US3656954A - Photographic material with improved surface properties - Google Patents

Photographic material with improved surface properties Download PDF

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Publication number
US3656954A
US3656954A US853211A US3656954DA US3656954A US 3656954 A US3656954 A US 3656954A US 853211 A US853211 A US 853211A US 3656954D A US3656954D A US 3656954DA US 3656954 A US3656954 A US 3656954A
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United States
Prior art keywords
photographic material
material according
sulphonic acid
formula
stands
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Expired - Lifetime
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US853211A
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English (en)
Inventor
Robrecht Julius Thiers
Jozef Frans Willems
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Agfa Gevaert NV
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Agfa Gevaert NV
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
    • G03C1/06—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with non-macromolecular additives
    • G03C1/34—Fog-inhibitors; Stabilisers; Agents inhibiting latent image regression
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
    • G03C1/04—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with macromolecular additives; with layer-forming substances
    • G03C1/053—Polymers obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. vinyl polymers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
    • G03C1/06—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with non-macromolecular additives
    • G03C1/30—Hardeners
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/76—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers
    • G03C1/815—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers characterised by means for filtering or absorbing ultraviolet light, e.g. optical bleaching
    • G03C1/8155—Organic compounds therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/76—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers
    • G03C1/85—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers characterised by antistatic additives or coatings
    • G03C1/856—Phosphorus compounds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/76—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers
    • G03C1/95—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers rendered opaque or writable, e.g. with inert particulate additives
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S430/00—Radiation imagery chemistry: process, composition, or product thereof
    • Y10S430/151—Matting or other surface reflectivity altering material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S430/00—Radiation imagery chemistry: process, composition, or product thereof
    • Y10S430/155—Nonresinous additive to promote interlayer adhesion in element

