US3660544A - Process for producing sized ferroalloy particles - Google Patents

Process for producing sized ferroalloy particles Download PDF

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Publication number
US3660544A
US3660544A US28594A US3660544DA US3660544A US 3660544 A US3660544 A US 3660544A US 28594 A US28594 A US 28594A US 3660544D A US3660544D A US 3660544DA US 3660544 A US3660544 A US 3660544A
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United States
Prior art keywords
particles
molten
passage
spheroidal
sinuous
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Expired - Lifetime
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US28594A
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English (en)
Inventor
Claude Frank Young
Charles Martin Offenhauer
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Elkem Metals Co LP
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Union Carbide Corp
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Assigned to ELKEM METALS COMPANY, A NEW YORK GENERAL PARTNERSHIP reassignment ELKEM METALS COMPANY, A NEW YORK GENERAL PARTNERSHIP ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION, A NY CORP.
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/10—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying using centrifugal force

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process for producing substantially uniform ferroalloy sizes having a somewhat spheroidal configuration.
  • the process consists in subjecting a molten metal to a centrifugal force sufiicient to direct and disperse the molten metal into a radially defined zone wherein the dispersed metal particles contact and roll upon the surface within the zone so that the roll contact action, when added to the surface tension action of the metal, will be sufficient to draw each particle into a somewhat spheroidal to spherical shape.
  • the motlen to semi-molten ferroalloy particles are then discharged from the radial zone and quickly solidified into their adopted shapes.
  • the ferroalloy particles or shots, so produced are relatively uniform in size, however, the size can vary depending upon the degree of centrifugal force imparted to the molten metal and the contour of the radially defined zone.
  • One method for producing small sized ferroalloy charges is to cast them to the size desired. This method is expensive and still yields end alloys having fins which require another operation to remove. In addition, sizes between 8 Tyler mesh up to inch, and preferably A inch, are difiicult to cast on a large scale basis.
  • the disadvantage of present methods in producing an alloy size within a somewhat narrow range is in the large amount of off-size pieces that are co-produced.
  • the present invention provides a method wherein the off-size pieces are greatly minimized and the selected alloy sizes are somewhat spheroidal to spherical in configuration. In addition no expensive crushing, casting or forming operation is required.
  • the process of this invention comprises subjecting a stream of molten liquid within an insulated zone to a centrifugal force snfiicient to direct and disperse the molten stream into a radially defined sinuous type passage wherein the molten to semi-molten particles of the dispersed stream contact and roll upon at least one curvilinear surface of the passage.
  • the molten liquid can be any material that solidifies at room temperature such as molten metal.
  • the rolling contact action, together with the surface tension action of the molten to semimolten liquid, is sufiicient to influence the small particles into adopting a somewhat spheroidal to spherical configuration.
  • the molten to semi-molten particles should roll upon a rotating member having an inclined curvilinear surf-ace and then be tangentially projected to the opposite surface of the passage having a declining curvilinear surface so that maximum circumferential contact between the spheroidally forming particles and the surfaces of the sinuous type passage can be obtained.
  • the opposite surfaces of the passage may be counter-rotated with respect to each other thus subjecting the spheroidal to spherical particles to an increased spirally rotating motion, such motion derived from combining the radial motion due to the centrifugal force and the circular motion due to the counter-rotating surfaces. It is this combination of radially directed contact force and circular imparted contact force, in addition to the relatively low surface tension force, that shapes the dispersed particles into spheriodal to spherical configurations.
  • the molten to semi-molten alloy partciles while still subject to the combined forces, are ejected from the peripheral ,outlet of the sinuous type passage and quickly quenched or solidified in their adopted spheroidal to spherical shapes.
  • a receptacle or the like containing a quenching medium may be employed to catch and solidify the alloy shapes, such shapes being somewhat spheroidal to spherical in degree depending on the centrifugal force, the degree of the shape of the curvilinear surfaces, the number of peaks of the sinuous passage and the particular viscosity of the molten liquid used.
  • a sinuous passage having at least one peak is required to insure that the dispersed particles will roll on at least one incline curvilinear surface thus providing sulficient contact force which can be added to the surface tension force to appropriately shape the particles.
  • the inlet of the sinuous passage can be made adjustable so as to regulate at least the maximum size of the dispersed particles being forced through the passage.
  • FIG. 1 is an elevated sectional view taken through the center of the apparatus of this invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an isometric view of the rotating anvil of the apparatus showing the spiral path taken by the dispersed particles.
