US3662474A - Dryers and method of operation - Google Patents

Dryers and method of operation Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3662474A
US3662474A US66339A US3662474DA US3662474A US 3662474 A US3662474 A US 3662474A US 66339 A US66339 A US 66339A US 3662474D A US3662474D A US 3662474DA US 3662474 A US3662474 A US 3662474A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
housing
bodies
gas stream
mesh screen
reticulate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US66339A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
John Alan Huthwaite
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Calmic Engineering Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Calmic Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Calmic Engineering Co Ltd filed Critical Calmic Engineering Co Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3662474A publication Critical patent/US3662474A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
    • F26B3/06—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried
    • F26B3/08—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed
    • F26B3/088—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed using inert thermally-stabilised particles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/18—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by conduction, i.e. the heat is conveyed from the heat source, e.g. gas flame, to the materials or objects to be dried by direct contact
    • F26B3/20—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by conduction, i.e. the heat is conveyed from the heat source, e.g. gas flame, to the materials or objects to be dried by direct contact the heat source being a heated surface, e.g. a moving belt or conveyor
    • F26B3/205—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by conduction, i.e. the heat is conveyed from the heat source, e.g. gas flame, to the materials or objects to be dried by direct contact the heat source being a heated surface, e.g. a moving belt or conveyor the materials to be dried covering or being mixed with heated inert particles which may be recycled
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S159/00—Concentrating evaporators
    • Y10S159/03—Fluidized bed

Definitions

  • the invention concerns driers and relates more particularly to an apparatus and method for reducing the liquid content of a flowable material such as a paste or slurry.
  • a method of reducing the liquid content of a flowable material such as a paste or slurry, in which the material is caused to impinge upon and adhere to discrete bodies which are held in suspension in an upward stream of a gas which serves to efi'ect reduction of liquid content of material adhering to said bodies.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional side elevation of a drying apparatus constructed in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view ofa detail ofFIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 shows a cup-shaped body which may be used in the apparatus
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional side elevation of a drying apparatus constructed in accordance with a second embodiment of the invention.
  • a drying chamber is secured within an outer casing 12.
  • the lower end of the drying chamber 10 takes the form of an inverted frustrum of a cone and is closed by a mesh screen 14.
  • An air inlet 16 is formed at the base of the outer casing 12 and an air outlet 18 which registers with an opening 20 at the upper end of the drying chamber 10 is formed at the top of the outer casing 12.
  • a feed assembly generally designated 20 is supported within the drying chamber 10 and comprises a vertical feed pipe 22, a number of circularly spaced outlets 24 and an inlet pipe 26.
  • a reticulate member 28 Arranged above the pipe 22 is a reticulate member 28 which is shown in elevation in FIG. 1 and in top plan in FIG. 2.
  • the reticulate member 28 comprises two coaxial annular portions 30, 32 and spokes 34.
  • a number of light bodies 36 such as hollow balls of plastics material is loosely contained within the chamber 10.
  • the bodies contained within the chamber 10 may take the form illustrated in FIG. 3 which shows a cup-shaped body 38 which is closed at one end 40 and open at its other end 42.
  • FIG. 3 shows a cup-shaped body 38 which is closed at one end 40 and open at its other end 42.
  • the use of other light bodies is possible and is included within the scope of the invention.
  • bodies of several different configurations may be used in combination.
  • a prior heated, dry air stream is passed through the inlet 16 and upwardly into the drying chamber 10, so that the bodies 36 therein become suspended or fluidized.
  • the inverted frustroconical configuration of the lower end of the drying chamber 10 causes the air to rise initially in the center of the chamber 10 and to diffuse gradually over the width of the chamber 10, the motion of the bodies 36 being constrained by the mesh screen 14 and reticulate member 28.
  • the apertures between the annular portions 30, 32 and spokes 34 of the reticulate member 28 are sufficiently large to permit the bodies 36 to pass through and then fall back thus preventing an undesirable accumulation of bodies such as would occur if the reticulate member 28 were constructed as a mesh such as 14.
  • one or more additional reticulate members such as 28 may be provided. While the bodies 36 are in motion, paste, slurry, or like material is passed into the chamber 10 from the outlets 24 of the feed assembly 20. The material impinges on the bodies 36, adheres thereto and is thereby exposed with a large surface area relative to its thickness, to the heated, dry air stream and is dried. The dried material becomes detached from the bodies 36 and is carried by the air stream through the outlet 18 to be separated from the air stream in a conventional manner. The detachment of the dried paste from the bodies 36 is facilitated by the collisions of the bodies 36 with one another during their motion.
  • FIG. 4 shows a drying apparatus having a frustoconical housing 1 secured onto a receiving container 2.
  • the housing 1 is open at its upper and lower ends, the upper open end being covered by a mesh screen 3 and the lower open end being covered by a second mesh screen 4.
  • a mesh screen 3 In the center of the second mesh screen 4 is situated an upright cone 5, which is provided with a small cap 6.
  • a number of plastics balls 14 are loosely contained within the housing 1 between the two mesh screens 3 and 4.
  • a paste injector 7 is secured in the side wall of the housing 1.
  • the injector 7 has a nozzle 8 positioned inside the housing 1 and a hopper 9 positioned outside the housing 1, and is provided with an internal piston 10.
  • An expansion chamber 1 l is positioned on the upper end of the housing 1 and is provided with a plastics mesh filter 12a.
  • the receiving container 2 is provided with a fine mesh screen 12b and communicates with an air supply conduit 13.
  • a prior heated, dry air stream is passed along the conduit 13, into the receiving container 2 and upwardly into the housing 1, so that the plastic balls 14 therein become suspended or fluidized.
  • the mesh screens 3 and 4 serve to constrain the motion of the balls 14.
  • the shape of the housing 1 and the provision of the cone 5 cause the motion of the balls 14 to be in the general direction indicated by the arrows a.
  • paste is injected into the housing 1 from the nozzle 8 of the injector 7 by displacement of the piston 10. The injected paste impinges on the balls 14 and adheres thereto. The paste is thereby exposed with a large surface area relative to its thickness, to the heated, dry air stream and is dried.
  • the dried paste becomes detached from the balls 14 and falls through the mesh screen 4 to be collected in the receiving container 2.
  • the detachment of the dried paste from the balls 14 is facilitated by the collisions of the balls 14 with one another during their motion.
  • the cap 6 serves to prevent material from accumulating on the cone 5.
  • the velocity of the air stream is reduced on passing through the expansion chamber 11 and the filter 12 removes any solid matter from the air stream before it leaves the apparatus, the expansion chamber 11 being of sufficient height to ensure that most of the material entrained in the air stream is able to fall back under the influence of gravity before reaching the filter 12a.
  • a tray or trolley may be positioned beneath the fine mesh screen 12b and be sealed to the apparatus, for example, manually or pneumatically.
  • liquids other than water for example acetone and alcohols which may be vaporized at temperatures in the order of substantially 70 to 150 C., be reduced in flowable materials by an apparatus and method according to the invention.
  • a method of reducing the liquid content of a flowable material such as a paste or slurry, in which the material is caused to impinge upon and adhere to discrete bodies held in suspension in an upward stream of a gas which serves to effect reduction of the liquid content of material adhering to said bodies and thereby form on the bodies a layer of dried material which is removed from said bodies by collision between said bodies, said bodies being formed of a material difierent from said dried material.
  • An apparatus for reducing the liquid content of a flowable material such as a paste or slurry, comprising a housing having reticulate top and bottom walls, a plurality of discrete bodies contained within said housing, means to pass a gas stream upwardly through said housing at a flow rate sufficient to cause said bodies to be entrained in and suspended by said gas stream, and means to introduce said flowable material into said housing and cause said flowable material to adhere to said discrete bodies, whereby said gas stream serves to effect reduction of the liquid content of material adhering to said bodies and thereby form on the bodies a layer of dried material which is dislodged from said bodies by mechanical agitation, the bodies being formed of a material different from said dried material.
  • a flowable material such as a paste or slurry
  • An apparatus wherein said means to pass a gas stream through said housing includes a relatively fine mesh screen located upstream of said housing.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
US66339A 1969-08-27 1970-08-24 Dryers and method of operation Expired - Lifetime US3662474A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB4266269 1969-08-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3662474A true US3662474A (en) 1972-05-16

