Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
  • C23G5/00—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
  • C23G5/02—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
  • C10L10/06—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for facilitating soot removal
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
  • C23G5/00—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
  • C23G5/02—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents
  • C23G5/024—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents using organic solvents containing hydrocarbons

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a liquid composition for eliminating the deposits from the combustion chambers of internal combustion engines.
• German Pat. 420,604 suggested the use of a mixture of an amine with a varnish solvent
• German Pat. 525,601 taught the use of halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon added, possibly, to a solvent
• German Pat. 575,147 suggested the use of a mixture of toluene, xylene or ethylbenzene and of a compound of the furan group
• U.S. Pat. 2,004,628 suggested the use of a mixture of kerosene, creosote, castor oil and amyl acetate.
• the main object of the present invention is to provide a liquid composition which, after having been injected into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, causes the elimination of any type of deposits, both carbon and metal deposits, causes an increase of compression in the combustion chamber and a decrease of specific consumption of fuel and of lubricating oil.
• a liquid composition formed by a mixture of at least two components, one of which is chosen from the group of monoterpenes and the other is chosen from the group of solvents for lacquers, varnishes and sludges.
• a lubricating oil is preferably added to the said two components.
• the monoterpene preferably used in the liquid composition of the present invention is a bicyclic monoterpene, namely fenchone, the thujone, carone, pino camphone, verbenone and umbellulone.
• the solvent is preferably chosen from the group comprising oil of turpentine, essential oils having a solvent action, amyl acetate, Tetralin, acetone, propyl acetate, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, hexyl acetate, benzyl acetate.
• Decalin monohalogen-derivatives of naphthalene, toluene, benzene, ethylbenzene, halogen, derivatives of benzene, chlorotoluenes, xylenes and trimethylbenzenes, and 2-ethylnaphthalene.
• the lubricating oil preferably used is chosen from the group comprising castor oil, colza oil, olein, coconut oil,
• a single monoterpene or a mixture of monoterpenes a single lubricating oil or a mixture of lubricating oils and a single solvent or a mixture of solvents may be used.
• the percentages of the components are preferably within the ranges of about 20% to about 30% for the monoterpene, of about 50% to about 73% for the solvent and of about 7% to about 20% for the lubricating oil, said percentages being in volume.
• liquid compositions Some specific examples of liquid compositions will be given in the following.
• EXAMPLE 1 r 22 cc. of fenchone, 70 cc. of oil of turpentine and 8 cc. of castor oil are mixed together, the mixture being carried out at room temperature and pressure in a mixer. A homogeneous liquid is obtained; its use will be specified later on.
• EXAMPLE 2 29 cc. of fenchone, 40 cc. of oil of turpentine, 20 cc. of Tetralin, 5 cc. of amyl acetate and 6 cc. of colza oil are mixed according to the procedure of Example 1, to obtain a homogeneous liquid.
• EXAMPLE 3 25 cc. of thujone, 25 cc. of toluene, 15 cc. of oil of turpentine, 12.5 0.0 of castor oil, 11 cc. of Tetralin, 11.5 cc. of amyl acetate are mixed according to the procedure of Example 1, to obtain a homogeneous liquid.
• EXAMPLE 5 25 cc. of camphor dissolved in benzene, 25 cc. of toluene, cc. of oil of turpentine, 12.5 cc. of castor oil, 11 cc. of Tetralin and 11.5 cc. of amyl acetate are mixed, according to the procedure of Example 1, to obtain a homogeneous liquid.
• EXAMPLE 7 12 cc. of fenchone, 12 cc. of thujone, 30 cc. of toluene, 15 cc. of oil of turpentine, 10 cc. of castor oil, 15 cc. of Tetralin, 6 cc. of amy-l acetate are mixed together, according to the procedure of Example 1, to obtain a homogeneous liquid.
• EXAMPLE 8 cc. of fenchone, 30 cc. of chlorobenzene, 20 cc. of oil Thuja, 15 cc. of colza oil, 10 cc. of Z-ethyl-naphthalene, 5 cc. of butyl acetate are mixed together, according to the procedure of Example 1, to obtain a homogeneous liquid.
• EXAMPLE 9 cc. of pinocamphone, 70 cc. of thyme oil, 5 cc. of colza oil are mixed together, according to the procedure of Example 1, to obtain a homogeneous liquid.
• EXAMPLE 10 15 cc. of carone, 15 cc. of fenchone, cc. of xylene, 15 cc. of hexyl-a-cetate, 20 cc. of rue oil, 5 cc. of castor oil are mixed together, accordinging to the procedure of Example 1, to obtain a homogeneous liquid.
• EXAMPLE 11 29 cc. of verbenone, 40 cc. of oil of turpentine, 20 cc. of Tetralin, 5 cc. of propyl-acetate and 6 cc. of castor oil are mixed together, according to the procedure of Example 1, to obtain a homogeneous liquid.
• EXAMPLE 12 25 cc. of umbellulone, 25 cc. of chlorobenzene, 15 cc. of oil turpentine, 12.5 cc. of colza oil, 11 cc. of Decalin, 11.5 cc. of amyl acetate are mixed together, according to the procedure of Example 1, to obtain a homogeneous liquid.
• EXAMPLE 13 22 cc. of thujone, 60 cc. of oil of turpentine and 18 cc. of castor oil are mixed together according to the procedure of Example 1, to obtain a homogeneous liquid.
• EXAMPLE 14 30 cc. of toluene, 20 cc. of oil of turpentine, 15 cc. of castor oil, 10 cc. of Tetralin, 20 cc. of fenchone and 5 cc. of amyl acetate are mixed together, according to the procedure of Example 1, to obtain a homogeneous liquid.
• EXAMPLE 15 cc. of toluene, 25 cc. of oil of turpentine, 10 cc. of castor oil, 15 cc. of Tetralin, 10 cc. of thujone and 5 cc. of amyl acetate are mixed together, according to the procedure of Example 1, to obtain a homogeneous liquid.