  • hot molten metal is axially fed upon rotating circular anvil 1 which is made from a material that can withstand the high temperature of the molten metal, such material being graphite, aluminum, magnesia, cast iron or any refractory metal that will not react with the molten metal.
  • the anvil has a conically shaped projection 2, centrally disposed and extending upward.
  • An inclined curvilinear surface 3 extends radially outward from projection 2 and before reaching the peripheral vicinity, the surface assumes a zero slope and then slopes slightly downward.
  • a rotatable drum 4 has an axial opening 5 into which the molten metal is directed to contact projection 2.
  • the undersurface' 12 of drum 4 is curved with a mating curvilinear surface to that of surface 3 but extends radially outward further so that when axially disposed on top of anvil 1 a sinuous type passage 13 is defined. It is also possible to have anvil I extend further out than the drum so as to terminate the sinuous passage in an upward direction.
  • the drum like the anvil, can be made from any material that can withstand a high temperature environment without reacting with the molten metal being disintegrated into small particle sizes.
  • Motor 6 is used to rotate anvil 1 while motor 7 rotates drum 4 in a counter direction.
  • Cone-shaped skirt 8 is used to protect the anvils rotating means from any misdirected metal particles.
  • Receptacle 9 may be a simple annular type receptacle or at least two arcuate receptacles which when juxtaposed will form an overall annular receptacle.
  • This receptacle, containing a quenching or solidifying medium 14, is placed below and radially outward from peripheral outlet 15 of the sinuous passage so as to be in a position to catch the exiting spheroids 11.
  • Cylindrical shell 10 in addition to supporting drum 4, provides a protection barrier from misdirected alloy particles exiting from the sinuous passage.
  • molten metal such as ferroalloy
  • the rate of the metal feed is variable but must be slow enough to allow sufficient contact with rotating projection 2 so that the metal can be centrifugally projected and dispersed into the sinuous type passage 13 between drum 4 and anvil 1.
  • the dispersed metal particles With the anvil rotating, the dispersed metal particles are forced to roll and slide upon curvilinear surface 3 whereon each particle travels in a spiral path as exemplarily shown in FIG. 2-.
  • Each particle traveling in this spiral path is subjected to a radially applied centrifugal force A and a circular or rotating force B which is normal to force A and together the forces subject the particle to maximum circumferential contact with surface 3 of revolving anvil 1.
  • the molten spheroidally forming particles are then tangentially projected onto the curvilinear undersurface 12 of the drum where they continue to roll thus increasing the rolling contact acting thereon.
  • a greater roll contact between the spheroidally formed particles and the drum can be obtained by rotating drum 4 in a counter direction to that of anvil 1.
  • the somewhat spheroidal to spherical particles 11 are then ejected at peripheral outlet 15 in a downward direction into a receiving receptacle 9'.
  • a quenching medium of any non-reactive gas or liquid such as water, oil, liquid salt, liquid glass and liquid silicon would quickly solidify the particles into their adopted shapes.
  • a jet of cold air disposed in the vicinity between the passage outlet and the receptacle may also be used to elfect solidification of the particles.
  • a screen-like net or mesh liner within the receptacle may be employed for facilitating the removal of the particles.
  • conical projection 2 continuously contacts the molten metal feed thereby being subject to wear, it may be made replaceable by providing a threaded or geometrically shaped lower portion which can be threaded or ininserted into a mating recess in the center of the anvil.
  • the degree of the curvilinear passage as to slope and the number of peaks, is variable and deepnds on the degree of sphere required for the solidified alloy.
  • the peripheral outlet of the passage may terminate with a positive slope thereby directing the exiting alloy particles in an upward direction.
  • Molten ferroalloys suitable for use with this apparatus include ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochrome, ferrochrome silicon, magnesium ferrosilicon, silicomanganese and the like.
  • the particles under the force of surface tension and roll contact action were infiuenced into adopting a somewhat spheroidal to spherical shape by the time they reached the peripheral outlet of the passage. They were then discharged from the sinuous passage and caught in a plurality of circular receptacles positioned below and concentrically outward from the passage outlet.
  • the receptacles were filled with water which immediately quenched the caught ferrosilicon particles into their adopted shapes, such shapes being somewhat spheroidal to spherical in configuration.
  • the solidified particles were then subjected to a screen analysis test and found to contain 92% by weight sized between 8 Tyler mesh and inch.
  • somewhat spheroidal is intended to mean the shape of discrete particles, such as shots or pellets, which may have protrusions disfiguring a true spheroidal shape. These protrusions occur from the solidification of the particles prior to the particles assuming a true spheroidal to spherical shape. Although the particles depart from a true spheroidal to spherical shape, they are still commercially usable as long as they fall within a particular size range.
  • a process for disintegrating a molten stream of material solidifiable at room temperature into somewhat spheroidal to spherical shaped particles comprising:
  • molten liquid metal is selected from the group consisting of ferro-silicon, ferro-manganese, ferrochrome, ferrochrome silicon, magnesium-ferrosilieon, or silicomanganese.
  • said quenching medium is selected from the group consisting of water, oil, air, liquid salt, liquid silicon, and liquid glass.

