US3662757A - Diathermy plate electrode - Google Patents

Diathermy plate electrode Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3662757A
US3662757A US28311A US2831170A US3662757A US 3662757 A US3662757 A US 3662757A US 28311 A US28311 A US 28311A US 2831170 A US2831170 A US 2831170A US 3662757 A US3662757 A US 3662757A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
electrode
plate electrode
plate
diathermy
lead
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US28311A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
John Harold Blackett
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Smiths Group PLC
Original Assignee
Matburn Holdings Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matburn Holdings Ltd filed Critical Matburn Holdings Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3662757A publication Critical patent/US3662757A/en
Assigned to SMITHS INDUSTRIES PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY reassignment SMITHS INDUSTRIES PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: MATBURN (HOLDINGS) LIMITED
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/02—Details
    • A61N1/04—Electrodes

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT UNITED STATES PATENTS This invention relates to a plate electrode for use in surgical 1,989,282 1/1935 Klmble et a1 ..128/416 diathermy or electrosm-gical apparatus
  • the electrode is a hi 315431760 12/1970 Bolduc flexible sheet of metal foil backed by a flexible film of plastics 3,572,322 3/1971 Wade material 3,229,030 1/1966 Baermann...
  • Diathermy is a process by which heat is developed in the human body by the passage of a high frequency alternating electric current.
  • a typical surgical diathermy apparatus has two electrodes. One of these electrodes is called the active electrode and is the electrode used for cutting and coagulating the tissue. This electrode has a very small surface area and the current passing from this electrode to the' tissues has an intense heating effect. The other electrode is necessary to complete the electrical. circuit and is termed the indifferent ground or plate electrode. This electrode is muehlarger in area than the active electrode in order to reduce the, current intensity and therefore its heating effect. In order to prevent the occurrence of burns, it is important that a high proportion of the area of the plate electrode is maintained in good electrical contact with the skin.
  • Plate electrodes are usually of lead or stainless steelwhich can be moulded to conform to the sites of application to the patients, usually the thighs. To maintain good contact with the skin, the plate electrode is. placed in a gauze bag and dipped in saline solution before use. Conductive creams or jellies may also be used in the case of stainless steel plates. When a'lead plate has been bent a number of times, it tends to become corrugated, so that the larger area of contact is reduced to a number of ridges, and this can lead to burns at'the site of the plate electrode. Such burns may be very serious.
  • the conventional plate electrodes also suffer from other disadvantages.
  • the connecting lead to the diathermy apparatus has to be fitted on to'the plate with a connector or attachment of some sort, and this always involves the possibility of bad electrical contact or breakage, which may also result in the patient being burnt.
  • the high thermal mass of the conventional plates in particular large, thick lead plates, combined with the cooling effect of the saline, can produce a serious fall in body temperature in the treatment of infants and young children.
  • lead plates are very heavy, and there is always the danger that they will slip out of place if notbound firmly to the patient.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a plate electrode which avoids the disadvantages of known plate electrodes.
  • a plate electrode according to the present invention comprises a thin and flexible sheet of metal foil backed by a flexible film of plastics material.
  • the thickness of the metal foil lar, or circular. Different shapes may be more convenient for certain sites on the body, and for different methods of attachment.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of an electrode according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a section to a greatly exaggerated scale.
  • An electrode 1 is of circular shape with a diameter of about prevent' accidental contact with other apparatus or with the 15 centimeters.
  • the electrode consists of a thin, flexible and conductive metal foil with a backing 2 of thin flexible plastics material.
  • Such an electrode has the great advantage over conventional plate electrodes that it is very flexible and always provides excellent electrical contact with the skin of the patient over the whole surface area of the electrode.
  • the electrode plate is used dry, eliminating the need of saline contact solution or jelly.
  • the electrode is also very light in weight and may be easily and securely fitted to the patient by means of an adhesive plaster or a bandage or the like.
  • the metal foil l canbe of any convenient conductive material. It may, for example, be of copper or aluminum or stainless alloy.
  • the backing 2 may be or any suitable flexible plastics film such as polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, or a polyester such as that known under the registered trade mark of Mylar.
  • the electrode is preferably provided with two integral flexible conductor leads 3 or 4. More than two leads canbe provided if desired. Where two leads are provided, both leads are made of flexible metal foil backed by flexible plastics film and the conductive metalfoil may have a covering 5 of insulating material.
  • the insulating covering 5 to the conductor lead may conveniently be of any flexible plastics'film' material such as polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene or a polyester, or it may be of a plastics coating applied in liquid form.
  • a second conductor lead is to enable the electrical continuity of the plate electrode to be monitored continuously, by passing a small electrical current down one of theconductors to the plate electrode and back via theother conductor through a current sensing circuit, which may be arranged to provide a warning signal if there is a discontinuity in the plate circuit.
  • This current is a secondary current which is not in any way connected with the high frequency diathermy current.
  • the leads 3 and 4 have terminal portions6 and 7.
  • the plate electrode may be made by first producing a laminate consisting of a flexible metal foil backed by the flexible plastics material after which the electrode and, if desired, its lead is produced simply by cutting it out of the laminated sheet.
  • the electrode and its lead are advantageously manufactured by printed circuit techniques.
  • the metal foil'of the laminate can be etched to the desired shape, after first covering the required metal area with an etch resistant coating.
  • An advantageof using an etching technique instead of the mechanical cutting is that as shown in the drawing, a border 8 of non-conducting plastics material is left surrounding the metal foil of thejelectrode and the integral lead. This provides an insulated edge to'the lead conductor or conductors to body of the patient.
  • the conductor leads 3 and 4 in the form of a coil or coils surrounding the plate electrode;
  • a portion of the plastics film of the backing may extend between adjacent coils and may be cut in a continuous spiral which upon extension forms a longitudinally.
  • extending lead of sufficient length approximately 2 meters
  • thin radial portions or bridges" of the plastics film may be left between adjacent turns sufficient to hold the coils in position for packing, but which will break if pulled, to allow the lead to be extended.
  • the electrode and its lead may be backed by a suitable material to keep the lead in position for packing and storage purposes until the electrode is required for use when the backing material is removed to allow the leads to be extended.
  • A'plate electrode device for use in surgery comprising a thin flexible metal foil sheet electrode, a thin flexible plastic' leads integrally formed at their innerends in one piece with said metal foil sheet and extendable therefrom, said conductor leads being spaced from one another throughout their entire length, a thin flexible electrically non-conductive backing superimposed on one face of and joining said pair of metal foil bands and an electrically insulating layer covering the other face of said bands.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)
US28311A 1969-04-25 1970-04-14 Diathermy plate electrode Expired - Lifetime US3662757A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2118069 1969-04-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3662757A true US3662757A (en) 1972-05-16

