US366211A - fosbeey - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Shet 1.

G. V. FOSBERY.

MAGAZINE GUN.-

g No. 366,211. Patented July 12, 1887.

( N'o Model.) 4' Sheets-Sheet G. V. POSBERY.

MAGAZINE GUN. No. 366,211... Patented July 12, 1881..

4 Sheets-.31 3.

(No Model.)

G. V. POSBERY.

MAGAZINE GUN. N0. 366,211. Patented July 12, 1887.

H r w 2 r; ll l 3 MW kf 17 yd ow I (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

G. V. POSBERY.

MAGAZINE GUN. No. 366,211 Patented July 12, 1887.

Z" 5 B E v/// y///// UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

GEORGE v. FOSBERY, or WESTON-SUPER-MARE, COUNTY- on SOMERSET,

ENGLAND.

. MAGAZINE-GUN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 366,211, dated Julylz, 1887. App ication tiled August 25, 1886. Serial No 2ll,l8'l. (Rio model.) Patented in England July 20, 18 85, No. 8,746.

To all whom. it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE VINCENT Fos- BERY, of Weston-super-Mare, in the county of Somerset, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Magazine Guns, (certain features of the same having been patented by me in Great Britain under date of July 20, 1885, and No. 8,746,) of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, whereby any one skilled in the art can make and use the same.

My invention relates to the class of smallarms in connection with which a magazine is used that is adapted to hold, for supply to the barrel, a plural number" of cartridges.

The object of my invention is to provide a magazine-gun of the type in which the cartridges are held in the magazine so that they are fed to the gun in a direction across the plane of the axis of the gun, as distinguished from the type in which a tubular magazine is used.

My invention consists, broadly, in a gun having a feed-case adapted to carry a plural number of cartridges,and preferably built into the gun, incombination with the positive-feed mechanism for lifting each cartridge in sueccssion into position to be thrust directly into the gun-barrel, and in the locking device by means of which the cartridge is held at its highest position until its rear end as it is fed into the barrel has passed the forward end of the supporting-lever.

It further consists in these feed-levers, that are operated by the movement of the breechblock, to which one of thm is linked, in the guard that operates in combination with the feed-levers for the purpose of withdrawing the cartridges in case the upward motion of the feed-levers should be reversed before the cartridge reaches the proper position for loadinginto the gun, and in the sectional firing-pin having one part borne in the breech-block, so that it is carried out of line with the other section until the gun is loaded.

It further consists in the extractor mechanism made up of a starter and an ejector that are operated by parts not directly connected, and in a measure independent of each other.

It further consists in the slide that reciprocates in the line of the axis of the gun, in combination with a breech block that is moved across said axis" in opening and closing the breech of the gun.

It further consists in the slide having a nonconducting handle supported on ways that are practically independent of the stock in which they are socketed. so as to prevent the shrinking or swelling of the material of the stock from affecting the distance between their parallel bearing edges or faces.

It further consists in the slide bearing a cam that operates the breech-block through the i nterveution of the breech-block lever.

It also consists in the combination of such slide with the extractor mechanism; and it also consists in details of the several parts making up the feeding, retracting, loading, cocking, firing, and extracting mechanism, and in the safety devices and their combination, as more particularly hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a top view of part of the gun, from the lower band to the small of the stock, embodying my invention, with parts cut away to show the construction. Fig. 2 is a view in elevation of the right-hand side of the gun. Fig. 3 is a detail view in cross-section of the gun through the slide and ways on plane denoted by the line XX of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a detail view, on enlarged scale. of the receiver and its contained mechanism, showing the breech-block closing the breech. Fig. 5 is a detail view of the receiver and the mechanism with the breech open and the block at the lower limit of its play. Fig. 6 is a detail top view of the guard. Fig. 7 is a detail view in cross-section through the upper part of the receiver and a cartridge, looking toward the stock of the gun and showing the position of the upper end of the retractor at the upper limit of its play. Fig. 8 is a detail top view illustrating the device for allowing the flange of the cartridge to slip past the receiver. Fig. 9 is a detail view in central longitudinal section through the re ceiver and the operating mechanism of the gun. Fig. 10 is a detail perspective view of the breechrblock and the breech-block lever. Fig. 11 is a detail view in cross-section through amasezir' the magazine and receiver of the gun,showing' the cartridge-feeding levers at the lowest limit of their play. Fig. 12 is a'det-ail view in cross-section through the magazine andre to left side of the gun,showing the magazine and Fig. 15'is a detail view of the inner hopper. face of the magazine,shown removed from the gun. Fig.16 is a detail diagram view show-, ing the opening in the wall of the receiver to 5 admita cartridge. Fig. 17 is a view of the same part,showing the cartridge-feeding levers acting as a guide to prevent the introduction of a cartridge. Fig. 18 is a detail diagram view in side elevation of part of the switch, 20 showing the cam used in throwing the empty shell clear of the gun. Fig. 19 is a detaildiagram view illustrating the operation of the e ector, showing the switch, and cam on it,

and the projection onthe slide.

