negative power of the distance that the energy travels within the medium. And in solids like the metals found in pipes, the attenuation in the medium increases with the frequency of the noise energy.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of the invention apparatus
  • FIG. 2 is a section along any bisecting'line of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a modified form of the apparatus.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 of the drawings a herein circular, radially symmetrical conduit C is shown as having an inner wall defining two axially in-line parts 3a, 3b which extend to either side of a ring or annular spacer 4.
  • the spacer 4 has a larger diameter, cylindrical'inner face 5 coaxial with conduit axis A--A', and an intermediate, annular, infacing flange or lip 6 of full circumferential extent.
  • a pair of transverse wall forming means or plates 7, 9 having a tight fit within spacer 4 are held by suitable means, herein the collars 8 and 11, against the opposite faces of lip 6.
  • the collars 8 and 11 are in turn closed against the plates 7, 9 by the ends of smaller diameter shoulders of conduit parts 3a, 3b when the same are assembled with the spacer 4 as by external clamping means which may be conventional and are, therefore, not shown.
  • the plates 7, 9 may be parallel mounted with the ring 4 in a rigid assembly or frame in any desired manner, and wherein the circumferentially containing means 4 is inserted in or is a portion of the conduit C.
  • Upstream plate 7 is passaged by a multiplicity of jet orifices or holes 12.
  • the number of holes 12 is great, and their crosssectional area is small.
  • the holes 12 will be understood to be utilized in a number: cross-sectional area combination which for a given fluid at a given or maximum expected flow rate produces the desired low pressure drop across the plate 7, in
  • This attenuation by the conduit may be expressed as:
  • the frequency is, of course, a direct function of the passages or hole diameter.
  • the diameter of the upstream holes 12, and thereby increasing the frequency of the noise energy generated therein a larger portion of the noise energy is attenuated in the conduit walls, and a corresponding reduction is achieved in the noise radiated to or polluting the environment.
  • the downstream plate 9 has a set of orifices or holes 14 which are seen as offset from the holes 12.
  • the number and cross-sectional area of these holes is again adjusted to the desired pressure drop, for a given fluid and flow rate, and is selected also and novelly to provide, as before, increased frequency of vibration of, and thereby enhanced conduit wall attenuation of, the generated noise.
  • the total cross-sectional area of the holes 14 is made larger than the total cross-sectional area of the holes 12, by the provision either of more or larger holes 14 through the second plate 9.
  • the pressure drop across the perforated plates 7 and 9 is split up into equal or substantially equal ratios. This results in a substantial decrease of the overall noise level, since as above noted, the level of noise energy generated in a jet increases more rapidly than the rate of increase in the pressure drop ratio across the jet. In other words, by thus keeping the pressure drop ratio across each perforated plate smaller, there is achieved a reduction of noise energy generated, over that for a single plate with a higher accoustical efficiency in noise generation due to its higher pressure drop.
  • V the volume of the cavity 21
  • the desired resonant cavity may under the'invention be provided by a volume 21 having shape and proportion other than that defined by the frame spacer 6 and plates 7, 9 herein particularly disclosed and described.
  • FIG. 3 a modified embodiment comprising a plurality of three transverse plates, incorporating upstream plate 7 and a pair of downstream plates 9, 22.
  • the downstream plate 22 will be understood to have openings 23 having the similar position and proportion relationship to the openings 14 of downstream plate 9 as the latter have to the openings 12 of upstream plate 7.
  • the plates 7, 9, 22 will be understood to define resonant cavities, and to divide the frame volume, in accordance with the invention teachings as hereinbefore explained.
  • modified ring 4a may have a lip 6a against which upstream plate 7 is held by collar 8, and downstream plate 9 is engaged by insert ring 24, against the opposite face of which the downstream plate 22 is in turn held by collar 11.
  • modified bolt 16a will be understood to be passed through intermediate plate 9 for threading into downstream plate 22, with the plates being spaced thereat by a pair of the collars 18.