• EXAMPLE 17 30 cc. of thujone, 40 cc. of oil of turpentine and 30 cc. of- Tetralin are mixed together, according to the procedure of Example 1, to obtain a homogeneous liquid.
• EXAMPLE 18 25 cc. of toluene, 15 cc. of oil of turpentine, 12.5 cc. of castor oil, 11 cc. of Tetralin, 25 cc. of fenchone and 11.5 cc. of amyl acetate are mixed together, according to the procedure of Example 1, to obtain a homogeneous liquid.
• the injection of the liquid composition must be effected for each cylinder separately, one after the other.
• the engine is first warmed up until the cooling fluid temperature of the engine reaches at least 75 C. (167 F.), preferably at least C. (195 'F.), in the case of water cooled engines.
• the use of the liquid composition must be made when the crankcase oil temperature has reach about 80 C. F.).
• the piston After removing the spark plug of the cylinder to be treated with'the liquid composition, the piston is brought to the top dead centre (T.D.C.) and, more exactly, in a four stroke engine the T.D.C. position between the compression stroke and the power stroke, so that the valves are hermetically closed.
• the liquid composition is introduced into the cylinder through the spark plug opening by using, for example, a simple syringe, the spark plug aperture being closed immediately afterwards.
• the composition is then allowed to remain in the combustion chamber for 20 minutes, preferably at least 30 minutes.
• This treatment must be effected as quickly as possible before the engine cools down to any substantial extent, since such cooling during the period of treatment would reduce the effectiveness of the action exerted by the liquid compound. While it remains in the combustion chamber, the compositions exerts a strong solvent action on the deposits of the combustion chamber, on the varnishes, lacquers and on the sludges located between the piston rings and the correspondinggrooves, completely dissolving these materials and so preventing their further deleteriously effecting the performance of the engine. After a staying time of 30 minutes in the combustion chamber, the engine is started again and let run until it is warmed up.
• the treatment is similar to that performed on Otto engines, except that the composition is injected into the combustion chamber by removing the fuel injector.
• the injector or the glow plug is usually in the precombustion chamber; in this case the position of top dead centre in each cylinder must be deduced from the advance of injection.
• the external conditions under which engines are treated with the composition according to the invention must be those of ambient temperature, not lower than 18 C. (64.4 F.). The efiect of the treatment is immediate but it is most noticeable when the engine has run for several hours, thus achieving the highest possible values.
• a composition for removing deposits from the combustion chambers of internal combustion engines comprising a mixture of a solvent and a bicyclic monoterpene selected from the group consisting of fenchone, thujone, carone, pinocamphone, verbenone and umbellulone.
• composition according to claim 1 wherein said solvent is selected from the group consisting of oil of turpentine, essential oils having a solvent action, amyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, propyl acetate, benzyl acetate, tetraline, Decalin, 2-ethyl-naphthalene, acetone, toluene, benzene, xylene, trimethylbenzene, monohalogen-derivatives of naphthalene, ethylbenzene, halogen derivatives of benzene, and chlorine derivatives of toluene.
• solvent is selected from the group consisting of oil of turpentine, essential oils having a solvent action, amyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, propyl acetate, benzyl acetate, tetraline, De
• composition according to claim 2 wherein the bicyclic monoterpene is fenchone.
• composition according to claim 2 wherein the bicyclic monoterpene is thujone.
• composition according to claim 1 further comprising a lubricating oil.
• composition according to claim 5 wherein said lubricating oil is selected from the group consisting of castor oil, colza oil, olein, coconut oil and palm oil.
• composition according to claim 6 which comprises from 20 to 30% monoterpene, from to 73% solvent, and from 7 to 20% lubricating oil, said percentages being by volume.
• composition according to claim 7 comprising 25% toluene, 15% oil of turpentine, 12.5% castor oil, .'11% tetralin, 25% bicyclic monoterpene, 11.5% amyl acetate, said percentages being by volume.
• composition according to claim 7 wherein the monoterpene is fenchone.
• composition according to claim 7 wherein the monoterpene is thujone.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)
• Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=26326968

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (11)

Cited By (13)

Families Citing this family (4)

• 1969
  • 1969-08-01 US US846960A patent/US3658708A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1969-08-08 BE BE737247D patent/BE737247A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1969-08-19 NL NL6912585A patent/NL167721C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1969-08-20 CA CA060047A patent/CA922218A/en not_active Expired
  • 1969-08-25 ES ES371217A patent/ES371217A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1969-08-25 AT AT812869A patent/AT298934B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1969-08-25 DK DK455769AA patent/DK133632B/da not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1969-08-25 JP JP44066503A patent/JPS5022042B1/ja active Pending
  • 1969-08-25 GB GB1233850D patent/GB1233850A/en not_active Expired
  • 1969-08-26 FR FR6929156A patent/FR2016402A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 1969-08-26 SE SE11824/69A patent/SE365540B/xx unknown

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