US3660175A - Method of manufacturing a magnetically anisotropic magnet body - Google Patents

Method of manufacturing a magnetically anisotropic magnet body Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3660175A
US3660175A US71526A US3660175DA US3660175A US 3660175 A US3660175 A US 3660175A US 71526 A US71526 A US 71526A US 3660175D A US3660175D A US 3660175DA US 3660175 A US3660175 A US 3660175A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
percent
alloy
temperature
treatment
magnetic field
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US71526A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Theodorus Henricus Carol Melis
Pieter Aart Naastepad
Krijn Jacobus De Vos
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
US Philips Corp
Original Assignee
US Philips Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by US Philips Corp filed Critical US Philips Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3660175A publication Critical patent/US3660175A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/10—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/07—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on cobalt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/10—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing cobalt
    • C22C38/105—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing cobalt containing Co and Ni
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A method of manufacturing anisotropic permanent magnets having a composition 28 42 percent Co, 10 20 percent Ni, 6 10 percent Al, 2 8 percent Cu, 4 10 percent Ti, remainder mainly Fe.
  • the anisotropy is induced in the alloy, possibly together with the treatment in a magnetic field, by means of an elastic deformation of the alloy below the segregation temperature T.
  • T is at least 25 C higher than T is a higher energy product of the magnet than could be achieved so far.
  • the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a magnet body having anisotropic permanent magnetic properties of which the part which is essential to said properties is an alloy on the basis of Al-Ni-Co-Fe which, after homogenization is subjected to a thermal treatment in which the homogeneous phase is split up into a phase (a) which is rich in Fe-Co and a phase (it) which is rich in Ni-Al, during which the alloy is elastically deformed mechanically. 4
  • a phase (a) which is rich in Fe-Co and a phase (it) which is rich in Ni-Al during which the alloy is elastically deformed mechanically. 4
  • Such a method is known from British Pat.
  • the deformation in question is produced by means of mechanical pressure or tensile forces.
  • the resulting preferential direction for the magnetic properties then is irl the direction of the tensile stress induced in the alloy.
  • Such alloys have been described, for example, in the Dutch Pat. specification No. 97,469. It appears from this patent specification that in magnet bodies consisting of such an alloy. a magnetic anisotropy can be induced by subjecting the alloy at a temperature below the Curie temperature (T to a thermal treatment in a magnetic field. T ,is always to be understood to mean the T, of the a'-phase. Before being able to carry out said thermal treatment, the alloy must first be cooled from the temperature at which it was homogenized (for example, l,250 C) to a temperature below said T which is, for example, approximately 850 C.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that it is applied to alloys of the composition: 28 42 percent Co; 10 20 percent Ni; 6 10 percent Al; 2 8 percent Cu, 4 10 percent Ti, the remainder mainly Fe, not ocounting the additions of elements such as Ta, Nb, S, Sn, and so on, normally used in said type of alloys, while the temperature at which the homogeneous phase is split up into the phases a and 'a is at least 25 C higher than the Curie temperature of a phase.
  • a permanent magnet manufactured by means of the method according to the invention is found to have a higher remanence 13,, and hence a higher (Bl-l),,,, product. In addition it often has also a higher coercive force l-l than when no deformation has taken place during the manufacture.
  • the thermal treatment during which elastic deformation is carried out can extend over a part of the temperature range between T,, and T throughout the range T Tc and over a range which terminates below T,.. (T T,.)
  • T T the temperature range which terminates below T
  • it may also be an isothermal treatment at a temperature below T
  • the elastic deformation and the thermal treatment known per se in a magnetic field can take place together to obtain a magnetic anisotropy.
  • the elastic deformation is succeeded by a thermal treatment in a magnetic field.
  • An embodiment of the method according to the invention is therefore characterized in that below the Curie temperature the deformation is accompanied by or succeeded by a treatment in a magnetic field.
  • An embodiment of the method according to the invention in particular is characterized'in that the deformation takes place between the segregation temperature and the Curie temperature of the a-phase. Actually, in this temperature range it is not possible to attain magnetic anisotropy by means of a magnetic field.
  • the segregation temperature of the alloy was 900 C; the Curie temperature 860 C.
  • the following magnetic properties were measured: 1
  • EXAMPLE 2 A rod of the same alloy which also had crystal orientation was subjected between 925 C and 650- C to a pressure on all sides of approximately 1,000 kg/sq.cm, after which it was subjected to the same treatment as above.
  • the measured magnetic properties were:
  • EXAMPLE 3 Starting alloy: 34.5 percent Co; 14.5 percent Ni; 8.0 percent A]; 6.0 percent Ti; 25 percent Cu, remainder Fe. T 875 C; T 865 C.
  • a rod (20 mm diameter, 25 mm long( of this alloy with crystal orientation was homogenized at 1240 C for 20 minutes, then blown cold by means of compressed'air to approximately 700 C and finally heated to 825 C.
  • the rod was exposed to a magnetic field of 3,000 Oe for 20 minutes, then cooled to room temperature and finally annealed (at 650 C for 2 hours; at 585 C for 20hours).
  • the magnetic properties measured in the rod were:
  • EXAMPLE 4 Starting alloy; 38.0 percent Co; 15.0 percent Ni; 8 percent Al; 8.0 percent Ti; 30 percent Cu; 0.5 percent Sn;'remainder Fe. T 925 C; T, 865 C.
  • a non-crystal-oriented rod (20 mm diameter, 30 mm long) was obtained having the following magnetic properties:
  • EXAMPLE 5 Starting alloy: the same as in example 4. This time, however, a rod(20 mm diameter, 70 mm long) of the alloy showed a crystal orientation. The treatment was further identical to that described in example 4.
  • the measured magnetic properties without mechanical deformation having taken place were:
  • the measured magnetic properties were:
  • the curves in graph show the variation of the demagnetization ofthe two permanent magnets according to example 5.
  • Curve 1 is associated with the magnet which has not been deformed during manufacture.
  • Curve 2 is associated with the magnet manufactured by means of the method according to the invention.
  • a method of manufacturing a magnetically anisotropic body consisting essentially of an alloy of about 28-42 percent Co, about 10-20 percent Ni, about 6-10 percent Al, about 2-8 percent Cu, about 4-10 percent Ti, balance essentially Fe, comprising the steps of cooling said alloy from a temperature of about l,250 C at which the alloy is homogenized to a temperature T,,, at least 25 C above the Curie temperature of the a phase and at which the alloy is split into two phases, a and a, and elastically deforming said alloy from said temperature T, to a temperature below said Curie temperature.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Cores, Coils, And Magnets (AREA)
US71526A 1969-09-18 1970-09-11 Method of manufacturing a magnetically anisotropic magnet body Expired - Lifetime US3660175A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL6914126A NL6914126A (de) 1969-09-18 1969-09-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3660175A true US3660175A (en) 1972-05-02