In the'accompanyin'g drawings, the letter A denotes the stock of the gun; a, the foreend-;-' B, the receiver or shoe, the chamber be ing extended by a box-like narrow extension directly beneathv the axis of the gun; .0, the

0 barrel of the gun, that is secured to the receiver in the usual manner at the breech end, and to the fore-end of the stock by means of a band, a, and D the magazine as a whole. On the right side of the gun the receiver is 5 cut away to form a narrow longitudinal channel, in which the slide E, that extends in a channel along the side of the fore-end, is movable back and forth longitudinally in the line of the barrel of the gun. To the outer end of 40 this slide is secured a handle, e, that is either made of or covered with a material that is a non-conductor of heat, and this handle has grooves e, into which project the ways a on which the handle is'supported in its' sliding 5 movement. These ways are placed in sockets e along the side of the fore-end; and are supported at their opposite ends on metallic posts or standards e, that extend completely through the fore-end and hold the ways ofit of contact 0 with the substance of the fore-end; This construction prevents the alternate swelling and shrinking of the wooden fore-end from at all afiecting the parallelism of the outer edges of the ways. The part of the handle that is in 5 contact with these ways is preferably part of a. metallic frame on which the handle is formed. The slide is provided with a spring-latch, e, that has a hooked end, e, that at the forward 7 limit of the play of the handle engages a hook, e, fast to the fore-end, and thus locks the handleagainst a return-slide until the latch is released, as by the pressure of thefingers upon its outer face. On'the slide E are formed the cams ff, with the straight portion or dwell f between them. The breech-block lever G is pivoted to the front end of the receiver in such position that a pin, 9, projects into the path .10.) This breech-blockhas of these cams that are that the latter in-its reciprocating movements causes this lever to rock back and forth on its pivotg'. -Au inner arm, of this lever lies within the receiver and projects into asocket, h, in the breech-block H. (See Figs. 9 and a vertical face, h, that, in the raised position of thebreech-block, is'pressed forcibly against the head end of a cartridge 'when the gun is loaded while the rear borne on the slide, so

side, h, of the block is sloped backward at an angle from the face and ways formed in the "opposite walls of the receiver, so that as soon as the breech-block begins its downward movement its front face, h, moves backward from thebreech-chamber and out of contact with the head of the-cartridge.

This backward movement is contemporaneous with thedownwa'rd movement of the block, and this construction adds to the ease of movement ofthe block. These ways are shown in top view in Fig. 1, and wall of the right side of the recciver'is shown in elevation, in the detail view in Fig. 5, and a comparison of the positions of the view in Fig. 4, that shows the breech-block in its elevated position, with the view in Fig. 5, where the breech-block is shown at the lower limit of its play, .will give a clear tion and office of these sloping ways. The breech-block supports one section, 1', of the sectional firing-pin, this section i being pivoted to the breech-block, as shown in Fig. 9, with the part on the inner lies against sloping idea of the locaa striker, 0", that pro ects through an opening inthe block, which, when the latter isin its raised position, is'directly opposite the primer of the cartridge.

Q guides on the'under side of the switch J, with its rear end inpositionto be struck by the hammer K, to discharge acartridge only when the breech-block completely closes the breech and backs up the cartridge. This switch J lies along theupper sideof the receiver and partiallycloses the chamber therein, being pivoted at its rear end and having sufficient vertical play of itsl front The other'section, i of the firing-pin is supported in end to allow it to lie alternately above and below the opening in the breech-chambr as the breech-block is raised and lowered. "The front end of the switch rests upon the top of the breech-block, and follows the latter in its upand-down movement, for'aplurpose that will hereinafter be explained-iffTh switch-spring j is secured within therec'eiver against the rear wall of the chamber and presses with its free end against a tail on the switch, so as to tend to depress the front end of the latter, and this spring also serves to hold at the backward limit of its play the section i of'the firing-pin. (See Fig. 9;) The hammer K is pixzoted to the back part of the receiveror shoe, soas to be wholly inclosed within the shoe and stock, except as to its lower end, k, that projects within the trigger-guard, where it serves as one means of cooking the gun. The strap k connects the hammer with the mainspring is, while the yoke k limits the upward pull of the spring' 7 strikes against the section 2" of the firing-pin upon the hammer, so that the latter is heldin its normal position with its striking-face loosely against the rear end of the firing-pin, thus forming the rebounding feature. Y