Family

ID=10425432

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US66339A Expired - Lifetime US3662474A (en) 1969-08-27 1970-08-24 Dryers and method of operation

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3662474A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5037902B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH515472A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2042214C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2059207A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1337720A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IE (1) IE34486B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3849900A (en) * 1973-07-02 1974-11-26 Universal Foods Corp Fluid bed air distribution apparatus and drying method
US3859734A (en) * 1973-01-18 1975-01-14 Sintab Swedinventor Ab Methods and plants for drying material in liquid solid, suspended or granulated form, e.g. blood-plasma, digested sludge, forage, fish, cereals, etc.
US3866332A (en) * 1972-06-06 1975-02-18 Crompton & Knowles Corp Fluidized bed dryer
JPS5096967A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1973-12-22 1975-08-01
US3898745A (en) * 1972-09-01 1975-08-12 Eric Harald Carlsson Drying apparatus for concentrating solutions
US4489506A (en) * 1982-09-30 1984-12-25 Wolverine Corporation Material treatment
US6056981A (en) * 1994-02-28 2000-05-02 Biozyme Systems Inc. Euphausiid harvesting and processing method and apparatus
US6112699A (en) * 1994-02-28 2000-09-05 Biozyme Systems, Inc. Euphausiid harvesting and processing method and apparatus
US6125549A (en) * 1999-02-12 2000-10-03 Hosokawa Bepex Corporation Radiant heater system for thermally processing flowable materials
US6555155B2 (en) 1996-10-21 2003-04-29 Biozyme Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for harvesting, digestion and dehydrating of krill hydrolysates and co-drying and processing of such hydrolysates
WO2003103825A1 (en) * 2002-06-05 2003-12-18 Particle Treatment Technologies Ltd. Fluidized bed process and apparatus
US6711831B1 (en) * 1999-06-08 2004-03-30 Niro A/S Process and an apparatus for spray drying
US20050091873A1 (en) * 2002-06-05 2005-05-05 Particle Treatment Technologies Ltd. Fluidized bed process having a hydro dynamically active layer and a method for use thereof