Family

ID=10158528

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US28311A Expired - Lifetime US3662757A (en) 1969-04-25 1970-04-14 Diathermy plate electrode

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3662757A (nl)
DE (1) DE2018239C2 (nl)
DK (1) DK135215B (nl)
FR (1) FR2046479A5 (nl)
GB (1) GB1264673A (nl)
NL (1) NL170495C (nl)
SE (1) SE366215B (nl)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3812861A (en) * 1972-11-15 1974-05-28 R Peters Disposable electrode
US4197851A (en) * 1977-04-14 1980-04-15 Fellus Victor M Apparatus for emitting high-frequency electromagnetic waves
US4305115A (en) * 1979-03-14 1981-12-08 Harry H. Leveen Electrostatic shield
US4353372A (en) * 1980-02-11 1982-10-12 Bunker Ramo Corporation Medical cable set and electrode therefor
US4419091A (en) * 1981-02-12 1983-12-06 Sybron Corporation Metalized medical treatment electrode with insulated edge
US4793356A (en) * 1985-08-14 1988-12-27 Picker International, Inc. Surface coil system for magnetic resonance imaging
US4887614A (en) * 1983-09-05 1989-12-19 Kureha Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Medical electrode device
US5063932A (en) * 1989-10-03 1991-11-12 Mieczyslaw Mirowski Controlled discharge defibrillation electrode
US5111812A (en) * 1990-01-23 1992-05-12 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Defilbrillation electrode having smooth current distribution
US5191901A (en) * 1991-08-29 1993-03-09 Mieczyslaw Mirowski Controlled discharge defibrillation electrode
US5348007A (en) * 1993-03-24 1994-09-20 Conmed Corporation Biomedical electrode
US20060183989A1 (en) * 2004-08-17 2006-08-17 Healy James W Biomedical electrodes and biomedical electrodes for electrostimulation
US20090267859A1 (en) * 2008-04-29 2009-10-29 Ls Mtron, Ltd. End-fed planar type spiral antenna
US10300271B2 (en) 2014-12-16 2019-05-28 miha bodytec GmbH EMS training device, and method for protecting an EMS training device
US10814123B2 (en) 2014-12-18 2020-10-27 miha bodytec GmbH EMS stimulation current transmission element and EMS garment equipped with the EMS stimulation current transmission element
US10835736B2 (en) 2014-09-05 2020-11-17 miha bodytec GmbH EMS exercise device, EMS electrode, EMS garment, EMS stimulus generating unit, EMS signal cable, and EMS undergarment for an EMS exercise device, and method for operating the EMS exercise device