The arm of the breech-block lever has several important functions. When the breechblock is in its upper position, the free end of the arm lies in the socket h in the breech-block against the upper wall, h, of such socket-,so that this lever-arm forms a brace that effectually locks it and prevents any downward movement of the breech-block until the end of the arm is removed from'contact with this wall h (See Figs. 9 and 10.) The free end of this lever-arm g as it swings downward and withdraws the striker,'while the under side of the lever-arm comes in contact with the under wall, h, of the socket with a graduallydecreasing leverage, the movement of the arm 9" causing the breech-block to be moved with great force at the beginning of its movement, and afterward with less force, but greater rapidity. Therearend of thislever-arm is shaped to form a cam, g", that,by contact with the arm Z of the starter Z,swings the latter on the pin Z.

, The upper end of this starter is notched, and

lies in close contact with the front edge of the flange of the cartridge when the gun is loaded. This forms a novel and very powerful means of beginning the extraction ,of the cartridge, the further extraction being accomplished by means of the extractor Z, that is borne on the v .slide E. This extractor-finger P is so pivoted to the slide as to swing toward and from the receiver-chamber. It is pivoted to the slide at such a point that it will be in contact with the side wall of the receiver and have its hooked end Z thrown in in time to catch the rim of a cartridge between the hook I and the tilting finger Z and as the backward movement of the slide is continued a cartridge is slid along on the upper surface of the switch J until an abutment, j, on theswitch is encountered, and against this abutment the head of the cartridge strikes forcibly at the instant when the end of the extractor-finger, by contact with the cam j on the under side of the switch near its rear end, (see Fig. 18,) causes a quick upward flip to be given to the free end of the switch. The result of these two forcesthe upward flip given by the switch and the rebounding of the shell from the abutmentcauses the shell to be thrown violently upward and forward on an angle of about thirty degrees. This forward throwing of the cartridge-shell is a novelty, and is peculiarly my improvement. Of course it is understood that the rotation of this arm 9 of the lever is 'produced by the backward movement of the slide, while its forward movement raises the breechblock again and closes the breech. The function of the cam f is to swing back the lever G a sufficient distance to partially lower the breech-block, leaving its upper end, however, at a suflicient height to check the shell in case i the starter throws it violently out, and this insures agrasping of the flange by the extractor-finger, that then completes the removal of the cartridge in the manner already described,-

' Cartridge-feeding mechanism.-After a cartridge has entered the receiver, it is lifted into position for loading into the gun by means of the cartridge'feeding levers m n, that are pivoted within the receiver and lie along its bottom part. .QSee, Figs. 4, 5, and 9.) The breechbl'ock is connected by the link m to the short arm m, of the lever by a pin, m, that passes through the slotm in the link. This leverm is bent so that the longer arm lies below the planeof the shorter arm, and this longer arm is forked and. also has a flange that forms a stop, m, on the side of the lever opposite to the opening through which the cartridge is fed into thefreceiver. The function of this stop is to narrow up the lever at this part, so that a cartridge with a bullet smaller in diameter than the body of the cartridge may be fed into the receiver without the possibility of two cartridges effecting a lodgment on the lever at the same time. A lever, n, is pivoted at one end to the rear wall of the receiver and extends toward the lever m, and lies between the forked arms, resting on the pin a, and having on its under side at a point beyond this pin a notch, nflin a portion of the lever that curves downward below the pin. The efi'ect of this construction and arrangement of the parts is that when the breech-block is moved downward the lever m is rocked upon its pivot and the longer arm is lifted, carrying with it'the lever n for a distance depending upon the degree of movement of the breechblock. When a cartridge is fed from the magazine into the receiver, it rolls upon the upper sides of these levers m n and lies in about the pos'ition'indicated by the dotted outline in Fig. 4. The function of the'slot m is simply to shorten the motion of the short arm of the lever, while maintaining a certain leverage. The cartridge is held about midway of the receiver while the slide is completing its backward mot-ion, until the cam f comes into play to further depress the breech-block, and by these means lift the cartridge to the position shown in Fig. 5.. At this moment the notch in the lever it engages the pin in the lever m, and this looks the levers'in their raised position. By the forward movement of the slide E the extractor finger l is moved forward until it engages the flange of the cartridge, which it pulls forward (see Fig. 13) and carries into the chamber of the gun to a position corresponding to that occupied by the shell when the eirtractor-finger engages it-that is, with its flanged end just in front of the plane of the front wall of the breech-block in its lowest position. The loading is concluded by the forward movement of the breech block, that crowds the cartridge firmly into the chamber. To the side of the lever m is attached a guard, 0, (see Fig; 6)--that is, a-thin blade of metal with a curved end, o--so attached to the lever 1 first, and into this recess,