Family

ID=19807926

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US71526A Expired - Lifetime US3660175A (en) 1969-09-18 1970-09-11 Method of manufacturing a magnetically anisotropic magnet body

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3660175A (de)
JP (1) JPS508014B1 (de)
BE (1) BE756299A (de)
DE (1) DE2042549C3 (de)
ES (1) ES383704A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2062281A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1312999A (de)
NL (1) NL6914126A (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3891476A (en) * 1972-12-15 1975-06-24 Philips Corp Method of magnetizing a body of M{HD 5{B R at high temperatures
US3892118A (en) * 1970-01-26 1975-07-01 Velinsky Milton Method of manufacturing bistable magnetic device
US4053333A (en) * 1974-09-20 1977-10-11 University Of Pennsylvania Enhancing magnetic properties of amorphous alloys by annealing under stress
WO1980001857A1 (en) * 1979-02-28 1980-09-04 Western Electric Co Magnetically anisotropic alloys by deformation processing
US4273595A (en) * 1979-03-19 1981-06-16 Inoue-Japax Research Incorporated Method of preparing thermomagnetically treated magnetically anisotropic objects

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB817702A (en) * 1957-01-23 1959-08-06 John Edward Gould Improvements in or relating to permanent magnets
GB821624A (en) * 1955-01-19 1959-10-14 Philips Electrical Ind Ltd Improvements in or relating to method of making anisotropic permanent magnets
US3219495A (en) * 1962-04-06 1965-11-23 Ct Magneti Permanenti S P A Method of effecting gamma phase precipitation to produce a monocrystalline growth in permanent magnets
US3226266A (en) * 1962-02-07 1965-12-28 U S Magnet & Alloy Corp Method of making permanent magnets
GB1085934A (en) * 1965-09-17 1967-10-04 Swift Levick & Sons Ltd Improvements in or relating to permanent magnets
GB1171892A (en) * 1967-06-09 1969-11-26 Philips Electronic Associated Method of Manufacturing Anisotropic Permanent Magnets.

