US3663385A - Alkali salt electrolysis by mercury process - Google Patents

Alkali salt electrolysis by mercury process Download PDF

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Publication number
US3663385A
US3663385A US852582A US3663385DA US3663385A US 3663385 A US3663385 A US 3663385A US 852582 A US852582 A US 852582A US 3663385D A US3663385D A US 3663385DA US 3663385 A US3663385 A US 3663385A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
mercury
passageway
denuding
tower
pump
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US852582A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hiroshi Shibata
Teruo Imai
Shigeji Kumaki
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Kureha Corp
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Kureha Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kureha Corp filed Critical Kureha Corp
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/34—Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis
    • C25B1/36—Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis in mercury cathode cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C25B11/02—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
    • C25B11/033—Liquid electrodes

Definitions

  • An alkali chloride electrolytic apparatus in which a reservoir tank is provided between a denuding tower and a mercury pump and an auxiliary circulation passageway communicates between a mercury return passageway and an entrance of the reservoir tank.
  • This invention relates to an improvement in alkali chloride electrolysis by mercury process, and more particularly to an improved alkali chloride electrolysis, wherein wash water and a small amount of mercury which have been separated prior to its return to the electrolytic cell are caused to by pass said cell and be recirculated to a mercury reservoir provided between a denuding tower and a mercury pump.
  • Floating in the path on the upstream side of the baffle plate are separated along with the washing water and a small amount of mercury and are caused to be recirculated in an auxiliary circulation passageway for alkali metal amalgam flowed out of the electrolytic cell and separated from the electrolyte and amalgam butter, and then sent into the denuding tower, thereby accomplishing perfect separation of mercury from contaminants.
  • the washing water and the mercury due to difference in their specific gravity, are easily separated into two layers with the result that the quantity of the washing water passing through the pump varies greatly with lapse of time, and this separated water constantly varies the supplying quantity thereof into the denuding tower when it is separated at the inlet of the electrolytic cell and directly enters the denuding tower. This variation in the washing water affects the concentration tower.
  • the present invention proposes an improved and more effective alkali chloride electrolysis by mercury process, in which the washing water and a small quantity of mercury separated before it can enter the electrolytic cell are caused to circulate into a cushion box provided between the denuding tower and the mercury pump.
  • the cushion box is a reservoir for temporarily storing mercury to be sent from the denuding tower to a mercury pump, as well as for storing some of the washing water.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view showing one embodiment of the alkali chloride electrolytic apparatus according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a fragmentary, relatively enlarged perspective view, with parts cut away and parts in section, showing the part encircled by a dotted line and designated by Roman numeral III in FIG. 2.
  • the mercury which has flown through an electrolytic cell 1 and turned to sodium amalgam passes through a gas baffle 2 and a mercury baffle 3, and then is separated into the electrolyte and amalgam butter, thereafter it enters into a denuding tower, where it is denuded to produce caustic soda, while recovering mercury.
  • the mercury recovered at the denuding tower 4 is further sent to a pump 7 through a reservoir 5 where it gets together with washing water fed thereinto from the water supply passageway 6.
  • the mercury and the washing water are stirred and mixed, whereby the mercury is washed and cooled.
  • the mercury and wash water discharged from the pump 7 enter into a mercury return passageway 8, through which they are sent to a mercury separation passageway 9.
  • This passageway 9 is of such a construction as shown in FIG. 3, for example also shown in co-pending application Ser. No. 715,046. That is, as is clear from the drawing, the passageway 9 possesses one of the side walls thereof in common with the back side wall of the electrolytic cell 1, and are provided along the lower part of the common side wall a plurality of openings 11 for the separated mercury to flow inside the electrolytic cell.
  • a weir 12 by which the mercury accumulates up to the height of this weir l2 and the mercury separated from the wash water at this place enters into the electrolytic cell 1 through the inlet openings 11. At this time, a portion of the mercury accumulated in this passageway together with mercury emulsion and wash water floating thereabove overflow over the weir 12 to fall into an auxiliary circulation passageway 13 connected to the reservoir 5, and is re-circulated into the reservoir 5.
  • the wash water since the wash water is to circulate in the progressive order of the reservoir, the mercury pump 7, the mercury return passageway 8, the mercury separation passageway 9, and the auxiliary circulation passageway 13, the wash water is supposed to increase gradually its alkalinity.
  • a water supply passageway 14 connecting the reservoir 5 and the denuding tower 4 via a water pump 15 is provided so as to send a portion of the first mentioned washing water, which enter at 6, to the denuding tower.
  • the present invention since no manual scooping off of mercury emulsion is required, laborious work can be considerably reduced and, moreover, there is no loss of mercury to be recovered at the refining stage of the mercury emulsion thus scooped off. Furthermore, as a small quantity of mercury constantly overflows together with the wash water, the surface of the mercury in front of the weir 12 is always kept free of the wash water and the mercury emulsion floating on the top part of the mercury and accompanying therewith at the time when it flows in the passageway 9 and passes into the electrolysis bath vessel through the openings 1 1.
  • the denuding tower or denuder as referred to herein, is intended to be only a vertical type denuder, and is not any arbitrary type.
  • the present invention is not limited to the mercury circulation passageway as shown in FIG. 1, but also is applicable respectively to the horizontal electrolytic cell of a single passageway type, a mercury circulation passageway of an electrolysis bath vessel like that shown in FIG. 2 where the mercury emulsion flows down across the width of along electrolytic cell, and/or an electrolytic cell of a bent-type.
  • mercury which has flowed down across the electrolytic cell 21 in the arrowed direction and turned into mercury amalgam passes through the passage 22 and is discharged outside of the vessel through a mercury baffle 23 where it is separated into the electrolyte and amalgam butter, after which the electrolyte and the amalgam butter thus separated enter into a denuding tower 25.
  • the amalgam butter which is stagnant in front of the mercury baffle 23 is removed by an appropriate expedient.
  • the mercury which is discharged from the denuding tower 25 enters into a reservoir 27 where it is mixed with water fed from a water supply pipe 27a and the wash water circulated through an auxiliary circulation passageway 31, and then is sent into a circulation passageway 28 by means of a mercury pump 26.
  • Another mercury baffle 29 is provided at a side wall of the circulation passageway 28, at the extreme end of which there is provided a weir 30 communicating to the auxiliary circulation passageway 31. Most of mercury flowing in this circulation passageway 28 passes through the mercury baffle 29 to enter into the other circulation passageway 32, from which it is recirculated into the electrolysis bath vessel 21.
  • the surface part of the mercury even at the portion along the mercury baflle 29 has a flowing direction toward the weir 30, such that the mercury at the surface part and the mercury emulsion and washing water flowing thereover do not intermix with the flow of mercury passing under the baffle 29, thereby accomplishing perfect mercury separation.
  • a portion of the water in the reservoir tank 27 is sent to the denuding tower 25 through a pipeline 33 by means of a pump 34, and is used as a denuding water,
  • water to be fed from outside for use as washing water is also used ultimately as denuding water, so that it is desirable to use water of high purity such as deionized water, etc., and the place where it is to be supplied is not only not limited direct to the reservoir tank, but it may be fed to any place in the circulation circuit for use as the washing water.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
US852582A 1968-08-30 1969-08-25 Alkali salt electrolysis by mercury process Expired - Lifetime US3663385A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP6172568 1968-08-30