7 head to slippast ,tridge in proper position as it that its end will overlie thet'op of the cartridge when the latter is being lifted in the receiver-chamber. In order that the flange of the cartridge shall not strike against the edge of this guard in loading the gun, the wall of the receiver opposite the guard is cut away and forms a recess, 0, that permits the flanged the guard 0. (See Figs. 7 and 8.) This guard 0 is preferably attached to the short arm or of the lever m, and projects forward substantially in line with this short arm, leaving a space between the front end of the guard and the longer arm of thelever that is greater in width than the thickness of the cartridge, so that this guard does not interfere with the feeding of the cartridge into the receiver and upon the levers. This peculiar relation of the guard and lever is shown in Figs. 4' and 5, where the guard is shown in dotted outline, and when the cartridge is lifted by the upward motion of the feeding-levers m and n the end 0' of this guard overlies the upper edge of the cartridge and prevents it from being thrown upward against the bottom of the switch, and otherwise steadies it in its position upon the lever ends. If at any time before the cartridge is pushed forward into the gun it is necessary to return the feedinglevers to their lower position without loading the gun, this guard pulls down the cartridge as the lever ends descend. The magazine D is secured to the left side of the receiver-chamber with its bottom opposite the opening din the wall of the receiver-chamber, through which cartridges pass sidewise from the magazine into the receiver. This magazine has preferably a telescoping extension, d that may be raised at will to increase the capacity of the magazine. In itscloscd position, however, the magazine will hold at least six cartridges, while one lies onthe levers within the receivers and another is in the breech-chamber of the gun. The bottom of the magazine has a peculiar recess, (1, presenting an angular sloping edge, at, and this re cess is located at the bottom of the bullet end or front of the magazine. When cartridges are fed into the magazine, there would be aliability, owing to the weight of the bullet, of the cartridges falling and lodging diagonally in the magazine; but when the bullet end falls (see Fig. 15,) it is retained there until it is over-balanced by the weight of the remainder of the cartridge back of the angular edge d of the magazine, and the result is that the cartridge will strike squarely on the bottom of it and roll into the receiver.

In order to further aid in holding the carpasses through the magazine and into the receiver, guards cl (see Figs. 13, 15, and 16) are provided, and the flange on the head of the cartridge lies and moves on the back edge of these guides. Within the receiver the guides 11, that consist of a narrow strip of metal secured along the inner walls of the receiver near the back wall,

and substantially parallel to it, are provided When the cartridgereceiving levers V levers are again in proper position to receive the cartridge on their upper side.

Attention is called and reference made tov my allowed application for a patent on firearms, filed April 12, 1886, Serial No. 198,535,

for a detailed description of a magazine having positive-feed levers that are operated by a breech-block of the bolt type; and certain features common to the present case and my said prior one are not described at length nor herein claimed, as they are covered in the said application.

In my improved gun, as within described, the hammer is located within the stock just back of the receiver; but I contemplate the use of a hammer consisting of asliding plunger located within the body of the stock, with a knobon the end projecting from the rear of the switch, togi vecontrolof the hammer, which, however, as in the present case, will be cocked by the slide in its backward movement.

I claim as my invention-- 1. In a magazine-gun, a magazine having an opening for the passage of a cartridge sidewise through its side wall near the bottom, and with a bottom havinga crosswise angular ridge, d, forward of the center of gravity of the cartridge and inclined toward said passagc,'al1 substantially as described.

2. In a breech-loading gun, the combination of aslide having a cam-groove, the breechoperating lever with a pin engaging in the groove, a breech-block-engaging arm, and a reciprocating breech-block having a leverreceiving socket with walls adapted to be engaged by the lever-arm to raise and depress the breech-block, all substantially as described.

3. In a breech-loading fire-arm, a receiver having inclined guideways for the breech block, a reciprocating breech-block having an inclined rearwall abutting against the inclined guideways in the receiver, the breechblock lever with one arm engaging the camsurfaces on the reciprocating slide and the otherarm engaging the breech-block, and the reciprocating slide bearing the lever-engaging cams, all substantially as described.