  • FIG. 3 Also shown in FIG. 3 is one expedient for closing the ends of conduit portions 3a, 3b against the sides of the rings 4a, comprising integral flanges 25, 26 on said conduit portions 3a, 3b, and a series of radially disposed nut and bolt or similar fastenings 27 therethrough as shown.
  • the frame hereof may comprise the described plate pluralities and the intervening conduit wall portion as defined by the herein disclosed spacer, or by the securing of the wall forming means or plates to the conduit inner wall and in spaced assembly in any other desired or convenient manner.
  • the plate assembly or frame hereof may be utilized in downstream conjunction with a conventional, single orifice throttling valve. It will be appreciated that in such application the low noise plates hereof operate to filter the major noise emanating from the throttling valve, preventing the noise from travelling into the downstream pipe and hence from radiating through that to the outside environment.
  • said multiple, small, flow throttling passages in said upstream and downstream transverse wall means provided in such determined large number and small cross section as radiates noise energy at a frequency at which it is highly attenuated within said conduit, and whereby it accords the apparatus low accoustical efficiency;
  • said circumferentially containing means comprising, with the one or more pairs of any two adjacent of said upstream and downstream transverse wall means, one or more resonant damping chambers,
  • each said resonant damping chamber defining, by the spacing of said transverse wall means, a volume calculated to produce the resonant frequency of the sound waves generated by the fluid flow through said transverse wall means.
  • transverse wall means are plates, and wherein said throttling passages are holes defining jet orifices in said plates.
  • transverse wall means comprise annular plates
  • circumferential containing means comprises a spacer ring
  • said flow capacity adjusting means comprises means for closing a determined portion of the passages of one or another of said wall means.
  • passage closing means comprise plate means removably supported against the upstream side of said one or another wall means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pipe Accessories (AREA)
US40607A 1970-05-26 1970-05-26 Apparatus for reducing flowing fluid pressure with low noise generation Expired - Lifetime US3665965A (en)

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Cited By (59)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3878870A (en) * 1974-04-16 1975-04-22 Atomic Energy Commission Orifice design for the control of coupled region flow
US4024891A (en) * 1974-06-29 1977-05-24 Honeywell Inc. Control valve with noise abating features
US4067361A (en) * 1976-04-21 1978-01-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Silent self-controlled orificial restrictor
USRE29714E (en) * 1970-11-27 1978-08-01 Sanders Associates, Inc. Fluid flow restrictor
US4113050A (en) * 1975-09-25 1978-09-12 British Gas Corporation Fluid-flow noise reduction systems
US4130173A (en) * 1971-10-01 1978-12-19 Vought Corporation Apparatus and method for reducing flow disturbances in a flowing stream of compressible fluid
US4148337A (en) * 1977-02-08 1979-04-10 Fluid Controls, Inc. Free delivery return valve and associated system
US4162784A (en) * 1976-03-08 1979-07-31 S.A. Des Anciens Etablissements Paul Wurth Pressure equalization apparatus and method
US4185664A (en) * 1978-04-17 1980-01-29 Dresser Industries, Inc. Low noise fluid pressure reducer
US4241805A (en) * 1979-04-02 1980-12-30 Vibration And Noise Engineering Corporation High pressure gas vent noise control apparatus and method