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB821624A (en) * 1955-01-19 1959-10-14 Philips Electrical Ind Ltd Improvements in or relating to method of making anisotropic permanent magnets
GB817702A (en) * 1957-01-23 1959-08-06 John Edward Gould Improvements in or relating to permanent magnets
US3226266A (en) * 1962-02-07 1965-12-28 U S Magnet & Alloy Corp Method of making permanent magnets
US3219495A (en) * 1962-04-06 1965-11-23 Ct Magneti Permanenti S P A Method of effecting gamma phase precipitation to produce a monocrystalline growth in permanent magnets
GB1085934A (en) * 1965-09-17 1967-10-04 Swift Levick & Sons Ltd Improvements in or relating to permanent magnets
GB1171892A (en) * 1967-06-09 1969-11-26 Philips Electronic Associated Method of Manufacturing Anisotropic Permanent Magnets.

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3892118A (en) * 1970-01-26 1975-07-01 Velinsky Milton Method of manufacturing bistable magnetic device
US3891476A (en) * 1972-12-15 1975-06-24 Philips Corp Method of magnetizing a body of M{HD 5{B R at high temperatures
US4053333A (en) * 1974-09-20 1977-10-11 University Of Pennsylvania Enhancing magnetic properties of amorphous alloys by annealing under stress
WO1980001857A1 (en) * 1979-02-28 1980-09-04 Western Electric Co Magnetically anisotropic alloys by deformation processing
US4251293A (en) * 1979-02-28 1981-02-17 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Magnetically anisotropic alloys by deformation processing
US4273595A (en) * 1979-03-19 1981-06-16 Inoue-Japax Research Incorporated Method of preparing thermomagnetically treated magnetically anisotropic objects

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6914126A (de) 1971-03-22
DE2042549B2 (de) 1977-09-15
DE2042549C3 (de) 1978-05-24
ES383704A1 (es) 1973-07-01
BE756299A (fr) 1971-03-17
GB1312999A (en) 1973-04-11
JPS508014B1 (de) 1975-04-01
FR2062281A5 (de) 1971-06-25
DE2042549A1 (de) 1971-04-08

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4053333A (en) Enhancing magnetic properties of amorphous alloys by annealing under stress
JP2000508476A (ja) 低ロス容易飽和型接着磁石
JP2713404B2 (ja) 鉄、ホウ素および希土類金属から成る永久磁石用磁性材料およびその製造方法
US3660175A (en) Method of manufacturing a magnetically anisotropic magnet body
JP2513679B2 (ja) 最大エネルギ−積の大きい超高保磁力永久磁石およびその製造方法
JPH03129702A (ja) 磁気的異方性および耐食性に優れた希土類―Ｆｅ―Ｂ系永久磁石粉末およびボンド磁石
US3148092A (en) Process for producing sheets of magnetic materials
US3891476A (en) Method of magnetizing a body of M{HD 5{B R at high temperatures
US3989557A (en) Process of producing semi-hard magnetic materials
US4396441A (en) Permanent magnet having ultra-high coercive force and large maximum energy product and method of producing the same
US3983916A (en) Process for producing semi-hard co-nb-fl magnetic materials
US3138494A (en) Method of annealing magnetic materials
JPH0328502B2 (de)
US4311537A (en) Low-cobalt Fe-Cr-Co permanent magnet alloy processing
JPH1070023A (ja) 永久磁石とその製造方法
US3546031A (en) Process for treating nickel-iron-molybdenum alloy to increase induction rise and pulse permeability
US2622050A (en) Process for heat-treating cobalt-platinum magnets
US3556876A (en) Process for treating nickel-iron-base alloy strip to increase induction rise and pulse permeability
JPH0627308B2 (ja) 永久磁石材料の製造方法
Chin et al. Low cobalt Cr‐Co‐Fe permanent magnet alloys
JPS60194502A (ja) 永久磁石材料の製造方法
US4340435A (en) Isotropic and nearly isotropic permanent magnet alloys
US2933427A (en) Permanent anisotropic magnet and method of making same
US4966633A (en) Coercivity in hot worked iron-neodymium boron type permanent magnets
US4391656A (en) Isotropic and nearly isotropic permanent magnet alloys