- 4. In a breech-loading firearm, in combination, the reciprocating breech-block actuated by one arm of the lever, the other arm of which is controlled by inclined surfaces carried by the longitudinally-moving bar or slide, a section of the firing-pin hinged to the block and swung backward by the arm of the lever, and the starter with a notched arm engaging the flange of the cartridge and the other arm engaging the cam on the breech-block lever, all substantially as described.

5. In a breech-loading fire-arm, in combina- 5 tion, a reciprocating brecch-block actuated by one arm of a lever, the other arm of which is controlled by inclined surfaces carried by the slide, the reciprocating slide bearing inclined surfaces, the switch hinged within the i receiver at its rear end, and with a spring-depressed front end that conforms to the vertical gnovements of the breech-block, all substantially as described.

6. In abreceh-loading firearm, in combination, a reciprocating breech-block bearing a section of the firing-pin, the vibrating switch pivoted within the receiver-chamber, and the eartridgefeed levers pivotally connected to the breech-block and to the receiver, all substantially as described.

7. In a magazine fire-arm, in combination 3 with the reciprocating breeclrblock actuated by one arm of a lever, the other arm of which is controlled by inclined surfaces on a reciprocating slide, a vibrating switch, and the seetional firing-pin with one section bornein the breech-block and the other on the switch, and the within-described cartridge-feed levers m n pivotally connected to the breech-block and receiver, respectively, all substantially as described.

8. In combination, in a magazine gun, the sliding breech-block, and the levers located within the receiverand pivotally connectedthe 3 one to the receiver and the other to the sliding breech-block, and having a locking device for retaining the levers at the upper limit of their play against the downward pressure on the free end of the leversupporting the cartridge,

all substantially as described.

9. In a magazine-gun, in combination with the receiver, the magazine lying along the side thereof, the cartridge-receiving opening through the divisionwall between these parts,

5 the reciprocating breech-block, the cartridgefeed levers pivotally connected to the breechblock and to the receiver, one of said levers having astop thatlimits the inward movement of the nose of the cartridge, all substantially as described.

10. In a magazine-gun, in combination with the lever-actuating mechanism, substantially as within described, the cartridge-feed levers pivoted within the receiver or a continuation thereof, crossing each other, and having engaging parts that form the locking device that holds the levers at the 'upper limit of their play until the return movement of the breechelosing device has begun, all substantially as 6:; described.

11. In abreech-loading gun,in combination, the reciprocating slide bearing an extractor.- finger and the vibrating switch having an abutment on its upper surface that limits the backward movement of the shell and on its under side a cam-surface lying in the path of the slide or a part borne by it, and the slide with its cam-engaging part, all substantially as described.

12. In a magazine-gun, in combination with the receiver thereof, the levers m and n and theirwithin-describedoperating mechanism, the said levers being pivotally connected, respectively, to the breech-block and to the receiver and hold'ing the cartridge upon their crossed edge, and a guard attached to one of said levers and extending along it, and having an end adapted to overlie the cartridge borne on said levers, all substantially as described. 13. In a magazinegun, in combination with the reciprocating breech-block H and the cartridge-feed lever m,pivotall y connected tosaid breech block and within the receiver of the gun, a guard, 0, attached to the lever at, overlying the lever at a distance above it that will permit a cartridge to roll into the receiver and upon the lever when the latter is 111 its lowermost position, and having a bent end, 0, that overlies a cartridge while thelatter is'resting upon the lever m, allsubstantially as described.

14. In a magazinegun, in combination with the feed-lever m and its operating mechanism, the guide 0, attached to said lever and lying between the side of a cartridge borne on said lever and the side wall of the receiving-chamber, and the recess 0, cut in the opposite wall of the receiver to give space for the flanged head of the cart-ridge to slip past the guard 0, all substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

15. In a breech-loading gun, in combination with the receiver having inclined guideways for the breech-block, the breech-block H,with a vertical front wall, h, and an inclined rear wall, h, abutting against the guideways 1n the receiver, said breech-block having also the socket h, with upper and lower walls, h and h, the breech-operating lever G, with pin 9, adapted to engage the inclined surfaces, borne on a reciprocating slide, said lever having the pivot g, and the lever-arm g, to engage the breech-block, all substantially as described. 16. In a breech-loading fire-arm, in combination with the reciprocating slide E, having cam-surfaces, the operating-lever G, with the arm g, having a cam-surface, y, lying against the longer arm of thestarter Z, with its engaged end lyingwithin the chamber of the gun and its longer end in contact with the cam-surface on the lever-arm, and the extractor-fingers Z,

borne on the reciprocating slide E, all substantially as described.

GEORGE V. FOSBERY.

Witnesses:

CHAS. L. BURDETI, ARTHUR B. JENKINS.

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