US4392144A (en) * 1981-07-01 1983-07-05 Keisuke Honda Recording unit
US4402485A (en) * 1981-06-11 1983-09-06 Fisher Controls Company, Inc. Eccentrically nested tube gas line silencer
US4475821A (en) * 1980-10-07 1984-10-09 Bruker-Analytische Messtechnik Gmbh Mixing chamber
US4479510A (en) * 1979-01-10 1984-10-30 Roger Bey Attenuating rotating valve having varying configurations
US4922716A (en) * 1988-01-13 1990-05-08 Cincinnati Milacron Inc. Throttled exhaust outlet to reservoir for reducing noise resulting from release hydraulic pressure surges
US5070909A (en) * 1990-06-11 1991-12-10 Davenport Robert G Low recovery rotary control valve
US5180139A (en) * 1991-10-15 1993-01-19 Fisher Controls International, Inc. Rotary ball fluid control valve with noise attenuator
US5193583A (en) * 1991-08-30 1993-03-16 Fisher Controls International, Inc. Rotary noise attenuator
US5209259A (en) * 1991-01-15 1993-05-11 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Fluid distribution system having noise reduction mechanism
US5332004A (en) * 1991-08-30 1994-07-26 Fisher Controls International, Inc. Rotary noise attenuator
US5437305A (en) * 1992-09-22 1995-08-01 Forward Spin Technologies, Inc. Flow control valve
US5511584A (en) * 1992-09-22 1996-04-30 Leinen; Chris M. Low noise rotary control valve
US5664760A (en) * 1995-04-06 1997-09-09 United Technologies Corporation Pressure regulation valve with integrated downstream pressure tap
US5758689A (en) * 1996-12-12 1998-06-02 Forward Spin Consulting, Inc. Control valve with partial flow diffuser
US5890505A (en) * 1997-04-03 1999-04-06 Dresser Industries, Inc. Low noise ball valve assembly with downstream airfoil insert
US5988586A (en) * 1997-03-07 1999-11-23 Dresser Industries, Inc. Low noise ball valve assembly with downstream insert
US6530684B1 (en) * 1998-12-07 2003-03-11 Roche Vitamins Inc. Preparation of liquid dispersions
EP1172594A3 (de) * 2000-07-12 2003-03-12 Wagner Alarm- und Sicherungssysteme GmbH Vorrichtung zum Löschen von Bränden
US6807986B2 (en) 2002-03-22 2004-10-26 Dresser, Inc. Noise reduction device for fluid flow systems
WO2007108686A1 (en) * 2006-03-22 2007-09-27 Aluheat B.V. Sound reduction provision for heat apparatuses
US20080142548A1 (en) * 2006-12-13 2008-06-19 Frozen Beverage Services Of California, Inc. Method and Apparatus for Combination and Delivery of Beverages for Consumption
US20080178583A1 (en) * 2007-01-12 2008-07-31 Yuguang Zhang Device with Trace Emission for Treatment of Exhaust Gas
US20090199656A1 (en) * 2008-02-12 2009-08-13 Sunita Rani Systems and methods for managing pressure and flow rate
WO2010009529A1 (en) * 2008-07-25 2010-01-28 Hatch Ltd. Apparatus for stabilization and deceleration of supersonic flow incorporating a diverging nozzle and perforated plate
US20110127454A1 (en) * 2005-10-05 2011-06-02 Acu Rate Pty Limited Controlled flow administration set
US8016071B1 (en) * 2010-06-21 2011-09-13 Trane International Inc. Multi-stage low pressure drop muffler
FR2958328A1 (fr) * 2010-04-06 2011-10-07 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Dispositif d'isolation d'un circuit de refroidissement
CN102563221A (zh) * 2010-12-20 2012-07-11 西安航天远征流体控制股份有限公司 一种液体减压管
US20120281496A1 (en) * 2004-01-09 2012-11-08 Waldron Jack L Mixing apparatus and method for manufacturing an emulsified fuel
US8307943B2 (en) * 2010-07-29 2012-11-13 General Electric Company High pressure drop muffling system
CN102798423A (zh) * 2011-05-27 2012-11-28 克洛纳有限公司 流量计的辅助设备
US8430202B1 (en) 2011-12-28 2013-04-30 General Electric Company Compact high-pressure exhaust muffling devices