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Photographic materials comprising a support, a light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer on said support and thereover a hydrophilic colloidal protective coating is described.
  • the photographic material will include resorcin in the emulsion layer and a poly-N-vinyl lactam or polyvinyl lactone in the emulsion layer or in the protective surface coating.
  • the surface coating will include silica particles and a polycarbocyclic aromatic sulphonic acid or water-soluble salt thereof.
  • the photographic material is free or substantially free from milkiness or cloudiness normally associated with photographic materials comprising resorcin, polyvinyllactam or polyvinyllactone, and silica.
  • the present invention relates to photographic light-sensitive material with improved surface properties.
  • silica particles are incorporated in the outer layer of the photographic material for all kinds of purposes.
  • the roughness produced by the silica particles atthe surface of the photographic material also prevents the generation of static electricity, which causes sparks and thus exposure of the photographic material, as well as the formation of Newtons rings when printing and enlarging in that the contact surface of said material with another material is relatively small.
  • the outer layer with silica particles also very noticeably decreases abrasion by dry-friction and reduces the tendency of scratching when materials are stored or packed in contact with other material as is the case, e.g., with X-ray material packed without interleaves (non interleaved fold-scratching or NIF-scratching).
  • silica particles in a surface coating e.g., a protective coating applied to the light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer of a photographic material
  • a protective hydrophilic colloid surface coating of a photographic material comprising resorcin in a light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer and a polyvinyl lactam or polyvinyl lactone such as poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone and polyvinyl-Z-oxazolidine in the said surface coating
  • a photographic material comprising a support, a light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer and a non-light-sensitive hydrophilic colloid protective surface coating, which is provided at the same side of the support as the said emulsion layer and comprises dispersed therein silica particles, the milkiness or cloudiness produced by the presence in the said photographic material of resorcin and a polyvinyl lactam or polyvinyl lactone, can be materially reduced or eliminated by incorporating in said surface coating, in addition to the silica particles a polycarbocyclic aromatic (as hereinafter defined) sulphonic acid or a water-soluble salt thereof.
  • polycarbocyclic aromatic as used herein is intended to mean two or more benzene rings fused together (for example, as in naphthalene, pyrene and dibenzothiophene dioxide), or at least two aromatic rings directly joined together (for example as in diphenyl or terphenyl) or joined through the intermediary of an aliphatic group, e.g., alkylene and alkenylene, which may be interrupted by one or more hetero atoms, e.g., a bisamido group derived from aliphatic or aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as phthalamido.
  • M is hydrogen, a metal atom such as sodium and potassium,
  • B stands for hydrogen, a fused aromatic ring including a substituted aromatic ring such as sulphonated benzo, an amino group including a substituted amino group, preferably an amide or a s-triazin-Z-ylamino group,
  • A stands for alkylene such as ethylene, alkenylene, such as CH 3 CH- or a bisamido group such as HNCO R-CONH- wherein R stands for alkylene or arylene for example phthalamido, and
  • B stands for an aromatic group including a substituted aromatic group, preferably the group Sulphonated compounds wherein B is as-triazin-Z-ylamino group, are for instance, those corresponding to the following general formula:
  • X stands for CH CH or Chg-CH2
  • each of Z, and Z stands for s-triazin-Z-yl including substituted s-triazin-2-yl, e.g., substituted by hydroxyl, aryloxy (e.g,, phenoxy, o-toloxy, p-sulphophenoxy, etc.), alkoxy (e.g., methoxy, ethoxy, etc.), a halogen atom (e.g., chlorine, bromine, etc.), a heterocyclic radical (e.g., morpholinyl, piperidyl, etc.), an alkylthio group (e.g., methylthio, ethylthio, etc.), an arylthio group (eg phenylthio, tolylthio, etc.), a heterocyclylthio group (e.g., benzothiazylthio, etc.), an amino group, an alkylamino group (e.g., methylamino, e
  • bistriazyl aminostilbene compounds corresponding to general formula III which are especially useful in practicing our invention have been previously employed in the art as fluorescent agents and as bleaching (optical) agents as well as in the textile industry and hence are widely known substances.
  • a photographic silver halide material comprising in one of its hydrophilic colloid layers resorcin and in the same or other hydrophilic colloid layer a polyvinyl lactam or lactone wherein said material is provided with a non-light-sensitive hydrophilic colloid surface layer, which is coated at the same side of the support as the silver halide emulsion layer(s) of the said material and comprises in addition to dispersed silica particles a polycarbocyclic aromatic sulphonic acid or watersoluble salt thereof as defined above.
  • the invention is of particular value in the manufacture of X- ray material and other double coated films where both sides of the film support, e.g., a cellulose triacetate or polyethylene terephthalate film support, are provided with light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layers and hydrophilic colloid protective surface layers as outer layers.
  • the film support e.g., a cellulose triacetate or polyethylene terephthalate film support
  • light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layers and hydrophilic colloid protective surface layers as outer layers.
  • the silica particles of use according to the present invention preferably have an average particle size of less than 1 micron, more especially from about 0.01 to about 0.2 micron. They are incorporated into the hydrophilic colloid coating composition of the outer layer from aqueous dispersions or suspensions of silica.