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4188927A (en) * 1978-01-12 1980-02-19 Valleylab, Inc. Multiple source electrosurgical generator
AT382785B (de) * 1982-10-18 1987-04-10 Rudolf Himmelsbach Einrichtung zur beeinflussung von biofrequenzen
AT407486B (de) * 1999-04-29 2001-03-26 Leonhard Lang Kg Medizinische elektrode
DE102017003321B4 (de) 2017-04-05 2019-06-19 miha bodytec GmbH EMS-Kleidungsstück

Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR371553A (fr) * 1906-11-16 1907-03-11 Charles Chardin électrode pour applications médicales des courants
DE394385C (de) * 1923-01-07 1924-04-17 Hans Lewin Dr Elektrode fuer Diathermiebehandlung
US1662446A (en) * 1924-01-14 1928-03-13 Wappler Electric Company Inc Metal-foil electrode
US1853814A (en) * 1931-03-04 1932-04-12 John A Huth Diathermy electrode
US1889272A (en) * 1931-09-29 1932-11-29 Gustav A Zerne Diathermic electrode and applicator
US1975518A (en) * 1932-08-27 1934-10-02 Edgar J Rose Electrode means for therapeutic purposes
US1989282A (en) * 1933-08-19 1935-01-29 Gen Electric X Ray Corp Electrode
US2628998A (en) * 1945-11-08 1953-02-17 Gilbert Co A C Splittable cable with visible conductors
US2843829A (en) * 1952-12-30 1958-07-15 Du Mont Allen B Lab Inc Electrical inductance
US2985172A (en) * 1959-08-31 1961-05-23 William C Jones Tissue contact electrode
US3229030A (en) * 1957-02-09 1966-01-11 Baermann Max Wire with magnetic insulation
US3543760A (en) * 1968-03-11 1970-12-01 Medical Plastic Inc Disposable ground plate electrode
US3547105A (en) * 1968-08-29 1970-12-15 T O Paine Flexible conductive disc electrode
US3572322A (en) * 1968-10-11 1971-03-23 Hoffmann La Roche Transducer assembly

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT130850B (de) * 1932-01-29 1932-12-10 Jacques Herbert Spitz Elektrode für therapeutische Zwecke.
FR1261293A (fr) * 1960-04-04 1961-05-19 App Marchal Soc D Expl Const D Procédé de fabrication de câbles électriques plats, notamment de câbles antiparasites, et câbles ainsi obtenus
DE1465727A1 (de) * 1964-05-29 1969-11-20 Alfred Jordan Stegleitung fuer einen elektrischen Dachstaender-Hausanschluss
FR1524246A (fr) * 1967-03-28 1968-05-10 Thomson Medical Perfectionnements aux dispositifs de prise de contact électrique

Patent Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR371553A (fr) * 1906-11-16 1907-03-11 Charles Chardin électrode pour applications médicales des courants
DE394385C (de) * 1923-01-07 1924-04-17 Hans Lewin Dr Elektrode fuer Diathermiebehandlung
US1662446A (en) * 1924-01-14 1928-03-13 Wappler Electric Company Inc Metal-foil electrode
US1853814A (en) * 1931-03-04 1932-04-12 John A Huth Diathermy electrode
US1889272A (en) * 1931-09-29 1932-11-29 Gustav A Zerne Diathermic electrode and applicator
US1975518A (en) * 1932-08-27 1934-10-02 Edgar J Rose Electrode means for therapeutic purposes
US1989282A (en) * 1933-08-19 1935-01-29 Gen Electric X Ray Corp Electrode
US2628998A (en) * 1945-11-08 1953-02-17 Gilbert Co A C Splittable cable with visible conductors
US2843829A (en) * 1952-12-30 1958-07-15 Du Mont Allen B Lab Inc Electrical inductance
US3229030A (en) * 1957-02-09 1966-01-11 Baermann Max Wire with magnetic insulation
US2985172A (en) * 1959-08-31 1961-05-23 William C Jones Tissue contact electrode
US3543760A (en) * 1968-03-11 1970-12-01 Medical Plastic Inc Disposable ground plate electrode
US3547105A (en) * 1968-08-29 1970-12-15 T O Paine Flexible conductive disc electrode
US3572322A (en) * 1968-10-11 1971-03-23 Hoffmann La Roche Transducer assembly

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Med. & Biol. Engineering, Vol. 7, pp. 341 343, Dec. 28, 1968. *