US8511096B1 (en) 2012-04-17 2013-08-20 General Electric Company High bleed flow muffling system
US20130220443A1 (en) * 2012-02-22 2013-08-29 The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois Apparatus and method for flow control
US8550208B1 (en) 2012-04-23 2013-10-08 General Electric Company High pressure muffling devices
US20140069737A1 (en) * 2012-09-10 2014-03-13 Dresser Inc. Noise attenuation device and fluid coupling comprised thereof
WO2014042539A1 (en) 2012-09-17 2014-03-20 Hagevik Paal Irgens Device to reduce the pressure of a liquid flow and a regulating valve
US20160061372A1 (en) * 2014-09-02 2016-03-03 Canada Pipeline Accessories, Co. Ltd. Heated Flow Conditioning Systems And Methods of Using Same
US9399951B2 (en) 2012-04-17 2016-07-26 General Electric Company Modular louver system
US20160341334A1 (en) * 2014-02-07 2016-11-24 Valpres S.R.L. Shutter for a rotary adjustment valve
US20170205015A1 (en) * 2016-01-15 2017-07-20 Emerson Process Management Regulator Technologies, Inc. Noise attenuation apparatus for fluid devices
CN106979432A (zh) * 2016-01-15 2017-07-25 艾默生过程管理调节技术公司 用于压力调节器的噪声衰减装置
CN107143719A (zh) * 2017-06-29 2017-09-08 华东建筑设计研究院有限公司 一种可调节限流范围的节流孔板
US10208880B2 (en) 2016-12-30 2019-02-19 Emerson Process Management Regulator Technologies, Inc. Noise attenuators for use with process control devices
US10495234B2 (en) 2017-09-27 2019-12-03 Fisher Controls International Llc Flow stabilizer for a control valve
WO2020215140A1 (pt) * 2019-04-25 2020-10-29 Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. - Petrobras Dispositivo redutor suave de pressão e processos para redução suave de pressão
US11460140B2 (en) 2017-10-26 2022-10-04 Performance Pulsation Control, Inc. Mini-dampeners at pump combined with system pulsation dampener
US11473711B2 (en) 2017-10-26 2022-10-18 Performance Pulsation Control, Inc. System pulsation dampener device(s) substituting for pulsation dampeners utilizing compression material therein
US11591859B2 (en) 2020-10-12 2023-02-28 Performance Pulsation Control, Inc. Surface equipment protection from borehole pulsation energies

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FR2640351B1 (fr) * 1988-12-13 1991-04-05 Total Petroles Redresseur de l'ecoulement d'un fluide dans une conduite
NL1000492C1 (nl) * 1995-06-02 1996-12-03 Q E International Bv Geluidsdemper, een hiermee uitgeruste cokesovengasinstallatie, en een schot voor de geluidsdemper.
US6520767B1 (en) 1999-04-26 2003-02-18 Supercritical Combusion Corporation Fuel delivery system for combusting fuel mixtures
FR2902857B1 (fr) * 2006-06-27 2010-08-13 Francel Dispositif d'assemblage de deux canalisations destinees au transport d'un fluide et d'une piece interposee entre ces canalisations.

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GB117203A (en) * 1917-11-09 1918-07-11 Andrew Morgan Improved Blow-off Device for Steam Boilers.
US1697481A (en) * 1924-04-28 1929-01-01 William E Sloan Flush valve
US1914072A (en) * 1931-08-26 1933-06-13 Boylston John Sound diffractor
US2075316A (en) * 1933-11-21 1937-03-30 Carl Theodor Setterberg Silencer for internal combustion engines
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Cited By (82)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE29714E (en) * 1970-11-27 1978-08-01 Sanders Associates, Inc. Fluid flow restrictor
US4130173A (en) * 1971-10-01 1978-12-19 Vought Corporation Apparatus and method for reducing flow disturbances in a flowing stream of compressible fluid
US3878870A (en) * 1974-04-16 1975-04-22 Atomic Energy Commission Orifice design for the control of coupled region flow
US4024891A (en) * 1974-06-29 1977-05-24 Honeywell Inc. Control valve with noise abating features