  • Aqueous suspensions of silica that have been found particularly effective comprise those marketed by Monsanto Chemical Corporation, Boston, Mass, U.S.A. under the description SYTON such as SYTON W-" and SYTON 2-X and by E. l. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Del., U.S.A. under the description LUDOX such as LU- DOX LS.
  • SYTON W-20 is a trade name for a 15 percent aqueous suspension of silicium dioxide having an average particle size of 0.14 micron.
  • SYTON 2-X is a trade name for a percent aqueous suspension of silicium dioxide having an average particle size of 0.025 micron.
  • LUDOX LS is a trade name for a 30 percent aqueous suspension of silicium dioxide having an average particle size of 0.015 micron.
  • the amount of aqueous suspension of silica added to the coating composition of the outer layer is preferably such that from about 0.1 g to about 1 g, more especially from 0.25 to 0.75 g, of silicon dioxide is present per sq.m.
  • polycarbocyclic aromatic sulphonic acids or watersoluble salts thereof used in accordance with the present invention are preferably incorporated into the coating composition of the outer layer from aqueous solutions. They are generally used in amounts comprised between 1 mg and mg per sq.m, preferably between 5 mg and 30 mg per sq.m.
  • polyvinyl lactam and lactone compounds such as poly-N-vinylpyrollidone and polyvinyl-2-oxazolidone in photographic material is generally known in the art. These compounds can be used as antifoggants in a light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer or another water-permeable colloid layer of the photographic material. In accordance with the present invention they are preferably used in the hydrophilic colloid protective surface coating in amounts generally comprised between 0.02 g and l g per sq.m.
  • the polyvinyl lactone or polyvinyl lactam may also function as hydrophilic colloid binder for the water-permeable colloid coatings, e.g., the protective or antistress outer colloid coating of the photographic material.
  • gelatin is preferably used as hydrophilic colloid binder for the water-permeable colloid layers of photographic material
  • suitable natural or synthetic hydrophilic colloids may wholly or partly replace the gelatin, e.g., casein, zein, colloidal albumin, a cellulose derivative such as carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinylalcohol, poly- N-vinyl-pyrrolidone, etc.
  • the hydrophilic colloid composition for the protective coating may, of course, comprise in addition to the silica-particles and the polycarbocyclic aromatic sulphonic acid or watersoluble salt thereof, all sorts of other ingredients such as wetting agents, plasticizers, hardeners, antistatic agents, etc.
  • resorcin in photographic silver halide material layers is also generally known in the art. It is commonly used as hardening accelerator for aldehyde hardeners, such as formaldehyde whereby the unfavourable effect of the aldehyde on the sensitometric characteristics such as increase of fog is reduced or eliminated.
  • the resorcin is preferably used in the silver halide emulsion layer in amounts generally comprised between 1 g and 15 g per kg of emulsion.
  • the hydrophilic colloid protective coating comprising silica particles and in addition thereto a polycarboresorcin and a said polyvinyl compound.
  • the emulsion layers may be spectrally sensitized or non-sensitized emulsion layers. They may be high-sensitive negative emulsions as well as rather low sensitive positive emulsions.
  • silver salts may be used as light-sensitive salt, e.g., silver bromide, silver iodide, silver chloride or mixed silver halides, e.g., silver chlorobromide or silver bromoiodide.
  • silver halides are dispersed in the common hydrophilic colloids or mixtures of colloids, examples of which are given above, gelatin being, however, favored.
  • the support may be any conventional transparent or opaque support as normally used in the art such as paper, glass and film.
  • the invention is of particular advantage in those cases where transparent film supports are used such as films of cellulose esters for instance cellulose triacetate, and films of polyesters for instance polyethylene terephthalate.
  • a gelatin antistress layer is applied from an aqueous gelatin composition comprising per liter 30 g of gelatin, 28 ml of a 20 percent aqueous solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone, 40 ml of SYTON 2X (trade name) and m1 of a 4 percent aqueous solution of compound l.
  • the gelatin antistress layer is coated pro rata of about 27 sq.m per liter of aqueous gelatin composition, which means that per sq.m about 1.1 g of gelatin, 0.2 g of polyvinylpyrrolidone, 0.44 g of silica and mg of compound 1 are present.
  • a photographic material comprising a support carrying a light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer and thereover a hydrophilic colloid protective surface coating, said photographic material comprising resorcin in said emulsion layer and a poly-N-vinyllactarn or polyvinyl lactone in said emulsion layer or in said surface coating, said surface coating further including silica particles and a polycarbocyclic aromatic sulphonic acid or water-soluble salt thereof, said material salt thereof is a compound corresponding to the formula:
  • 10 M stands for hydrogen, a metal atom or ammonium
  • M stands for hydrogen, a metal atom or ammonium
  • X stands for CH CH or Cl-h-Cl-l and each of Z and Z stands for a s-triazin-Z-yl group.
  • poly-N-vinyl lactam is poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone
  • a photographic material according to claim 1, wherein the polyvinyllactone is polyvinyl-Z-oxazolidone.
  • a photographic material according to claim 1, wherein the hydrophilic colloid of the said surface coating is gelatin.
  • a photographic material according to claim 1 wherein said polycarbocyclic aromatic sulphonic acid or water-soluble 15.
  • a photographic material according to claim 1, wherein the said polycarbocyclic aromatic sulphonic acid corresponds to the formula:
  • the said polycarbocyclic aromatic sulphonic acid corresponds l S OaNa s O Na to the formula: l
  • a photographic material according to claim 1 wherein HzN cH2-cm I -Nm the said polycarbocyclic aromatic sulphonic acid corresponds to the formula: s 03H s 03H HO-CHr-CH: N N CHz-CHz-OH 18.
  • the said polycarbocyclic aromatic sulphonic acid corresponds