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3812861A (en) * 1972-11-15 1974-05-28 R Peters Disposable electrode
US4197851A (en) * 1977-04-14 1980-04-15 Fellus Victor M Apparatus for emitting high-frequency electromagnetic waves
US4305115A (en) * 1979-03-14 1981-12-08 Harry H. Leveen Electrostatic shield
US4353372A (en) * 1980-02-11 1982-10-12 Bunker Ramo Corporation Medical cable set and electrode therefor
US4419091A (en) * 1981-02-12 1983-12-06 Sybron Corporation Metalized medical treatment electrode with insulated edge
US4887614A (en) * 1983-09-05 1989-12-19 Kureha Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Medical electrode device
US4793356A (en) * 1985-08-14 1988-12-27 Picker International, Inc. Surface coil system for magnetic resonance imaging
US5063932A (en) * 1989-10-03 1991-11-12 Mieczyslaw Mirowski Controlled discharge defibrillation electrode
US5111812A (en) * 1990-01-23 1992-05-12 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Defilbrillation electrode having smooth current distribution
US5191901A (en) * 1991-08-29 1993-03-09 Mieczyslaw Mirowski Controlled discharge defibrillation electrode
US5348007A (en) * 1993-03-24 1994-09-20 Conmed Corporation Biomedical electrode
WO1994021172A1 (en) * 1993-03-24 1994-09-29 Conmed Corporation Biomedical electrode
US20060183989A1 (en) * 2004-08-17 2006-08-17 Healy James W Biomedical electrodes and biomedical electrodes for electrostimulation
US7515950B2 (en) * 2004-08-17 2009-04-07 Healy James W Biomedical electrodes and biomedical electrodes for electrostimulation
US20090267859A1 (en) * 2008-04-29 2009-10-29 Ls Mtron, Ltd. End-fed planar type spiral antenna
US10835736B2 (en) 2014-09-05 2020-11-17 miha bodytec GmbH EMS exercise device, EMS electrode, EMS garment, EMS stimulus generating unit, EMS signal cable, and EMS undergarment for an EMS exercise device, and method for operating the EMS exercise device
US10300271B2 (en) 2014-12-16 2019-05-28 miha bodytec GmbH EMS training device, and method for protecting an EMS training device
US10814123B2 (en) 2014-12-18 2020-10-27 miha bodytec GmbH EMS stimulation current transmission element and EMS garment equipped with the EMS stimulation current transmission element

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE366215B (nl) 1974-04-22
DK135215C (nl) 1977-09-05
DE2018239C2 (de) 1983-07-14
GB1264673A (nl) 1972-02-23
FR2046479A5 (nl) 1971-03-05
DE2018239A1 (de) 1970-11-19
NL7005453A (nl) 1970-10-27
NL170495C (nl) 1982-11-16
DK135215B (da) 1977-03-21
NL170495B (nl) 1982-06-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3662757A (en) Diathermy plate electrode
US3812861A (en) Disposable electrode
CA1140217A (en) Capacitively coupled indifferent electrode
US4669468A (en) Capacitively coupled indifferent electrode
CA2265849C (en) Capacitive reusable electrosurgical return electrode
US4635641A (en) Multi-element electrode
US3645265A (en) Intrauterine cauterizing device
EP0040658A2 (en) Patient plate for diathermy apparatus, and diathermy apparatus fitted with it
US4166465A (en) Electrosurgical dispersive electrode
US4651734A (en) Electrosurgical device for both mechanical cutting and coagulation of bleeding
US4422461A (en) Electrode
US4669480A (en) Temperature indicating electrotherapy electrode/coil and method of use
Battig Electrosurgical burn injuries and their prevention
FR2275226A1 (fr) Catheter comportant une boucle pouvant etre mise sous tension electrique
SE7701249L (sv) Engangselektrod
US3832993A (en) Blood detecting device
JP2008168146A (ja) 創傷治癒を促進するための装置
ES2017614B3 (es) Sonda para el tratamiento por corriente electrica del tubo digestivo
KR101472114B1 (ko) 절연된 플렉시블 패치형 전극을 이용한 다관절 고주파 치료장치
JP2020510276A (ja) 誘電体バリア放電式プラズマ放電用の可撓性平面電極ユニット
US4649923A (en) Temperature indicating electrotherapy electrode
US3650264A (en) Apparatus for electro-medical investigation
GB2052269A (en) Patient plate for electrosurgical unit
US20210038154A1 (en) Attachment pad
JPH03280946A (ja) 電気メス用対極板

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: SMITHS INDUSTRIES PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY, 765 FINC

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:MATBURN (HOLDINGS) LIMITED;REEL/FRAME:004689/0708

Effective date: 19861027