Publications (1)

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US3663385A true US3663385A (en) 1972-05-16

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US852582A Expired - Lifetime US3663385A (en) 1968-08-30 1969-08-25 Alkali salt electrolysis by mercury process

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US (1) US3663385A (en))
BE (1) BE738157A (en))
DE (1) DE1943682B2 (en))
FR (1) FR2023310A1 (en))
GB (1) GB1283545A (en))
NL (2) NL6913210A (en))

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6060036A (en) * 1998-02-09 2000-05-09 Implant Sciences Corporation Radioactive seed implants

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD145030A3 (de) * 1977-07-28 1980-11-19 Kluger Karl Heinz Vorrichtung zur erzeugung gleichma ssiger quecksilberstroeme in chlor-alkali-elektrolysen

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2748072A (en) * 1952-07-02 1956-05-29 Rumianca Spa Apparatus for producing alkali metal hydroxide
US2815318A (en) * 1952-07-30 1957-12-03 Ici Ltd Production of caustic soda
US2824054A (en) * 1954-01-06 1958-02-18 Solvay Process and apparatus for the manufacture of solutions of alkali metal hydroxides
US3091579A (en) * 1960-03-02 1963-05-28 Electrochemical Processes Inc Electrochemical process and apparatus with purification of mercury
US3398075A (en) * 1963-10-02 1968-08-20 Mobil Oil Corp Method of making telomers by means of nuclear radiation
US3420757A (en) * 1966-02-21 1969-01-07 Diamond Shamrock Corp Mercury cathode electrolysis

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2748072A (en) * 1952-07-02 1956-05-29 Rumianca Spa Apparatus for producing alkali metal hydroxide
US2815318A (en) * 1952-07-30 1957-12-03 Ici Ltd Production of caustic soda
US2824054A (en) * 1954-01-06 1958-02-18 Solvay Process and apparatus for the manufacture of solutions of alkali metal hydroxides
US3091579A (en) * 1960-03-02 1963-05-28 Electrochemical Processes Inc Electrochemical process and apparatus with purification of mercury
US3398075A (en) * 1963-10-02 1968-08-20 Mobil Oil Corp Method of making telomers by means of nuclear radiation
US3420757A (en) * 1966-02-21 1969-01-07 Diamond Shamrock Corp Mercury cathode electrolysis

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6060036A (en) * 1998-02-09 2000-05-09 Implant Sciences Corporation Radioactive seed implants

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1943682A1 (de) 1970-03-05
NL6913210A (en)) 1970-03-03
FR2023310A1 (en)) 1970-08-21
NL137437C (en))
DE1943682B2 (de) 1971-09-23
GB1283545A (en) 1972-07-26
BE738157A (en)) 1970-02-02

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