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
US853211A 1969-03-17 1969-08-26 Photographic material with improved surface properties Expired - Lifetime US3656954A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB03884/69A GB1274302A (en) 1969-03-17 1969-03-17 Photographic silver halide materials containing silica particles

Publications (1)

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US3656954A true US3656954A (en) 1972-04-18

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US853211A Expired - Lifetime US3656954A (en) 1969-03-17 1969-08-26 Photographic material with improved surface properties

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US (1) US3656954A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE738856A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1955898C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2034977A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1274302A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE358747B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3856526A (en) * 1973-08-06 1974-12-24 Eastman Kodak Co Protective layer for photothermographic elements
US3856527A (en) * 1973-08-06 1974-12-24 Eastman Kodak Co Protective layer for photothermographic elements
US3885963A (en) * 1972-04-18 1975-05-27 Xerox Corp Light activating imaging process
US4165237A (en) * 1975-05-16 1979-08-21 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Silver halide light-sensitive material
US4399213A (en) * 1978-01-09 1983-08-16 Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. Silver halide photosensitive photographic material
US11814210B1 (en) * 2023-05-15 2023-11-14 Ryan Benson Dual mouth shotgun can

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1253002B (it) * 1990-10-05 1995-07-10 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Elemento fotografico agli alogenuri d'argento e procedimento per preparare una dispersione in composizioni acquose di particelle discrete di un agente mattante polimerico insolubile in acqua

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU220186A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) *
US3022169A (en) * 1958-03-05 1962-02-20 Agfa Ag Matting of photographic layers
US3058826A (en) * 1959-12-11 1962-10-16 Du Pont Photographic elements exhibiting reduced haze and method for preparation
US3181948A (en) * 1958-06-02 1965-05-04 Gevaert Photo Prod Nv Method for optical bleaching of coated papers and resultant product
US3380828A (en) * 1965-08-02 1968-04-30 Eastman Kodak Co Antistain agents for spectrally sensitized silver halide photographic elements

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB811182A (en) * 1956-08-20 1959-04-02 Ici Ltd Improvement of photographic prints
BE581611A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1958-08-27
US3006762A (en) * 1959-02-09 1961-10-31 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Sensitizers for photographic emulsions
NL251799A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1959-05-19

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU220186A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) *
US3022169A (en) * 1958-03-05 1962-02-20 Agfa Ag Matting of photographic layers
US3181948A (en) * 1958-06-02 1965-05-04 Gevaert Photo Prod Nv Method for optical bleaching of coated papers and resultant product
US3058826A (en) * 1959-12-11 1962-10-16 Du Pont Photographic elements exhibiting reduced haze and method for preparation
US3380828A (en) * 1965-08-02 1968-04-30 Eastman Kodak Co Antistain agents for spectrally sensitized silver halide photographic elements

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3885963A (en) * 1972-04-18 1975-05-27 Xerox Corp Light activating imaging process
US3856526A (en) * 1973-08-06 1974-12-24 Eastman Kodak Co Protective layer for photothermographic elements
US3856527A (en) * 1973-08-06 1974-12-24 Eastman Kodak Co Protective layer for photothermographic elements
US4165237A (en) * 1975-05-16 1979-08-21 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Silver halide light-sensitive material
US4399213A (en) * 1978-01-09 1983-08-16 Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. Silver halide photosensitive photographic material
US11814210B1 (en) * 2023-05-15 2023-11-14 Ryan Benson Dual mouth shotgun can

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE738856A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-03-16
DE1955898A1 (de) 1970-10-01
FR2034977A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-12-18
DE1955898C2 (de) 1983-05-05
SE358747B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-08-06
GB1274302A (en) 1972-05-17

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