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  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Glanulating (AREA)
  • Silicon Compounds (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
US28594A 1970-04-15 1970-04-15 Process for producing sized ferroalloy particles Expired - Lifetime US3660544A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US2859470A 1970-04-15 1970-04-15

Publications (1)

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US3660544A true US3660544A (en) 1972-05-02

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Family Applications (1)

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US28594A Expired - Lifetime US3660544A (en) 1970-04-15 1970-04-15 Process for producing sized ferroalloy particles

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US3660544A (fr)
JP (1) JPS5138670B1 (fr)
BE (1) BE765739A (fr)
CA (1) CA935612A (fr)
DE (1) DE2118122C3 (fr)
FR (1) FR2086085B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1331370A (fr)
LU (1) LU62986A1 (fr)
NO (1) NO137746C (fr)
SE (1) SE374876B (fr)
ZA (1) ZA712370B (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3943617A (en) * 1971-03-08 1976-03-16 Republic Steel Corporation Novel apparatus and solid state method for converting small pieces of metal to a workpiece
US4140494A (en) * 1977-10-21 1979-02-20 Norton Company Method for rapid cooling molten alumina abrasives
DE2936691A1 (de) 1979-09-11 1981-03-19 Itoh Metal Abrasive Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Aichi Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von insbesondere sphaerischen teilchen oder fasern bestimmter abmessungen aus einer schmelze
DE2954313C2 (de) * 1979-09-11 1986-06-19 Itoh Metal Abrasive Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Aichi Verfahren zur Herstellung sphärischer Teilchen oder von Fasern mit vorbestimmtem Durchmesser aus einer Schmelze
US5089182A (en) * 1988-10-15 1992-02-18 Eberhard Findeisen Process of manufacturing cast tungsten carbide spheres
WO2006107232A1 (fr) * 2005-04-05 2006-10-12 Dynin, Anton Yakovlevich Procede de fabrication de granules de ferro-alliage et scories utilisees a cette fin
CN113600821A (zh) * 2021-08-10 2021-11-05 郑州大学 金属及其合金定尺球化成型方法

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4435342A (en) * 1981-11-04 1984-03-06 Wentzell Jospeh M Methods for producing very fine particle size metal powders
JPS58101446U (ja) * 1981-12-29 1983-07-09 日立建機株式会社 圧力スイツチ
JPS6015734U (ja) * 1983-07-12 1985-02-02 株式会社　京浜精機製作所 圧力スイツチ
EP0260617B1 (fr) * 1986-09-16 1991-12-04 Centrem S.A. Procédé et installation pour la préparation et le traitement de matériaux métalliques
GB9316767D0 (en) * 1993-08-12 1993-09-29 Davy Mckee Stockton Slag granulation
FR2709082B1 (fr) * 1993-08-20 1995-09-29 Pechiney Electrometallurgie Granulation d'alliages contenant du silicium dans l'eau et sous atmosphère inerte.

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3943617A (en) * 1971-03-08 1976-03-16 Republic Steel Corporation Novel apparatus and solid state method for converting small pieces of metal to a workpiece
US4140494A (en) * 1977-10-21 1979-02-20 Norton Company Method for rapid cooling molten alumina abrasives
DE2936691A1 (de) 1979-09-11 1981-03-19 Itoh Metal Abrasive Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Aichi Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von insbesondere sphaerischen teilchen oder fasern bestimmter abmessungen aus einer schmelze
DE2954313C2 (de) * 1979-09-11 1986-06-19 Itoh Metal Abrasive Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Aichi Verfahren zur Herstellung sphärischer Teilchen oder von Fasern mit vorbestimmtem Durchmesser aus einer Schmelze
US5089182A (en) * 1988-10-15 1992-02-18 Eberhard Findeisen Process of manufacturing cast tungsten carbide spheres
WO2006107232A1 (fr) * 2005-04-05 2006-10-12 Dynin, Anton Yakovlevich Procede de fabrication de granules de ferro-alliage et scories utilisees a cette fin
CN113600821A (zh) * 2021-08-10 2021-11-05 郑州大学 金属及其合金定尺球化成型方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2118122C3 (de) 1975-03-13
FR2086085A1 (fr) 1971-12-31
NO137746B (no) 1978-01-09
DE2118122B2 (de) 1974-07-18
BE765739A (fr) 1971-08-30
LU62986A1 (fr) 1972-03-02
FR2086085B1 (fr) 1973-11-23
GB1331370A (en) 1973-09-26
NO137746C (no) 1978-04-19
SE374876B (fr) 1975-03-24
DE2118122A1 (de) 1971-10-28
ZA712370B (en) 1972-01-26
JPS5138670B1 (fr) 1976-10-22
CA935612A (en) 1973-10-23

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Owner name: ELKEM METALS COMPANY, A NEW YORK GENERAL PARTNERSH

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION, A NY CORP.;REEL/FRAME:003882/0761

Effective date: 19810626

Owner name: ELKEM METALS COMPANY, 270 PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, N

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:UNION CARBIDE CORPORATION, A NY CORP.;REEL/FRAME:003882/0761

Effective date: 19810626