US4113050A (en) * 1975-09-25 1978-09-12 British Gas Corporation Fluid-flow noise reduction systems
US4162784A (en) * 1976-03-08 1979-07-31 S.A. Des Anciens Etablissements Paul Wurth Pressure equalization apparatus and method
US4067361A (en) * 1976-04-21 1978-01-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Silent self-controlled orificial restrictor
US4148337A (en) * 1977-02-08 1979-04-10 Fluid Controls, Inc. Free delivery return valve and associated system
US4185664A (en) * 1978-04-17 1980-01-29 Dresser Industries, Inc. Low noise fluid pressure reducer
US4479510A (en) * 1979-01-10 1984-10-30 Roger Bey Attenuating rotating valve having varying configurations
US4241805A (en) * 1979-04-02 1980-12-30 Vibration And Noise Engineering Corporation High pressure gas vent noise control apparatus and method
US4475821A (en) * 1980-10-07 1984-10-09 Bruker-Analytische Messtechnik Gmbh Mixing chamber
US4402485A (en) * 1981-06-11 1983-09-06 Fisher Controls Company, Inc. Eccentrically nested tube gas line silencer
US4392144A (en) * 1981-07-01 1983-07-05 Keisuke Honda Recording unit
US4922716A (en) * 1988-01-13 1990-05-08 Cincinnati Milacron Inc. Throttled exhaust outlet to reservoir for reducing noise resulting from release hydraulic pressure surges
US5070909A (en) * 1990-06-11 1991-12-10 Davenport Robert G Low recovery rotary control valve
US5209259A (en) * 1991-01-15 1993-05-11 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Fluid distribution system having noise reduction mechanism
US5400825A (en) * 1991-08-30 1995-03-28 Fisher Controls International, Inc. Rotary noise attenuator
US5332004A (en) * 1991-08-30 1994-07-26 Fisher Controls International, Inc. Rotary noise attenuator
US5193583A (en) * 1991-08-30 1993-03-16 Fisher Controls International, Inc. Rotary noise attenuator
US5180139A (en) * 1991-10-15 1993-01-19 Fisher Controls International, Inc. Rotary ball fluid control valve with noise attenuator
US5437305A (en) * 1992-09-22 1995-08-01 Forward Spin Technologies, Inc. Flow control valve
US5511584A (en) * 1992-09-22 1996-04-30 Leinen; Chris M. Low noise rotary control valve
US5664760A (en) * 1995-04-06 1997-09-09 United Technologies Corporation Pressure regulation valve with integrated downstream pressure tap
US5758689A (en) * 1996-12-12 1998-06-02 Forward Spin Consulting, Inc. Control valve with partial flow diffuser
US5988586A (en) * 1997-03-07 1999-11-23 Dresser Industries, Inc. Low noise ball valve assembly with downstream insert
US5890505A (en) * 1997-04-03 1999-04-06 Dresser Industries, Inc. Low noise ball valve assembly with downstream airfoil insert
US6722780B2 (en) 1998-12-07 2004-04-20 Roche Vitamins Inc. Preparation of liquid dispersions
US6530684B1 (en) * 1998-12-07 2003-03-11 Roche Vitamins Inc. Preparation of liquid dispersions
US6536940B1 (en) 1998-12-07 2003-03-25 Roche Vitamins Inc. Preparation of liquid dispersions
EP1172594A3 (de) * 2000-07-12 2003-03-12 Wagner Alarm- und Sicherungssysteme GmbH Vorrichtung zum Löschen von Bränden
US6807986B2 (en) 2002-03-22 2004-10-26 Dresser, Inc. Noise reduction device for fluid flow systems
US20040262553A1 (en) * 2002-03-22 2004-12-30 Dresser, Inc., A Delaware Corporation Noise reductio device for fluid flow systems
US6880579B2 (en) 2002-03-22 2005-04-19 Dresser, Inc. Noise reduction device for fluid flow systems
US8568019B2 (en) * 2004-01-09 2013-10-29 Talisman Capital Talon Fund, Ltd. Mixing apparatus for manufacturing an emulsified fuel
US20120281496A1 (en) * 2004-01-09 2012-11-08 Waldron Jack L Mixing apparatus and method for manufacturing an emulsified fuel
US9033938B2 (en) * 2005-10-05 2015-05-19 Acu Rate Pty Limited Controlled flow administration set
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