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2574917B1 (fr) * 1984-12-19 1987-01-02 Boiron Lab Sa Installation de sechage, notamment pour les objets granuleux en vrac
DE19510212A1 (de) * 1995-03-21 1996-09-26 Graf Epe Gmbh Gaseinlaß zum Zuführen von Gas in einen Behälter

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2193570A (en) * 1939-07-22 1940-03-12 Westvaco Chlorine Products Cor Method of drying fluids
US2561394A (en) * 1946-03-16 1951-07-24 Donald E Marshall Method of coating particulate materials
US3110626A (en) * 1961-08-17 1963-11-12 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Apparatus for coating discrete solid material
US3112220A (en) * 1960-02-26 1963-11-26 Abbott Lab Method and apparatus for coating particles

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4326158Y1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1967-10-17 1968-10-31

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2193570A (en) * 1939-07-22 1940-03-12 Westvaco Chlorine Products Cor Method of drying fluids
US2561394A (en) * 1946-03-16 1951-07-24 Donald E Marshall Method of coating particulate materials
US3112220A (en) * 1960-02-26 1963-11-26 Abbott Lab Method and apparatus for coating particles
US3110626A (en) * 1961-08-17 1963-11-12 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Apparatus for coating discrete solid material

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3866332A (en) * 1972-06-06 1975-02-18 Crompton & Knowles Corp Fluidized bed dryer
US3898745A (en) * 1972-09-01 1975-08-12 Eric Harald Carlsson Drying apparatus for concentrating solutions
US3859734A (en) * 1973-01-18 1975-01-14 Sintab Swedinventor Ab Methods and plants for drying material in liquid solid, suspended or granulated form, e.g. blood-plasma, digested sludge, forage, fish, cereals, etc.
US3849900A (en) * 1973-07-02 1974-11-26 Universal Foods Corp Fluid bed air distribution apparatus and drying method
JPS5096967A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1973-12-22 1975-08-01
US4489506A (en) * 1982-09-30 1984-12-25 Wolverine Corporation Material treatment
US6056981A (en) * 1994-02-28 2000-05-02 Biozyme Systems Inc. Euphausiid harvesting and processing method and apparatus
US6112699A (en) * 1994-02-28 2000-09-05 Biozyme Systems, Inc. Euphausiid harvesting and processing method and apparatus
US6555155B2 (en) 1996-10-21 2003-04-29 Biozyme Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for harvesting, digestion and dehydrating of krill hydrolysates and co-drying and processing of such hydrolysates
US6125549A (en) * 1999-02-12 2000-10-03 Hosokawa Bepex Corporation Radiant heater system for thermally processing flowable materials
US6711831B1 (en) * 1999-06-08 2004-03-30 Niro A/S Process and an apparatus for spray drying
WO2003103825A1 (en) * 2002-06-05 2003-12-18 Particle Treatment Technologies Ltd. Fluidized bed process and apparatus
US20050091873A1 (en) * 2002-06-05 2005-05-05 Particle Treatment Technologies Ltd. Fluidized bed process having a hydro dynamically active layer and a method for use thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IE34486L (en) 1971-02-27
DE2042214C3 (de) 1980-11-06
GB1337720A (en) 1973-11-21
JPS5037902B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-12-05
CH515472A (de) 1971-11-15
DE2042214A1 (de) 1971-04-08
IE34486B1 (en) 1975-05-28
FR2059207A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-05-28
DE2042214B2 (de) 1980-02-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3662474A (en) Dryers and method of operation
US3196827A (en) Apparatus for the encapsulation of discrete particles
SU751336A3 (ru) Распылительна сушилка
US2561392A (en) Process and apparatus for treating solutions to recover and coat solid particles
US4532155A (en) Apparatus and process for coating, granulating and/or drying particles
US3241520A (en) Particle coating apparatus
US3237596A (en) Apparatus for coating discrete solids
US3253944A (en) Particle coating process
EP0423701B2 (en) Granulating and coating method and apparatus therefor
JPS59501780A (ja) 流動床装置
US3842888A (en) Apparatus for introducing ingredients into a spray drying tower
CA2130324A1 (en) Method and means for uniformly coating particulate material
JPH0463729B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
RU2002100066A (ru) Способ сушки с распылением жидкости и устройство для его осуществления
US3795058A (en) Grid for fluidized bed apparatus
US3411480A (en) Device for coating fine solids
US4445282A (en) Cooler for granular products
US3394468A (en) Container for the reception of a pulverulent or granular feed for treatment in a hot air dryer
JPH0349612B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
US4967688A (en) Powder processing apparatus
US4649855A (en) Apparatus for coating dragees
KR910004777B1 (ko) 분사식 건조기 및 그 작동방법
US4050406A (en) Coating machine for confectionery, pharmaceuticals and similar products
US3106492A (en) Apparatus for coating discrete solids
US3011769A (en) Gas washer and liquid injector type sludge remover